2

TITLE MUST BE IN ALL CAPS, IN SINGLE SPACE,Comment by eliot: Welcome to the CSUF Thesis/Dissertation Template! My name is Eliot Cossaboom, and I’m the University Thesis/Dissertation Reader. If at any point you have questions about this template, how to format your paper, or general questions about your paper, please email me at ecossaboom@fullerton.edu.This document is designed to be a template, a reference, and an example for what your paper should look like. Please note that your paper’s formatting must look exactly like this template. Throughout this template you will find comments like this that provide additional notes and instructions to help you easily format your work. These comments should be removed before final submission, but please always keep a clean copy of this template on hand for reference.This template is only meant to be used with Microsoft Word. It should not make a difference whether a Mac or PC is used to edit it, but I encourage you to use the desktop application, not Office 365.To ensure that you are using the latest version of this template, please check https://www.fullerton.edu/graduate/academics/thesis.php

INVERTED PYRAMID STYLE,

CENTERED

A Thesis/Dissertation By

STUDENT NAME

ORCID iD: 0000-0000-0000-0000

California State University, Fullerton

Semester, Year

In partial fulfillment of the degree:

Proper Degree Name

Department:

Proper Department Name

Committee:

Tuffy T. Titan, Department of Xxxxxxxxx, ChairComment by eliot: Do not use titles (Dr., Professor, etc.) or honorifics (Esq., PhD, etc.)

Suzy Q. Snowflake, Department of Xxxxxxxxx

Joe Bag-O’Donuts, Department of Xxxxxxxxx

DOI:

Please Leave Blank. Will be completed upon publishing.

Keywords:

Include up to six keywords, separated by commasComment by eliot: If more than six keywords are provided, I will only use the first six.

Abstract:

Type or paste your abstract here. An abstract is required for all manuscripts and absolutely must fit between here and the end of the page, which is roughly 250 words. You may use multiple paragraphs. Your text should be single-spaced and 12 pt., with exactly these margins and indents. Please do not adjust spacing anywhere else on the page. Abstracts that do not fit on this page will require editing.

Your abstract should be a short summary of what your paper is about. Imagine it as the answer to the question: “What is your paper all about, anyway?” Your abstract may not contain citations or bolded headings like “METHODS.”

TABLE OF CONTENTSComment by eliot: Please do not use Microsoft Word’s automatic table of contents numbering, because it cannot be made to use the exact same formatting here. Your Table of Contents needs to look exactly like the one shown here.

LIST OF TABLESiii

LIST OF FIGURESiv

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSv

ChapterComment by eliot: While your paper must look exactly like this template in terms of formatting, the content and order of the content are up to you and your committee. Your chapter titles and content do not need to match those listed here.

1.INTRODUCTION1

This Document as a Visual Example1

This Document as a Requirements Resource1

This Document as Your Final Submitted Document1

2.USING THIS DOCUMENT2Comment by eliot: The dots and spaces are inserted using Tab. Please do not use periods and spaces to format.

Using Styles2

Pasting into the Template2

Keep Text Only2

Keep Source Formatting2

3.SUBHEADINGS3

Primary Subheadings3Comment by eliot: We only list Primary and Secondary subheadings in the Table of Contents, not Level 3, Level 4, etc. Subheadings (here and in the body of the paper) are always written in title-case, meaning all important words are capitalized. Please do not capitalize words like prepositions (“on,” “in,” “under,” etc.), conjunctions (“and,” “but,” “or”), articles (“a,” “an,” “the”), or short grammatical words (“if,” “that,” etc.)

Secondary Subheadings3

We Can Have Zero or Two+ Subheadings in a Given Section—Never Exactly One3Comment by eliot: We cannot have exactly one subheading in a given section. We always need either zero or two+.

Subheadings and Your Tables of Contents3

4.TABLES4

Images of Tables4

Examples4

5.FIGURES6

General Formatting6Comment by eliot: All entries here use the style Table of Contents.

Captions6

6.NUMBERS AND EQUATIONS7

Numbers7

Equations7

APPENDICES8Comment by eliot: If you have only one appendix, please simply write “APPENDIX: TITLE OF APPENDIX.” It should not be identified with a letter. If you have multiple appendices, they should be lettered (A, B, C, etc.) and have titles, as shown here.

A.GENERAL APPENDIX GUIDELINES AND EXAMPLE IN-TEXT CITATIONS8

B.PRE-SUBMISSION CHECKLIST9

REFERENCES10

LIST OF TABLESComment by eliot: Just like on the Table of Contents, entries here should be formatted using Enter/Return and Tab, not periods and spaces.

