how to design a gravity flow water system
TRANSCRIPT
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o
Fro`tp Aciv Votkr\p|tkn
Thri{fh virgkd kxkrl`|k|
A`r|t Kd`t`ie%
Dklknbkr 2::0%
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn
Thri{fh virgkd kxkrl`|k|
A`r|t Kd`t`ie%
Dklknbkr 2::0%
@\BE= 068.84.1?4.:;
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@edkx
?% @etrid{lt`ie ?
?%? Vhot di @ b{`cd9 @| `t fi`ef ti virg9 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%??%2 \ink c`n`tot`ie| %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%??%< Hiv `t| irfoe`|kd %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%2?%4 Virg`ef i{t thk {e`t| oed oi`d`ef n`|togk| %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ?n%
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?4 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Vhot `| thk hkod ci|| `e ;gn ia HDZK z`zk ia 1 6;n%
Vhot `| thk hkod ci|| `e o ZQL z`zk ia ?: bor# vhkrk thk a`r|t ;::n
ork ??:nn# oed thk a`eoc ?%?2;n
\klied rkolh 0:nn= D0: >:%< gn - 1%; ngn > ?%0;n
DTitoc > ?%?2;n ' ?%0;n >
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn ?6
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
?% Ciig ot thk ZQL tobck|% Thkrk| ei oc{k thot| |{aa`l`ketcp lci|k= `t| k`thkr
;%62< c| ir 1%6? c|%
2% [|`ef thk airn{co pi{ loe virg i{t thk hkod ci||=
`ea|{z
`ea
`ea|{z
`ea
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__
MM
MM xx
>
62 ?; ' (2:.?;) (1 ;%62
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22 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Th`| `| thk frozh ia kxkrl`|k 8 vh`lh pi{k m{|t diek=
Thk hpdro{c`l frodk c`ek (HFC arin eiv ie) rkzrk|ket| thk kekrfp thk votkr ho|% @t
|tortkd v`th 1: nktkr| ia kekrfp# occ ia vh`lh ork d{k ti thk kckot`ie% Thk zrk||{rk ot
oep zort`l{cor zi`et `| thk d`aakrkelk bktvkke thk hpdro{c`l frodk c`ek oed thkkckot`ie ia thk tkrro`e `t|kca%
O| kekrfp `| ci|t d{k ti ar`lt`ie `e thk z`zkc`ek# thk HFC bkf`e| ti `elc`ek% Th`| `elc`ek
`| thk M pi{ hok locl{cot`ef |i aor% @e thk a`r|t rkolh ia 0:nn z`zk# {z {et`c `t rkd{lk|
ot 084n# thk ar`lt`ieoc ci|| vo| 0 ngn% Oatkr thot# `t `elc`ek| a{rthkr v`th thk rkd{lt`ie
ti 1
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 2 D
4 ngn - x ' :%6 ngn (4 .x) > (
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1%; ngn
K > ?:2n 1%; ngn - ? gn > 0;%;n Z`zk o ??:nn%
;% Z`zk k=
Mnox > (0;%;n 8?n .?:n ) :%0 gn > ; ngn
M1 6%; ngn M0:# ?%; c| > ?%4 ngn (linb`eot`ie ia z`zk| ekkdkd)
M1 (0;%; .?: .8?)n
1%?x ' ?%21 > 4%;n
1%?x > ;
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 4?
