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�Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia

Guidelines on the Safety Management of Amusement Park Devices

GUIDELINESON THE SAFETY MANAGEMENTOF AMUSEMENT PARK DEVICES

DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTHMINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCES

MALAYSIA2008

http://dosh.mohr.gov.my/JKKP DP 127/379/4-38

ISBN: 978-983-2014-64-5

ii Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Guidelines on the Safety Management of Amusement Park Devices have been prepared by the Technical Committee comprising:

1. En. Abdul Kahar bin Husain 2. En. Mohd Zahari bin Hitam 3. En. Zamzurin bin Maarof 4. En. Othman bin Abdul Jalil 5. Tuan Haji Ahmad Munauwar bin Haji Abdullah 6. En. Ismail bin Ainuddin 7. En. Zulkernain bin Harun

The Guidelines have been endorsed by the department’s Policy Review Committee chaired by the Director General of the Department of Occupational Safety and Health.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE Acknowledgements ii Table of Contents iii PREFACE v

�.0 INTRODUCTION �

2.0 EXCLUSIONS �

3.0 OBJECTIVE �

4.0 DEFINITIONS 2

5.0 CLASSIFICATION OF AMUSEMENT DEVICES 5 5.1 Category I Amusement Devices 5 5.2 Category II Amusement Devices 5

6.0 SUBMISSION FOR THE DESIGN APPROVAL, INSPECTION 5 AND REGISTRATION OF AMUSEMENT DEVICES 6.1 General 5 6.2 Information and Documentation to Be Submitted 5 6.3 Notification for Installation of Category I Amusement Devices 11 6.4 Documents to Be Submitted for Category II Amusement Devices 12

7.0 DESIGN OF AMUSEMENT DEVICE �2 7.1 Design Codes 12 7.2 Design Basis 12 7.3 Risk Reduction by Prevailing Design and Safety Measures 18

8.0 TESTING �9 8.1 General 19 8.2 Load Test 20 8.3 Out-of-Balance Test 20 8.4 Hydraulic or Pneumatic Test 21 8.5 Electrical Test 21 8.6 Certification 21

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9.0 INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 2� 9.1 Scope 21 9.2 Standards Documentation 21 9.3 Duties and Responsibilities of Personnel 22 9.4 Site Layout, Assembly and Erection and Electrical Requirement 26 9.5 Erection and Dismantling 28 9.6 Care of Equipment 34 9.7 Electrical Requirements 34 9.8 Trial Operation and Check 36 9.9 Operation 37 9.10 Maintenance, Replacement, Repair and Modifications 40 9.11 Inspection 44

�0.0 Miscellaneous 47 10.1 Fire Fighting 47

References 48

Appendices

Appendix A : General Information for Riders 49Appendix B : General Guidelines for Operator Selection and Instruction 50Appendix C : Safety Guidelines for Operators 52Appendix D : Suggested Training, Qualifications and Experience for Authorised Person 53Appendix E : Contents of Manual 55Appendix F : Technical file 57Appendix G : Flow Chart for Hazard Identification, 58 Risk Assessment and Risk Control Process Appendix H : Hazard Prevention 59Appendix I : Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response 60Appendix J : Details of the Log Book 6�Appendix K : List of Category I Amusement Devices 62Appendix L : List of Category II Amusement Devices 64

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PREFACE

These guidelines may be cited as the Guidelines on the Safety Management of Amusement Park Devices (hereinafter referred to as “the guidelines”).

History has witnessed numerous accidents taking place in amusement parks owing to negligence on the employer’s part while operating the amusement devices. Therefore, it is incumbent upon the Department of Occupational Safety and Health to prepare guidelines that can be used as a reference for matters pertaining to safety measures that should be followed, and furthermore to overcome the present shortcomings. These guidelines will outline the minimum requirements that need to be complied with by designers, manufacturers, importers, suppliers, owners, erectors, operators and engineers during the stage of designing, constructing, installing, operating and maintaining the amusement devices. They also cover any significant modification that may affect the integrity of existing devices or system and provide procedures to obtain design approval and register the amusement rides with the Department of Occupational Safety and Health.

These guidelines will be reviewed and updated from time to time to include any changes whenever necessary. If there are improvements that could be made to the guidelines, please do not hesitate to give your comments.

I would like to thank the committee for their effort in the preparation and publication of these guidelines.

Director GeneralDepartment of Occupational Safety and HealthMalaysia

2008

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�.0 INTRODUCTION

These guidelines aim to improve amusement park safety by ensuring thatthe equipment used is, as far as possible, properly designed, installed,maintained, modified and operated according to accepted internationalstandards to eliminate accidents to riders, visitors and those working onamusementparkdevices.Theseguidelinesareapplicabletoamusementparksandfairslocatedateitherpermanentortemporarysites.

Some aspects to be considered for improving the safety of amusement parkdevicesare:

i. Design-ensuringthestructuralintegrityandtheridearesafewhenusedas designed.Alsotakingintoconsiderationhowridersmayusetheride.

ii. Construction - ensuring that the ride is built according to the safe design.

iii. Maintenance-ensuringthatallridesreceivepropermaintenance.

iv. Operation -ensuring that theoperatoroperates the rideconsistentwith the design and maintenance requirements and the riders use the ride consistentwiththedesignedsafetyrequirements.

TheseguidelineswillassisttheownersandoperatorstocomplywiththeFactories

andMachineryAct1967(Act139)andtheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAct1994(Act514).

2.0 EXCLUSIONS

Theseguidelinesdonotcovernon-mechanisedplaygroundequipmentsuchasswings, coin-operated machines, seesaws, stationary spring mounted animalfeatures,riderpropelledmerry-go-rounds,climbers,slides,swinginggatesandphysicalfitnessdevices.

3.0 OBJECTIVE

The objective of these guidelines is to set safety standards for the design,construction,operation,maintenance, inspection,erection,dismantling, repairanduseofamusementdevicesatamusementparksandfairs.

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4.0 DEFINITIONS

4.1 Acceptedinternationalstandards

These standards include ISO Standards, IEC Standards and other international standards having a similar standing, e.g. Commission Internationale de Eclairage (CIE) and any European Standards produced by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN), European Committee for Technical Standardisation (CENELEC) and AmericanSocietyforMechanicalEngineer(ASME).

4.2 Amusementdevice

Anycontrivanceoracombinationofcontrivances,orrides,equipmentor plant which is designed or intended to entertain or amuse people and which can be installed repeatedly without loss of substance, whether temporarily or permanently, at fairs, amusement parks or other locations.

4.3 Amusementpark

Atractorareausedprincipallyasalocationforamusementdevicesand structures.

4.4 Approved

ApprovedbytheChiefInspectorinwriting.

4.5 Approvedinspectionbody

Inspection body with the expertise, competency, quality management systems, procedures and facilities for inspection of amusement devicesandregisteredwithDOSHincludinginspectingauthoritiesinthe fourthscheduleofAct139.

4.6 Attendant

Any person appointed to work under the control or direction of an operator,toassistintheoperationofanamusementdeviceavailablefor usebythepublic.

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4.7 Authorisedperson

A person with the knowledge, experience and skill in the work to be performed on an amusement device and who has been given the responsibility to perform his duties by the owner or controller of an amusementdevice.

4.8 Controller

Any person or organisation having overall control of an amusement device. This may be an individual or corporate body owning an amusement device or the concessionaire or lessee who has been grantedcontrolofthedevicebytheownerforaspecifiedperiod.

4.9 Fair

An enterprise principally devoted to the exhibition of the products of agriculture or industry and at or in connection with which amusement devicesandtemporarystructuresareprovided.

4.10 Logbook

All thenecessary informationaboutdailyexaminationsandchecklistas prescribedinAppendixJ.

4.11 Modifieddevice

An amusement device of which the structure, drive system, method of erection, or other item affecting the safety of the amusement device has been changed, except for changes recommended by the ride manufacturer.

4.12 Operator

Apersonappointedby thecontrollerwhohasbeen trained in thework to be performed on an amusement device and who has been given the responsibility to perform his duties by the controller of an amusementdevice.

4.13 Owner

The person for the present time receiving the rents or profits of the amusementdevicesinconnectionwithwhichthewordisused,whether on his own account or as an agent or trustee for any other person or whowouldsoreceivethesameiftheamusementdevicesareleased.



4.14 Passengerspace

The area, seat, tub, chair, car, cage or other devices in which the customer sits, stands, walks or otherwise occupies while riding an amusementride.

4.15 Permanentstructure

A structure which is used, or intended to be used, as an amusement devicethatiserectedtoremainasalastingpartofthepremises.

4.16 Properlymaintained

Includes assembling, disassembling, transporting, operating, lubricating, greasing, oiling, testing and repairing of amusement devicesinaccordancewithacceptedinternationalstandards.

4.17 Ride

Any mechanical device which carries or conveys passengers along, around or over a fixed or restricted route or course for the purpose of givingthepassengersamusement,pleasure,thrillsorexcitement.

4.18 Rider

A person participating in an amusement ride who does not require anyformaltrainingorpreviousexperiencetobeabletoparticipateinasafe manner.

4.19 Technicalfile

All the necessary information about the use and history of any amusement device, beginning with the design, calculation review and approval process by DOSH and an approved inspection body as prescribedinAppendixF.

4.20 Temporarystructure

A structure which is used, or intended to be used, as an amusement devicethatisrelocatedfromtimetotimewithorwithoutdisassembly.



�.0 CLASSIFICATIONOFAMUSEMENTDEVICES

Amusementdevicesareclassifiedasfollows:

�.� CategoryIamusementdevices

Amusement devices that require a certificate of fitness from DOSH as prescribed in the Factories and Machinery Act 1967 before being put inoperation(refertoAppendixKforexamplesofCategoryIamusement devices).

�.2 CategoryIIamusementdevices

Amusement devices that do not require a certificate of fitness from DOSH. Inspection should be carried out by an approved inspection body before the device is put in operation (refer to Appendix L for examplesofCategoryIIamusementdevices).

6.0 SUBMISSIONFORTHEDESIGNAPPROVAL,INSPECTIONAND REGISTRATIONOFAMUSEMENTDEVICES 6.� General

The owner or controller or lessee of an amusement park shall obtain the design approval of a Category I amusement device from the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) before the installationandoperationoftheamusementdevice.

Theapplicationshouldbeaddressedto:

DirectorGeneral DepartmentofOccupationalSafetyandHealth,Malaysia Levels2,3&4,BlockD3,ParcelD FederalGovernmentAdministrativeCentre 62502Putrajaya Malaysia

Telno:+603-88865000 Faxno:+603-88892349

6.2 Informationanddocumentationtobesubmitted The following information and documentation shall be submitted for the

designapproval:



6.2.1 Ownerorcontrollerorlessee(ifdifferentfromowner)

i. Name ii. Mailingaddress iii. Telephonenumber iv. Contactperson/designation

6.2.2 Amusementdevicedescription i. Nameofride ii. Typeandmodel iii. Manufacturer iv. Designcode v. Identification/serialnumber vi Placeofinstallation(address) vii.Yearbuilt

6.2.3 Descriptionofdesign,constructionandoperation

The design and utilisation of each amusement device shall be explainedindetail.Detailsofthemechanical(aswellashydraulic, pneumatic, equipment, etc), electrical and electronic equipment includingthecontrolsystemshallbelisted.

Thedescriptionshallcoverthefollowingitems:

i. Detailsoftheparticularfeaturesoftheamusementdeviceand anyalternativemodesofinstallationwhichmayexist;

ii. Details of operating sequence and any restrictions regarding thecircleofuserswhichmayexist;

iii. Type of non-permanent structure and types of use of major designfeatures,structuralsystems;

iv. Main dimensions and any space beyond these dimensions requiredformovement;

v. Boundarysystems; vi. Functionalandoperatingprocedures; vii.Movementsystemsanddrivetypes; viii.Speeds; ix. Accelerationrates; x. Anyrestrictionsontypesofriders; xi. Electricalsystems;and xii.Hydraulic/pneumaticsystems.



