How to Meet Energy and Efficiency

Regulations in Commercial AC

E360 Annual Conference • Atlanta, Ga. • April 12

Gregg Hemmelgarn

Manager of Integrated SolutionsEmerson

This presentation is intended to highlight changing developments in the law and industry topics. The law is frequently evolving and information and publications in this presentation may not reflect the latest changes in the law or legal interpretations. The statements and information provided in this presentation should not be construed as legal advice or legal opinion regarding any specific facts or circumstances, but is intended for general informational purposes only. The views and statements expressed during this presentation are the personal opinions of the presenter and do not represent those of Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. or its affiliated companies. You should consult an attorney about your situation and specific facts and you should not act on any of the information in this presentation as the information may not be applicable to your situation. Although all statements and information contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, they are presented without warranty of any kind. Information provided herein does not relieve the user from the responsibility of carrying out its own tests and experiments. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe on any patents. This presentation may not be copied or redistributed without the express written consent of Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc.

Disclaimer

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Agenda

1

2

3

Commercial heating and air conditioning trends

Efficiency regulations and future refrigerants landscape

What it means for you, and technology to be aware of

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5.5M Commercial Buildings in the U.S. and Key HVAC

Statistics Driving Three Megatrends

4.4MILLIONBUILDINGS W/ AC

1.6MILLION

NEW AC UNITS/YEAR

10MILLION

RTU INSTALLED BASE

<15PERCENTBMS PENETRATION

EFFICIEN

CY REGS

COMFORT

& HEALTH

CONNECT

IVITY

Efficiency

Comfort and

air quality

Connectivity

5.5M Buildings

Source: Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

HVAC Statistics Megatrends

32 YEARSAVERAGE AGE

ONLY 20%OF BUILDINGS WITH

HVAC UPGRAGE

45%REDUCTION IN

ENERGY/SQ. FT. BY

2030 (DOE)

1BSQ.FT. OF NEW

CONSTRUCTION PER

YEAR (2012-19)

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Megatrends and Industry Response to Drive More Efficient Buildings

Trend Industry Response

Building

automation/connectivity

Energy efficiency

Comfort and air quality

• Modulation technologies

– Compression and controls

• Low-GWP refrigerants

– A2L compression

– Next gen compression

• Air management

– Latent vs. sensible

– IAQ

• Efficiency retrofits

– Equipment controls/monitoring

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Most efficient components

Most efficient buildings

Most efficient systems

• Enable green buildings (LEED, net zero)

• Whole-building efficiency targets

• Ventilation and air quality

• Commissioning and monitoring for buildings

• Coordination of building subsystems

Holistic Building Solutions Emerging to Deliver on the Promise

of Most Efficient Buildings

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Agenda

1

2

3

Commercial heating and air conditioning trends

Efficiency regulations and future refrigerants landscape

What it means for you, and technology to be aware of

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DOE Efficiency Standards for

Commercial AC Packaged/Split Systems

On 1/1/2018, the DOE Will Adopt the 90.1-2013 IEER Levels Nationally.

Note: ASHRAE 90.1 also has an EER component not shown here.

Note: Electric resistance values, subtract 0.2 EER/IEER for all other equipment. https://www.energycodes.gov/status-state-energy-code-adoption

Status of State Energy Code Adoption

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Ventilation and IAQ Trends Are Evolving Building Design Considerations

• Standard specifies measures intended to provide indoor air quality that is acceptable to human occupants and minimizes adverse health effects.

– Prescribes ventilation rates for indoor spaces

– Relative humidity must be 65% or lower in occupied spaces*.

– 2016 revision increases outdoor air (CFM) requirement to 30% or more.

Benefits of Dehumidification

• Decreasing latent load (humidity) on cooling systems saves energy.

• Reduces spoilage of products

• Lower humidity levels discourage allergens, dust mites and other IAQ concerns.

Food retail study reduced relative humidity

by 20%, delivering significant benefits.

Latent load Reduced by 74%

Mechanical cooling Reduced by 20%

Defrost cycle duration Reduced by 40%

ASHRAE 62.1 Increases Outdoor Air Reqmt.

* Unless process or occupancy dictate otherwise 9

Kigali Agreement to Montreal Protocol Drives Continued Activity on Low Global

Warming Potential (GWP), Mildly Flammable (A2L) Refrigerants

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

GW

P W

eig

hte

d C

AP

(%

of B

ase

line

)

Developed

countries

(U.S., Canada, etc.)

Developing countries

(India, China, etc.) ‘17 ‘18 ‘19 ‘20 ‘21 ‘22 ‘23 ‘24

A2L —

IEC/UL/ASHRAE

A2L into bldg. codes

Bldg. codes adoption

by states

DOE residential SEER

std.

