How to manage high producing animals in dairy production and beef production

Management consultant

Susanne Pejstrup, LEAN farming®

2015 February 1

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Lean Farming©by Susanne Pejstrup

• Teacher and consultant for farmers about husbandry and leadership for 35 year.

• Try to learn more and more all the time by meetings and groups

• Learn from Danish farmers and have been to US to learn more.

2015 February 2

Farming in Denmark

• Farming has been the most important industry in the country.

• Danish farmers are high producing fx

– 10.000 kg / cow / year

– 2100 g chicken in 32 days

– 9000 kg wheat / ha

2015 February 3

Coops in Denmark

• Farming is build on coops:

• Farmers cooperated and build dairies, slaughter houses, feed mills, feed trading companies, advisory system, schools a.m.

• They still own most of the businesses

2015 February 4

2015 February 5

What the Danish farmers do to improve skills all the time -they meet and talk - all the time !

2015 February 6

Danish farmers arrange tests, investigations, trials to know better- And it is paid by cooperation, not by the companies.

2015 February 7

They often buy machinery together in different kinds of cooperation

2015 February 8

Machinery is very expensive but necessary to make silage = storage roughage for a hole year.So they also use contractors for harvesting

Tradition of co-operatives

Its told that you can´t have two Danish farmers in one room, before they make a co-op!

2015 February 9

Key points for animal management = how to make a business

2015 February 10

1. Be systematic and consistent

2. Provide high standards for hygiene

3. Excellent and adequate feed and feed storage

4. High animal welfare provide high production

1. Systematic and consistent

• Standard procedures

• Every day the year around

• If the management or the feed varies or are un-adequate – then the production level fall –may be below the point, where you can earn money.

2015 February 11

Standard Operation Procedure

• Visual communication

• Center for the communication

• 3 reasons:1. Instruction for new staff

2. Ensure same procedure

3. Involve and motivate employees in the continuous improvements

2015 February 12

2. High standards for hygiene

Milk buckets for calvesRoom for preparing milk for calves

2015 February 13

High standard for hygiene

Feed Bedding

2015 February 14

3. Excellent and adequate feed

2015 February 15

• Explore what the animals provide

• Meet their needs (and they will produce excellent!)

• Make the right storage without mud and mould.

• Calculate how much feed one animal need the hole year – and then regulate the number to that.

4. High animal welfare = high income

2015 February 16

• Clean open housing

• Fresh air

• Water

• Rest

• Adequate feeding

• Health

Achieving excellence in dairyingInspired by Dr. Gordie Jones, Central Sands Dairy, Wisconsin

The cows 24 hours

2 years from calf to cow

1 lactation

= year

2015 February 17

Three cirkels

The 24 hours of the cow

• Resting

• Eating

• Drinking

• Milking

2015 February 18

Stall for the cows

Space

• Space enough for the cow to lay down and to raise in a natural way.

• For Holstein cows it is:– Length in single row: 3,00 m

– Length in double row: 2,85 m

– Broad: 1,25 m

– Length for the breast pile: 1,80 m

2015 February 19

Eks. på ny eftergivelig bøjletype

Test for marks on the

animals

Water and comfort

Water and brush

• 10 cm / cow in the barn

• The water be clean and the bowls must be cleaned daily.

• Rotation brushes is law in Denmark

2015 February 20

Water

2015 February 21

Water balance

At 20 ° Celsius

• Water requirement per day is 120 liters per day for :

• Exhalation, evaporation and perspiration: - 25 liters

• Manure: - 40 liters

• Urine: - 20 liters

• Milk: - 35 liters

At 30 ° Celsius

• Water requirement per day is 150 liters per day for :

• Exhalation, evaporation and perspiration: - 55 liters

• Manure: - 30 liters

• Urine: - 30 liters

• Milk: - 35 liters

2015 February 22

Lots of fresh drinking water

2015 February 23

Lot of fresh air and shadow

2015 February 24

Heat stress

2015 February 25

Heat stress

2015 February 26

Lots of air and shadow

2015 February 27

Feeding

• Must be constantly and consisting

• Nutrition needed:

1. Protein

2. Fat

3. Sugar (Starch, fiber, celluloses)

4. Minerals and vitamins

5. Water

• TMR – feed mix

2015 February 28

The ruminate

2015 February 29

Formula for a high producing cow

• Roughage (grass, corn silage fx): 40 kg (14 kg DM)

– Long chewing time, but not too filling

– Chewing is producing pH-buffer for the rumen

• Concentrates: 14 kg with high protein

• Minerals – (Especially calcium)

2015 February 30

High quality of food every day

2015 February 31

Fresh feed, cool barn and sand bedding

2015 February 32

Sandbedding

2015 February 33

2015 February 34

Achieving excellence in dairyingInspired by Dr. Gordie Jones, Central Sands Dairy, Wisconsin

The cows 24 hours

2 years from calf to cow

1 lactation

= year

2015 February 35

Three cirkels

The lactation curve

• Dry period = 8 weeks

• Calving

• New carving period = 2 week

• Milking period = 42 weeks

2015 February 36

The year of the high producing cow

• High milk production demand consistent feeding during the hole year.

• How to storage feed?

• How to provide the constant daily feed for all the animals?

2015 February 37

Achieving excellence in dairyingInspired by Dr. Gordie Jones, Central Sands Dairy, Wisconsin

The cows 24 hours

2 years from calf to cow

1 lactation

= year

2015 February 38

Three cirkels

From calf to cow

2015 February 39

First milk First milk

New born animals

• First milk have the protection against diaries and pneumonia.

• Large amount immediately after birth

• Fresh air but not cold, windy or wet

• Sufficient food with the right ingridients

1. Make a standard procedure – and follow it

2. Make a plan, so you have feed the hole year

2015 February 40

The calves are the coming stars!

• They need enough and good feed with high protein.

• If they grow fast and steadily, they produce more milk as adults (the rumen are better)

2015 February 41

Goat and Sheep farming

• Hygiene and sufficient colostrum is essential for both small sheep and goats.

• If the standard procedures are not followed the mortality rate is to high

2015 February 42

Space and fresh air – new born goats

2015 February 43

Goat farm

2015 February 44

Milking parlor for sheep's on the one side and goats on the other side

2015 February 45

Cheese from goats and sheep

2015 February 46

Chicken production

• All out and all in

– All the chickens goes for slaughter house

– The house is washed, dsinfected and dried out ( 2 days)

– New chicken are put in – 4-6 hours from the eggs

– Balanced feed and temperature

– 2100 g in 32 days and ready for slaughter house

2015 February 47

Excellent farming in Uganda

• Fx Asiima – Agri Concern and more

2015 February 48