howard rines 1, hedera porter 1, marty carson 2, and jerry ochocki 2 1 usda-ars plant science...
TRANSCRIPT
Howard Rines1, Hedera Porter1,
Marty Carson2, and Jerry Ochocki2
1USDA-ARS Plant Science Research, and Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota
2USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Lab, and Dept. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Minnesota
Introgression of Oat Crown Rust Resistance from Diploid Avena strigosa
and Tetraploid Avena murphyi
Crown Rust on Oat
Crown rust of oat
ResistancePast – major genes from A. sterilis (6x),
relatively short-lived effectiveness
Crown rust of oat
Resistance
Past – major genes from A. sterilis (6x), relatively short-lived effectiveness
Current – Pc94 from A. strigosa (2x), only effective single gene
Crown rust of oat
Resistance
Past – major genes from A. sterilis (6x), relatively short-lived effectiveness
Current – Pc94 from A. strigosa (2x), only effective single gene
Alternatives –Major gene combinationsRace non-specific – partial, adult
plant, multigenic
Crown rust of oatResistance
Past – major genes from A. sterilis (6x), relatively short-lived effectiveness
Current – Pc94 from A. strigosa (2x), only effective single gene
Alternatives – Major gene combinations Race non-specific – partial, adult
plant, multigenic
New sources – A. strigosa (2x) – CI 6954SP A. murphyi (4x) – P12
Parents Rust susceptibilityA. strigosa CI 6954 HRA. murphyi P12 HRA. sativa cv. Ogle SA. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (BM) S
Rust reaction of the parental lines.
Cross 1
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate C1
(2n=2x + 6x=56) S
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate C1
(2n=2x + 6x=56) X A. sativa cv. Ogle S (2n=6x=42)
S BC1F1
partial fertile self, (1x + 3x + 3x) highly fertile female (2n=7x=49)
S
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate C1
(2n=2x + 6x=56) X A. sativa cv. Ogle S (2n=6x=42)
S BC1F1
partial fertile self, (1x + 3x + 3x) X A. sativa cv. Oglehighly fertile female (2n=7x=49) (2n=6x=42)
S S BC2F1
(2n=6x + 0-7) 18R, 62S
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate C1
(2n=2x + 6x=56) X A. sativa cv. Ogle S (2n=6x=42)
S BC1F1
partial fertile self, (1x + 3x + 3x) X A. sativa cv. Oglehighly fertile female (2n=7x=49) (2n=6x=42)
S S BC2F1
BC1F2 (2n=6x + 0-7)
(2n=6x + 0-7) 18R, 62S 27R, 130S
X
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate C1
(2n=2x + 6x=56) X A. sativa cv. Ogle S (2n=6x=42)
S BC1F1
partial fertile self, (1x + 3x + 3x) X A. sativa cv. Oglehighly fertile female (2n=7x=49) (2n=6x=42)
S S BC2F1 X A. sativa cv. Ogle
BC1F2 (2n=6x + 0-7) (2n=6x=42)
(2n=6x + 0-7) 18R, 62S S 27R, 130S BC3F1
(2n=6x + 0–7) 157R, 170S
X
Possible interpretations
• Suppressor in Black Mesdag– segregates out in BC1F2, BC2F1, and BC3F1 progeny
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate C1
(2n=2x + 6x=56) X A. sativa cv. Ogle S (2n=6x=42)
S BC1F1
partial fertile self, (1x + 3x + 3x) X A. sativa cv. Oglehighly fertile female (2n=7x=49) (2n=6x=42)
S S BC2F1
BC1F2 (2n=6x + 0-7)
(2n=6x + 0-7) 18R, 62S 27R, 130S
X
Possible interpretations
• Suppressor in Black Mesdag– segregates out in BC1F2, BC2F1, and BC3F1 progeny
• Precedent:– Pc62 (from A. sterilis) suppressed by Pc38– Pc94 (from A. strigosa) suppressed by Pc38
Possible interpretations