6.2.4 Safetyequipment

Alistofsafetyequipmentwhichmaybeoperationalinnormaluse orexceptionalcases(e.g.personalsafetyandrestraintsystems, emergencylightingandsystemstoensurethesafecompletionof allmovementsintheeventoffailureofthedrivesystem).Thelist shallincludethepurposeandfunctionsofeachitemofequipment anddetailsofpossibilitiesofinspection.

6.2.5 Designandmanufacturingdrawings

Design and manufacturing drawings are required for all sub- assemblies and individual components. Drawings shall indicate thedesignspecifications,alldimensionsandcrosssection,details ofmaterials,structuralcomponents,weldingdetails,fastenersand connectors.

Thedrawingsshallinclude:

i. Generaldrawings

Show the plan view, elevations and sections of the non- permanent structure. The scale of these drawings shall be appropriateforthesizeofthestructure.Theclearancerequired for movement shall be indicated on the drawings. Where possible,thedimensionsofallmajorsectionsshallbeshown.

ii. Detaileddrawings

Showtheassembly,connectionsandrelevancetosafetywhich arenotevidentinthegeneraldrawings.

Therequireddetaileddrawingsmayinclude:

a. Drawings of slewing, lifting and swivelling mechanisms, including bearings and supports, drives, control systems andmovementranges;

b. Drawings of carriages, gondolas and similar devices showing all necessary views and sections, external dimensions and the internal dimensions of all components which are important for passengers, such as seats, back rests, grab devices, locking and safety systems.

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iii. Specialdrawings,ifrequired

a. Elements of the drive mechanisms of amusement park deviceswhichcouldexposepassengerstotheriskoffalling or to other risks as a result of the sudden removal of centrifugal forceorotherwise(forexample in theeventof thesuddenblockageofaslewinggear).

b. Cylindersandpistonswithsupportpoints.

c. Entry and exit routes, including stairways, with safety clearancerequiredbetweenstationaryandmovingparts.

d. Escaperoutesfromtentsand,ifrequired,otherstructures.

iv. Safetyequipment a. Mechanical safety equipment such as safety stops,

personal safety and restraint systems, buffers, housings, barriersandrailings.

b. Special facilities, e.g. layout plans of escape routes or emergencylighting.

v. Underpinningandanchorageplans

a. The base block and anchorage plans shall indicate all supportpoints,theareasandthicknessofallunderpinnings required,allanchoragesand themagnitudeanddirection of themainverticalandhorizontal forcesactingon them. Providedthatasufficientlyclearpresentationispossible,it shallbesufficienttoindicatethedatarequiredontheoverall plan. In the case of tents, stages and grandstands with different installation variants, the anchorages required for eachvariantshallbeindicated.

b. Theinstallationpositionandsizeofdecorationsandballast required for maintaining the structural stability of the structureshallalsobeindicated.

vi. Hydraulicandpneumaticsystems

a. Ifthemodeofoperationofhydraulic/pneumaticsystemsand the interaction of such systems with electrical equipment arenot clearly shownby thediagramof suchsystems,a separatedescriptionshallbesubmitted.



b. Diagramsofthehydraulic/pneumaticsystemsshallclearly indicatethestructureofthecontrolsystem,theequipment controlled and facilities for the connection of testing equipment.

c. The designations of equipment in the diagrams of the hydraulic/pneumaticsystemsshallbeconsistentwiththose usedontheequipmentitself.

6.2.6 Designcalculations

i. Designcalculationstakingintoaccounttheloadsandforcesthe structure isexpectedtobesubjectedtoshallbesubmittedto demonstratethestabilityofthenon-permanentstructure.These calculationsshallinclude:

a. Calculationsofload-bearingcapacity(includingstability);

b. Calculationsoffatiguestrength;

c. Calculationsofsafepositioning(withreferencetoliftingoff, overturningandsliding);and

d. Calculationoffitnessforpurpose(deformationcalculations).

ii. Designcalculationsmadeusingcomputersoftwareshallclearly identifythelistofinputsandoutputswithexplanatorynotes.

iii. Loadsandforces

Thefollowingloadsandforcesshallbetakenintoconsideration:

a. Deadloads

b. Imposedloads

c. Drivingandbrakingforces

d. Windloads

e. Inertiaforces

f. Specialloads

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6.2.7 Hydraulic/pneumaticsystems

Design calculation for any components subject to internal or externalpressurewhicharealsousedasstructuralmembersshall bebasedontheworstpossiblecombinationofloadsandforces.

6.2.8 Analysis

Stress and fatigue analysis of all essential and safety critical componentsshallcompriseasaminimumanalysisandcalculation thefollowingmainitems:

i. Structuralandmechanicalparts;

ii. Hydraulicandpneumaticparts;

iii. Driveunit,bearings;and

iv. Brakesandsafetydevices

6.2.9 Attachments

Attachmentssuchasdecorations,lamps,loudspeakers,flagsand similar parts shall be securely attached to the structure; where necessary,appropriatecalculationsshallalsobesubmitted.

6.2.10 Certificates

i. Inspectioncertificatesshallbesubmittedforallmaterials.The manufacturershallcertifythatthematerialsstatedinthedesign documentshaveactuallybeenused.

ii. Thefollowingcertificates,issuedbythemanufacturer,shallbe submittedforload-bearingropesandchains:

• Forropes

Certificates concerning the type, design, dimensions and calculatedruptureforce.

• Forchains

Certificates concerning the applicable standards or manufacturers’ specifications, type, dimensions and minimumbreakingforce.

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iii. For standard of mechanical components and type-tested assembliesforwhichnodesigncalculationsareavailable,the applicantshallsubmitacertificateissuedbythemanufacturer.

6.2.11 Medicaleffects

Theeffectsofaccelerationonpassengersshallbeconsidered.If appropriate, expert opinions shall be commissioned to assess medicaleffects.

6.2.12 Manual

Acopyof instructionsforerection,dismantling,maintenanceand operation.

6.2.13 Technicalfile

For used devices a copy of the extract of the contents of the technicalfileisrequired.

6.3 NotificationforinstallationofCategoryIamusementdevices

6.3.1 Forthepurposesof installation,theownerorcontrolleror lessee shallnotifytheDOSHstateofficewherethedevicewillbeinstalled withthefollowingdocuments:

i. Designapprovalletter;

ii. Approveddesigndrawings;

iii. Layout plan indicating the location of the amusement device withrespect toproperty linesorstreet,electrical transmission linesorotherhazardswhichmayinterferewithsafeoperation;

iv. FormJKJ105;

v. Organisationchartforownerorcontroller;

vi. Thereportonanynon-destructivetestandloadtest;

vii.OperationandMaintenanceManual(refertoappendixE);and

viii.Confirmation letter from the manufacturer or nominated designatedpersonorapprovedinspectionbodytocertifythat thedevicehasbeeninspectedandtestedinaccordancewith themanufacturer’srequirement/designcode.



6.4 DocumentstobesubmittedforCategoryIIamusementdevices

TheownerorcontrollerorlesseeshallsubmittotherelevantDOSH stateofficethenecessarydocumentsasprescribedinclauses6.2 to6.2.13forthepurposeofreviewandinspection.

�.0 DESIGNOFAMUSEMENTDEVICE

�.� Designcodes

Thedesign,construction,installation,inspection,operationandmaintenance of amusement devices shall be in accordance with any accepted international standards. The design shall be reviewed by an approved inspectionbody.

�.2 Designbasis

7.2.1 General

Thedesignoranalysis(orboth)ofanamusementdeviceshallbe carriedoutbythedesignerwhoshallbeinvolvedinallphasesof manufacture, construction, testing and commissioning of new equipment,wherehis responsibility shall be toensurea level of supervisionoftheworksuchthatthereisnonegationofanybasic premiseorassumptionunderlyingthedesign.

7.2.2 Analysis

Stressandfatigueanalysisofallessentialandsafetycomponents shallbeavailableandshallcompriseasaminimumanalysisand calculationthefollowingmainitems:

i. Structuralandmechanicalparts;

ii. Hydraulicandpneumaticparts;

iii. Driveunits/bearings;and

iv. Brakesandsafetydevices

7.2.3 Fail-safesystems

i. A fail-safe system should exist for all components of the amusementdeviceswithdetailsoflimitedfatiguelife.

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ii. Anyfail-safesystemshallincludeameanstosignaltheprimary fault (e.g. alarm, cessation of motion, process shutdown) or shall incorporate a positive procedural arrangement involving inspectionsdirectedtothetimelydiscoveryoftheprimaryfault where secondary (load carrying) systems are involved, i.e. redundancy.

7.2.4 Controlsystems

7.2.4.1 Stopfunctions

7.2.4.1.1 General

When necessary (as decided by the risk assessment), the safetyrelatedcontrolsystemshallprovidethefacilitytoallow operationalstopping,safetystoppingandemergencystopping of the amusement device. Stop functions shall have priority overrelatedstartfunctions.Stopfunctionsshallbecapableof beingactivatedbyeithermorethanonesystem(redundancy) orasinglesystemdependingontherisk.

7.2.4.1.2 Operationalstopfunctions

Thisfunctionhaltstheridefornormaloperationalreasons,e.g. forloadingandunloading.

7.2.4.1.3 Safetystopfunction

i. This function is intended to avert actual or impending danger and may be activated either manually or automatically.

ii. Itshallstoptherelevantpartsoftheamusementdeviceso astoreducetheoverallrisktoanacceptablelevelasquickly aspossible.

iii. A safety stop function shall override operational stop functionsbutnotemergencystopfunctions.

iv. Aftera safety stop,a restartmaynot takeplaceuntil the causeforthestophasbeenremoved.

v. The amusement device should reach standstill in the shortest time, commensurate with avoiding hazardous conditions with due regard to all safety requirements including:



a. Generalintegrityoftheamusementdevice;

b. Safeaccommodationofpassengers;and

c. Deceleration.

7.2.4.1.4 Emergencystopfunction

i. Whereappropriate,provisionshallbemade,accordingtothe riskassessment,foramanualemergencystop.

ii. Theamusementdeviceshouldreachstandstillintheshortest time,commensuratewithavoidinghazardousconditionswith regardtoallsafetyrequirementsincluding:

a. Generalintegrityoftheamusementdevice;

b. Safeaccommodationofpassengers;and

c. Deceleration.

iii. Anemergencystopfunctionshalloverrideoperationalstop functions.Afteranemergencystop,arestartmaynottake placeuntilthecauseforthestophasbeenremoved.

7.2.4.2 Safetyrelatedparameters

i. Meansshall beprovided toensure that thevaluesof the safetyrelatedparametersstaywithinpredeterminedlevels definedbytheriskassessment.

ii. Speed is an important safety critical parameter for amusementdeviceswhereaccelerationandconsequently forces are dependent on the speed of amusement ride elements.Therefore,speedcontrolcanpreventhazardous effectsonstructuresandpassengers.

Thefollowingspeedsshallbeconsidered:

a. Minimumoperationalspeed Theminimumspeednecessarytoensure,forastated

operational condition, the safe containment of passengers and the intended function and integrity of theamusementdevice.



b. Maximumoperationalspeed

Themaximumspeedatwhich,forastatedoperational condition,thesafecontainmentofpassengersandthe intendedfunctionandintegrityoftheamusementdevice areensuredduringrepeatedorsustaineduse.

c. Maximumachievablespeed The maximum value of speed achievable by an

amusement device element, without any restriction of control.

iii. Foraparticularpartoftheridecycletheremaybedifferent

operatingspeeds.Inparticular,thefollowingcriteriashallapply topreventtheamusementdeviceoperatingbeyondthedesign parameters.

a. Thecontrolsystemshallcontrolthespeedbetweenthe minimumandmaximumoperationalspeedsforthatpart oftheridecycle;

b. Eitherthedevicefailstoachieveaminimumoperating speed after a predetermined time, or the speed falls belowtheminimumoperationalspeed,afterwhichthe controlsystemshallperformasafetystop;

c. If the speed of the device rises above the maximum operating speed, the control system shall perform a safetystop.

iv. The risk assessment shall evaluate the effects on the amusementdeviceandpassengersduetoanyachievable speeds. In general, if the maximum achievable speed is lowerthanorequaltothemaximumoperationalspeed,the control system does not require additional speed control circuits,butifthemaximumachievablespeedisgreaterthan the maximum operational speed, additional means may benecessarytoensurethatthemaximumoperationalspeed isnotexceeded.Moreover,ifthemachinedoesnotreach, or falls below, the minimum operational speed, additional means may be needed to ensure that the minimum operationalspeedisachievedorasafetystopisperformed. The need for, and the integrity, of these means shall be determinedbyriskassessment.