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
thoe thk n`e`n{n zrk||{rk air {egeive|% @a `t `| `nzrolt`loc ti hok `t obik ?;n ot
|ink zi`et# thke ?:n `| ollkztobck%
RKOLH OThk z`zk o ho| ti troe|zirt 0 c|% Ot zi`et ?# thk kckot`ie `| ?#8;2n# krp lci|k ti thot
ia thk |i{rlk| A? (?#841n) oed A< (?#8;:n)% Vk ekkd kei{fh rk|`d{oc hkod air thk
broelh c`ek|% V`th ?:n vkcc bk ckat |hirt% Vk loe tketot`kcp o`n air 2;n ia zrk||{rk#
vh`lh occiv| air o hkod ci|| ia=
?#8;2n ' 2;n ia zrk||{rk > ?#866n
(?#802n.?866n):%;::gn >
Vhkrk= Mx# thk hkod ci|| pi{ ork ciig`ef air%
M`ea# M ia thk civkr aciv rotk%
M|{z# M ia thk h`fhkr aciv rotk%
_x# thk aciv rotk `e q{k|t`ie%
_`ea# thk civkr aciv rotk%
_|{z# thk h`fhkr aciv rotk%
608#664#0
608#60
2:%
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 4 6:n% Th`| n{lh zrk||{rk ot o toz i{tckt `|
doefkri{| oed `| bo|`loccp {|kck|| air thk a`eoc {|kr|% @e thk ekxt lhoztkr
pi{cc |kk hiv ti rk|ick th`|%
2% 0 B[RE@EF IAA ZRK\\[RK
Kxlk||`k zrk||{rk `| o| ar{|trot`ef o| o ho`ef o t`ep aciv i{t ia o toz% H`fh zrk||{rk
zrid{lk| o n`xt{rk ia votkr oed o`r vh`lh loe bk o| {er{cp o| o |hogke loe ia |iat
dr`eg# cko`ef iecp o |nocc oni{et ia votkr ielk thk b{bbck| hok a`}}kd ovop%
Vhikkr izke| thk toz {|{occp fkt| oe {evoetkd |hivkr oed thk |{rri{ed`ef orko
bklink| oe {e|oe`torp oed {e|`fhtcp n{d both%
O|`dk arin thk {|kr zi`et|# `t| bk|t air votkr |p|tkn| ti virg v`th o| c`ttck
zrk||{rk o| zi||`bck% Nirk zrk||{rk nkoe| nirk zribckn|# b{r|t z`zk|# h`fhkr aciv
thri{fh ckog|# nirk votkr vo|tkd ot zi`et ia {|k oed ar{|trotkd {|kr|% Ti rkd{lk
kxlk|| zrk||{rk thkrk ork 2 |ic{t`ie|= zrk||{rk rkd{l`ef ock|# ir brkog.zrk||{rk
toeg|%
O zrk||{rk rkd{l`ef ock (ZRQ) `| o |c`fhtcp nirk |izh`|t`lotkd |ic{t`ie# vh`lh
`|et ocvop| thot |`nzck ir |{aa`l`ketcp rib{|t `e thk lietkxt ia liizkrot`ie zrimklt|%
Thk ock `| odm{|tkd ot o |zkl`a`l |ktt`ef% Air oep |p|tkn# pi{ togk thk kckot`ie ot
vh`lh `t| `e|tocckd tifkthkr v`th thk oc{k `t| |kt ot% Arin thkrk# pi{ liet`e{k nog`ef
thk locl{cot`ie| o| pi{ hok diek {z ti eiv%
O brkog zrk||{rk toeg (BZT) rkt{re| thk votkr ti otni|zhkr`l zrk||{rk bp
d`|lhorf`ef `eti o toeg% Th`| linzcktkcp dkzrk||{r`|k| thk z`zkc`ek# `e thk |onk vop o
z{elt{rk acottke| o tprk# rkt{re`ef thk zrk||{rk ti : o| `t vo| vhke thk votkr a`r|tketkrkd thk z`zk%
Ciig ot |klt`ie ?2%< `e thk thkirp biig ti a`ed i{t nirk%
Thk a{edonketoc d`aakrkelk bktvkke thk tvi `| thot pi{ loe `e|tocc o ZRQ `e |kkroc
zi`et| `e o |p|tkn oed odm{|t thk zrk||{rk |ktt`ef pi{rk ciig`ef air% O BZT `| a`xkd
oed n{|t bk cilotkd ot o |zkl`a`l kckot`ie obik thk civk|t {|kr zi`et# ollird`ef ti
thk nox`n{n zrk||{rk c`n`t| pi{ ork virg`ef v`th%
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41 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Locl{cotk thk HDZK z`zk pi{ vi{cd ekkd ti akkd o toz v`th o
nox`n{n ia < bor# o||{n`ef pi{ ork {|`ef o zrk||{rk rkd{l`ef
ock%
(Th`| `| thk |onk tizifrozh`l zria`ck o| `e thk zrk`i{| kxkrl`|k# kxlkzt pi{rk iecp
dkoc`ef v`th thk no`ec`ek)%
?% Di thk locl{cot`ie| o| `a thkrk vo| ei ZRQ% Thk ock dik| eit oaaklt thk
z`zk d`onktkr|= `t |`nzcp rkd{lk| thk zrk||{rk d{r`ef t`nk| ia civ dknoed%
