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    How to Write Goals and Objectives

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    Overview

    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    Purpose of Measurable Objectives

    Relationship Between Measurable

    Objectives and the Strategic Plan

    Elements of a Measurable Objective

    Methodology for Writing Measurable

    Objectives

    Tips for Writing Measurable Objectives

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    GOALS:Are broad statementsthat indicate what you

    hope to accomplish in school health.

    Create the settingfor what you areproposing.

    Focuses on how a situation will be changed

    as a result of a successful project, not what a

    project will do.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    OBJECTIVES:Provide an organizedpathwayto meet your

    higher goals in school health.

    Are operationaland measurable.Describe specificthingsyou will be

    accomplishing.

    Include the quantitative or qualitative degree,

    amountor levelof achievementor change.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    Qualities of an objective: S.M.A.R.T.Specific. What kind of, or which problem is to

    be addressed.

    Measurable. How much, how many, and howwell the problem/need will be resolved.

    Action-Oriented. Uses action verbs.

    Reasonable. Result you can expect to

    achieve.

    Time-bound. Gives specific data for its own

    achievement.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    Sample GOAL

    Our child nutrition program will help

    children learn how to make healthy foodchoices.

    and related OBJECTIVE

    Our child nutrition program will offer two newvegetable and two new fruit offerings per weekto all students during our 6 week HealthyEating Challenge.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    GOALS

    Global statements of the need or

    the problem(s) to be solved by your project.OBJECTIVES

    What it is your project will accomplish.

    MEASURABLE OBJECTIVES

    Include outcomes that define how the

    participants in the project will be different

    as a result.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    PROCESS Objectives

    OUTCOME Objectives

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    PROCESSObjectives typically begin with

    words like To develop and To establish

    and describe a process rather than an

    outcome.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    An example of a process objective:To establish a district Coordinated School

    Health Leadership Team.

    Attainment measurement of this objective

    is that the objective was met.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    OUTCOMEObjectives typically begin withwords like To increase or To reduce and

    describe a measurable, expected

    outcome.

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    Definitions of Goals and Objectives

    An example of an outcome objective:To increase the average amount of daily

    moderate to vigorous physical activity of

    all students in grades k-8 by 20% .

    Attainment measurement of this objective

    is that all students increased their average

    daily physical activity by 20%.

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    Purpose of Measurable Objectives

    Measurable objectives enable members ofthe SHAC and CSH Leadership Team to:

    Clarify wherethey are going

    Clarify whenthey will get there

    Clarify whatthey will need to get there

    Assess whetheror not they got there.

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    Relationship Between Objectives and a Proposal

    Objectives form the basis for the

    activities of a project.

    Make evaluation easierto create if

    objectives and outcomes are clearly

    stated.

    Create a strong sense of integrationand

    consistency.

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    Elements of a Measurable Objective

    For an objective to be measurable, it must

    include:

    an action verbthat identifiesan

    observablebehavior

    the conditionsunder which the desired

    result should be performed

    the criteriafor determining how well and

    when the behavior is to be performed.

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    Elements of a Measurable Objective

    Use language such as:

    Increase

    Improve

    Eliminate

    Implement

    MaintainSeek

    Reduce

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    Worksheet for Developing Measurable

    Objectives

    COMPLIMENTARY ACTIONS STATEGIC PLANN ING W ORKSHEETGOAL: _______________________________________________________________

    ______________________________________________________________________

    ______________________________________________________________________

    [Goals are broad statements that indicate what you hope to accomplish, create the setting for what you are proposing and focuses on how asituation will be changed as a result of a successful project, not what the project will do.]

    Actions:

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    Internal School Health Action TeamSchool Health Advisory Council

    [Objectives provide an organized pathway to meet your higher goals. They are operational and measurable. They describe specific

    things you will be accomplishing and include the quantitative or qualitative degree, amount or level of achievement or change.]

    Actions:

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    Actions:

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    Actions:

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    ________________________________

    OBJECTIVE:

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    OBJECTIVE:

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

    ________________

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    Methodology for Writing Measurable Objectives

    Measurable objectives are as simple to

    write as A-B-C-D-E.

    A = Audience: Who will be affected (target

    group)

    B = Behavior: The observable change

    (knowledge, attitude, behavior,

    process) that will occur in the target

    group because of your project.

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    Methodology for Writing Measurable Objectives(continued)

    C = Conditions: How the behaviorswill be observed or measured, including the

    instruments to be used.