• Suppressor in Black Mesdag– segregates out in BC1F2, BC2F1, and BC3F1 progeny
• Precedent:– Pc62 (from A. sterilis) suppressed by Pc38– Pc94 (from A. strigosa) suppressed by Pc38
• Tested:– Pc94 x Black Mesdag --- R
Possible interpretations
• Suppressor in Black Mesdag
– segregates out in BC1F2, BC2F1, and BC3F1 progeny
• Precedent:– Pc62 (from A. sterilis) suppressed by Pc38– Pc94 (from A. strigosa) suppressed by Pc38
• Tested:– Pc94 x Black Mesdag --- R
• Tested:– New R x Black Mesdag– New R x Pc38
Pc 38 Jerry Black(Pc 38) Mesdag
R S R S R S - - - - * 0 6 0 7 * 0 2 - - * 0 10 - - * 0 2 0 6 * 0 7 0 5 *
Pc 94 0 4 0 11 R,MR
CrossCrossOgle-c
R S 7 08 1 6 3 3 7 7 0 8 0
Plant No. Self
R S12(3) - 1 - -12(3) - 3 10 020(10) - 1 - -20(10) - 3 9 1 24(3) - 1 7 024(3) - 2 9 0
Inoculated at seedling stage with crown rust.
Test cross of resistant A. strigosa/Black Mesdag BC2F2
*crosses with Black Mesdag 35R 47S 2MR/R 3RSP
Transmission of Introduced Resistance
• Past efforts with A. strigosa sources
1. Forsberg and co-workers– Resistance present on an alien addition or
substitution chromosome, only female transmission– Used gamma irradiation treatment
2. Aung and Chong-- Resistance on an alien addition chromosome,
unstable transmission-- Induced non-homologous pairing using crosses to A.
longiglumis CW57
Transmission of Introduced Resistance
• Past efforts with A. strigosa sources
1. Forsberg and co-workers– Resistance present on an alien addition or
substitution chromosome, only female transmission– Used gamma irradiation treatment
2. Aung and Chong-- Resistance on an alien addition chromosome,
unstable transmission-- Induced non-homologous pairing using crosses to A.
longiglumis CW57
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. sativa cv. Black Mesdag (2n=2x=14) (2n=6x=42) HR embryo rescue S
F1
(2n=1x + 3x=28) S
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate C1
(2n=2x + 6x=56) X A. sativa cv. Ogle S (2n=6x=42)
S BC1F1
partial fertile self, (1x + 3x + 3x) X A. sativa cv. Oglehighly fertile female (2n=7x=49) (2n=6x=42)
S S BC2F1 X A. sativa cv. Ogle
BC1F2 (2n=6x + 0-7) (2n=6x=42)
(2n=6x + 0-7) 18R, 62S S 27R, 130S BC3F1
(2n=6x + 0–7) 157R, 170S
X
Reciprocal crosses to Ogle-C of resistant A. strigosa CI 6954SP BC3 derivatives as:
BC3 plant female male _ S R MR S R MR
12(1)-3 4 3 0 1 1 012(3)-12 4 6 0 6 4 015(6)-8 3 6 7 2 1 520(5)-19 5 3 0 2 4 020(7)-6 4 7 1 4 3 120(7)-16 7 5 2 5 4 120(10)-7 3 2 0 5 8 020(10)-17 3 6 1 1 3 020(10)-20 5 5 0 7 3 020(12)-1 2 2 6 3 7 020(12)-9 7 3 5 7 8 0
Total 47 48 22 43 46 7
Buckthorn nursery test of resistant A. strigosa BC3F2
• Plant No. R S R/S• 12(1)-1 39 16 2.4• 12(1)-7 54 14 3.9• 12(3)-5 56 15 3.7• 15(6)-19 2 26 0.1• 18(5)-4 41 13 3.2• 18(5)-10 52 19 2.7• 20(7)-6 51 15 3.4• 21(6)-6 43 5 8.6• 23(4)-15 18 0 N/A
Cross 2
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. murphyi P12 (2n=2x=14) (2n=4x=28) HR colchicine HR
C1
(2n=2x + 4x=42) MR
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. murphyi P12 (2n=2x=14) (2n=4x=28) HR colchicine HR
C1 X A. sativa cv. Ogle (2n=2x + 4x=42) (2n=6x=42)
MR S BC1F1
(2n=1x + 2x +3X=42) S
A. strigosa CI6954SP X A. murphyi P12 (2n=2x=14) (2n=4x=28) HR colchicine HR
C1 X A. sativa cv. Ogle (2n=2x + 4x=42) (2n=6x=42)
MR S
BC1F1 X A. sativa cv. Ogle (2n=1x+2x+3X=42) (2n=6x=42)
S S
BC2F1 (2n=?)