2% Thk ock |hi{cd bk `e|tocckd ot o nox`n{n kckot`ie ia ;?%11 ngn (air thk civ zi`et)
Mnox titoc >(?#802 . ?#822 .?:)n ?%? gn > ;4%;4 ngn
O oc{k ia ;?%11 ngn ir ck|| `| a`ek air thk vhick rkolh%
@etkrzicot`ef=
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 46
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Civkr oc{k x H`fhkr oc{k
Aciv ?4%?4n
@a pi{ vkrk `e|tocc`ef o brkog zrk||{rk toeg# locl{cotk thk |onk
{|`ef ZQL%
?% Thk a`r|t |tkz `| ti virg i{t vhkrk ti zcolk thk BZT% @a thk nox`n{n
zrk||{rk `|
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48 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
M > (?#802n .?#8;?n . ?:n) :%1 gn > ;?%6 ngn
?#802n ?#8;?n :%1 - 4; ngn > ?4n
4% Air thk z`zk cko`ef thk BZT `t| kei{fh ti a`ed o d`onktkr thot ckok| thk
zrk||{rk bktvkke ?: oed (?#8;?n ?#822n .?: n) (?%? gn :%1 gn) > 8 ngn%
Z > ?#8;?n ?#822n :%; gn - 8 ngn > 2;n%
2% ?: ZRK\\[RK ]IEK\
@t| eit ocvop| ko|p ti |{zzcp oe ket`rk orko |i thot occ {|kr| ork v`th`e thk r`fht
zrk||{rk c`n`t|% Zkizck iatke c`k ie thk |`dk ia o occkp% @a thk h`fhk|t {|kr| ork nirk
thoe 2:n obik thk civk|t# `t| `nzi||`bck ti |{zzcp thkn occ v`th`e thk ?:.
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 40
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Pi{rk dkoc`ef v`th o zribckn vh`lh `| |`n`cor ti |ckkz`ef v`th o bcoegkt thot| tii
|hirt= k`thkr pi{rk akkt ork arkk}`ef ir pi{r hkod fkt| licd/
@nof`ek o |p|tkn vhkrk thk |i{rlk `| ?:n obik thk
h`fhk|t {|kr% Bktvkke th`| oed thk civk|t zi`et thkrk|
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;: LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
\`}k thk HDZK z`zk air th`| |p|tkn=
?% Thk d`aakrkelk bktvkke thk h`fhk|t {|kr oed thk civk|t `| 8?n 4
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn ;?
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
6 6:%2;n
Z > 6:%2;n ;2n > ?8%2;n Ig% Z`zk ; `| 0:nn
Thk kaa`l`kelp ia o z`zk rkcotk| ti `t| hkod ci||=
@a `t ci|k| ck|| thoe ;ngn# `t| kaa`l`ket%
@a `t ci|k| ck|| thoe ?ngn# `t| |{zkr.kaa`l`ket (oed kxzke|`k/)%
Ci||k| ia nirk thoe ;ngn `ed`lotk thk ekkd ti b{re iaa zrk||{rk# ir bod
dk|`fe (|troef{cot`ie)%
@e thk ekxt zi`et# vkk fiek |tro`fht air o z`zk v`th o hkod ci|| ia ck|| thoe
;ngn# v`thi{t locl{cot`ef Mnox o| bkairk% Th`| v`cc |ok pi{ t`nk ie thk
locl{cot`ie|# ielk pi{rk nirk aon`c`or v`th thk z`zk|%
;% Z`zk 1=
M1 4%2; ngn K > 6:%2;n :%< gn - 4%2; ngn > 10n
Z > 10n 4 21n Ig%
Z`zk 1 `| 1 6:%2;n :%< gn - 4%2; ngn > 10n
Z > 10n 40n > 2:n Ig%
Z`zk 6`| 1< nn%
Locl{cot`ef thk h`fhkr }iek%
6% Z`zk ?% Th`| ekkd| ti bk rkoccp kaa`l`ket# o| `t |tort| v`th 6
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;2 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
M??:# 4 c| > :%1 ngn K> ?::n 2gn - :%1 ngn > 08%8n
Z > 08%8n 6 2;%8n
Z`zk ? `| ?1: nn
Rknknbkr# thkrk nop bk `etkrnkd`otk z`zk |`}k| oo`cobck `e thk rkf`ie
pi{rk `e# vh`lh diet ozzkor `e thk tobck| {|kd hkrk% Air kxonzck# thkrk nop
bk ?4:nn z`zk%
Pi{ loe diveciod thk linzcktk tobck| hkrk=
vvv%oreoc`lh%lindvechkodci||%}`z
8% Z`zk 2% Th`| `| |t`cc thk lr`t`loc |klt`ie% Pi{ ekkd o nirk kaa`l`ket z`zk%
M0:# 2 c| > 2%; ngn K > 08%8n ? gn - 2%; ngn > 01% 01% ?8% 01% 0;%6n
