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BIODEGRADABLE AND FIRE RESISTANT

HYDRAULIC FLUIDS

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Table of Contents

Page Company Profile 3 Company Locations 4 Typical Physical Characteristics 5 Cosmolubric B-220 Cosmolubric B-230 Lubricity and Wear Testing 6 - 11 Shell 4 Ball Lubricity Tester Pump Test FZG Load Stage Gear Test Compatibility with Systems Materials 12 – 13 Metals Compatability Seals Materials Chemical and Paint Coatings Filters Environmental Testing 14 Toxic Tests Quality Assurance 15 BS EN ISO 9001 BS EN ISO 14001 (Environmental) Houghton Offshore Environmental Policy Product Data and Material Safety Data Sheets

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Company Profile

Background

Houghton Offshore is a division of Houghton International’s worldwide group of companies that provide high quality specialty industrial fluids and superior ongoing service. Houghton Offshore excels in the manufacture of highest quality products and fluids specifically formulated for offshore oil and gas and marine applications. Houghton’s experience with water based hydraulic fluids began in the early 1950’s, when at the request of the U.S. and British Navies, Houghton developed a fire and explosive resistant product which pioneered the use of water glycol hydraulic fluids. This relationship continues today with products meeting the stringent requirements of U.S. and NATO military specifications. The experience gained has provided Houghton Offshore with considerable formulation and development expertise in water based technology which now leads in fulfilling the specific needs of the offshore industry. Today, Houghton Offshore’s worldwide operations and products are supported by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) approvals and used in a variety of offshore applications which include: Subsea oil and gas production Equipment preservation Control systems Drillstring storage protection Control valve assembly ROV’s Umbilical flushing and filling operations Offshore drilling rig operations Subsea and surface blow out preventers (BOP’s) Motion compensators Production riser – tensioner systems

Mission Statement “Houghton Offshore’s mission is to supply high quality specialty processing products and services to the offshore industry, throughout the world. Our products and service must provide consistent satisfaction of our customer’s expectations and be in strict compliance with all health, safety and environmental regulations. We will make continuous improvements in the quality and cost effectiveness of our products and services so as to insure our position as one of the leading suppliers in our industry.”

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HOUSTON, TX USA 10375 RICHMOND AVE., SUITE 1105 HOUSTON, TX 77042 PHONE: (713) 532-5300 FAX: (713) 532-5311

CORPORATE OFFICES HOUGHTON INTERNATIONAL MADISON AND VAN BUREN AVES. VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482 PHONE (610) 666-4000 FAX (610) 666-1376

ABERDEEN SCOTLAND Houghton plc. C/O Caledonian Logistics Unit 10 Stoneywood Business Centre Dyce Aberdeen AB21 7DF Phone: 01224-723-905 Fax: 01224-725-253 AUSTRALIA Houghton Australia Pty. Ltd. 287 Wickham Road Moorabbin, Vic. 3189 Australia Phone: 61-3-9555-0344 Fax: 61-3-9555-0748 BRAZIL Houghton Brasil LTDA Cx Postal, 107 Capuava Maua Sao Paulo Brazil CEP 09380-908 Phone: 55-11-755-8200 Fax: 55-11-7632-8272 CANADA Houghton Canada, Inc. 100 Symes Rd. Toronto M6P 3J5, Ont. Phone: 416/763-4691 Fax: 416-763-3167 CHINA Houghton (China) Co., Ltd. 5th Subarea, Che Gong Miao Industrial Area Shenzhen, 518048 People’s Republic of China Phone: 86-755-330-7001 Fax: 86-755-3306794 DENMARK Houghton Danmark A/S Skodsborgvej 48A DK-2830 Virum, Denmark Phone: 45-45-85-23-00 Fax: 45-45-83-12-20