7.2.4.3 Passengerrestraintstatus

Whereacontrolsystemisinvolvedintheoperating,interlockingor monitoringofpassengerrestraints,itsfunctionandintegrityshall bedeterminedinariskassessment.Thefollowingitemsshouldbe takenintoaccount.

i. Positioningforstarting

Thereshallbeaconfirmationofclosureandlockingbefore starting the ride cycle; this confirmation need not be automatic.

ii. Enablingofrelease

Itshallnotbepossibletoenablethereleaseoftherestraint devicesunlessitissafetodosoorunsafenottodoso.

iii. Alarmsandwarnings

Where an amusement device is used under the ultimate controlofanoperator,whomustrelyonaudiblealarmsor visibleindicationsasevidencethatrestraintdevicesarelocked intheclosedposition,suchalarmsorindicationsneedtobefail safe(hardware/software)iftheriskassessmentrequiresit.

v. Lossofpower

Lossofpowersupplyshallnot:

a. Allowthereleaseofrestraintdevicesunlesssuchrelease willnotendangerthepassengers;orasuitablesystemof workisinusetoensurepassengersafety;

b. Preventtheintentionalreleaseofrestraintdeviceswhen required toensure thesafetyof thepassengersor for operationalpurposes,e.g.manualrelease.

vi Monitoringofposition

The need for the monitoring of the position of passenger restraint devices and their interlock latches should be determinedbyriskassessment.



7.2.4.4 Collisionpreventionbycontrolsystems

7.2.4.4.1 General

Whererequiredbyariskassessment,ameansofpreventing unintentionalcollisionsshallbeprovided.

7.2.4.4.2 Block-zonecontrolsystem

i. A block-zone control system consists of the partial or complete sub-division of the rail or channel into sections, calledblock-zones,eachofwhichshallnotbeoccupiedby morethanonepassengerunitortrainatanyonetime.

ii. Thenumberofblock-zonesintowhichtherailorchannelis sub-dividedshallbesufficienttopreventcollisions.

iii. Insomedevicesdependentontheriskassessment,closer spacingof thepassengerunitsmaybeallowed inoneor moreoftheblock-zoneswithsafetybeingassuredbyother means. For example, speed may be restricted to allow passengerunits tocome intocontactwithoneanotherat stationareasorimmediatelybeforealiftinalogflume.

iv. Ablock-zonecontrolsystemshallbebased,asaminimum ingeneral,onthefollowingelements:

a. Meansofsignallingtheoccupiedstatusofablock-zone, e.g.occupancysensors;

b. Meansofsignallingtheclearstatusofablock-zone,e.g. clearancesensors;

c. Controllogic;

d. Deviceswhichcanstopthepassengerunitortrain,e.g. stoppingdevices.

v. The front section of each passenger unit or train, upon enteringablock-zone,shallsignal to thecontrol logic the occupied status of the block-zone. Only if the next block-zoneinthedirectionoftravelisclear,willapassenger unitortrainbeallowedtoleavetheblock-zoneinwhichitis currently situated. When leaving the block-zone, the rear section of the passenger unit or train shall signal to the controllogictheclearedstatusoftheblock-zone.

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vi. Thecontrolsystemshallperformasafetystop incaseof any failure which could lead to an increase in the risk to passengers,e.g.thefailureofoneoutofasetofredundant sensors or loss of power. On restoration of power includingelectrical,hydraulicorpneumaticpower,ifthereis no automatic system to ensure the safe restart of block- zone operation, the system shall prevent the opening of brakes except under a manual system of work. If an automaticrestartisprovided,itshallbeinitiatedmanually.

vii. The anti-collision function of the block-zone system shall notbede-activatedatanytime.

7.2.4.4.3. Requirements for the positioning of sensors and stopping devices

i. Stoppingdevicesshouldbelocatedsothat,afterastop,the passenger unit or train, in normal conditions, can be restartedsafely.

ii. In anyblock-zone, clearance sensors shall be so located that if thepassengerunitor trainstops foranyreasonas soonasitleavestheblock-zone,thefollowingunitortrain shallbepreventedfromcollidingwithitevenifitstopsinthe mostunfavourableconditionorpositionpossible.

iii. Theoccupancyandclearancesensorsshallbesolocated thatablock-zonehasbeen indicatedoccupiedbefore the previousblock-zoneiscleared.

7.2.4.4.4 Emergencybrakesandantirollbackdevices

Installationonwhichtheridesareconveyedontheascentramp bymeansofchains,ropes,frictionwheelsorbyselfpropulsion shallbeprovidedontheascentrampwithsafetydevicesorwith automaticallyactingbraketopreventrunningback.

�.3 Riskreductionbyprevailingdesignandsafetymeasures

7.3.1 General

Indesigninganamusementdevice,adesignerisrequiredto:



i. identifyhazardsassociatedwiththeuseofthedevice;

ii. ensure that an assessment is made to determine the risks associatedwithsuchidentifiedhazards;and

iii. controlsuchrisksbyimplementingmeasurestoeithereliminate orminimiserisks.

7.3.2 Hazardidentification

Hazards may be identified at any stage during the set-up, operationanddismantlingofamusementdevices.Ahazardisany activity,situationorsubstancethatcancauseharm.

7.3.3 Riskassessment

A systematic approach to assessing hazards which provides an objective measure of the hazards and allows hazards to be prioritisedandcompared.

7.3.4 Controlofrisk

Control of risk is the elimination or inactivation of a hazard in a mannersuchthatthehazarddoesnotposearisktopeoplewho havetoenteranamusementarea.

Note: Refer to Appendices G and H for Hazard Identification,

Risk Assessment and Risk Control Process. For details, pleaserefertothe‘GuidelinesforHazardIdentification,Risk AssessmentandRiskControl’issuedbyDOSH.

�.0 TESTING

�.� General

i. Before being put into service, an amusement ride or device shall undergothefollowingtests,asappropriatetothedevice:

a. Loadtest;

b. Out-of-balancetest;

c. Test to prove effectiveness of evacuation procedures, control devices, speed-limiting devices, brakes and other equipment providedforsafeoperation;



d. Hydraulicsystemtest;

e. Pneumaticsystemtest;and

f. Electricaltest.

ii. Prior to the test, the designer or manufacturer shall prescribe a scheduleonthemethodoftestinganditsacceptancecriteria.

iii. All testing shall be conducted in the presence of the designer or authorisedpersonnominatedbythedesigner.

iv. ForCategoryIamusementdevices,testingrequiredunderpara(i)(a), (b)and(c)shallbeconductedinthepresenceofaDOSHofficer.

�.2 Loadtest

Theloadtestshallbecarriedoutbyoperatingthedeviceatthenominal full speed and service condition, with each passenger carrying device loadedasrecommendedbythedesigner,butnotexceeding100%ofthe designload.

�.3 Out-of-balancetest i. The device shall be considered satisfactory for use at the specified

designloadratingifitoperatessafelyundertestwithoutanyadverse effectsonanyofitsparts.

ii. Wherethedesignofanamusementrideordevicecatersforadegree of out-of-balance loading, thedesigner shall specify theappropriate testtoconfirmthestrengthandstabilityofthedeviceaccordingtothe design.Thespecifiedout-of-balancetestshallbecarriedout,andits resultsdocumented,bythedesignerorotherauthorisedperson.

iii. Wheresuchpermissibleout-of-balance isa featureof thedesign, it shall be confirmed, as part of the test, that the limits for out-of- balanceoperationareappropriate,asspecified in theoperationand maintenancemanualforthedevice.

iv. Wherespecificdataarenotprovidedbythedesigner,ornotspecified intheoperationandmaintenancemanual,anauthorisedpersonshall assesstherideordeviceandestablishappropriatelimitsforout-of-balance loading.Thedeviceshallbetestedunder theconditionsestablished andshallbeconsideredtohavepassedthetest,providednoadverse vibration, harmonic oscillation or movement relative to footings and

2�Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia


foundations iswitnessed.Uponcompletionofsucha test, the limits determinedshallbenotedintheoperationandmaintenancemanual aslimitsforoperation.

�.4 Hydraulicorpneumatictest The following tests shall be conducted to establish the integrity of a

hydraulicorpneumaticsystemanditscomponents,inaccordancewiththe specificationssuppliedbythemanufacturerordesigner:

i. Operationalteststoprovethecorrectoperationofthesystemandall safetydevices;and

ii. Pressureteststotesteachpartofthesystematthemaximumworking pressuresustainedunderallconditionsofintendeduse.

�.� Electricaltest Electrical test to assess compliance with any accepted international

standardsandrequirementsofrelevantauthority.

�.6 Certification Testingatthecompletionofinitialinstallationandcommissioningshallbe

conductedinaccordancewiththescheduleprescribedbythedesignerand inthepresenceofeitherthedesignerortheauthorisedpersonnominated bythedesigner.Uponcompletionofthetest,thedesignerornominated authorisedpersonshallcertifyinwritingthatthedevicehasbeentestedin accordancewiththerequirementofthemanufacture/designcode.

�.0 INSTALLATION,OPERATIONANDMAINTENANCE �.� Scope

This section specifies requirements for the installation, operation, maintenance, inspection and fire safety measures for permanent and temporaryamusementdevices.

�.2 Standardsdocumentation

Thedocumentationwhichshallbeavailableforeveryamusementrideis:

i. Operationandmaintenancemanual;and

ii. Technicalfile.



Note: i. Thecontentsoftheoperationandmaintenancemanualare

describedinAppendixE. ii. ThecontentsofthetechnicalfilearedescribedinAppendixF.

�.3 Dutiesandresponsibilitiesofpersonnel

9.3.1Controller

i. Dutiesofcontroller

Thecontrollersupervisesanddirects: a. Erectionanddismantling;

b. Maintenance;

c. Servicing;

d. Repair;and

e. Modification.

ii. Responsibilities

Thecontrollerofanamusementrideordeviceshallberesponsiblefor ensuringthat:

a. Legislationpertainingtooccupationalsafetyandhealthiscomplied with;

b. Allmanufacturer’sinstructionsrelatingtothesafeoperationofthe amusementdevicearefollowed;

Note: Additionalsafetycriteriaasspecifiedbythedesigner,manufacturer,

importer,supplier,erectoror(whereimplemented)anyquality assurancescheme,mustalsobemet.

c. Alloperatingstaff receivesufficient trainingand instruction in the safeset-upoperationandmaintenanceof thedevices (including traininginemergencyprocedures,operationofemergencycontrols and,whereappropriate, retrieval/rescueof riders) for themtobe consideredauthorisedpersons,andthattheyacceptresponsibility forthecontrolofallactivitiesofthedevice;



d. Sufficient fencing, handrails, guards and temporary barriers are suppliedandinstalledinaccordancewiththerequirementsofrelated legislationandacceptedinternationalstandards;

e. Eachamusement ride issubjected toahazard identification risk assessmentandriskcontrolprocessbyanauthorisedpersoneach timethedeviceissetup;

Note: Appendix G contains a flow chart for typical hazard

identification, risk assessment and risk control process whichmaybeappliedtoamusementdevices.

f. Ridersreceivesufficientinstructionstobeabletoparticipatesafelyin anamusementridewithoutputtingthemselvesorothersatrisk;

Note: Appendix A contains guidance on instructions to riders

relatingtoriderresponsibility.

g. Thelevelofnoisetowhichoperatingstaffandridersareexposedshall bebelowthespecifiedlegallimits;

h. Adailylogoftheactivitiesofthedeviceiskept; i. Acopyofthemanufacturer’sinstructionsiskeptwiththedeviceatall

times;

j. The records and documentation relating to the device (including records of testing of equipment and staff training) are fully maintained;

k. All maintenance, replacements, repairs, modifications and inspectionsarecarriedout inaccordancewithClauses9.10and 9.11;and

l. Aqualityassuranceschemeisimplementedwherenecessary.

iii. Delegationofcontroller’sresponsibilities

When, for any reason, the controller is not able to accept direct responsibilityforthesafetyofadevice,thecontrollershallappointan authorised person as a supervisor. The supervisor shall accept the responsibilitiesof thecontroller in thecontroller’sabsence, including



thoseoutlined inClause9.3.1(ii),andthe locationof thesupervisor shall be knownbyandaccessible to theoperating staff at all times whilethedeviceisoperating.