TablePage

1. A Small Table4

2. A More Complex Table5

LIST OF FIGURESComment by eliot: Your figures should be numbered in the same manner as your tables. That is, if your tables are point-numbered, your figures should be, too.

FigurePage

1. The Style Gallery in Microsoft Word2

2. Right click where you would like to paste2Comment by eliot: Take a look at Figures 2 and 4 in the body, and you’ll see that their captions are actually longer than this. For longer captions, you are encouraged to abbreviate it to just the first few words.

3. Alignment options for cells in a table. Click in your table and then click the label marked“Layout” under “Table Tools.” The left cluster of nine options allow you to choose howyour text is aligned5

4. Dogs write terrible papers6

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSComment by eliot: This is the last section in our Front Matter before beginning our first chapter. Notice that the formatting of the page numbers for the Front Matter differs from that of the body. This formatting is correct and must be preserved in your final paper.

This is an optional section in which you may thank friends, mentors, colleagues, supporters, and/or institutions that supported your research or provided special assistance. If your advisors or committee members offered routine help, you may omit them entirely.

TEMPLATE UPDATED DECEMBER 2020

Observe the same formatting guidelines for this section, including margins and double-spacing. It must match the main text.

© YEAR, STUDENT NAME, CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0

vi

CHAPTER 1Comment by eliot: Chapter headings use the style Heading 1.See Chapter 2 for information about styles.See Chapter 3 for how to format headings.INTRODUCTION

Welcome to the CSUF Thesis/Dissertation Template. This document is meant to be three things: 1. A visual example of what a final work should look like; 2. A guide to formatting requirements; 3. The document into which content must be copied for final submission. Equally important to this document is the Thesis Manual. The Manual has definitions and submission info and is required reading for thesis students. The Manual defines what a thesis/dissertation is and how to submit it; the Template describes how it is formatted.

This Document as a Visual ExampleComment by eliot: Primary subheadings use the style Heading 2.

This paper represents what a final paper looks like. Your final paper must look exactly like this template, differing only in terms of content. Requirements include the location and formatting of page numbers, margins, headings and subheadings, figure captions, table titles, etc.

This Document as a Requirements Resource

This document contains comments that explain formatting details and note common errors, and the text of this paper also has explicit instructions on how to format your work. Be sure to read this document thoroughly. Some comments may have information redundant to the body text, in which case it is repeated for emphasis.

Briefly: Chapters 1 and 2 are an introduction and guide to how to use this document. Chapters 3-6 have instructions for tables, figures, and numbers and math, respectively. Appendix A summarizes what appendices are and has example APA and IEEE in-text citations, and Appendix B has a checklist to go through before submission.Comment by eliot: This is referred to as a cue. All figures, tables, and appendices need a cue preceding them. For figure and tables, it should be within a page or two.

This Document as Your Final Submitted Document

This Word file must be the final submitted document sent to the Office of Graduate Studies for proofing. You must modify this file to contain your final contents, rather than modifying another file to resemble this one. This template’s formatting will help make your paper perfect, but ultimately, you alone are responsible for your paper meeting all requirements.

CHAPTER 2USING THIS DOCUMENT

This word file is the final document to be submitted to Graduate Studies. Do not submit another document that you have formatted to resemble this document. Always keep a clean copy of this Template for reference.

Using Styles

Styles in Word allow you to change text to a pre-determined format. At the top of the Word window is the Style Gallery (Figure 1), with Styles like “Normal,” “Heading 1,” and “References.” Highlight a heading in your paper and click Heading 1, and your text should be correctly formatted.

Figure 1. The Style Gallery in Microsoft Word.Comment by eliot: Figures use the style Figures, and captions use the style F. Captions.See Chapter 5 for how to format figures and captions.

Pasting into the TemplateKeep Text Only

Keep Text Only keeps the text from a source without copying the formatting. When pasting into this template from an outside source, right click and select the final option under Paste (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Right click where you would like to paste and select Keep Text Only, highlighted here.

Keep Source Formatting

Keep Source Formatting keeps the formatting from your original document. In general, only use Keep Source Formatting when copying and pasting from one part of the Template to another.

CHAPTER 3SUBHEADINGS

All styles (APA, Chicago, IEEE, etc.) must use the subheading format shown in this chapter.

Primary Subheadings

Primary Subheadings should be centered, title-cased, and bolded. If your title goes onto two lines, it should be single-spaced with one blank single-spaced line before the first line of body-text.