GERMANY Houghton Deutschland GmbH Robert-Koch Str. 6 D-65479 Raunheim Germany Phone: 49-6142-943115 Fax: 49-61-42-943143 THE NETHERLANDS Houghton Benelux BV Energieweg 26 4906 CG Oosterhout The Netherland Phone: 31-162-458400 NORWAY Houghton Norge A.S. Haakin VII’s gt 5B 0161 Oslo NORWAY Phone: +47(0)22-86 29 86 Fax: +47(0)86 29 87 SINGAPORE Houghton Singapore 268 Orchard Road, #19-05 Singapore 238856 Phone: 65-235-1544 Fax: 65-733-4739 THAILAND Thai Houghton 1993 Co., Ltd. 77/89, 22nd Floor Sinn Sathorn Tower Krngdhonburi Road IKlongsarn, Bangkok 10600, Thailand Phone: 662-440-1262 Fax: 662-440-1267 UNITED KINGDOM Houghton plc., Beacon Road, Trafford Park Manchester M17 1AF, England Phone: 0161 874 5000 Fax: 0161 877 9764

St. John’s Newfoundland, Canada Venezuela Indonesia West Africa

CONTACT HOUGHTON OFFSHORE HOUSTON FOR DETAILS

Locations

Distribution

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Typical Physical Characteristics Cosmolubric B-220 and B-230 are the latest developments in Houghton Offshore’s line of biodegradable and fire resistant hydraulic fluids for offshore and marine applications. Cosmolubric B-220 and B-230 are vegetable oil derived fire resistant hydraulic fluid formulated with additives to enhance corrosion protection, metal passivation, and oxidative inhibition. Cosmolubric B-220 and Cosmolubric B-230 are Factory Mutual approved as less hazardous fluids.

Property Cosmolubric B-220 Cosmolubric B-230

Appearance Clear light amber Clear light amber

ISO Viscosity Grade Viscosity, SUS

46 68

@ 100°C/212°F 56 75

@ 40°C/104°F 221 308

@ 37.8°C/100°F 230 335

@ 0°C/32°F 1466 1937

Viscosity Index 202 214

Specific Gravity at 15.5°C/59.9°F

0.92 0.92

Total Acid Number - mg KOH/gm

0.7 0.9

ASTM Flash Point, C.O.C.

450°F/234°C 565°F/296°C

ASTM Fire Point, C.O.C. 550°F/288°C 650°F/342°C

ASTM Pour Point -6°F/-21°C 0°F/-18°C

Pounds per U.S. Gallon @ 60°F

7.7 7.7

Corrosion Test, ASTM D-665A

Pass Pass

Copper Strip, ASTM D-130

1A 1B

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Lubricity and Wear Testing In order to determine the lubrication properties of the hydraulic fluid, the following test methods have been utilized: Method 1 (IP 239) Shell 4 Ball Lubrication Tester Method 2 (ASTM D-2272) Oxidation Stability Test (RBOT) Method 3 (ASTM D_2882) Pump Testing

Shell 4 Ball Lubricant Tester The principal is rotation of a steel ball held in a chuck in contact with three similar balls held stationary in a cup holding the fluid under test. Load may be applied to the cup by weights on a lever arm. The top ball is rotated by a motor at 1450 - 1800 rpm. Under conditions of low load and low friction the wear causes only small smooth circular scars on the three stationery balls and a ring on the rotating ball. The diameter of these scars are slightly larger than the diameter of indentation due to the static load (the Hertz diameter). With increased load and friction the wear is increased and the conditions may arise for seizure to occur. Results: Test Load 40Kg Test Speed 1800 rpm Test Time 60 Minutes Cosmolubric B-220 Scar diameter 0.30mm Cosmolubric B-230 Scar diameter 0.30mm The precise contact conditions existing in the Four Ball configuration are rarely reproduced in practical applications. However, the test is useful for fundamental research and development work.

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Test Operation

The gear case is charged with 1200 mls of test oil (level with the shaft centerline). The temperature con-troller is then set at 90°C. During load stages one through twelve the motor is started and set to run at ap-proximately 15 minutes (21,700 revolutions). The heaters are used to maintain a minimum test oil tem-perature of 90°C/194°F at the start of each load stage beginning with load stage four. The test oil tem-perature is allowed to climb (no cooling) during each stage. Load is applied by means of the torque arm, weight, and the load clutch. Immediately after each load stage, the gears are visually inspected for dam-age without removing the gears from the gearbox. Readings are taken prior to the end of each load stage listed and s dtrip chart recorder is used to record gear oil temperature and eclectric motor speed. A summary of the test conditions is as follows:

Test Method An FZG gear oil test machine is operated at a constant speed of 1450 rpm for a duration of approximately 15 minutes each stage at successively increasing loads until the failure criteria is reached or to the final stage (twelve). At the beginning of each load stage, beginning with load stage four, the test oil tempera-ture is controlled at 90°C/194°F bulk oil temperature. The test gears used are standard FZG tooth profile “A” test gears. The gears are weighed before and after testing to determine the weight loss and gear dis-tress incurred during the test. The gear weights are reported to the nearest milligram. The gears are visually examined prior to and at the end of each load stage beginning with load stage four through load stage twelve or until the failure load stage is reached.