9.3.2Amusementrideoperator

Thedutiesoftheamusementrideoperatorare:

i. An amusement ride operator shall be in immediate control of every amusementrideatalltimeswhenitisavailableforusetomembersof thepublic.Inaddition,theminimumnumberofrideattendantsneeded tooperate thedevicesafelyshallbeondutyatall times the ride is operating;

ii. Theamusementrideoperatorshallimmobilisethedeviceandtakeall reasonablestepstopreventaccesstoitbymembersofthepublicat timeswhenthedeviceisnotintendedforpublicuse;

iii. Anamusementrideoperatorshallnotbeinchargeofmorethanone rideatanyonetime,andshallbeincontrolthroughouttheridecycle of thedevice.When inuseby thepublic; nopersonother than the amusement rideoperatorora traineeunderdirect supervisionshall handle or interfere with the operation of the device, except in an emergency;

iv. An amusement ride operator in charge of an amusement ride and device shall not operate thedevice sloweror faster than the speed rangespecifiedinthemanufacturer’smanualoratanylowermaximum speed which has been set by the controller. Where there is a particular requirement to load passengers into the device in a particularpattern,theamusementrideoperatorinchargeofthedevice shallensurethatthisloadingiscorrectlycarriedout;

v. Where appropriate, the amusement ride operator of an amusement deviceshallbeprovidedwitheffectivemeansofcommunicatingany necessaryinstructionstomembersofthepublicusingthedevice;

vi. Theamusement rideoperator shall ensure that guardsprovided for dangerous parts of the machinery, power units and transmission machineryaremaintainedinpositionwheneverthedeviceisinmotion orinuse;

vii. The amusement ride operator shall take all reasonably practicable measurestoprohibitmembersofthepublicfromusingthedevicewhen heconsidersthemincapableofdoingsosafely;and



viii.Theamusementrideoperatorshallensureasfaraspracticablethat therideattendantcarriesouthisdutiesinasafemanner.

9.3.3Rideattendant

Dutiesofrideattendant:

i. Every ride attendant shall carry out his duties in accordance with instructionsgiventohimandwithdueregardtothesafetyofmembers ofthepublicandothersworkingwithhimonthedevice;

ii. Arideattendantwhilstatworkatanamusementdeviceshallcarryout hisdutiesinamannerwhichputsneitherhimselfnoranyotherperson atriskbecauseofhisactions.

9.3.4Trainingofpersonnel Theamusementrideoperatorshallreceivesuitableandsufficienttraining

intheworkingsofthedevicetoensurethathehasadequateknowledge of:

i. The operation method of the amusement device itself and of any particularmeasurestobetakentoensurethatthedeviceisoperated inasafemanner;

ii. Thedutiesthathavetobecarriedoutbytherideattendantsworkingon theamusementdevicetoensureitssafeoperation;

iii. Anyspecificmeasurethathastobeadoptedtoensurethesafetyof passengerswherethisisappropriate;

iv. Thesteps required toensure thatappropriateaction is taken in the event of an emergency arising at the device for which he is the amusement ride operator. The attendant appointed to work on any amusementdeviceshallreceivesuitableandsufficienttraininginthe workingsofthedevicetoensurethathehasadequateknowledgeof:

a. Thetaskheisrequiredtoperformontheamusementdevice;

b. The procedure for reporting any breakdown or defect which he notices;and

c. Themeasuresoractionwhichheisrequiredtotakeintheeventof anemergencyarisingonthedevice;



v. The amusement ride operator and attendant shall be properly instructedontheirdutiesrelatingtotheuseofcontainmentorrestraint equipmentprovidedforthesafetyofriders.

�.4 Sitelayout,assemblyanderectionandelectricalrequirement

9.4.1Choiceofsite

Thegroundchosenasthesiteshouldhaveafirmsurface,bewelldrained andshallbecapableofcarryingsafely,withoutexcessivesettlement,any loadslikelytobeimposeduponit.Thefollowingadditionalfactorsshould alsobeconsideredinthechoiceofasite:

i. Theslopeorunevennessoftheground;

ii. Perimeterprotection;

iii. Availabilityofservices,e.g.electricity,water,drainageandsewerage, andfireservices;

iv. Prevailingorpossiblewindspeed;

v. Accessandegressforriders,emergencyvehiclesandequipment;

vi. Theproximityofsurroundingbuildings,naturalobjectsandcultivated areasinrelationtothepotentialforcollisionandtheriskofthespread offire;

vii. Theairspaceabovetheoperatingzone;

viii.Knownhistoryofthesite;

ix. Theproximityofotherdevices;

x. Theproximityofelectrifiedconductors;

xi. Thepossibilityofuplift,causedbytheactionofthedeviceitselforby thewindactinguponit,andtheeffectofsuchupliftupontheground chosenforthesite;and

xii. Thepositionofundergroundservicesoroverheadcableswhichmay presenthazardsduringtheerectionoroperationofthedevice.



9.4.1.1 Preparationofsite

Thesiteshouldbepreparedandmaintainedsothatitprovidesaneven surfaceforthosepartstowhichthepublichasaccess.Careshouldbe taken to avoid creating hazards which may cause people to trip orstumble.

9.4.1.2 Conditionofsite

Theconditionofthesiteshouldbecheckedregularlytoensurethatits load-bearing capabilities have not deteriorated. Settlement in the groundmaycauseinstability,thusrequiringrepackingandre-levelling ofadevice.

9.4.1.3 Locationandclearance

When establishing the positional relationship between amusement devices and between devices and fixed structures or objects, controllersshallapplythefollowingprinciples:

i. Theproximitytootherfixedormobilestructuresorservicesshallbe consideredbeforebuildingofthedevice;

ii. Adeviceshallbesitedsothatthereisnodangerousupliftpresent, whichmaybecausedbytheactionofwindforcesonthedevice itself;

iii. Arrangementsothatthepublichassafeaccesstoeachdeviceat entranceandexistpoints;

iv. Sufficientclearanceshallbeprovidedbetweenandabovedevices onmainaccess routes toprovideaccess foremergencyservice vehiclesandaccesstofixedfirehydrants;and

v. Sufficient clearance between adjacent amusement devices, buildingsorotheroccupiedareassoastominimisetheriskoffire spreading.

9.4.2 Set-upandoperationnearpowerlines

i. Unless written permission has been obtained from the power supplyauthorityandtherequiredspecialproceduresspecifiedby that authority are followed, any part of an amusement device, whetherpermanentlyinstalledormobile,shallnotencroachonthe limits set out below during set-up, installation or operation near powerlines:

2� Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia


ii. Forinstallationorerectionofanamusementrideordeviceatany site,thecontrollershallensurethatnoundergroundcables,either permanentortemporary,cancomeintocontactwithspikesorpegs driven into the ground, and that any site preparation will not damagesuchcables.

9.4.3 Locationswithinbuildings Whereadeviceiswithinabuildinghavingotherfunctions,e.g.within

a shopping complex or hall, specific attention shall be paid to the followingtoensurecompatibilityoftheemergencyproceduresforthe devicewiththoseofthebuildingorcomplex:

i. Provisionofemergencysystemstoeffectdisembarkation;

ii. Special features required for operation under fire or emergency evacuationconditions,includingprovisionofemergencylightingfor evacuation paths and areas around the device, which operating staffmayneedtoaccesstoeffectevacuation;and

iii. Training of operators and proof of procedures to address emergencyevacuationrequirements.

9.4.4 Lighting

Adequatelightingshallbeprovidedwithin,andfortheapproachesto, anydevicethatoperatesinabuildingoratnight.

�.� Erectionanddismantling

9.5.1 General

Theassemblyanddismantlingofdevicesshallbecarriedoutbyor underthedirectsupervisionofauthorisedpersonsandinaccordance withthemanufacturer’sinstructions.

PowerLine Lessthan600V

Morethan600V

Fordistributionlinesonpoles

For transmission lineson towersunless designated otherwise bytheelectricitysupplyauthority

4.57m

2.1m 4.57m



9.5.2 Supervisionandpersonnel

i. The assembly and dismantling of amusement devices shall be carriedoutbyorunder thedirectsupervisionof thecontrolleror authorisedpersontrainedorexperiencedinsuchwork.

ii. Devicesshallbecorrectlyassembledordismantledinaccordance withthemanufacturer’swritteninstructions.

9.5.3 Lighting Work should not be carried out where the lighting is insufficient to

enableworktobeperformedsafely.

9.5.4 Publicsafety

i. No work in connection with the assembly or dismantling of amusement devices shall be carried out where such work may present a hazard to the public.Any zones of concern around a deviceduringassemblyordismantlingshouldbeclearlydelineated withappropriatesignageposted.

ii. The controller shall operate in full compliance with all laws, prescriptionsandregulationsissuedbytherelevantauthorities.

9.5.5 Suitabilityofequipmentandparts Theparts, tools,workingplatforms,scaffoldingand liftingequipment

should be suitable for the application, and should comply with all Malaysianlawsandrelevantstandards.

9.5.6 Workingmethods

i. Asafeprocedureofworkshallbefollowedduringoperations.

ii. Wherethereisanytemporarystateofweaknessorinstabilityinthe deviceduringassemblyordismantling,allpracticableprecautions shallbetakentopreventdangerthroughthecollapseofanypartof thedevice.

iii. lf the structure is anchored by means of guy ropes and ground anchors,thesemustbefencedofforotherwiseprotectedsothat membersofthepublicoroperatingpersonneldonotwalkintothem ortripoverthem.

iv. Safeaccessduringerectionanddismantlingoperationsshall be provided.



v. Beforethedeviceismadeoperational,unauthorisedaccessshall bepreventedthroughopeningsinplatformsandthroughanygaps within the device, which are required for access only when the device is not in motion or use. Such openings or gaps shall be providedwithcovers,securelyfixedinpositionorwithbarriersand accessdoors,whicharesecurelyfastened.

vi. Upon completion of assembly, all components crucial to the safetyofthedevice,suchasstructuralelements,connectingparts, securingparts, safetydevices, theelectrical systemandbrakes, shallbecheckedtoensurethattheyhavebeenproperlyinstalled.

vii.Allstructuralmembersneededtoensurethestabilityandsafetyof adeviceshouldbeusedandcorrectlyfitted.Whereitisadesign requirement, the whole assembly shall be securely anchored to ensurethatitisstable.

viii.During assembly, all components shall be carefully and closely examinedforsignsofwear,deformationorotherdamage.

ix. Whereexcessivewearordamageisdiscovered,suchcomponents shall be replaced by components which meet the design specification before assembly and use. Temporary repairs using unsuitablecomponentsshallnotbemade.

x. Where necessary, all components shall be properly lubricated beforetheyareincorporatedintothedevice.

xi. Partsshouldbealignedandshouldnotbebent,distorted,cutor otherwisedamagedinordertoforceafit.

xii.Fastening and securing components of an appropriate type and sizeshallbeusedandcorrectlyadjusted.

xiii.Whererailtracksformpartofthedevice,theyshouldbeproperly laidandalignedsothatunitsrunsafelyandsmoothlyoverthem.