Secondary SubheadingsComment by Cossaboom, Eliot: Secondary subheadings use the style Heading 3.

A Secondary Subheading is a subsection of a Primary Subheading. All subheadings should be worded in the Table of Contents the same as in the text. The text starts in the line below the Secondary Subheading. There is no period or other punctuation after a Secondary Subheading. If secondary Subheadings are used, there should be at least two per Primary Subheading section.

Tertiary SubheadingsComment by Cossaboom, Eliot: Tertiary subheadings use the style Heading 4.

This subheading is a subsection of a Secondary Subheading. Both Secondary and Tertiary Subheadings relate generally to the Primary Subheading, but Tertiary Subheadings are not included in the Table of Contents. The text starts in the line below the heading, and the heading is italicized. Refer to APA 7th edition for further subheading levels and appropriate usage.

We Always Have to Be Sure to Have at Least Two or More Subheadingsin a Given Section

We always need either zero or two-plus subheadings within a given section. Here, we have two Tertiary Subheadings, so we are okay. As with all headings, especially long Tertiary Subheadings should be broken onto two lines, in which case they are single-spaced.Comment by Author: See Chapter 6 for how to format numbers.

We Can Have Zero or Two+ Subheadings in a Given Section—Never Exactly One

This template includes Styles (Chapter 1) for Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Subheadings as Heading 2, Heading 3, and Heading 4. Heading 1 is for section titles.

Subheadings and Your Table of Contents

Your Table of Contents is meant to list your: Sections, Chapters, Primary Subheadings, and Secondary Subheadings. Please do not include Tertiary Subheadings or beyond.

CHAPTER 4TABLES

CSUF does not have comprehensive table requirements, but here are some basics for creating readable, accessible tables. Note: text never wraps around tables or figures—they have their own space. All figures and tables need cues ("see Figure 1,” "as seen in Table X,” etc.) preceding them, but not more than a page or two away. Do not use locational terms like “table below.”

Images of Tables

Images of tables are not permitted. Please use Microsoft Word to create your tables rather than inserting pictures, screenshots, scans, or other images. This ensures all text is maximally readable, editable, and accessible. Tables submitted as images must be revised.

Examples

Table 1 is a simple example. The labels in Column 1 are aligned-left, but all other data is centered within its cell. Each line is its own row in the table: do not use Enter/Return to add rows.

Table 1. A Small TableComment by eliot: Table titles use the style Figures (the spacing is the same for table titles and for figures).

Item 1

Item 2

Item 3

Item 4

Item 5

Item 1

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Item 2

Y

Y

N

N

Y

Item 3

Y

N

N

Y

Y

Item 4

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

In Table 2 we have a header for the first column (“Heading”) with two subheadings and 10 entries (Items 1-10). All cells are centered vertically, and all except the first column are centered horizontally, too (see Figure 3 for alignment buttons). These items are formatted so that if any are longer than the rest (i.e., Item 8), all lines after the first will be indented .125 in. After one single-spaced line below the table is a footnote, and there are two single-spaced lines after the footnote.

Table 2. A More Complex Table

Column Heading a

Heading

Item 1

Item 2

Item 3

Item 4

Subheading 1

Item 1

5

2

1

7

Item 2

8

5

1

8

Item 3

9

4

0

9

Item 4

8

1

1

9

Item 5

6

2

1

6

Item 6

7

3

1

8

Subheading 2

Item 7

5

3

1

5

Item 8, which is a much longer item than the rest, has a hanging indent

9

2

1

6

Item 9

5

1

0

5

Item 10

13

4

2

10

a – This is a footnote corresponding to “Column Heading”

Figure 3. Alignment options for cells in a table. Click your table and then click the label marked “Layout” under “Table Tools.” The left cluster of nine options allow you to choose how your text is aligned.

Note that the numbers in Table 2 are horizontally centered. This is perfectly acceptable, as is aligning all numbers by the decimal point. Either way is equally valid as long as you are consistent throughout your entire paper.

CHAPTER 5FIGURESGeneral Formatting

Spacing for figures is similar to tables, but figures have captions below instead of titles above. Look back at the previous figures or at Figure 4: notice that we always have two blank single-spaced lines between the body text and the figure—just like how table titles start on the third blank line. We also have the same two blank single-spaced lines between the figure caption and the body text.

Figure 4. Dogs write terrible papers. If the caption for this figure was to run onto two lines, we would want to make sure that it is single-spaced with two blank lines afterwards.

