AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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Hodder Education Revision Lessons

Answering the ‘Inference’source question

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AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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Your sister gets on Valentine’s Day – from the same

boy:• a dozen red roses• a huge card which says: ‘Hi, funny face’• a diamond ring inscribed: ‘Sexy lips’.

What is he saying to her?

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Principles

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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At one level, he seems to be saying that she has

sexy lips and a funny face …

But those words, and the gifts, are obviously

saying so much more …

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Principles

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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• ‘Funny face’ shows he finds her cute.• ‘Sexy lips’ shows he enjoys kissing her.• Red roses are a message of love.• The ring indicates that he wants to get engaged.

These messages were not explicit, but you

INFERRED them from the gifts.

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Principles

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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You answer the ‘Inference’ question

in much the same way!

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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You are going to get a question which gives you a

source and then asks: ‘What does this source suggest about [a

topic]?’

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Note that you must make an especial note of the ‘topic’ you are being asked about.

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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For example:

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Although the Russian government called up millions of men, they were badly trained and prepared. By 1917, discipline had broken down, and soldiers were deserting or refusing to obey orders.

‘What does this source suggest about the government of Nicholas II in Russia?’

Note that it is asking you to say things about the government of Nicholas II

(i.e. not about the war or the army).

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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The mark scheme says that this is how you are going to earn the 4 marks for this question:

• You get up to 2 marks by extracting surface

statements explicit in the source.• You get up to 2 further marks by identifying

inferences in the source.

Note that you will only get any marks if you identify surface statements and inferences about the stated topic.

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AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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You are advised to spend

7 minutes maximum

on this question.

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AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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So, let’s begin …

Although the Russian government called up

millions of men, they were badly trained and

prepared. By 1917, discipline had broken

down, and soldiers were deserting or refusing

to obey orders.

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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continue

Start by identifying two ‘surface statements’ about Nicholas II’s government, for example:It called up millions

of menIt trained and prepared

them badly

These will give you the basic first 2 marks.

Although the Russian government called up

millions of men, they were badly trained and

prepared. By 1917, discipline had broken

down, and soldiers were deserting or refusing

to obey orders.

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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Although the Russian government called up

millions of men, they were badly trained and

prepared. By 1917, discipline had broken

down, and soldiers were deserting or refusing

to obey orders. Click to

continue

Note …

It will not score you any marks.

Why is ‘soldiers were deserting’ not a valid answer?

It is not about the government of Nicholas II.

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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Although the Russian government called up

millions of men, they were badly trained and

prepared. By 1917, discipline had broken

down, and soldiers were deserting or refusing

to obey orders. Click to

continue

Now suggest two ‘inferences’ you can make about the government of Nicholas II:

This suggests it was losing its authority

This suggests it was incompetent

These will earn the 2 marks for making inferences.

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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Although the Russian government called up

millions of men, they were badly trained and

prepared. By 1917, discipline had broken

down, and soldiers were deserting or refusing

to obey orders. Click to

continue

Can you suggest any other inferences?

This suggests people were becoming fed up with it

This suggests it was losing control

(Only needed if your inference ideas are weak.)

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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Write your essay, remembering to:• provide two explicit ‘surface statements’ about

the government of Nicholas II

and: • add two or three inferences about the

government of Nicholas II.

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So …

AQA (B) GCSE Modern World History

Unit 2 Depth Study 1 Lesson 1

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• provide two examples of explicit, ‘surface

statements’ about the government of Nicholas II?

• add two or three inferences about the government of Nicholas II?

Peer-assess each other’s essays. Did they: