how can consumers help minimize waste in the food supply...

How can consumers help minimize waste in the food supply chain

Emel AktasZ Topaloglu, T van ‘t Wout, A Oledinma,Z Irani, A Sharif, S Huda,

6 May 2016

PresentedatPOMS27th AnnualConference,Orlando,FL.May6- 92016

ThispublicationwasmadepossiblebyNPRPgrant#[NPRP7-1103-5-156]fromtheQatarNationalResearchFund(amemberofQatarFoundation).Thestatementsmadehereinaresolelytheresponsibilityoftheauthors.

Agenda§ Key Definitions § Background on Qatar § SAFE-Q Project Overview § Literature Review§ Methodology§ Preliminary Findings§ Conclusion and

Future Work

© Cranfield University 2

Key Definitions

§ Food Loss: decrease in quantity or quality of food.

§ Food waste: removal from the Food Supply Chain of food which is fit for consumption, or which has spoiled or expired, mainly due to§ economic behaviour, § poor stock management or § neglect.


Source:FAO,2014.DefinitionalFrameworkofFoodLoss.http://www.fao.org/3/a-at144e.pdf

Costs of Food Waste

© Cranfield University 4Source:https://twitter.com/FAOnews/status/712735734340444161

LossofWetlandsIncreasedFoodPrices

ClearedForests

ClimateChangeDamages

ErodedLandGHGEmissions

LossofBiodiversityIncreasedWaterScarcity

Country Info and Food Profile


§ Area: 4468 sq mi (11,586 km2) § Compare: Orlando: 4,012 sq mi (10,390 km2)

§ Climate: arid with mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

§ Population (2016 est.): 2,545,603§ Doha (capital) 956,460

§ GDP (2014 est.): $298.4 billion (49th)§ GDP per Capita (2014 est.): $145,894 (1st)§ Human Development Index (2014): 0.850 (very high, 32nd)

Source:AOAD2013,ArabAgriculturalStatisticsYearBook,Alpen Capital,CIRSGeorgetownUniversity,Qatar.

Source:GoogleMaps

Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar, date retrieved: 10Apr16

90%exported

Food Availability in Qatar


§ Imports > 90% of food consumed in country

Source:http://thepeninsulaqatar.com/news/qatar/210036/saudi-export-ban-triggers-egg-shortage-fears

Efforts to improve food security


Source:http://dohanews.co/expert-to-improve-food-security-gcc-should-reduce/

Sourcehttp://www.crikey.com.au/2011/06/16/foreign-ownership-of-aussie-land-the-peril-of-selling-the-farm/

http://www.bq-magazine.com/economy/2013/12/land-grabbing-food-security-future-challenges-qatar

agricultural overseas projects in Cambodia, Philippines, Pakistan, Indonesia and Vietnam.

Food security

Food security exists “when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life”.

World Food Summit, 1996


Pillars of food security

§ Food availability: sufficient quantities of food available on a consistent basis

§ Food access: having sufficient resources to obtain appropriate foods for a nutritious diet

§ Food use: appropriate use based on knowledge of basic nutrition and care, as well as adequate water and sanitation

§ Stability of the above


Food security & SAFE-Q


Qatar: The Food Waste Situation


Source:https://twitter.com/Baladiya1/status/712204321954385920 The mountain of condemned food is equivalent to the weight of more than 10 fully-loaded Toyota Land Cruisers.

Scope of SAFE-Q


Wasteatthisstageisgeneratedbydifferentcausesincludingbutnotlimitedtopurchasers’qualitystandards,weatherconditions, storageissues,etc.Similarconsiderationsapplyforprocessingwherethenatureofthetransformationprocess,qualityassuranceandotherfactorsmayaffectwastagegeneration.However,thispartofthesupplychainisnotaddressedintheproject.

Consumers’purchasehabits,availablestoragefacilityandoriginalqualityofthepurchasedfoodlargelyaffectthequantityofgeneratedwaste.

Thecoldchain,transportconditions,qualitydegradationoftheproductduringtransportdue totheelapsedtimeandtransportconditionsinfluencethewastegenerationinthisstage.

Mostofthefoodwasteisgeneratedduringsomestoragephaseintheprocess.Interruption inthecoldchainarenotoriouscasesofwastage,butpoorhandlingofthegoodsalsosubstantiallycontribute towastagegeneration.

Production

Processing

Transport

Consumption

Wastage

Storage

Distribution

Literature review § Estimated that over half of the municipal waste contains food in Qatar

(The Peninsula, 2013)§ No previous in depth studies conducted on consumer food waste in

Qatar.

In literature, causes of food waste at the demand side, included issues related to e.g.:

§ Purchase and storage § Packaging§ Planning§ Labelling§ Preparation and cooking of food § Portion and plate size § Consumer views, habits, values and practices § Lack of awareness and undervaluation of food§ Socio-economic factors


SAFE-Q methodology

2015 2016 2017

14

Workshop Methodology

1. Discussion in groups2. Using post-its to

denote causes of food waste

3. Prioritising elicited causes

4. Identifying causes under the PESTLE categorisation


Interview Methodology

§ Semi-structured interviews with participants on § demand side§ supply side§ governmental organisations and § nongovernmental organisations


Datacollectionfrominterviews

Dataanalysis:elicitationof

causes

Datasynthesis:elicitation of

cause-effectmaps

Causes Identified during Interviews by Participants


PoorPlanning TransportationDamagesPortionSize OversupplyCulture LifestyleBuyingandstoringmorethannecessary LabelingPurchasingHabits CookingaccidentsOpenBuffet Stockcontrol(includingrotation)QualityofFood(freshness) ShelflifemanagementExpiryDate Portcapacity(andassociateddelays)Packaging NothavingausefortheleftoverPromotions/Discounts(cheaptobuymore) FreeFoodTaste DemanduncertaintyEvents(partiesetc.) FoodregulationsRefrigeration/Temperaturemanagement ConsumerEducation/Awareness

Foodpreparation(trimming)Marketingeffortsencouragingpeopletobuymore

Convenience FussyEater(Utilisation aspect)Storage(facilities,knowledge) HealthandSafetyRegulations

Preliminary Cause-Effect Map


FoodWaste

PortionSize

Promotions

HospitalityBuyingHabits

Ramadan

OpenBuffet

Neglect

Events

Planning

Packaging

Lifestyle

TemperatureShelf life/expirydate

Storage

Sprouting /Overripefruitsandvegetables

Nooption touseleft-overs

Conclusions


§ Waste in food supply chains is a complex problem§ Multiple stakeholders and different worldviews§ Environmental conditions§ Policies around food waste attitudes, behaviour and

practices§ Future work

§ Validation of the causes and interrelations among them§ Development of a Bayesian Causal Map for policy

analysis§ Risk assessment of particular policies on food supply

chains

Thank you

Questions / Comments?


[email protected]

@emelaktas

http://uk.linkedin.com/in/emelaktas/

https://blogs.commons.georgetown.edu/safeq/

how can consumers help minimize waste in the food supply...

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