Tables and figures should be able to stand alone without any text explanation. All tables and figures need cues (e.g., “See Figure X,” “in Table Y,” etc.) within a page or two preceding the figure.

Captions

Looking at any of the figures in this paper, you will always see that captions start with “Figure” and the number, always italicized, then by a period and the rest of the text. Only the “Figure X” portion of the caption should be italicized. Caption text may be 10 or 12 pt. but must be consistent across the entire paper.

CHAPTER 6NUMBERS AND EQUATIONSNumbers

When referring to numbers in writing, there are a few things to watch out for.

If a number is 10 or over, we write it as the Arabic number (“12,” “46,” “975”.), unless it is the first word in a sentence (“Fifty-two is the number of weeks in a year.”).

Numbers nine and under are written as words (“three,” “two”), but with some exceptions: specific tests/subjects/test components (“test 2,” “week 3,” “subject 8,” “beaker 4”); dates (“5 AD”); measurements/math (“3 cm,” “20 minutes”, “2 + 2 = 4”); chapters in your paper (“Chapter 2”, “Chapter 3”, “Chapter 4”).

Equations

Equations are numbered similarly to figures and tables, but there is no List of Equations in the front matter of the paper. Additionally, equations do not need cues, but we should still avoid words like “below” or “above.” To directly reference an equation, use something like “See Equation X.” Equation 1 represents an example of how we might format our equations.

(1)

Here, we are using Microsoft Word’s Equations feature, but equations may also be inserted as images. If you choose to insert your equations as images, please make sure no text is under 10 pt. font and note that they are still not considered figures.

Equations are double-spaced and indented .5 in on both sides. I have used the right-align feature to add “(1)” to represent that it is Equation 1. More complex equations may run onto multiple lines or may be formatted to take up more vertical space, however, I always discourage you from using spaces to format text. Please use Word’s alignment features and Tab.

APPENDIX AGENERAL APPENDIX GUIDELINES ANDIN-TEXT CITATION EXAMPLES

Start typing or paste your first appendix here. The requirements for formatting are much less strict than in the body but still have a few rules. Margins are the same, and Text within appendices must be between 10-12 pt. font and may be single- or double-spaced. If you have just one appendix, remove the letter “A” following “APPENDIX.” All appendices must have titles.

Appendices presented to human participants (e.g., a survey given to participants) should resemble as closely as possible the original. Because of the limitations of matching two formats, it does not need to be identical, but do your best to limit differences. For handouts and materials that may have contact information, black it out before submitting your final paper.

Table A1. Blank TableComment by eliot: Tables and figures in appendices do not need to be numbered, but if they are, they should be numbered in a way that is unique from the rest of the paper. In other words, we don’t want a “Figure 1” in the body of the paper and a different “Figure 1” in the appendices.

Example In-Text Citations

This appendix will get you started with APA 7 and IEEE in-text citations but is not a substitute for the official manuals. See the references for these citations in References.

APA

There are two kinds of citations in APA: a parenthetical citation (Pooh, 2002) or stating the author(s) is in the sentence, as shown by Pooh (2002). Both are valid, and you may mix and match.

For sources with one author, we will use the last name and year of the reference (Pooh, 2002). You can also instead write the name followed by the year in parentheses, as in Pooh (2002).

For two authors, we use an ampersand (&) when doing a parenthetical citation and the word “and” otherwise. For example, Pooh and Robin (1930) is a perfectly acceptable way to write a citation, or it could be written as a parenthetical (Pooh & Robin, 1930).

Starting in APA 7, for all sources with three or more authors, we write the first author’s last name plus “et al.” every time we cite it. For example: according to Pooh et al. (1993). We do not use a comma between the first author’s last name and “et al.” We could instead do a parenthetical citation, like this (Pooh et al., 1993). If you have multiple “Pooh et al.” citations, consult the APA manual.

If you would like to cite multiple sources in a single sentence, we will list them alphabetically by the first author’s last name, divided by semicolons (Pooh, 2002; Seuss, 1975). All other rules about authors, “et al.,” and punctuation remain the same (Pooh, 2002; Pooh et al., 1993).

IEEE

In general, citations in IEEE will appear at the end of sentences in brackets [1]. You may also choose to insert them after each item in a list [2], a series [3], or a recitation of information [5]-[7]. The citations in this chapter correspond to the example reference entries in References.