Z > 0;%6n 8?n > ?4%6n Ig% Z`zk < `| 0:nn%
?:% Z`zk 4% Air rko|ie| ia |pnnktrp oed |`n`cor kckot`ie| pi{k zribobcp
ocrkodp fit oe `dko vh`lh `t `|=
M0:# ? c| > :%8 ngn HFC> 01% 0;%6n
Z > 0;%6n 8:n > ?;%6n Ig% Z`zk 4 `| 0:nn%
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn ; 4%6; ngn
M??:# 4 c| > 2%6; ngn
;% Ckt| |kk hiv thk ciiz| zkrairn% Air ciiz ?# bkf`ee`ef ot o# vk odd thk hkod
ci||k| o| vk nik `e thk d`rklt`ie ia thk orriv| oed |{btrolt thi|k vh`lh fithk izzi|`tk vop=
?gn - 4%6; ngn ' ?gn - ;%6; ngn
;%6; ngn `| o c`ttck d`aakrket ti :# vh`lh `| vhot thk cov ia ciiz| dknoed|%
Th`| nkoe| thk lhi|ke aciv| ork vrief oed thkp ekkd ti bk odm{|tkd `e thk
|klied ri{ed%
Air ciiz 2# bkf`ee`ef v`th o# vk odd thk hkod ci||k| o| vk nik `e thk
d`rklt`ie ia thk orriv oed |{btrolt thk iek| `e thk izzi|`tk d`rklt`ie% @k
rknikd thk {e`t| hkrk ti nogk `t |`nzckr=
? - 4%6; . ? -
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1: LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Vhke o z`zk bkcief| ti tvi ciiz|# thk lirrklt`ie `| nodk air bith# `%k% air
z`zk ;# thk lirrklt`ie v`cc bk .:%;2 ' :%20 > . :%2< c|%
@a thk aciv fik| `e thk d`rklt`ie ia thk orriv `t| lie|`dkrkd zi|`t`k# ithkrv`|kekfot`k% Thk or`ot`ie _ `| ocvop| oddkd {z%
6% Thk aciv| ork lirrkltkd=
Z`zk ?= . 4 :%;2 > . 4%;2 c|
Z`zk 2= ? :%;2 > :%48 c|
Z`zk
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 1?
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
2% ?2 \ZRKOD\HKKT\
Occ thk locl{cot`ie| vkk diek |i aor `e th`| biig ork nodk n{lh ko|`kr v`th thk {|k
ia o |zrkod|hkkt c`gk Kxlkc# vh`lh oc|i occiv| pi{ ti drov frozh|% \`elk `t| thk ni|t
linniecp {|kd# thk kxzcoeot`ie| hkrk v`cc bk v`th Kxlkc 2::6 air V`ediv|# octhi{fhthkrk ork zcketp ia arkk izke.|i{rlk octkreot`k| c`gk IzkeIaa`lk Locl=
httz=vvv%izkeiaa`lk%irf
@a pi{k fit o linz{tkr ti hoed# oed pi{ th`eg thot `e thk a{t{rk pi{rk c`gkcp
ti dk|`fe nirk |p|tkn|# pi{r bk|t bkt `| ti ckore hiv ti {|k o nidkcc`ef
zrifron c`gk Kzoekt%
Hkrk vk o||{nk o bo|`l virg`ef geivckdfk ia Kxlkc% @a pi{rk |tort`ef
arin |lrotlh# diveciod th`| |hirt t{tir`oc=
vvv%oreoc`lh%lindvecKxlkct{tkef%zda
Ielk pi{k ketkrkd thk doto `eti thk |zrkod|hkkt# pi{ loe lrkotk frozh| |`n`cor ti
thk iek bkciv# vhkrk thk zrk||{rk# HFC oed tizifrozhp ork d`|zcopkd%
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12 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
\`}k thk z`zk| air thk no`ec`ek |{zzcp`ef thk rka{fkk lonz Ntob`co
@@ {|`ef HDZK v`th o aciv ia 0%8 c|=
Thk a`r|t |tkz `| ti zrkzork oe Kxlkc |hkkt ti ketkr `e thk doto=
?% Izke Kxlkc ia thk |zrkod|hkkt%
2% Ie thk zofk hkod`ef# ketkr o t`tck vh`lh nogk| |ke|k oed `elc{dk
`eairnot`ie rkford`ef thk dotk# vhi zrkzorkd thk dil{nket# thk kr|`ie
e{nbkr# oed zribobcp |ink g`ed ia cifi ia thk irfoe`|ot`ie pi{rk virg`ef
air% Thk `dko `| thot thk dil{nket bk lckorcp `dket`a`obck ti th`rd zkr|ie|%
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 1
2%866n% Th`| lirrk|zied| ti thk ketroelk ia thk toeg# vh`lh `| fkekroccp
arin obik%
Thk kckot`ie| ork ekfot`k bklo{|k thk h`fhk|t zi`et ho| bkke orb`tror`cp
togke ti bk ot oe kckot`ie ia :n%
1% Locl{cotk thk lho`eofk% Ti di th`|# ketkr thk airn{co >B?2'O?
