How do we manage earthquake hazards?

Three main choices:

• Do nothing – accept hazard• Adjust to living in hazardous place , get

insurance, strengthen your home and prepare• Leave the area

Check for Hazards in the Home

Disaster kit……

What other preparations does the video mention?

Earthquake proof buildingsUse of foundations with rubber layers allows buildings to easily move by up to several inches and absorb sideways movement. These are called base isolators.

Cross bracing. This allows buildings to twist on their foundations and not collapse.

Base isolators

When a building is built away (isolated) from the ground

It will only move a little or not at all during an earthquake instead of moving with the ground

Use a roof counterweight on the building. When the building moves one way, the counterweight moves the other way and keeps it upright!!

Taipei Tower: The 508m (1,667-foot) Taipei 101 Tower would sway back and forth up to 60cm (2

feet) each way within five seconds.

The Taipei 101 engineers included a 662 tonne (730-ton) counter giant pendulum to act as a

counter weight.

Buildings designed and constructed in regular patterns – square, rectangular, cuboid or even triangular – have the ability reduce seismic forces spreading the shaking equally through the whole building.

Irregular-shaped buildings distribute earthquake forces in such a completely random and uneven fashion that building collapse is virtually inevitable.

Ensure all part of a building a firmly attached to each other eg. The house to the foundation and the roof to the building

Will building reinforcements

work for all countries?

To a certain extent: yes!

Simple design for LICs

Adjustment to hazard: Earthquake proof buildings

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=lI1M8o0BHPc

• In a high rise building shock waves increase as they move ________________

• Buildings that are close together _________ vibrations

• ________ parts of a building are when different parts meet

• ____________ soil or weak rock cause problems with foundations

• _____________ strengthens a building and _______________ separate it from the shaking ground

Amplify

Base isolators

Weakest

Upwards

Soft

Cross bracing

Task• Design a earthquake proof building• Your building should take into consideration

design, construction and geology• Pick between 6-8 characteristics • Draw your building at the centre of your page. • Label your building to describe the

characteristics you’ve chosen and explain why you’ve included them.

Pick between 5-10 characteristics from the list below

Triangular shape

Square shape Circular shape X bracing

Short building Tall building Base isolators K bracing

Counter-weights

Shock absorbers

Fixed base No bracing

Steel Concrete Stone Wood

Glass Bricks Plastic Tiles

Sand Soft mud Hard bedrock Reclaimed land

Steep Slope Flat land Near a fault line

Away from a fault

Peer Assessment

- One positive comment – what did they do really well?

- One improvement – what could they do better?

Write your comments neatly!

Aim: To understand adjustment to an earthquake

Design a earthquake proof building

Your building should take into consideration design, construction and geology

Pick between 5-10 characteristics

Draw your building at the centre of your page. Label your building to describe the characteristics you’ve chosen and explain why you’ve included them.

Triangular shape

Square shape Circular shape X bracing

Short building Tall building Base isolators K bracing

Counter-weights Shock absorbers

Fixed base No bracing

Steel Concrete Paper Wood

Glass Bricks Plastic Tiles

Sand Soft mud Hard bedrock Reclaimed land

Steep Slope Flat land Near a fault line Away from a fault