We start our numbers at [1] and move up from there. Once a source has been cited and numbered, the same number is used for the rest of the paper. When we have multiple citations, we can list them in separate sets of brackets, separated by a comma or a dash [1], [4], [5]-[6]. Use a comma when citing multiple numbers out of sequence, and a dash when citing multiple numbers in a row [1], [3], [4]-[5], [7].

APPENDIX BComment by eliot: This Appendix is a quick checklist to ensure your paper is ready for review.Note that we again ignore formatting rules (except for margins) in order to preserve this handout’s original appearance.PRE-SUBMISSION CHECKLISTFront Matter

Title Page info (name, degree, program, committee, date) is correct.

Abstract fits on the title page.

Table of Contents has all section, level-one and level-two subheadings.

Page numbers in the Table of Contents, List of Tables, and List of Figures are all correct.

List of Tables/Figures do not include tables/figures that only appear in appendices.

Body Text

Each section has 0 or 2+ subheadings (no lone subheadings) (Ch. 3).

Subheadings are on the same page as the text immediately following them (Ch. 3).

Numbers are written correctly (Ch. 6).

All in-text citations meet style requirements.

Tables (Ch. 4) (check for each table)

Table title is single-spaced, title-case, and is on the same page as the table.

Table fits within Template margins.

Table does not Wrap Text but is instead In-Line with Text.

All text is 10 or 12 pt.

All text is single-spaced.

Bolding is only used to emphasize findings (not in headings, etc.).

Table has cue (e.g., “See Table X”).

Figures (Ch. 5) (check for each figure)

Figure caption is single-spaced, sentence-case, and is on the same page as the figure.

Figure fits within Template margins.

Figure does not Wrap Text but is instead In-Line with Text.

All text is 10 or 12 pt.

Figure has cue (e.g., “See Figure Y”).

References

· All references use a hanging-indent.

· No references are listed that are not cited.

· Every citation has a reference.

· All references are properly italicized/not italicized based on style manual.

· All references are properly capitalized/not capitalized based on style manual.

· All journals have issue numbers if available.

REFERENCES

Begin your references here. You may title this section (Bibliography, References, Works Cited, etc.) as your committee chooses or as stated in your chosen style manual.

Please see Appendices B for example citations.

If you are comfortable with styles in Microsoft Word, these are formatted “References.” For a quick primer on styles, see Styles in Chapter 2.

All sources must begin flush left, with a hanging indent of .5.” Please do not hit Enter at the end of the first line of each reference—instead, use Word’s Hanging Indent feature.

If you have been using citation management software (e.g., EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero, Word’s built-in citation features), please ensure that your references are static (not changing) and not a field block within the version you submit.

Be sure to proofread your references against your designated documentation style guide.

APA ExamplesJournalsSingle Author

Pooh, W. T. (2002). Modelling flow and current on a blustery day. The Many Adventures, 11(3), 7-10.Comment by Author: For all APA references we will use the last name of the author, followed by a comma and a space, and then an initial for each name found on the work. Here, “Winnie the Pooh” is rendered as “Pooh, W. T..” Please note that we always have a space following each period after each initial.Comment by Author: The title of the article is always written in sentence-case and is followed by a comma.Comment by Author: The title of the journal itself is always italicized and written in title-case. We never use abbreviated journal titles. After the title of the journal is a comma.Comment by Author: Next is the volume and issue number of the journal and another comma. Note that the volume number is italicized, but the issue number is not, and there is no space between them. After is a comma.Comment by Author: Finally, we have the page numbers (with no “p.” or “pp.”), and a period. None of this is italicized.

Two Authors

Pooh, W. T., & Robin, C. (1930). Diversion and distraction in honey acquisition markets. Letters on Bees, 16, 23-120.Comment by Author: When citing a work by exactly two authors, we follow the same rules about initials and punctuation. Additionally, we add a comma after the final initial of the first author, and then an ampersand (&). Note that we never use “and” between authors in APA.Comment by Author: If you have double-checked and can find only one number after the title of the journal, include it italicized, as done here.

Three to Twenty Authors

Pooh, W. T., Robin, C., Let, P., Yore, E., & Er, T. I. D. G. (1993). Rumblies, tumblies, and stumblies: Hypo-glycemia in T. ornatus. Endogenic Studies in Ursa, 13(17), 1090-1099.