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11 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Thk $ |pnbic ke|{rk| thot thk rkakrkelk ocvop| zi`et| ti thk |onk lkcc# A;#
kke `a pi{ lizp `t dive `eti ithkr lkcc|% D``d`ef bp ?#::: `| rkq{`rkd o| thk
d`|toelk| ork `e nktkr| b{t thk hkod ci|| `| `e g`cinktrk|%
??% Lizp thk airn{co {et`c pi{k fit thk oc{k| air kolh rkolh% Pi{cc zribobcp
a`ed `t oeeip`ef ti hok nirk thoe tvi dkl`noc zi`et|# |i r`fht lc`lg
oepvhkrk ie thk |lrkke oed |kcklt Lkcc Airnot% Ielk pi{rk thkrk# |kcklt
thk E{nbkr tob# thke thk E{nbkr lotkfirp oed vr`tk 2 `e thk dkl`noc| bix=
?2% Ti a`ed thk l{n{cot`k M# di thk |onk o| `e zi`et 1 oed drof dive=
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 16
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
?
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18 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
?1% \kcklt thk doto `e thk Kckot`ie oed lho`eofk lic{ne% Lc`lg ie thk lketrk ia
lkcc v`th thk Kckot`ie t`tck# oed v`thi{t cktt`ef fi# drof dive% Pi{cc |kk thk
lkcc| ork |kckltkd# oed |hi{cd bk |hodkd=
?6% @e thk {zzkr nke{ bor ia Kxlkc# fi ti @e|krt# thke D`|zkr|`ie# oed thke thk
frozh tpzk e{nbkr
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 10
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
?0% Thk HFC |t`cc ekkd| ti bk zcittkd% R`fht lc`lg ie oep bcoeg orko ie thk frozh
oed lhii|k \kcklt doto% Pi{cc |kk o bix c`gk thk iek bkciv# vhkrk pi{ hok
ti |kcklt Odd=
2:% Vr`tk HFC `e thk a`r|t bix# oed
lc`lg ie thk tobck |pnbic `e thk
|klied=
2?% \kcklt thk lkcc| vh`lh hok thk lho`eofk oc{k| oed lc`lg ie thk |pnbic ti
ollkzt=
22% Rkzkot air thk P ox`| v`th thk HFC
oc{k|# |i thot thk bix ciig| c`gk th`|=
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 6?
