how computer work

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How Computer work Human heads. Machine TV. What is compute

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Page 1: How Computer work

How Computer work

•Human heads.•Machine TV.•What is compute

Page 2: How Computer work

Human heads.

• inside many heads,  there are two kinds of knowledge; the memory work kind of knowledge and the logical kind of knowledge.  

Page 3: How Computer work

Module 1 - Basic Concepts of IT

• Hardware

• Software

• Information TechnologyPeople working with computer often refer to their job as (working in IT)

• Types Of ComputerMainframe-Personal Computer-MAC-Network Computers-Laptop

/Notebook/Palmtop-Personal Digital Assistance (PAD)

Page 4: How Computer work

Main Parts Of Personal Computer

• The System Unit• Mother Board• The CPU Central Processing Unit• Memory

RAM ROM (BIOS)

Responsible for coping operating system software in to ram When computer is switched on.

• Serial port• Parallel Port• Universal Serial Bus USB

Page 5: How Computer work

Turn on your computer

Page 6: How Computer work

Inside your home

• Input and OutputInput is the flow from you to the device.

Output is the flow of information to you.

• Types of memory– ROM– RAM

– R/W

Page 7: How Computer work

Central Processing Unit

Arithmetic Operations

Logic Operations

ALUArithmetic Logic Unit

Page 8: How Computer work

Arithmetic Operations

Page 9: How Computer work

Logic OperationsOR AND

Page 10: How Computer work

Memory

• RAM – Random Access Memory

• ROM – Read Only Memory

• BIOS : Basic Input Output System

• R/W memory– Drives : HDD, CD Drive, Flash Memory …etc.

Read Only MemoryBut Microsoft describes it as I/O device

Page 11: How Computer work

Hard drives

• Hard disk driveMagnetic recording

• Compact diskLight Reflection

• Flash memoryElectronic switches

(Transistors)

• Disk Format

Page 12: How Computer work

Video Memory Chip

Page 13: How Computer work

The International System of Units

BIT Binary Information Technology

Byte Binary Yoked Transfer Element

Kilobyte 1000 byte

Megabyte

Gigabyte

Terabyte……??

Page 14: How Computer work

Computer Performance

• CPU clock speed• RAM size• The number of application running• Free Hard Disk space• De-Fragmenting

Page 15: How Computer work

Computer Devices I/P devices ,O/P devices & I/O devices

• The mouse • The keyboard• CD Drive• DVD Drive• Floppy Disk• Hard Disk• The Monitor• Sound Card• Speaker • Modems• Printers• Scanners

Page 16: How Computer work

Keyboard Typewriter

The invention of the modern computer keyboard began with the invention of

the typewriter

Page 17: How Computer work

scanner

•Scan picture •Scan text

OCR Optical Character Recognition

Page 18: How Computer work

Monitor

Screen sizeGraphics for games

Projection

Page 19: How Computer work

Audio taps

• Each one of the songs represents a file.• Each song file has a title,  a length and a location. • It is a file of audio information that can be

understood and turned into music by stereo player.• we classify songs as rock,  classic ,pop and so on.

Page 20: How Computer work

Files

• Each computer file has a title,  a length and a location.

• We cannot make use of the contents of a computer file without :– A computer.– Program to understand this file.

• We classify computer files as graphics files,  text files ,picture files and so on.

Page 21: How Computer work

Computer FilesName What's inside

. *com A program

. *exe A program

bat. * A program

txt. * Text

GIF-JPG-JPEG-PNG-BMP

Graphical information

htm. * Textual information

*.mp3 `Audio information

flv,mpg,asf,rmvb Video information

Page 22: How Computer work

Directories (folders)

c\ program filesC:\Documents and Settings\saw\My Documents

Page 23: How Computer work

Records

Database

Field (1)Field (1)Field (1)Field (1)

Data Data Data Data

Data Data Data Data

Record

Page 24: How Computer work

Printers

• Types– Laser printer– Color laser printer

• High quality -fast -high cost

– Inkjet printer• (Spray) High quality-quiet

– Dot matrix printer• High volume -low quality-noisy

– Plotters

• Printer memory

Page 25: How Computer work

Input/output devices

• Hard disk– Very fast – high capacity – cheap.