    D = Data: Levels of attainment that mustbe met in order for your project to be

    called a success (your definition).

    E = Era: Identifies when the effects ofyour program will be measured.

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    Following the A-B-C-D-E method:

    At the end of the three years of implementation

    (Era), 90% of the students in grades k-8(Audience)will eat (Behavior)at least 3

    servings of milk products per week (Conditions)

    as measured by increases in annual food

    service sales (Data).

    Methodology for Writing Measurable Objectives

    (continued)

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    Tips for Writing Measurable Objectives

    Ask the following questions before and afterwriting the objective:

    What is to be increased or decreased?

    How much of an increase or decrease?

    How realistic is the increase or decrease?

    To what extent are objectives OUTCOME

    objectives as opposed to PROCESS

    objectives?

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    Tips for Writing Measurable Objectives(continued)

    To what extent are the anticipated resultsbeing measured with measures that are

    meaningful to you, easy to do, and not too

    numerous?To what extent are the objectives related

    directly to the problem(s) to be solved and

    to the goal(s) of the proposal?What impact will they have on the

    problem(s)?

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    Writing the Objectives

    Objectives Activities EvaluationWhat do you propose to achieve and to

    what extent?

    What will you do to get there?

    How will you know what you did worked?

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    Writing the Objectives

    Objectives____Activities Measures

    To review, select and

    implement one of the

    TEA approved

    coordinated school

    health programs

    during the 2006-2007

    year.

    Form a SHAC/CSH

    Leadership Team work

    group to review and

    recommend a specific

    program to be

    selected.

    A specific program

    will be selected and

    all teachers trained

    by January 2007

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    Types of Evaluations

    -Formative/Process Evaluation

    -Summative/Product Evaluation

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    Types of Evaluations (continued)

    Formative/Process Evaluation

    -Sample Question

    How are we doing? Provides for

    ongoing monitoring of the project,

    focuses on processes and short-term

    results.

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    Types of Evaluations (continued)

    Summative/Product Evaluation

    -Sample Question

    How did we do? Measures theeffectiveness of achieving objectives,

    and focuses on the outcomes and

    impacts of the project, as well as theprocesses that affect the outcomes.

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    Writing the Evaluation Section (continued)

    Questions to ask before and after writingthe evaluation section:

    Will carrying it out tell you whether you have

    achieved your stated objectives?

    Will carrying it out tell you whether you were

    able to follow your original plan of action; and

    if not, why?

    Will carrying it out tell you whether youcompleted your project on time and within

    fiscal constraints?

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    Writing the Evaluation Section (continued)

    Will carrying it out tell you whether yourproject has made a difference?

    How much closer to your goal are you now

    than when you began?

    Is your plan realistic?

    Do you have the resources to capture the

    data?

    Does it measure what matters?Is it too ambitious or grandiose for the

    project?

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    Summary

    Goals are global statements of the need or

    problem being solved stated as if the problem

    has been solved.

    Measurable Objectives are S.M.A.R.T. and can

    be developed using the A-B-C-D-E

    methodology.

    Evaluation can be formative and/or summativeand is often key to a successful programs;

    informs others how you will determine whether

    the project was successful.

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    Question andAnswer Period

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    References

    Guide for Writing a Funding Proposal

    http://www.anrecs.msu.edu/dissthes/hints5.htm

    Measurable Objectives: If Youre Not Measuring It,

    Youre Not Managing It

    http://www.growthassociates.org/Articles/Measurable.html

    Leon County Schools Grant Writers Guide and Related

    Resources - Designing a Sound Evaluation

    http://www.tandl.leon.k.12.fl.us/grants/guide_deveval4.htm

    Grant Guidehttp://www2.njstatelib.org/njlib/grhdeval.htm

    The Foundation Center

    http://www.fdncenter.org

    http://www.anrecs.msu.edu/dissthes/hints5.htmhttp://www2.njstatelib.org/njlib/grhdeval.htmhttp://www2.njstatelib.org/njlib/grhdeval.htmhttp://www2.njstatelib.org/njlib/grhdeval.htmhttp://www2.njstatelib.org/njlib/grhdeval.htmhttp://www.anrecs.msu.edu/dissthes/hints5.htmhttp://www.anrecs.msu.edu/dissthes/hints5.htmhttp://www.anrecs.msu.edu/dissthes/hints5.htm

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