9.5.7 Groundpackingandblocking

9.5.7.1 General

Amusement devices shall be set up to maintain stability under all conditions of operation. Where packing and blocking are used to achievethis,thefollowingshouldbeconsideredintheirselectionand deployment:



i. Themanufacturer’sinstructions;

ii. Thebearingcapacityofthegroundormountingsurfaceonwhich thedeviceistobeerected;

iii. The period of time for which the device will be situated at the particularlocation;

iv. The drainage of the site both with and without the device in position;

v. The topographyof thesite inso faras itaffects theprovisionof levelsurfacesunder loadpoints,andthestabilityofsoilat those points(slippageproblems);

vi. Where a device is placed on a structure, for example a pier, a detailed calculation and examination shall be carried out to establishpermissibleloads;

vii.Nodeviceshallbeassembledonslopingorunevengroundunless suitablepackinghasbeenincorporatedwhichwillallowthedevice tobeusedsafely;and

viii.All materials used for packing shall be sound, suitable for the purpose, taking into account any instructions given by the manufacturer,andplacedinsuchapositionastopreventslipping andsinking.

9.5.7.2 Short-termset-ups

The following principles should be adhered to for the packing of amusementdevices,where theset-up is foraperiodnotexceeding 3monthsandwherespecific instructions,equipmentorsystemsare notprovidedbythemanufacturerofthedevice:

i. Thesiteshouldbecheckedfordrainageandtheabsenceofsoft spots,sinkholesorotherfactorswhichwouldaffectthecapacityor stabilityofthepackingatanyoftheloadpoints;

ii. Thegroundshouldbeclearedofdebrisandsurfaceirregularities inthelocationoftheloadpoints,andlevelledatthosepointseither bycuttingorbuildingupwithasuitablefillsuchasbricksand;

iii. Packingshouldbeassembledfromblocksandshims:



a. Blocksshouldbeoftimberorreinforcedconcrete,andshould be free of defects. They should be in square or rectangular sections and cut cleanly with parallel sides. Masonry blocks, bricks or similar materials should not be used for short-term set-ups;

b. Shims(packingoflessthan32mmtimberor25mmplywood)

shouldbefromsteelormoistureresistantplywoodorshouldbe ofhighquality,dressedhardwoodwiththicknessgreater than 8mm;and

c. Brittlefibrecompositesshouldnotbeusedinanypacking;

iv. No packing, block or stack should have a ground bearing area dimensionlessthanthatoftheloadpoint(float,jackorsimilar)to which it applies. Blocks in ground contact in any circumstance shouldprovideanareanotlessthan200mmx200mm;

v. Packingstacksshouldbeassembledfromtheminimumnumberof individual blocks, constructed in alternate layers of increasing dimension (from top down) so as to maintain stability. Bridged packing layers should be avoided. Shims installed to level and stabilise layers should be fixed by nailing as the layers are constructed;and

vi. Beforeadeviceisputintooperation,packingshouldbecheckedto ensure that it is securely fixed in position and does not permit differential settlement, which may be detrimental to the safe runningandstabilityofthedevice.

9.5.8 Controlstations

i. Control stations shall be situated where any interference by the public may be prevented. Wherever possible, control stations should be located to provide the operator of the device with an unrestrictedviewofallembarkationanddisembarkationstations.

ii. Whereadevicehasremoteareasorareasobscuredfromtheview oftheoperator,meansofobservingandcommunicatingwithriders shouldbeprovidedatthecontrolstation.

9.5.9 Access Accessdoorsandhatchesandanygapsonorbeneathdevices,which

arelargeenoughtopermitunauthorisedaccessofawholeorpartofa body,shouldbesealedoreffectivelyguarded.

9.5.10 Fences,handrails,guardsandtemporarybarriers



9.5.10.1 General

Anamusementrideordeviceshallbeprovidedwithfences,handrails, guardsandtemporarybarriersorotherapparatusandcontrolsasmay benecessaryto:

i. Confine operating staff and riders within the boundaries of the devicetosafeareas;

ii. Ensure the safety of persons in the vicinity of the device (e.g. spectators,passers-byandthosequeuingtousethedevice)other thanridersusingthedevicewhenitisinoperation;and

iii. Ensurethesafetyofoperatingstaff.

and comply with the Factories and Machinery (Fencing of MachineryandSafety)Regulations1970.

9.5.10.2 Fencing

Fencing, where provided, shall have sufficient strength and stability andshall:

i. Delineatethezoneofconcern;

ii. Benotlessthan1minheightaboveadjacentsurfaces;and iii. Be constructed to effectively prevent any person from moving

throughitorunderit,thusimpedingunaidedaccesstothezoneof concern.

9.5.10.3 Guards Guards,whereprovided,shallpreventapersonreaching(withanypart

ofthebody)intotheclearancespacethatappliestoanyvehicleofan amusement device. Guards, whether in combination with fences or othermeans,shallalsopreventanypersonfromreachingwithin1mof anymovingpartofthedevicewithanypartofthebody.

9.5.10.4 Temporarybarriers

Temporary barriers, where provided, shall be not less than 1 m in height, and shall remain stable when loaded by a horizontal force appliedinanydirection,totheuppermostedge.Theyshallbepainted inadistinctivecolourandshallcarrysignsmarked‘NOACCESS’ in lettering not less than 75 mm in height and of a contrasting colour whichareplacedatappropriateintervalsalongtheirlength.



9.5.11 Dischargeofexhaustfumes Engine exhaust fumes or noxious fumes from any source shall be

dischargedclearofanypersonsorequipment.

�.6 Careofequipment

9.6.1 Mechanicalequipment

i. It isnecessarytotakespecialcareofsafetycriticalcomponents. They must be carefully checked before erection. They shall not havesignsoftear,breakageorotherdamage.

ii. Particulars and assembly units defined as having a specified operationallifemustbecheckedtoverifytheircompletefunctional safety.

iii. Whencranesareusedfortheerectionofheavycomponents,itis necessary to followcarefully the instructionsof themanufacturer inordernottoadoptunsuitable liftingmethodswhichmaycause damageandconsequentdangerduringoperation.

iv. Allmechanicalprecisionfittingsmustbeerectedwithoutabnormal stresses.

v. Allpinsmustbeprovidedwithsafetylocknutsandwashersorwith splitpins,castellatednutswithsplitpins,etc.Itisnecessarytogive closeattentiontoboltedcouplings.Tighteningtorquesusedmust besuitabletothedimensionofboltsandtheirclassofsturdiness. There must be available torque wrenches for bolted couplings, whichareimportantforthesafetyoftheamusementdevice.

9.6.2 Hydraulicandpneumaticequipment

i. Piping,hosing,reliefvalves,etc.shallnotbedamaged,weathered orflattened.

ii. Thereshallnotbeleakages.

�.� Electricalrequirements

9.7.1 General i. All electrical equipment used in the assembly, erection and

operation of an amusement device shall comply with the requirementofrelevantauthorities.



ii. Installation work in relation to connection to the main electricity supplymustbecarriedoutbyanauthorisedperson.

iii. Electricallightfittingsmustbepositionedinsuchawaythattherisk offireisminimised.

9.7.2 Switchboardsandswitchpanels

Allswitchboardsandswitchpanelsshallbemountedinkey-lockable enclosureslocatedinapositionnotreadilyaccessibletounauthorised persons.

9.7.3 Specificrequirementsforallelectricalinstallations Allelectricalinstallationsshallcomplywiththefollowingrequirements:

i. Exposed lamps shall not be installed within arm’s reach of any positionaccessibletothepublic;

ii. An electric cable passing under an amusement device or within 900mmofanymovingpartthereofshallbeadequatelyprotected;

iii. Nodamagedor faultycable,appliance,switchorelectrical fitting shallbepermittedorretainedaspartofanyelectricalinstallation;

iv. Whereanamusementdeviceisconnectedbymeansofaflexible cordandplugtoavoltagesupply:

a. Anysuspendedwiringshallbeofstrandedcablesandshallnot bewithinarm’sreachofthegroundorfloorlevel;and

b. Any electrical wiring that is on the ground and vulnerable to damageshallbemechanicallyprotected.

9.7.4 Emergencylighting i. Emergencylightingshallbeusedtoilluminateexitsignsdeployed,

exceptwherenaturallightduringpowerfailurewouldbeadequate. Suchemergencylightingshallbeinspectedandmaintained.

ii. Wherethenatureoftheconstructionpreventstheuseofinternally illuminated exit signs (e.g. light fabric walls), painted signs illuminated by general and emergency lighting may be used. Inaddition,thefollowingrequirementsshallapply:



a. Where the emergency power is not generated by a self- contained power source within the device, an emergency generatororcentralbatterysystemshallbeused;

b. The emergency lighting and exit sign system shall be tested onaregularbasis.Formobileamusementdevices,thistesting shalltakeplaceeachtimethedeviceissetup,andpriortodaily operation.

9.7.5 Lightningprotection

If lightning protection is supplied with the amusement device, it shallbedeployedeachtimethedeviceiserected.

9.7.6 Groundingofdevices

Allamusement ridesordeviceswhichareelectricallypoweredshall beeffectivelygrounded.

9.7.7 Specialsafetydevices/emergencyequipment

Specialsafetydevicesandspecialemergencyequipmentwhichare listedinthemanufacturer’smanualshallbesubjecttospecialcareat allrelevanttimes.

�.� Trialoperationandcheck

9.8.1 Aftererectionandbeforeputtingintouse

i. Aftererection,acheckshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththe checklistofthemanufacturer.

ii. After assembly, it shall beensured that thedevice is stableand firmlyinposition.

iii. Theoperatorand/orthecontrollershallconductoneormoretrial runs without the public according to the instructions of the manufacturer,simulating,wherepossible,emergencysituationsto verifythatthesafetyequipmentandemergencyequipmentarein properworkingorder.

9.8.2 Dailycheckandtrialrun

i. Eachamusementdeviceshallbecheckeddailyoratmorefrequent intervalswherenecessaryeachdaybeforeitismadeavailablefor usebythepublic.



ii. The check shall be carried out by the controller or authorised persononhisbehalf.Theauthorisedpersoncarryingoutthecheck shall be sufficiently trained or experienced in the check routines thathavetobecarriedout.

iii. Dailychecksshallconcentrateontheproperfunctioningofthose partsofthedevicewhich,shouldtheyfail,couldresultinpersonal injury.

iv. The device shall not be made available to the public until any adjustmentsorrepairs judgedtobenecessaryasaresultof this inspectionhavebeensatisfactorilycompleted.

v. The components to be checked shall be recorded in a daily checklist which forms part of the log book as prescribed in AppendixJ.

9.8.3 Inspectionofsafetyandemergencydevices

Themanufacturer’swritteninstructionsshallbefollowed.

�.� Operation

9.9.1 Startupdaily

Before an amusement device is made available to the public, the amusement ride operator shall make a complete trial run including, ifpossible,emergencytestcontrols.

9.9.2 Loadingandunloadingofpassengers

i. Every passenger carrying amusement device shall be loaded in amannerwhichensures thatallpassengersareaccommodated andcarriedsafely.

ii. Wherethereisaparticularrequirementtoloadpassengersintoa partlyfilledcarordeviceinaparticularpattern,theamusementride operator inchargeof thedeviceshallensure that this loading is correctlycarriedout.

iii. Therideattendantandoperatorshallensurethateachpassenger is appropriately positioned and that any restraint equipment is effectivelyfastenedinpositionbeforeeitherstartingtheridecycle, orgivinganysignalorformofindicationthattheridecyclemaybe started.



iv. Passengers shall be excluded from using any part of a device wheretheequipmentforcontainmentorrestraintisdefective.

v. Theridecycleshallnotbestarteduntilithasbeenestablishedthat no persons in the vicinity are in positions of danger due to the motionofthedevice.

vi. Theloadingareamustbefreeduringtheoperatingcycle.

vii.Thecontrollerofanamusementdeviceshallregularlyreviewthe efficiency and adequacy of safety arrangements in the light of experience or changing circumstances, and where appropriate, modifyor improve thearrangements inuse.Hemustnotmodify safety devices or the safety procedure without consulting the manufacturerordesigner.

viii.Wherethereisapossibilitythatthepassengersonanamusement devicemaybecomestrandedawayfromthedisembarkationpoint, instructions shall be prepared which detail the arrangements for conveyingthemsafelyandwithoutunduedelaytothesafeplace, preferablyintheunitinwhichtheyaretravelling.Inthecaseofa darkride,theinstructionsshalldetailarrangementsforconveying passengerstotheexit.Thearrangementsshallbesuitableforall persons allowed to use the device, and should be known and understoodbytherideoperatorandtherideattendantworkingon thedevice.

ix. Areasonorneardeviceswhereitisnotsafeforpersonstostand shall either be fenced off or be clearly indicated and so far as practicable, members of the public prevented from encroaching uponthem.