FZG Load Stage Gear Test

Background The transmission of power in many offshore and marine applications is accomplished through the use of geared systems. At higher operation speeds it its well known that the lubricant/additive system can be a significant factor in preventing scuffing damage to gears. This test method is used to measure the scuffing load capacity of oils used to lubricate hardened steel gears. It is primarily used to assess the resistance to scuffing of mild additive treated oils such as indus-trial gear oils, transmission fluids, and hydraulic fluids.

Bulk Oil Temperature: 90°C/194°F

Motor Revolutions Per Stage: 21,700

Electric Motor Speed: 1450 rpm

Run Time: 15 minutes

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Results

Oil Code Cosmolubric B-230

SwRI Oil Code N/A

Test No. 01-1080

Failure Load Stage >12

Pre-Stage (12) Oil Temperature 90°C/194°F

Post-Stage (12) Oil Temperature 132°C/270°F

Start of Test Date 12/24/97

End of Test Date 12/24/97

Gear Set Number 9708

Gear Side A

Average Speed 1450 rpm

Total Motor Revolutions 260,946

The operational summary and results for this test are as follows:

FZG LOAD STAGE SCUFFING

050

100150200250300350400

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

LOAD STAGE

SUM

MED

TO

TAL

WID

TH

(mm

) MAXIMUM POSSIBLESCUFFINGCOSMOLUBRIC B-230

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Oxidation Stability Test (ASTM D-2272)

Cosmolubric B-220 Cosmolubric B-230

RBOT ASTM D-2272 Life, Minutes

155 165

Federal Method 5308.6 Condition: 168 Hours 250°F % Change Vis., cSt @ 100°F

14.8

14.3

T.A.N. Change Mg KOH/gm

0.5 1.5

Sludge Nil Nil

The Rotating Bomb Oxidation Test (RBOT) (ASTM-2272) was applied with the following results:

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Pump Test Performance Pump Testing provides the most arduous conditions for the evaluation of a fluid’s lubricity.

Vickers 35VQ Vane Pump Tets

In finding the lubricity of Cosmolubric B-220 and Cosmolubric B-230, the Vickers 35VQ Vane Pump Test was utilized. This is a severe, mobile equipment wear test based on the Vickers 35VQ25 vane pump. The standard test procedure requires that the same charge of fluid be tested with satis-factory results in three successive 50-hour test runs. Total ring and vanes wear must be below 90mg in each of the three tests. Both Cosmolubric B-220 and Cosmolubric B-230 passed the Vickers 35VQ Pump Tests.

ASTM D-2882 Pump Tests

This test also measures pump wear, by determining the amount of ring loss and vane loss. Cosmolubric B-220 and Cosmolubric B-230 were tested under the following conditions: Duration 100 hrs. Temperature 66°C/150°F Pressure 2000 psi Results: Weight loss, Ring 3.1 mg Weight loss, Vane 1.9 mg Total weight loss 5.0 mg

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Pump Test Performance Pump testing provides the most arduous conditions for the evaluation of a fluids lubricity. A Vickers V-104-C pump has been used to evaluate Cosmolubric B-220 and B-230. Vickers V-104-C Test details:- Pressure 2000 psi Temperature 79°C/175°F Duration 100 hours

