In Paris there is a daily clandestine trade in horse-flesh, both for the restaurants, who serve it as fillet of venison; and for the poor, who in that case pay for it more than its real market-value as meat.

HOUSEHOLD WORDS. A WEEKLY JOURNAL

CONDUCTED BY CHARLES DICKENS SATURDAY, APRIL 19, 1856 PRICE 2d

HORSE-EATINGVOL XIII 317

And what prevents it? Prejudice, and nothing else! The same prejudice which makes the English refuse to taste frogs and escargots, though both are esteemed and expensive dishes on the continent.

A possible result of the clandestine sale is, that glandered horses may be brought to market….but by a public and open sale, under the same authorised inspection as is exercised at the abattoirs, all danger of the kind is avoided.

Glanders Burkholderia malleiLast UK case 1938,untreated mortality 95%

But Trichinella Horse meat, Europe, 3350 cases & 14 outbreaks in last 30 years Commission Regulation EC 2075/2005

£47.5m ‘black fish’ scam

Pelagic skippers, most from Symbister Shetland Catch, Lerwick Wendy house - the ‘private pelagic pipe’

Forensic accountants

Serene LK 297 Built Norway, 2009

2751 tons 71.3m

Cutty Sark Built Dumbarton, 1869

963 tons 65m

China Melamine The ‘iron tailed horse’ again

Scotland Whiting transformed into Haddock Beef transformed into Lamb

Andrew Wynter, 1855‘To such a pitch of refinement has the art of falsification of alimentary substances reached, that the very articles used to adulterate are adulterated, and while one tradesman is picking the pockets of his customers a still more cunning rogue is, unknown to himself, deep in his own!’

Cup of Coffee In the coffee Chickory In the ChickoryRoast acorns, roast dog biscuits, baked horse liver powder. In the milk 25% product of the ‘iron tailed cow’.

Pennington Group Central Recommendations

HACCP should be adopted by all food businesses to ensure food safety (implemented January 2006)

Pending implementation, selective licensing of butchers should be introduced (Prerequisites: separation of raw

and cooked meats, training of staff, HACCP).

Implemented October 2000 (Scotland), November 2000 (England), December 2000 (Wales)

Groundhog Day is a 1993 comedy filmdirected by Harold Ramis, starringBill Murray and Andie MacDowell.

In the film, Murray plays Phil Connors,an egocentric Pittsburgh TV weathermanwho, during a hated assignment coveringthe annual Groundhog Day event(February 2) in Punxsutawney,finds himself repeating the same dayover and over again. After indulging inall manner of hedonistic pursuits, hebegins to re-examine his life & priorities.

HACCP = Safety Case

‘A structured and documented body of evidence that provides a convincing and valid argument

that a system is adequately safe for a given application in a given environment’

What could go wrong? How bad could it be? What has been done about it? What if it happens?

Nimrod

Safety Case process fatally undermined by the assumption that it was ‘safe anyway’ because it had flown successfully for 30 years.

Nimrod

Financial pressures and cuts drove a cascade of multifarious organisational changes, which led to a dilution of the airworthiness regime and culture in the MOD and distraction from safety and airworthiness issues as the top priority.

Latent Conditions

• Shortfalls in training

• Inadequate equipment

• Bad practices

Reports on Crowd Safety & Controlat Football Grounds

Shortt 1924 Disorder at 1923 Cup Final

Moelwyn Hughes 1946 Bolton. Overcrowding. 33 Deaths

Chester 1966

Harrington 1968

Lang 1969

Wheatley 1977 Ibrox. 66 Deaths

McElhone 1977

Popplewell 1986 Bradford. Fire. 56 Deaths

Taylor 1989 Hillsborough. 95 Crushed to Death

‘Unless we announce disasters, no one will listen’.

Never said by Sir John Houghton in his 1994 book ‘Global Warming’.

‘It is time to close the books on infectious disease’.

Never said in the 1960s by the US Surgeon General, William Stewart.

‘Elementary, my dear Watson’.

Never said by Sherlock Holmes.