9.9.3 Duringoperationcycle

Allpassengercarryingamusementdevices,whenavailableforuseby the public, shall at all times be in the immediate charge of a ride operatorwhoiscapableofworkingthedevicecompetentlyinasafe mannerwithduecareforpassengersafety.

9.9.4 Supervisionofthepublic

Whereit isforeseeablethatparticularpassengersorridersbyvirtue of theirphysicalcharacteristicsmaybeat riskoncertainpassenger carryingamusementdevicesbecauseof thenatureof theride, they shallbeidentifiedandexcluded,sofaraspracticable,unlesssufficient additionalprotectioncanbegiventothem.



9.9.5 Instructiontothepublic

i. Legiblenoticesorsignsshallbeprominentlydisplayed,clearlyand simplystatingany limitationsas towhohas tobeexcluded from beingcarriedonthedevice.

ii. Theinformationonsuchsignsshouldincludethefollowing:

a. Minimumageofusers;

b. Minimumormaximumallowableheight/weightofriders;

c. Carryingofbulkyitems(sticks,umbrellas,etc.)isprohibited;

d. Maintainingoftheintendedpassengerposition(i.e.noleaning out, stretching out arms or legs nor standing up during operation);

e. Anyotherspecificadviceonthesafeoperationofthedevice;

f. Advice forpassengerswhoare ill,undermedicationorunder theinfluenceofalcoholordrugs;

g. Otherrestrictionssuchaspersonswhohaveheartdiseasesor

arepregnant,etc.

iii. Rideattendantsandoperatorsshall,sofarastheycanreasonablydo so,ensurethatsuchexclusionsareenforced.

iv. Otherkindsofvisualoraudiblesignalsmustbeavailableparticularly foremergencysituations.Theymustbekeptinworkingorderand testedbeforetheamusementdeviceoperates.

9.9.6 Outofoperation

Themainswitchandallotherswitchesshallbeswitchedoffandthe starting key shall be removed.Unauthorisedaccess to theoperator cabinshallbeavoidedbykeepingitsecurelylocked.

9.9.7 Environmentallimitation

The owner should cease the operation of all amusement devices wheneverthereisaseverechangeinenvironmentalconditionsuchas lightning, strong wind or earthquake except to release or discharge riders. The owner should follow the restriction stipulated in the manufacturer’smanual.



�.�0 Maintenance,replacement,repairandmodifications

9.10.1 General

i. All replacements, repairs and modifications of amusement rides and devices, including discrete systems and components within them,shallbecarriedoutbyauthorisedpersonsandshallbe:

a. Inaccordancewiththedesignerormanufacturer’sinstructions;

b. Fullydocumented;and

c. Recordedinthetechnicalfilewiththedeviceorrecordedand keptelsewhereforfuturepurposes.

ii. Intheabsenceofinstructionsfromthedesignerormanufacturer, those authorised persons involved in the maintenance, replacement, repair and inspection of amusement rides and devicesshouldbeable todemonstrateknowledgeof theoriginal intentionsofthedesignerormanufacturer.

iii. Preventivemaintenanceprogrammesandinspectionroutinesshall beimplementedforthemovingandload-bearingcomponentsand structural members of an amusement device, to maintain mechanical and structural integrity and to identify areas of excessive rust, wear, fatigue or any other condition which could leadtothefailureofsuchcomponentsandstructuralmembersand compromisethesafetyofpassengersandoperatingstaff.

iv. Followingmajormaintenanceandrepair,andatrandomintervals on other occasions, a hazard identification and risk assessment procedure should be completed to ensure new hazards are not present, and residual risks identified by the designer or manufacturerarenotincreased.

9.10.2 Maintenance

Allmaintenanceworkonanamusementdeviceshallbecarriedoutby orunderthedirectsupervisionofpersonstrainedorexperiencedinthe maintenanceproceduresappropriatetothatdeviceandinaccordance withthedesignerormanufacturer’sinstructions.

9.10.3 Servicing

i. The servicing intervals recommended by the manufacturer shall not be exceeded unless any extension in the period has been discussedandagreedwiththemanufacturer.



ii. Thefrequenciesatwhichservicingshallbecarriedoutshallbein compliancewiththemanufacturer’srecommendations.

iii. Servicing recommendations shall deal with all components that have to be checked, tested, lubricated, adjusted or replaced at specifiedintervals.

Wherenecessary,theserecommendationsshallcover:

a. Diagrams of the mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and pneumaticsystems,andofthesafetyandsecuritysystems;

b. Instructions concerning the action to be taken in checking, testing, lubricating, adjusting or replacing, as well as for the dismantlingandassemblyofcomponents;

c. Specificationsoftherequiredconditionofthepartsinquestion, andthepermitteddeviations;

d. Specificationsof thecomponents,materialsand lubricants to beused;and

e. The intervalsatwhich thevariouschecksandservicingwork shallbecarriedout.

iv. Theridecontrollershallensurethatreplacementpartsfittedduring servicingoperationsareofthecorrectspecification.Ifitbecomes necessarytousereplacementpartswhicharedifferentfromthose specifiedbythemanufacturer,theridecontrollershalltreatthese changesasamodification.

9.10.4 Modification

i. Anymodificationto:

a. Designspecification;

b. Structures;

c. Safetydevicecomponents;

d. Emergencyequipment;and

e. Performances



shallbecarriedoutonlyafterconsultationwith themanufacturer or approval is obtained from the Director General of the Department of Occupational Safety and Health for Category Iamusementdevices.

ii. Modification work shall be carried out in accordance with the approvedproposal.

iii. Followinganysuchmodification,thosepartsofthedeviceinvolved shallbesubjectedtofurtherthoroughinspectionandtestingbyan approvedinspectionbodybeforethedeviceisputintouse.

iv. Theapproveddocumentation shall be compiledand kept by the controllerinthetechnicalfile.

v. The report on examination after repair or modification shall be includedinthetechnicalfile.

vi. Thedateandmodificationworkmustberecordedinthelogbook.

9.10.5 Repair

AnyrepairmadeonanyCategoryIamusementdevicesshallbesuch thatthestrengthoftherepairedareaorcomponentismaintainedor increased.Wheredamagehasoccurreddue toanycause requiring welding,straightening,machiningorreplacingofmainframes,struts orothercomponentparts,theownerorcontrollerorlesseeshallobtain approvalfromtheDirectorGeneraloftheDepartmentofOccupational SafetyandHealth.Theparticularsof repairshallberecorded in the technicalfile.Thefollowingprocedureshallapply:

i. Anauthorisedpersonshallassesswhether thedamagerequires replacementorrepair;

Note: This assessment should take note of the manufacturer’s opinion.

ii. Detailed instructions and procedure shall be prepared and the repairshallberecorded;

iii. Therepairshallbecheckedforqualityduringtheperformanceof therepairwork;



iv. Uponcompletion, the repairworkshallbe tested todemonstrate thatthecomponentwillperforminthesamemannerastheoriginal component;

v. Thematerialused forany repair shallbeequal toorsuperior in specificationtotheoriginalmaterialsothatitwillnotgiverisetoany unwanted effect likely to reduce the overall performance of the component;and

vi. Uponcompletionoftherepairwork,thedeviceshallbetestedand certified by an approved inspection body before being put into use.

9.10.6 Replacement

9.10.6.1 General

In the event of failure of any structural, moving, braking or load- bearingcomponentofanamusementdevice,thatcomponentshallbe replacedbyacompatiblecomponentofequalorgreaterstrength.Any replacementshallberecordedinthetechnicalfile.

9.10.6.2 Hydraulicandpneumaticsystemcomponents

i. Replacements for any of the components in hydraulic and pneumaticsystems:

a. Shallbecompatiblewithexistingparts;

b. Shall be equal to or superior in specification to the original parts;

c. Shallnotchangetheoperatingparametersofthedevice;and

d. Shallnotadverselyaffecttheperformanceandsafeoperation ofthedevice.

ii. Where the failure of any hose may affect the safety of riders or operating staff, it shall be replaced as part of a preventive maintenanceprogramme, implemented inaccordancewitheither thehoseordevicemanufacturer’sinstructions.



�.�� Inspection

9.11.1 Generalinspection

i. Everyamusementdeviceinuse,togetherwithallitsancillaryparts, shallbethoroughlyinspectedatappropriateintervals.

ii. Anyinspectionprocedureandschedulespecifiedbythedesigner or manufacturer shall be implemented and recorded in the technicalfile.

iii. Inthecaseoftemporaryamusementdevices,thoroughinspection shouldbecarriedoutby theauthorisedpersonbeforebeingput intouseateachinstallation.

9.11.2 Visualinspection

i. Allamusementdevicesrequireavisualexaminationaspartofthe thoroughexamination.

ii. Any visual inspection may require supplementing with non- destructive testing (NDT) at the discretion of the approved inspection body. The ride structure should be observed for deformities,i.e.buckled,bentordentedmembers,looseormissing parts,cracks.

iii. Structural members should be examined for deterioration, such asrustingofsteel,rottingofwood/plywood,degradationoftextile membranes.

iv. Passengerrestraintdevicesshouldbecloselyexaminedforwear, correctadjustment,correctoperationandanchorage.

v. Critical welds, bolts, pins, joints, should be closely examined forevidenceofcrackorexcessivewear.

vi. Visualinspectionofweldjointsisparticularlyrelevantwherewelds arebeingexaminedforthefirsttimeaftermodificationorrepair.

vii.Electricalandelectronic installationsshouldbeexaminedforany modificationsordeterioration.



9.11.3 Initialinspection

i. Amusementdevicesshallbesubjectedtoaninitialinspectionafter installation.ForCategoryIamusementdevices,theinspectionshall becarriedoutbyDOSH.

ii. The installationof anamusementdevice shall be inaccordance withtheapproveddesigndocuments;

iii. UponinspectionofaCategoryIamusementdeviceandpayment oftheprescribedfee,theinspectorshall,whereheissatisfiedthat such device complies with the provisions of the Act and the regulations relating thereto, issue the appropriate certificate of fitness.

iv. The period of validity of all certificates of fitness in respect of Category I amusement devices shall be fifteen calendar months fromthedateofinspection.

9.11.4 Regularinspection

Everyrideshallbesubjectedtoadetailedinspectionprocedure,which takes into consideration all the manufacturer’s instructions. It shall haveNDTandaninspectionprogrammethatmonitorstheintegrityof criticalcomponentsasidentifiedbythedesignerormanufacturer.

9.11.5 Recordkeeping

All devices must have records kept of any tests, maintenance, inspections, commissioning or alteration of devices relevant to controllingrisksarisingfromthedevices.

i. Thecontrollershallmaintain,foraslongastherideisinoperation, and make available to DOSH for review during any audit or inspection,allofthefollowingrecordsincluding,butnotlimitedto:

a. Employeetrainingrecords; b. Maintenance, repair and inspection records for each

amusementride; c. Recordsofaccidentsassociatedwithamusementridesdueto

failure,malfunction,useoroperationoftheride,resultinginany injuryorfatality;

d. Recordsofincidentsassociatedwithamusementridesdueto failure,malfunction,useoroperationoftheride,resultinginno injury;



ii. The informationonaccidentsand incidents recordedpursuant to OccupationalSafetyandHealth(NADOOPOD)Regulations2004; and

iii. Eachaccident/incidentshallbeclassifiedaccordingtothefollowing categoriesbasedonthereliablereportedorobservedinformation:

a. “On ride accident/incident” – occurrence of accident/incident while the rider was riding the amusement ride which was in operation;

b. “Loading and unloading accident/incident” – occurrence of accident/incidentwhiletheriderwaswithintheareadesignated forloadingandunloadingoftheamusementride;

c. “Queuelineaccident/incident”–occurrenceofaccident/incident whiletheriderwasinlinefortheamusementride;

d. “Other” – occurrence of accident/incident in a location other thandescribedin(i)(a)through(iii)(c)above.