DOE commercial RTUs

IEER std.EL1 EL3

EPA delist in chillers

• Global agreement reached by 197 countries in Kigali, Rwanda, in Oct. 2016

• EPA will ban the use of R-410A in AC chillers in 2024

• More actions expected to comply with global agreement

OEM A2L

design start

RTU launches

2024

freeze2028

freeze

Interim phase 1

Long-term phase 2

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R-410A

Like

R-407/

R22 Like

R-134a

Like

GWP Level

400–675

< 1,500

~600

150–300

HFO 1234yf

R-410A

R-22

R-407C

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000

Pressure

R-32/HFC/HFO

Blends

R-32, R-452B,

HFO blends

HFC/HFO

BlendsR-134a

CO2

R-290

NH3

A1 – Non Flammable

A2L – Mildly Flammable

A3 – Flammable

B2L – Toxic, Mildly Flam.

R-123 LikeHFO 1234ze

HFO

Blends

Large

chillers

(R-1234ze)

R-22 service

Unitary

systems

<750 <1,500<150

Current Low-GWP AC OEM Candidates

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Agenda

1

2

3

Commercial heating and air conditioning trends

Efficiency regulations and future refrigerants landscape

What it means for you, and technology to be aware of

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How Could Regulations Impact You?

• Higher part-load efficiency (IEER) systems– Potentially higher first cost

– Lower operating cost

• Potential increase in system footprint– Larger heat exchanger surface area

• Reduction in system refrigerant circuits

• More applications with modulated scroll compressors– Mechanical modulation and variable speed technology

• More complicated controls

• VFDs on evaporator blower motors — staged speeds

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Technology Solutions to Optimize System Part-Load Efficiency — IEER

Higher IEER

Multi-speed blower fans

Multi-speed condenser fans

Compression

Larger coil heat exchangers

and fewer circuits

Controls

Technology Levers

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Compressor Modulation Technology Comparison

Modulation

TechnologyProducts Range

Part-Load

Efficiency

Full-Load

EfficiencyComfort Applied Cost

Two-Stage 2–10 HP High Medium Medium Best

Digital

(Continuous)3–15 HP Low Highest High Better

Variable Speed 2–15 HP Highest Medium Highest Good

Multiples(Various

Configurations)

3–180 HP High High High Best

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6–10 HP Two-Stage Compressor Provides Best Applied Cost Solution for DOE EL1

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Emerson Is Also Focused on Retrofit Solutions for the Installed Base

ROI-driven solutions to

improve energy efficiency

and building performance

Replace HVAC Equipment

- Substitute HVAC equipment to a high-efficiency system

- High first cost

- Tenant versus owner conflict

Upgrade Installed Base of Equipment

- Retrofit to improve HVAC efficiency

- Rebate incentives drive actions

- Upgrade improves comfort

Building Management System (BMS)

- Connected upgrade for system health and fault detection

- Virtual “building controls” through connectivity and cloud

- System complexity varies depending on building size

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Commercial building stock in the U.S.

~5.5 Million

State of Commercial Building Automation

State of BAS

No Building Automation

BAS Installed base

CBECS Survey

Current BAS Offerings

Prohibitively expensive ($50–$100K)

Overserve the market

Hardware-centric

High operational and maintenance costs

Very poor UI/UX

Compatibility issues85%

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Easy Multi-HVAC System Management

Analytics and reports

Machine learning

Centralized monitoring

and control

Multi-stat dashboard

creates groups, multisite,

sorting, searching a thermostat

Fleet Management

Smart automation

• Batch scheduling

• Special events scheduling

• Occupancy-based controls

• Calendar sync

Actionable alerts

Multi-user controls

• Access controls

• Admin functionality

Open-source

interoperability

Third party integrations

to expand features

Premium Feature Offerings Easy Multi-device Management

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Traditional BMS vs. Our Solution

• Traditional BMS’s offer many features small format

buildings don’t need which make them expensive options

• Additional controllers/hardware required

• Skilled personnel required to install and operate

traditional BMS’s

• Low-cost, cloud-based HVAC automation

• Flexible feature set

• Low-cost Wi-Fi thermostat

• Plug n’ play software

• No other Wi-Fi thermostat works on more HVAC

systems

• No additional controllers required

• Intuitive UX means anybody can use it just like any

other website

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Single- and Multi-Site Control

Wi-Fi Thermostats

Wi-Fi Thermostats

Easy and intuitive single- and multi-site control

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Transformative Wave Turns RTUs Into Smart, Efficient Machines

Patented

Upgrade for existing RTUsreduces overall HVAC energy

use up to 50%

Web-based connectivity package and software tools for RTU monitoring, fault

detection and reporting

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Retrofit with the CATALYST is a proven solution for addressing the excessive energy use of RTUs.

Three Pillars of RTU Efficiency

1 2 3

optimize upgrade perpetuate

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Questions?

DISCLAIMER

Although all statements and information contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, they are presented without guarantee or warranty of any kind, expressed or

implied. Information provided herein does not relieve the user from the responsibility of carrying out its own tests and experiments, and the user assumes all risks and liability for

use of the information and results obtained. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such

use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe on any patents. The user should not assume that all toxicity data and safety measures are indicated

herein or that other measures may not be required.

Thank You!

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