R,MR,MS,S
Summary
• Oat crown rust resistance in accessions of A. strigosa (2x) and A. murphyi (4x)
Summary
• Oat crown rust resistance in accessions of A. strigosa (2x) and A. murphyi (4x)
• Resistance suppressed in early generation crosses with A. sativa, but resistant segregants in later generations
Summary
• Oat crown rust resistance in accessions of A. strigosa (2x) and A. murphyi (4x)
• Resistance suppressed in early generation crosses with A. sativa, but resistant segregants in later generations
• Resistance is transmitted equally via male or female. In most cases, transmission appears stable.
Summary
• Oat crown rust resistance in accessions of A. strigosa (2x) and A. murphyi (4x)
• Resistance suppressed in early generation crosses with A. sativa, but resistant segregants in later generations
• Resistance is transmitted equally via male or female. In most cases, transmission appears stable.
• Preliminary segregation data suggest most lines have a single major gene.
Summary
• Oat crown rust resistance in accessions of A. strigosa (2x) and A. murphyi (4x)
• Resistance suppressed in early generation crosses with A. sativa, but resistant segregants in later generations
• Resistance is transmitted equally via male or female. In most cases, transmission appears stable.
• Preliminary segregation data suggest most lines have a single major gene.
• Hypersensitive response of many plants further support single major gene.
Cross 3
A. sativa cv. Ogle X A. murphyi P12 (2n=6x=42) (2n=4x=28) S HR
F1
(2n=3x + 2x=35) MS, MR
A. sativa cv. Ogle X A. murphyi P12 (2n=6x=42) (2n=4x=28) S HR
F1
(2n=3x + 2x=35) MS, MR
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate F2 C1
(?x + ?x) (6x + 4x) 2n = ? (2n=10x=70)
S S
X
A. sativa cv. Ogle X A. murphyi P12 (2n=6x=42) (2n=4x=28) S HR
F1
(2n=3x + 2x=35) MS, MR
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate F2 C1
(?x + ?x) (6x + 4x) X A. sativa cv. Ogle 2n = ? (2n=10x=70) (2n=6x=42)
S S S BC1F1
(2n= 6x + 2x =56) S
X
A. sativa cv. Ogle X A. murphyi P12 (2n=6x=42) (2n=4x=28) S HR
F1
(2n=3x + 2x=35) MS, MR
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate F2 C1
(?x + ?x) (6x + 4x) X A. sativa cv. Ogle 2n = ? (2n=10x=70) (2n=6x=42)
S S S BC1F1 X A. sativa cv. Ogle (2n= 6x + 2x =56) (2n=6x=42)
S S BC2F1
(2n=6x + 0-7) S
X
A. sativa cv. Ogle X A. murphyi P12 (2n=6x=42) (2n=4x=28) S HR
F1
(2n=3x + 2x=35) MS, MR
colchicine fertile sectors self-pollinate F2 C1
(?x + ?x) (6x + 4x) X A. sativa cv. Ogle 2n = ? (2n=10x=70) (2n=6x=42)
S S S BC1F1 X A. sativa cv. Ogle (2n= 6x + 2x =56) (2n=6x=42)
S S BC1F2 BC2F1
(2n=6x + 2x=56) (2n=6x + 0-7) S, MS S
X
X