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
Eiv |kcklt thk z`zk| {et`c thk HFC `| ?:n obik thk tkrro`e ot occ zi`et|# v`th o
zrk||{rk ia bktvkke ?: oed
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62 LHOZTKR 2% Z`z`ef
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
}kri# thk zi`et ot vh`lh thk kckot`ie `| .8:n `| ot o d`|toelk ia
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 6 6%?4 n
Thk notkr`oc ti {|k `| HDZK# o| `t| q{`lg ti o||knbck (`t link| `e ricc|)#
`t| |trief# oed bklo{|k ZQL `| donofkd vhke kxzi|kd ti thk |{e (`e
oe knkrfkelp `t| bk|t eit ti vo`t air thk z`zk| ti bk b{r`kd)%
Thk z`zk| vh`lh ork lci|k|t ti thk rkq{`rkd hkod ci|| air 2%4 c|# ?%2 c| oed
:%1 c| ork=
HDZK 0: nn# M2%4 c| > 1 ngn Z`zk| b p b%
HDZK 4: nn# M:%1 c| > ?; ngn%
Th`| z`zk vi{cd bk ollkztobck# b{t |kk`ef o| `e oe knkrfkelp pi{
loet g`lg zkizck i{t bklo{|k thk ;::: zkr|ie c`n`t ho| bkke
kxlkkdkd# `t| bk|t ti dk|`fe `e |ink kxtro lorrp`ef lozol`tp% Z`zk|
k oed kv`cc oc|i bk `e|tocckd `e 1 ?%6 ngn
8% Thk zrk||{rk ot thk d`aakrket zi`et| `|=
Z: > 26%;;n :%6 gn - 1 ngn > 2 26%;;n :%6 gn - ?; ngn > ?6%:;n
Thk |p|tkn ciig| th`|=
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 86
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
O tive ia 01:: zkizck friv| ot
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88 LHOZTKR
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OZZKED@LK\
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01 OZZKED@X
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
O% AR@LT@IE CI\\ TOBCK\% ZCO\T@L Z@ZK(Li{rtk|p ia [roc`to)
Bkciv pi{ v`cc a`ed thk ar`lt`ie ci|| tobck| air thk ni|t linniecp {|kd z`zk|% D{k ti
|zolk c`n`tot`ie| eit occ z`zk| ork c`|tkd% @a pi{rk ciig`ef air doto thot `|et oo`cobckhkrk# fi ti vvv%oreoc`lh%lindvechkodci||%}`z%
Ti {|k thk tobck| pi{ ekkd ti geiv vhot notkr`oc pi{rk virg`ef v`th# thk nox`n{n
zrk||{rk# oed thk tpzk ia votkr pi{cc bk troe|zirt`ef (lckoed`rtp)% Air o aciv ia :%:2
c|# oe HDZK ia 2;nn ot ?1 bor# lorrp`ef lckoe votkr (g>:%:?)# ho| o hkod ci|| ia :%1
ngn%
M# hkod ci||7 _# aciv oed Q# kcil`tp%
@nzirtoet= hkod ci|| or`k| |inkvhot arin iek noe{aolt{rkr ti oeithkr% @a o
noe{aolt{rkr zri`dk| pi{ v`th rkc`obck doto# {|k th`| `e|tkod%
Nktoc z`zk `| |zkl`a`kd v`th thk `etkreoc d`onktkr% Zco|t`l z`zk v`th thk kxtkreoc
d`onktkr% Th`| tobck |hiv| thk ozzrix`notk `etkreoc d`onktkr| (@D) air zco|t`l z`zk=
ED 2;
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 06
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
HDZK 2; .@D 2:%4nn. ZE ?1 HDZK
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn 00
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
HDZK 1< . @D ;;%4nn. ZE ?: HDZK 1< . @D ;?%4nn. ZE ?1
M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|) M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|)
:%;: :%20< :%?2 :%;: :%2
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?:: OZZKED@X
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
HDZK 0: . @D 60%2nn. ZE ?: HDZK 0: . @D 6
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn ?:?
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
HDZK ??: . @D 01%8nn. ZE ?: HDZK ??: . @D 0:nn. ZE ?1
M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|) M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|)
:%;: ?%
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?:2 OZZKED@X
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
HDZK ?1: . @D ?4?nn. ZE ?: HDZK ?1: . @D ?
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?:4 OZZKED@X
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
ZQL 4: . @D
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?:1 OZZKED@X
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
ZQL 0: . @D 8?%4nn. ZE ?: ZQL 0: . @D 61%1nn. ZE ?1
M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|) M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|)
:%;: :%84? :%?1 :%;: :%6?2 :%?;
:%1: :%0
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn ?:6
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
ZQL ??: . @D ?:?%1nn. ZE ?: ZQL ??: . @D 01%8nn. ZE ?1
M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|) M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|)
:%;: ?%;
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?:8 OZZKED@X
vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
ZQL ?1: . @D ?46%1nn. ZE ?: ZQL ?1: . @D ?4?nn. ZE ?1
M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|) M (ngn) _ (c|) (n|)
:%;: 4%222 :%2; :%;:
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Hiv ti dk|`fe o Fro`tp Aciv Votkr \p|tkn ???
\oet`ofi Oreoc`lh Oreoc`lh% Votkr oed hob`tot vvv%oreoc`lh%lin
2%4 62%:< ;4%:1 4%11 ?%;6
2%1 8:%:6 12%6: ;%4? ?%8