9.11.6 Logbook

Thecontrollerofamusementdevicesshallprovidealogbookforeach device.Thecontrollershallensureanup-to-datelogbookiskeptand maintainedforaslongastherideisinoperation,andmakeitavailable totheDOSHinspectorforreviewduringanyauditorinspection.The contentsofthelogbookareasprescribedinAppendixJ.

Thepurposeofthelogbookisasfollows:

i. Toensurethattherideisinspectedbyanauthorisedpersonbefore itisused;

ii. Torecordtheparticularsoferectionorinstallation; iii. Torecordtheparticularsofdismantlingandstorage; iv. Torecordtheparticularsofmaintenanceandperiodicinspection; v. Torecordtheparticularsofrepairs,modifications,servicing,dam

agesoraccidents;and vi. Toserveasapermanentrecordforreferenceandguidancewhen

necessary. 9.11.7 Certificateoffitness i. Theownerofamusementdevicesshallholdavalidcertificateof

fitnesssolongassuchdevicesremaininservice.



ii. Thevalidityperiodofeverycertificateoffitnessisfifteen(15)months fromthedateofinspection.

iii. The certificate of fitness is void if the device is dismantled and relocated.

9.11.8 Transferofownership

i. Thevalidityofacurrentcertificateoffitnessshallbevoidinrespect ofanydevicewhichissoldorhiredout.

ii. Achangeofownershipshallberecordedinthetechnicalfile.

9.11.9 Rideidentification(nameplate)

Each amusement device shall be provided with a marking plate showingthefollowinginformation:

i. Nameandaddressofmanufacturer;

ii. Type/modelnumber;

iii. Manufacturer’sserialnumber;

iv. Yearofmanufacture;

v. Safeworkingload/numberofpersons.

�0. MISCELLANEOUS

10.1 Firefighting

All amusement parks shall be equipped with adequate fire fighting devices.Fireextinguishersshallbesetup inplaceswhere theyare readily visibleandeasilyaccessible.Theymustbeable tobeheld/ handledwithoutdifficultyandbekeptreadyforuseatalltimes.They aretobeinspectedtoconfirmtheexpirydates.



REFERENCES

i. FactoriesandMachineryAct��6�

ii. EuropeanStandard(CEN/TC��2WG)

iii. AustralianStandard(AS3�33.�–��) (AmusementRidesandDevices),Part�:DesignandConstruction

iv. AustralianStandard(AS3�33.2–��) (AmusementRidesandDevices),Part2:OperationandMaintenance

v. ASTMStandardsonAmusementRidesandDevices

vi CodeofPracticeforDesignandConstruction (TemporaryStructures–DIN4��2)

vii. VdTUV Code of Practice – Principles for Inspection and Testing onNon-PermanentStructures(ManualHandlingSystems��0�)

viii. CodeofPractice–FairgroundsandAmusementParks(HS(G)��–HealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE)

ix. ACodeofSafePracticeatFairs: TechnicalAnnex–HealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE)



APPENDIXA

GENERALINFORMATIONFORRIDERS

Thecontrollerofanamusementrideordeviceshould:

a. Display adequate information on the possible effects the use of a ride ordevicemayhaveonriders;and

b. Instruct the operator of a device on the importance of carrying out, at alltimes, any oral instructions to riders as may be necessary for their safeparticipationinthedevice.

TYPICALINFORMATION

Thefollowinginformation(orvariationsthereofforspecificridesordevices)forridersshouldbeconsideredfordisplayatappropriatelocations:

a. There are inherent risks in the participation in or on an amusement rideor device. Riders, by their participation, accept the inherent risks of which aprudent person is or should be aware. Riders should consider thisparticipation an exercise in good judgment and act in a responsiblemannerwhileusingthefacility.

b. Ridershaveadutynot toparticipate inoronanyamusement rideordevicewhenundertheinfluenceofalcoholordrugs.

c. Riders have a duty to act with good judgment and consideration, both forthemselvesandothers,and to refrain frombehaviourwhichcouldaffect theirsafety,thesafetyofotherridersorthesafetyofthedeviceitself.

d. Riders have a duty to obey all reasonable written, and particularly oral,instructionsandwarningsgivenbythecontrolleroroperatorofanyrideordevice,withoutobjection.

e. Riders have a duty to use, as instructed, all safety equipment providedwhen participating in any ride or device. Riders choosing to supply theirown safety equipment do so at their own risk and accept full responsibilityforanyfailureornon-performanceofsuchequipment.

f. Riders of amusement rides or devices have a duty to prove that their actiondidnotcontributetoanyincidentinwhichtheymayhavebeeninvolved.

Owners or controllers of amusement rides or devices should display suchinformationonappropriatesignageatthepointofsalewherethecontractfortheuseofsuchdevicesiscompleted.



APPENDIXB

GENERALGUIDELINESFOROPERATORSELECTIONANDINSTRUCTION

GENERAL

The following is a guide for controllers of amusement rides and devices on theselectionandtrainingrequirementsofoperators:

a. Selectsuitablepersonnelasoperatorswhoareatleast18yearsofageandareabletobetrainedtounderstandtheuseandfunctionoftherideordeviceundertheircontrol.

b. Ensure attendants (some of whom may be under 18 years of age) fullyunderstandtheirdutiesandareabletoperformsuchdutiesasinstructedbytheoperator.

c. Instructeachoperator fully in theproperuseandfunctionof thedevicetobeoperated,includingthefollowing:

i. Controlsandproceduresfornormalandemergencyoperation;

ii. Manufacturer’srecommendedmaximumspeedandload;

iii. Manufacturer’srecommendedridetimeandfrequencyofrepeatrides;

iv. Anyforeseeablemisuseofthedeviceasdeterminedbythemanufacturer orcontroller,orbyspecialconditionssuchasweather,locationorcrowds;

v. Firefightingandotheremergencyprocedures.

d. Ensureeachoperatorcarriesoutthefollowingdailyroutine:

i. Inspect the device in accordance with a prepared checklist before commencementofoperationeachday.

ii. Determine,asfaraspossible,thatnoportionofthedeviceisdamagedor unsafe,orisliabletodeterioratetoanunsafecondition.

iii. Ensurethatthedeviceisnotoperatedunlessthecheckingproceduresare

completed. iv. Reportanyoperatingproblemtoasupervisororcontroller.

e. Instruct theoperatorandattendantnot toallowriderswhoappear tobe illorundertheinfluenceofdrugsoralcoholtoparticipateinthedevice.

Note: Thechecklistshouldbepreparedbysenioroperationsstaffandshouldinclude a section requiring confirmation that all outstanding repairs,servicingandmaintenancehavebeencompleted.



f. Instructtheoperatornottopermitriderswithlooseclothingorunrestrainedlonghairtoparticipateinthedevicewherethepotentialforentanglementexists.

g. Instructtheoperatorandattendantsnottoallowsmokingontherideordevice.

h. Instructtheoperatorandattendantsonthecorrectmethodofsecuringridersinoronthedevice,andtoensurethatthedeviceisloadedinabalancedmanner.

i. Instructtheoperatornottoallowriderswhocannotbeproperlysecuredowingtophysicalsize,orwithadisabilitywhichmayaffecttheirabilitytowithstandtheforcesgeneratedbythemovementofthedevice,toparticipateinthedevice.

j. Instructtheoperatortostopthedeviceifanyriderisobservedtamperingwithanyrestraintorbehavinginsuchamannerastoendangerhimselforothers.

k. Instructtheoperatornottostartthedevicewhilepeopleotherthanridersandthenecessaryattendantsarewithintheoperatingzone.

l. Instructtheoperatortoremainincontrolofthedeviceduringtheentirecycle,andnotallowanypersonotherthananotheroperatortoassumecontrol,exceptwherethedeviceisintendedfordirectridercontrol.

m. Instructtheoperatorthatnosafetydeviceistobealteredorremovedforserviceorreplacementpurposeswithoutpriorapprovalfromthecontroller.

n. Instruct the operator in all emergency procedures and other procedures forbreakdown,powerfailure,riderillnessoranyotherevent,whichcouldaffectthesafetyofthedeviceorriders.

o. Informtheoperatorofthedangerpresentedbylooseitemscarriedorwornbyridersandinstructhimtoinformridersonhowtosecureordepositsuchpersonalitemsbeforeparticipatinginthedevice.

p. Instructtheoperatoronmaintaininganoperatingzoneclearofallpeopleotherthanattendants(whererequired)whilethedeviceisoperating.

q. Should the operator also be part of the erection crew, ensure that he iscompetentinsuchmatters.

r. Instruct the operator on procedures for incident or accident reporting andcompletionoflogs.

TRAININGPROGRAMME

Aformaltrainingprogrammeshouldbeestablishedandfollowedtoincludereferencetoallof theaboverequirements.Operatorsshouldberequired tosignadocumentclearly indicating their participation in such training and subsequent acceptance ofresponsibilityofoperation.



APPENDIXC

SAFETYGUIDELINESFOROPERATORS

Thefollowingisaguideforoperatorsofamusementridesanddevicestoensurethatsafepracticesareimplementedandfollowedduringoperation:

i. Donotoperate thedevicewhen feeling ill orunder the influenceofdrugsoralcohol.

ii. Riderswhoappear tobeunder the influenceof alcohol or drugsorwhoarevisiblyillshouldnotbeallowedonthedevice.

iii. Assistridersonandoffthedevicewhennecessary.Becarefulwhenassistingriderswithdisabilities,andassistonlywiththeirexpresspermission.

iv. If the device is being misused in any way by riders, shut it down until theconditioniscorrected.Donotallowseatstoberockedorriderstostandup.

v. Smokingbyridersshouldnotbepermitted.

vi. Be cautious and ready for the unexpected, especially where children areinvolved.Youngchildrenshouldbeaccompaniedbyresponsibleadults.

vii. Riderswaitingtoparticipateshouldbekeptoutoftheoperatingzone.

viii. Ensurethatentrancesandexitsareclosedoffbeforeoperationcommences.

ix. Ensurethatthedeviceisloadedinabalancedmanner.

x. Ensureany restrictions (e.g.heightorsizeof riders) for theparticipation inadeviceareobserved.

xi. Bealertwhenthedeviceisoperatingandbepreparedforanemergencystop.

xii. Never,underanycircumstances,walkawayfromthedevicewhileitisoperating,regardlessofwhetheritiscarryingridersornot.

xiv. Donotboardormountadevicewhileitisinmotion.

xvi. Takenoteofthenearestlocationofafireextinguisherandcheckitscondition.

xvii. Reportanyfaultormalfunctionimmediatelytoyoursupervisororthecontroller.

xvi. Donotoperatethedeviceinunsafeweatherconditions,i.e.highwinds.

xvii. Befamiliarwithfirstaidprocedures.

xviii. Take pride in operating safely and always follow operating procedures,particularlywheresomerestrictionsmayapply.

�3Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia


APPENDIXD

SUGGESTED TRAINING, QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE FORAUTHORISEDPERSON

This appendix contains guidance on the minimum training, qualifications andexperiencethatapersonmaybeexpectedtopossesswhenundertakingthevariousroles,responsibilitiesandtasksreferredtointheseguidelines.

Role/responsibility/task Training/qualifications/experience

Designer or other individual(whetheror not nominatedbythe designer) responsible forundertakingworkforwhichthedesigner would normally beresponsible

Assembly, set-up, operation,dismantling and transport ofamusementridesanddevices(andsupervisionthereof)

Specification of the load-bearing capacity of sites andthe materials and methodsused in packing blockingsystems for mobileamusement devices thatbecome permanent ortemporary

Maintenance,replacementandrepair of amusement devicesorcomponentsthereof

This person should possess formalqualifications in engineering and sufficientexperience to fully comprehend theconceptoftheamusementdevice,itsprobablemodeand environment of operation, and theprovisionsrelativetoitsmaintenance.

