how to prepare for jrf
TRANSCRIPT
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How to Prepare for JRF-NET in Physic
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al Sciences201113Jijo P. Ulahannan, PhD Governme
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nt College KasaragodVIII. Condensed Matter PhysicsSyllabus:
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Bravais lattices. Reciprocal lattice. Diffraction and the structure factor. Bonding of solids.Elastic properties, phonons, lattice specific heat. Free electron theory
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and electronic specific heat. Responseand relaxation phenomena. Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity. Hall effect andthermoelectric power. Electron
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motion in a periodic potential, band theory of solids: metals, insulators andsemiconductors. Superconductivity: type-I and type-II superconductors. Josephson junctions. Superfluidity.Defects
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and dislocations. Ordered phases of matter: translational and orientational order, kinds of liquidcrystalline order. Quasi crystals. This is a crucial paper worth spending time. In
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physics research, some of the mostremarkable resultswere published in this area. So a good knowledge of the subject not onlyhelps in the
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exam but alsohelps in a future career. Develop a good idea about thespatialperiodicitywhich highly relevant in thecase of crystals. Many of their properties can
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be derivedfrom the harmonic analysis, especially withthe help of Fourier analysis. The section includesimple theories in crystallography
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andsuperconductivity to acoustic and electric properties ofmatter, free electron theory, heat capacitymodels, band theory, theory of magnetism, etc.Knowledge of
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statistical and quantum mechanics will be highly helpful. Most of the bulkpropertiesare derived from microscopic analysis of matter. It is important to
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notice that thetemperaturedependence of many material characteristics such as heat capacity, electricalconductivity; andmagnetic properties are
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obtained through quantum theory using statisticalmethods. Syllabus followsthe contents of Kittel which is the bible of condensed matter physics but not a
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good text book. Itcontains the clue to any particular issues in the subject but make judicious use of other books as well.Azhcroft and Mermin give a good account of the
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Drude model and the electrical, thermal and opticalproperties of solids.1) Introduction to Solid State Physics –
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C. Kittel (Wiley)2) Solid State Physics – Azhcroft and Mermin.3) Solid State Physics –
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Ali Omar (Pearson).4) Problems and Solutions in Solid State Physics – S. O. Pillai (New Age).
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IX. Nuclear and Particle PhysicsSyllabus: Basic nuclear properties: size, shape and charge
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distribution, spin and parity. Binding energy,semi-empirical mass formula, liquid drop model. Nature of the nuclear force, form of nucleon-nucleonpotential, charge-independence and charge-symmetry
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of nuclear forces. Deuteron problem. Evidence of shell structure, single-particle shell model, its validity and limitations. Rotational spectra. Elementary ideasof alpha, beta and gamma decays
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and their selection rules. Fission and fusion. Nuclear reactions, reactionmechanism, compound nuclei and direct reactions. Classification of fundamental forces. Elementaryparticles
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and their quantum numbers (charge, spin, parity, isospin, strangeness, etc.). Gellmann-Nishijima
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How to Prepare for JRF-NET in Physic
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al Sciences201114Jijo P. Ulahannan, PhD Governme
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nt College Kasaragodformula. Quark model, baryons and mesons. C, P, and T invariance. Application of symmetry arguments toparticle reactions. Parity non-
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conservation in weak interaction. Relativistic kinematics. There is not much change from the previous exam here. Only challenge here is the MCQ patternwhich demands an
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objective approach to find the answer. Questions will be based on a detailedproblem out of which we have to find possible answers.Nuclear physics, not
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per se, is not that highly challenging if you go by the exam pattern. Beware inmind that Nuclear Physics is a highly empirical science and much of the
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theoretical part is availablefor verification subject to highly sophisticated experiments. High energy reactions mostly deserverelativistic
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formulations. We can expect both quantitative and qualitative questions from this section.When going through the books we have to double check the fact that
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there is a constant struggle toexplain the experimental evidences which is not quite easy considering the advanced mathematicaldescription of the
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subatomic world which is invisible to direct human experience. We have to relyupon our intuitions rather than direct visual experience here.
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Nuclear models, semi empirical mass formula, nuclear stability, and ideas of different counterscancome in handy. In case of reactions and emissions, beta particle decay is
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important. Follow differentmechanisms possible within a nucleus. Elementary particle physics can be tougher for some but learnthe classification of particles with the
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aid of some group theory and general reading. Learn to solveany nuclear or elementary particle reactions using the basic conservation laws used to group them.Hypercharge,
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Iso-spin, Baryon or Lepton Number, Strangeness, etc., are not that difficult to digest.Ideas of violation of parity, CPT, etc., will help. Questions from this section mostly
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follow thesyllabus and ref. #1 and #2 are very useful to cover the syllabus. One can easily find books that givegood coverage of nuclear physics.Books
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1) Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics – A. Das and T. Ferbel (World Scientific
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– 2005).2) The Particle Hunters - Yuval Ne'eman and Yoram Kirsh (Cambridge
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University Press, 1996).3) Subatomic Physics - Ernest M. Henley and Alejandro Garcia (World Scientific, 2007).4)
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An Introduction to Nuclear Physics – W. N. Cottingham and D. A. Greenwood (CambridgeUniversity Press, 2004).5)
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Particles and Nuclei: An Introduction to the Physical Concepts – Bogdan Povhet. al.(Springer, 2006).6)
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Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics – Khanna (Prentice Hall of India).
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How to Prepare for JRF-NET in Physic
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al Sciences201115Jijo P. Ulahannan, PhD Governme
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nt College KasaragodAbout the AuthorI did my PhD availing Junior and Senior Research Fellowships (from
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CSIR) working atInternational School of Photonics of Cochin University of Science and Technology. Atpresent I work
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as Assistant Professor of Physics at Government College Kasaragod, Kerala.I also worked as Lecturer in
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Physics at Government College Madappally in Kozhikode,Kerala.My research interests are Energy conservation and
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alternate energy sources,Nanophotonics and Computational Physics. I am thankful to all my friends within the PhysicsKerala
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group and CUSAT for the fruitful discussions I had with them inpreparing this article.You can mail me atPaul.Jijo
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“AT”gmail.comorjijo“AT”gck.ac.inDisclaimerThis article is not an authorised
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account of the CSIR UGC (NET) exam and do not bear anyofficial confirmation from the part of the agencies mentioned
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above. Views expressed arepersonal to the author and readers are recommended to use their own discretion in followingthe
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views expressed in the article. Readers please notice that the reading list is notexhaustive and there are many other books available
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in any of the subject areas mentionedabove. One can always find replacements that suit Indian readers and please resort
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tolocally available resources.* Please bear in mind that I don’t give any coaching for the
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NET or recommend anyparticular coaching centre. This article should be taken as a token of motivation
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(ifyou need some)!**Feedbacks and comments (and corrections, if any) are always welcome. Please share yourexperience
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to make this article more users friendly*Contact:
www.facebook.com/jijopu
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