how has the membership of the united states supreme court changed to become more diverse over time?
DESCRIPTION
How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?. The membership of the United States Supreme Court has included women and minorities, such as Sandra Day O’Connor, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and Clarence Thomas. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?
![Page 3: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• The membership of the United States Supreme Court has included women and minorities, such as Sandra Day O’Connor, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and Clarence Thomas.
• The civil rights movement of the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s provided a model that other groups have used to extend civil rights and promote equal justice.
![Page 4: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Sandra Day O’Connor
• Sandra Day O’Connor was the first woman to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
• Appointed by Reagan, 1981• Served until 2005
![Page 5: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Ruth Ginsberg
• Second female Supreme Court Justice, appointed by Clinton in 1993
![Page 6: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Clarence Thomas
• Second African American to serve as Supreme Court Justice (Thurgood Marshall was the first)
• Nominated by George H.W. Bush
![Page 7: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• How have the decisions of the United States Supreme Court promoted equality and extended civil liberties?
![Page 8: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• The United States Supreme Court protects the individual rights enumerated in the Constitution of the United States.
• The United States Supreme Court identifies a constitutional basis for a right to privacy that is protected from government interference.
• The United States Supreme Court invalidates legislative acts and executive actions that the justices agree exceed the authority granted to government officials by the Constitution of the United States.
![Page 9: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• What immigrant groups account for the bulk of immigration?
• What factors have drawn immigrants to the United States?
![Page 10: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Immigration to the United States has increased from many diverse countries, especially Asian and Latin American countries.
• Reasons for immigration– Political freedom– Economic opportunity
![Page 11: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• What issues are currently being debated related to immigration to the United States?
![Page 12: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Issues related to immigration policy– Strain on government services– Filling low-paying jobs in the United States– Border issues– Pathway to citizenship– Bilingual education– Increasing cultural diversity
![Page 13: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• What are some contributions made by immigrants?
![Page 14: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Contributions of immigrants– Diversity in music, the visual arts, and literature– Roles in the labor force– Achievements in science, engineering, and other
fields
![Page 15: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• How has the accessibility to improved technology and communications affected American culture?
![Page 16: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Space Program
• In the early 1960s, President Kennedy pledged increased support for the American space program.
• The race to the moon continued through the 1960s.• U.S. astronaut John Glenn was the first American to orbit
the Earth. • In 1969, Neil Armstrong was the first person to step onto
the moon’s surface. – “That’s one small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.”
• Sally Ride was the first female American astronaut.
![Page 17: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Sally Ride
• Sally Ride was the first female astronaut in the United States.
• Joined NASA, 1978• Goes into space, 1983• Two Soviet women had done so
already (1982, 1963)• Rode the Challenger• Preparing for her third flight when
Challenger exploded 73 sec into flight (1986)
![Page 18: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
John Glenn
• USMC pilot, served WWII & Korean War• First American to orbit Earth; third American in
space• John Glenn became the first American to orbit the
Earth, aboard Friendship 7 on February 20, 1962, circling the globe three times during a flight lasting 4 hours, 55 minutes, and 23 seconds
• Retires, and becomes US Senator (Ohio) 1974-1999
![Page 19: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Neil Armstrong
• In 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong was the first person to step onto the moon’s surface
• “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”
![Page 20: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Neil Armstrong
• Armstrong – Naval Officer, Korean War• Joined NASA, 1962• Apollo 11 – moon landing, 1969, Armstrong
and Buzz Aldrin • Died in August, 2012 at 82
![Page 21: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Examples of technological advances• Space exploration– Space shuttle– Mars rover– Voyager missions– Hubble telescope– Communications
![Page 22: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Examples of technological advances
• Space Exploration– Space Shuttle – piloted directly
by humans, not machines– Used from 1981 to 2011,
135 missions– Only three shuttles exist (Discovery, Endeavor,
Atlantis; Challenger & Columbia both exploded)
![Page 23: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Examples of technological advances
• Space Exploration– Mars Rover – robotic
device that can be placed on Mars to examine the surface/atmosphere
![Page 25: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Examples of technological advances
• Space Exploration– Voyager Missions – two unmanned missions to
send satellites into space to study Jupiter & Saturn
– June 15 2012, Voyager 1 is close to leaving Solar System –furthest manmade object from Earth
![Page 26: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Examples of technological advances
• Space Exploration– Hubble Telescope – carried into
orbit by Space Shuttle, 1990– 43 feet long! – Been in space for over 22 years
![Page 27: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Examples of technological advances
• Communications– Satellite
• makes world “smaller” – you can know what’s going on in different parts of world instantly; world is more in touch with each other
– Global Positioning System (GPS)• Huge impact on travel; military; navigation
– Personal Communications Devices• Easier to communicate with people from far away in
many formats; makes world ‘smaller’• Can video chat from half a world away
• Robotics
![Page 29: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
• Changes in work, school, and health care in recent decades– Telecommuting– Online course work– Growth of service industries– Breakthroughs in medical research, including
improved medical diagnostic and imaging technologies
– Outsourcing and offshoring
![Page 30: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Changes in work/school/health care
• Telecommuting – Do not commute to a central work place (work
from home via internet, online capabilities)– Becoming more and more common
• Distance learning– Learning from outside of a classroom (online
course work)• Growth of Service industries– People provide service, not a product
![Page 31: How has the membership of the United States Supreme Court changed to become more diverse over time?](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062815/568168d3550346895ddfc40b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Changes in work/school/health care
• Breakthroughs in medical research, including the development of the vaccine for polio by Dr. Jonas Salk
• Until 1955, when the Salk vaccine was introduced, polio was considered the most frightening public health problem of the post-war United States.
• 1952- worst outbreak – 58,000 cases reported
• 3,145 people died and 21,269 were left with mild to disabling paralysis, with most of its victims being children
• FDR – most well known victim of polio in the world