Persons involved in such operations shouldhavesufficientexperienceandknowledgeofthe device to enable such operations to becarriedoutsafelyandinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.

Thepersonprovidingsuchinformationshouldhaveanengineeringorscientificbackground(preferably backed by formal engineeringqualifications)andexperienceinthebehaviourof the device under all conditions ofoperation.

Persons undertaking maintenance, replace-ment repairofamusementdevicesor repairofamusementdevicesorcomponentsthere-ofshould,wherenecessary,befullyqualifiedby trade. Where formal trade qualificationsarenotrequired(e.g.forroutinetasks),suchpersonsshouldbefullytrainedintherequire-mentsofthetasktobeperformed.



Role/responsibility/task Training/qualifications/experience

Non-destructivetesting(NDT)andevaluationofNDTresults

Testing(tofailure)ofcomponents

Hazardidentificationandriskassessment

Inspection(general)

Refuellingoperations

Alterationsofanamusementdevicetoeliminateorminimisearisk

A person conducting non-destructivetesting and evaluating the results of any NDTprogramme should be recognised by therelevantindustrybodyorregulatoryauthority.

Any person carrying out sample testing(to failure) of components should have formaltechnicalcertification in the typeof testingtobeundertaken.

Any person conducting hazard identificationand risk assessment on an amusementdevice (or any part or component thereof)should have a thorough knowledge of theoperation of the device, and of the generalhistory of such a device. This person should beable to complete such hazard identification andriskassessmenttothesatisfactionoftherelevantregulatoryauthority.

Any person inspecting an amusementdevice should possess formal engineeringqualifications and experience similar to thoseof thedesignerof thedeviceandshouldbe inaposition to make engineering judgmentsregardingtheseverityoffaultsdeterminedthroughsuch inspections, intervals for inspection andappropriaterepairs.

Apersoncarryingoutrefuellingoperationsshouldbefullytrainedintheuseofallequipmentinvolved,and in the procedures for carrying out refuellingoperations in a safe manner.The person shouldalsobefully trained in theuseof thefire fightingequipmentappropriatetothefuelbeingused,andin the emergency procedure to be implementedin the case of fire, spillage or other unplannedhazardousevents.

The person providing advice on the implicationsofanyalterations,wheresuchalterationschangethe fundamental design or operating parametersofthedevice,shouldpossessformalengineeringqualifications and sufficient experience in thedevicetoprovideacomprehensiveanalysisofanychangeinperformancewhichthealterationsmaybringabout.



APPENDIXE

CONTENTSOFMANUAL

Themanufacturershallprovidecomprehensiveinstructionstotheuserincludingforassembly, operation and maintenance of the amusement ride and device. Specialadviceonqualificationsofpersonneltooshallbegiven.Theseinstructionsshallbewritten in the languageof theuser.Themanualshallat leastprovide the followingstatedinstructions.

i. Assemblyanddismantlinginstructions

Theseinstructionsshallcomprise:

• specificationsof thespecialequipment, tools,materialorpartsused for safeerectionordismantlingoftheamusementdevice;

• adviceonfoundationpreparation(ifpermanentlyfixed); • sequenceoferectiontomaintainstability; • jacking and packing procedures to facilitate levelling, out of level

tolerances,adviceonsuitablepackinganditslimitations,loadspreadand anynecessaryballast;

• correctmethodsforconnectingelectricalsystemstothepowersupplyand methodsforinterconnectingsub-assembliesifappropriate;

• torquesettingsforscrewsorboltscriticaltothesafetyofthestructure; • schedulesoftestsandinspectiontoensurecorrectfunctioning; • earthingforlightningprotection; • plan of device, showing recommended packing points and details of

maximum loads that will be applied at these points. Any foundation preparationsshouldalsobeshownintheplan.

ii. Operatinginstructions


• detailedexplanationofthecontrolsandtheirfunctions; • recommended passenger access and egress procedures; and any

limitationsnecessarytopreventstaticoverloadofthedevice; • the prescribed limiting conditions stating any limitations for passengers

(ifany),thelimitsofspeedofoperation,cycletimeandmaximumnumber ofpassengerstobecarried;

• anylimitationsastopermissiblepartloadingorasymmetricloadingofthe device;

• detailsofthepassengerrestraintsystemandguidanceonitsuse;



• emergencyevacuationproceduresincludingevacuationfollowingapower sourcefailure;

• anyenvironmental limitations,e.g.conditionsofwind,rain,duringwhich therideshouldnotbeoperated.

iii. Maintenanceinstructions


• thosecomponentswhichrequireregularlubrication,thetypesofsuitable lubricantandthefrequencyoflubrication;

• those components which require regular replacement and the period betweenreplacements;

• those components which require regular inspection, the recommended frequencyofinspectionandthemethodofinspection,e.g.visual,NDT;

• anyspecificteststobecarriedout; • recommendationsforelectricaltestingwhichshouldincludethetestingof

insulationresistance,conductorcontinuity,protectiveconductorcontinuity and proving the effectiveness of residual current circuit breakers where fitted;

• methods for proving the effectiveness of any interlocking circuits or controls;

• recommendationsregardingelectricalmaintenance; • safeisolationprocedures.

iv. Specialinformation


• advice,thatpartsshallnotbereplacedwithoutensuringconformitytothe originalspecification;

• any special requirement for the preparation of the device including the methodtobeadoptedforexamination;

• the maintenance, service or repair permissible by the user or qualified personnelandthenecessarydetails.

v. Drawingsanddiagrams

Theseitemsshallcomprise:

• anoutlinedrawingof thedeviceshowingtheprincipaldimensionswhen erected and recommended clearance distances for the device when in motion.



APPENDIXF

TECHNICALFILE

General

The record associated with the amusement device must include the designdocuments which provide detailed information with respect to operating data,methodofconstruction,instructionrelatingtooperationandmaintenance,repairsandmodificationsaswellasexaminationsbyindependentinspectionbodies.TherecordshallbeavailableasabounddocumentoneacherectionsiteasprooftotheDOSHinspector. All approval and examination reports shall be included by appropriateentries.

i. Content

Therecordshallcompriseatleastthefollowingdocuments: • Designapprovalletter(DOSH); • Design and operation descriptions, which may be part of the stress

calculations; • Approveddesigndrawings(clearpresentationoftheentirefacility); • Approved detailed drawings (accurate illustrations of the structural

componentsandtheirconnections); • Stressanalysisincludingfatigueanalysis; • Examination and approval reports as well as reports on any other

inspections; • Instructionswritteninthelanguageoftheuserandmanufacturercovering

erectionanddismantling,maintenance, listofallpartsrequiringperiodic replacement;

• Basiccircuitdiagramsforelectric,hydraulicorpneumaticcomponentsor equipment;and

• Layoutdrawingsoftheescaperoutesandtheirdimensionswithcalculated verificationforenclosureswithmorethan400occupants.Specialinstruc tionsincaseoffire.

ii. Conditionsforuse

Whenapprovalisgranted,thetechnicalfileshallexplicitlystate: • thespeedlimit; • whethertheutilisationbychildrenmustbeprohibited; • whetherchildrenmayusetheamusementdeviceonlywhenaccompanied

byadults; • aheightoragelimit,ifany; • groupsofpersonstobeexcludedsuchas: - pregnantwomen; - personswithheartdiseases; - personswithpacemakers; - personswithdegradedhealthconditions; - personswithphysicalhandicapssuchthattheirsafeaccommodation

cannotbesufficientlyguaranteedbytherestraintdevices;

• thereferencewindvelocityspecifiedforthedevice.

�� Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia


APPENDIXG

FLOWCHARTFORHAZARDIDENTIFICATION,RISKASSESSMENTANDRISKCONTROLPROCESS

InformationGathering

HazardIdentification

RiskAssessment

RiskControl

Start

GatherInformation

IdentifyHazards

Assesstherisktohealthandsafety

Istherearisktosafetyandhealth?

Cantheriskbeeliminate?

Developriskcontrolmeasurestominimizetherisk

Implementtheriskcontrolmeasures

Dothesemeasuresintroducefurther

hazards?

Monitorandreviewriskcontrolmeasuresimplemented

Hastheriskbeeneliminate

End

Eliminatetherisk

Yes

Yes

Yes No

No

No

Yes

No



APPENDIXH

HAZARDPREVENTION

PreventiveandControlMeasures

Hazardsandriskstoworkers’safetyandhealthshouldbeidentifiedandassessedonanongoingbasis.Preventiveandprotectivemeasuresshouldbeimplementedinthefollowingorderofpriority:

a. Eliminatethehazard/risk;

b. Substitutewithlessdangeroussourcesofrisk;

c. Controlthehazard/riskatitssourcethroughtheuseofengineeringcontrolsororganisationalmeasures;

d. Minimisethehazard/riskthroughthedesignofsafeworksystems,whichincludeadministrativecontrolmeasures;and

e. Where residual hazards/risks cannot be controlled by collective measures,the employer should provide appropriate personal protective equipment,includingclothing,atnocost,andshouldimplementmeasurestoensureitsuseandmaintenance.

Hazard prevention and control procedures or arrangements should be establishedandshould:

a. Beadaptedtothehazardandriskencounteredbytheorganisation;

b. Bereviewedandmodifiedifnecessaryonaregularbasis;

c. Complywithnationallawsandregulations,andreflectgoodpractice;and

d. Considerthecurrentstateofknowledge,includinginformationorreportsfromorganisations, such as occupational safety and health services, and otherservicesasappropriate.No



APPENDIXI

EMERGENCYPREVENTION,PREPAREDNESSANDRESPONSE

Emergency prevention, preparedness and response arrangements should beestablished and maintained. These arrangements should identify the potential foraccidents and emergency situations, and address the prevention of occupationalsafety and health risks associated with them. The arrangements should be madeaccordingtothesizeandnatureofactivityoftheorganisation.Theyshould:

a. Ensurethatthenecessaryinformation,internalcommunicationandcoordinationareprovidedtoprotectallpeopleintheeventofanemergencyattheworksite;

b. Provideinformationtoandcommunicatewiththerelevantcompetentauthorities,andtheneighbourhoodandemergencyresponseservices;

c. Address first aid and medical assistance, fire fighting and evacuation of allpeopleattheamusementdevices;and

d. Providerelevantinformationandtrainingtoallmembersoftheorganisationatalllevelsincludingregularexercisesinemergencyprevention,preparednessandresponseprocedures.

Emergency prevention, preparedness and response arrangements should beestablishedincooperationwithexternalemergencyservicesandotherbodieswhereapplicable.



APPENDIXJ

DETAILSOFTHELOGBOOK

FRONTPAGENameandpostaladdressoftheownerofamusementdevicesNameandpostaladdressofthemaintenancefirm(ifotherthantheabove)LocationoftheamusementdevicesCertificateofregistrationno(ifany)NameofauthorisedpersonDateofinstallation

CONTENTS

i. General:

Conditionofpre-test Maintenanceandperiodicinspection Dismantlingandstorage Shortnoteonservicingandreplacement Shortnoteonmodification(ifany) Shortnoteondamages(ifany) Shortnoteonrunningrepairs(ifany) Shortnoteonallaccidentsinvolvingtheamusementdevice(ifany)

ii. Thedailychecklistrecommendedbythemanufacturer/authorisedpersonmustinclude:

Nameoftheoperator Dateandtimeofauthorisedperson’sexamination Conditionofweather Conditionoflighting Conditionofsafetyfeatures Conditionofstructure Conditionoffencing/guarding Conditionofsurroundings,signage,alarmsystemandinstructions Conditionofthecontroller’sspace Conditionofmechanicaldevice/ride Conditionofwirerope(ifany) Authorisedperson’sremarkandsignature



APPENDIXK

SwingingShipFlyingCarousel

CorkscrewSpaceShot

SkyFlyerSpinningStar

LISTOFCATEGORYIAMUSEMENTDEVICE



SuperLoopVulture

G-ForceXFerrisWheel

LostCityOfGoldRioFloat



APPENDIXL

LISTOFCATEGORYIIAMUSEMENTDEVICE

MiniSwingShipMiniTrain

BusyBugsMerryGoRound

BumperCarTeaCup



NOTES