• CD– Much slower than hard disk-capacity around 650MB-

inexpensive.

• DVD– Much faster than CD – up to 17 GB-cost higher than

CD.

• External hard disk– Normal speed – high capacity-expensive.

Page 26: How Computer work

Operating System (OS)DOS

Win 3.1

Win 95

WIN 98

WIN 2000

WIN ME

WIN XP

WIN VISTA

WIN 7

Page 27: How Computer work

GUI• Advantages of GUI

– Easy to use.– Application program work in the same way.– Allow programmers to write software.

Page 28: How Computer work

Application program

– Word– Excel– Access– Power point– Accounts (repetitive operations) – Web browsing– Web authoring (Front page)

Page 29: How Computer work

System development cycle

Page 30: How Computer work

Network

• LAN – Local area network

• WAN– Wide area network (the hole world)

Page 31: How Computer work

Local Area Network (LAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Page 32: How Computer work

Clint- Server

Resources in the server

Workgroup Groups Of People are work together

Sharing information & special kind of devices

Page 33: How Computer work

Workgroup Network

Disadvantages of work group1- sharing too many files may result slow down your computer2-Weak security system3-with full access permission you may lose your data

Advantages of work group1- No need for a network administrator2-Less chance of major distribution3-Cost saving

Page 34: How Computer work

Internet & Extranet

• An internet -uses internet technology for connecting individuals such as

people in organization with each other and let them search for data or sending mails.

-Main program on server and single software on each individual computer.-This computers connected together using communication equipment.-It was in US military.

• Extranet like an internet but it's allow outside people gainlimited access to information held on a companynetwork.

Page 35: How Computer work

The Internet

• Global network for interconnected network• Huge amount of information• Easy way for publishing materials

Page 36: How Computer work

World Wide Web & Internet

• The internet relates to all hardware & software involved FTP (file transfer protocol).

• World Wide Web is a part of internet, simply it’s the text and pictures you view using your web browser

Internet World Wide Web

Page 37: How Computer work

• PSTNPublic switched Telephone NetworkTraditional copper weir technology Transmit analog voice

• PSDNPublic switched data network

• ICDNIntegrated Service Digital NetworkMuch faster than modems

Telephone Network

Page 38: How Computer work

Public switched Telephone Network

Page 39: How Computer work

Public switched data network

Page 40: How Computer work

Integrated Service Digital Network

Page 41: How Computer work

Integrated service digital network

• ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)

– Much faster• Receive at speed of 0.5 to 8 MBPS

– Down stream

• Send at speed of 16 to 640 KBPS– Up stream

• DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

Page 42: How Computer work

Digital VS Analogue

Page 43: How Computer work

Modems

• Modulate Demodulate– Converting data at the end which can used by the

reviving computer.

• Bound Rate– How fast a modem can send data

Page 44: How Computer work

IT In Our Life• Repetitive tasks• Easily automated tasks• Mathematical calculations• Dangerous situations• Doctor ,Money, creation• Recognize elements

– Computer just have photographic image

Page 45: How Computer work

Uses of Computer

• Government• Business • Tele working

– People are connected to the rest of organizations via network.

• Education– Internet as knowledge resource– Distance learning

Page 46: How Computer work

Electronic World

• E-Mail (Electronic Mail )

– Allows people to send data (text, pictures,…etc).

– Its required both computers connected to the internet.

• E-Commerce – Buying or selling via the internet.

• E-Banking– Manage your money online instead of having to go to local bank

branch.

– You can pay your pills ,move your money from one place to another.

Moony 2099

Page 47: How Computer work

Health & Safety• Chair• Screen • Keyboard

Security

• Information secularity.• Password.

Things computer like

• Good ventilation.• Clean environment.• Stable, vibration free surface.

Page 48: How Computer work

Translation

Page 49: How Computer work

END Of Session One

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