Condition After Test

Cosmolubric B-220 Cosmolubric B-230

Ring Loss, mg 1 3

Vane Loss, mg 2 2

Total Loss, mg 3 5

Wear Rate, mg/hr 0.03 0.05

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Metals Compatibility Metals: Carbon Steel Compatible Copper and Brass Compatible Bronze Marginal* Aluminum Bronze Compatible Tin Compatible Zinc Compatible Nickel Compatible Swedish Iron Compatible Tungsten Carbide with Cobalt Matrix Compatible Aluminum Compatible Titanium Compatible * Bronze with lead content over 20% limited to 49°C/120°F Stainless Steels: SS 23 Compatible SS 17-4PH Compatible SS 17-7PH Compatible SS 303 Compatible SS 304 Compatible SS 316 Compatible SS 316L Compatible SS 430FR Compatible SS 440B Hardened Compatible SS 440C Compatible Super Duplex Steel 2507 Compatible Duplex Stainless Steel Compatible Stainless Steel Alloy: Monel 400 x K500 Compatible Inconnell 750 Compatible Inconnell S25 Compatible Inconnell 825 Compatible Hastelloy Compatible Elgiloy UNS R30003 Compatible Sandvik 2507 Alloy Compatible

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Seals Materials

Seal material properties can vary within a classification depending upon compounding techniques. Compounding can enhance or diminish various properties and characteristics. Rubber Compounds (Elastomeric Seal Materials): Natural Compatible Neoprene Not compatible Nitrile Compatible Butyl Not compatible Ethylene Propylene Not compatible Polyurethane Compatible Silicone Compatible Silicone 8870 Compatible Viton Compatible Teflon Compatible Chemraz Compatible Nylon Compatible PTFE Compatible

Filters Filter media will generally be suitable for use with Cosmolubric B-220 or Cosmolubric B-230 providing they are suitable for use with petroleum based hydraulic fluids. Filters: Fiberglass Compatible Cellulose Compatible Phenolic Resin Compatible Plastics: Acrylic (includes perspex) Compatible Styrene Compatible Epoxy Compatible Paints and Finishes: Common Industrial Oil Resistant Compatible Epoxy Compatible Phenolic Compatible Vitreous Enamel Compatible Xylan Coatings Compatible Internal surfaces of hydraulic systems including holding tanks should not be painted or zinc coated.

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Toxicity Tests These tests measure the capacity of the total formulation to reduce growth or kill selected marine species. The results are given in mg/l which represents the amount required to kill or reduce growth by 50%. Test Results for Cosmolubric B-Series: OECD 301B Ready Biodegradability Modified Sturm Test This test is applicable to samples that are insoluble in water. A minimum of 60% of the sample must be converted to carbon dioxide within 28 days. Both Cosmolubric B-220 and Cosmolubric B-230 readily pass this test. LC50 Test Results The median lethal concentration (LC50) test was done on both pimephales promalas (fathead min-now larvae) and A. bohia (mycid shrimp). The results are as follows: Pimephales promalas—0% mortality in a 2.0% solution LC50 / EC50 is greater than 2% A. bahia (mycid shrimp) - 96-hour LC50 is 399,800. Both results show readily biodegradability and very low toxicity. Cosmolubric B-220 and Cosmolubric B-230 do not cause an oil sheen and are not considered a marine pollutant.

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Quality Assurance

BS EN ISO 9001

Houghton International were registered for BS5750 on 13 May 1991. Certification was amended on 1 February 1995 to operate a quality management system which complies with the requirements of BS EN ISO 9001. The scope of registration includes the design, manufacture and supply of specialty oil and chemical products for Metal Cutting, Metal Forming, Heat Treatment, Surface Treatment, Hydraulic Fluids and Lubricants and Processing Chemicals for the Manufacturing Industries and Analytical Services. The activities of this scope are included within the following standard Industrial Classification Code for which BSI QA is accredited by NACCB. SIC 1402 Processing, Blending and Compounding of Oils and Greases SIC 2567 Miscellaneous Chemicals for Industrial use

BS EN ISO 14001 (Environment) Houghton International have been accredited with ISO 14001 for Environmental Management System. This has been achieved in order to assure compliance with our stated Environmental Policy and to demonstrate compliance to others.

Houghton Offshore Environmental Policy Houghton Offshore is a member of the worldwide group of companies dedicated to the development, supply and maintenance of high quality specialty industrial fluids and lubricants to the industry. The company is committed to providing products and services which comply with all Health and Safety and Environmental Regulations.

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Product Data Sheet and Material Safety Data Sheet

Enclosed overleaf