BooksBasic Book Format

Seuss, D. (1975). Stochasticity and magical thinking: Itemization schemes of Mulberry St. inventories. Fullerton, CA: Unpublishables Ltd.Comment by Author: Book titles are always italicized and written in sentence-case. We always capitalize the first word after a colon (see also the examples under Journals). After the book title is a period.Comment by Author: Note that even in sentence-case we always capitalized proper nouns.Comment by Author: Last is our publisher info. We start with the city, then a comma, then the state, province, or country. After that is a colon and then the name of the publisher. Finally, there is a period.

Part of an Edited Volume

Hat, C. I. T., Things, T. W., & Grinch, T. (1965). Adversarial profiteering and barbaloot-snoot poaching. In D. Seuss & M. Sendack (Eds.), Neutrality in negativity: New perspectives (pp. 107-130). Truffula, XY: Onceler Presses.Comment by Author: The title of the chapter or article is written in sentence-case, unitalicized, and followed by a period.Comment by Author: Then, we write “In” and the editors’ names. Note that the editors’ names are written first initial first, period, then last name. This is different from how we normally list authors. After the editors’ names is “(Ed.)” (if there is exactly one editor) or “(Eds.)” (if there are multiple editors). Finally, there is a comma.Comment by Author: The title of the book is written as normal: italicized and in sentence-case.Comment by Author: After the book title comes the page numbers in parentheses. Note that we use “(p.” if the chapter we’re citing is only one page long, otherwise we use “(pp.” before the page numbers.Comment by Author: Here we observe the same rules about how to cite publishers.

IEEE ExamplesJournalsSingle Author

[1]W. T. Pooh, “Modelling flow on a blustery day,” The Many Adventures, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 7-10, 2002.Comment by Author: For all IEEE references we will use the initials for all names except the last. Here, “Winnie the Pooh” is formatted as “W. T. Pooh.” Note that each initial is followed by a period and separated by a space. There is a comma after the last author’s last name.Comment by Author: The title of the article is always written in sentence-case, surrounded by quotation marks, and is followed by a comma.Comment by Author: The title of the journal itself is always italicized and written in title-case. We never use abbreviated journal titles. After the title of the journal is a comma.Comment by Author: Next is the volume and issue number of the journal and another comma.Comment by Author: Then we have page numbers. Note that we use pp. before the page numbers. After that is a comma.Comment by Author: Finally we have a year and a period.

Two Authors

[2]W. T. Pooh and C. Robin, “Diversion and distraction in honey acquisition markets,” Letters on Bees, vol. 16, pp. 23-120, 1930.Comment by Author: If you have double-checked and can find only one number after the title of the journal, treat it as a volume number.

Three or More Authors

[3]W. T. Pooh, C. Robin, P. Let, E. Yore, and T. I. D. G. Er, “Rumblies, tumblies, and stumblies: Hypo-glycemia in T. ornatus,” Endogenic Studies in Ursa, vol. 13, no. 17, pp. 1090-1099, 1993.

BooksBasic Book Format

[4]D. Seuss, Stochasticity and Magical Thinking: Itemization Schemes of Mulberry St. Inventories. Fullerton, CA: Unpublishables Ltd, 1975.Comment by Author: Book titles are always italicized and written in title-case. After the book title is a period. Note that book titles are not in quotation marks.Comment by Author: Next is our publisher info. We start with the city, then a comma, then the state, province, or country. After that is a colon, the name of the publisher, and a comma.Comment by Author: Finally, we end with the year and a period.

Part of an Edited Volume

[5]C. I. T. Hat, T. W. Things, and T. Grinch, “Adversarial barbaloot-snoot poaching,” in Neutrality in Negativity: New Perspectives, D. Seuss and M. Sendack, Eds. Truffula, XY: Onceler Presses, 1965, pp. 107-130.Comment by Author: The title of the chapter or article is written in sentence-case, unitalicized, and put in quotation marks.Comment by Author: After the chapter or article title, we have a comma, and “in,” followed by the title of the book, which is written as normal: italicized and in title-case. After the book title we have a comma.Comment by Author: Next, we have the editors’ names, cited as normal, followed by a comma and “Ed.” (if there is a single editor) and “Eds.” (if there is more than one).Comment by Author: Here we observe the same rules about how to cite publishers. After that we a have a comma, the year, and then pp. and the page numbers (if available). The entry ends with a period.

Conference ProceedingsPublished Paper Presented at Conference

[6]S. B. S. Pants, “Pressurization and liquefaction in basalt Moai,” in Proceedings of the International Conference of Invertebrates, 2004, pp. 16-90.Comment by Author: The title of the published proceedings should be in title-case, not italicized.

Unpublished Paper Presented at Conference

[7]P. Star, “High density bedrock-based construction techniques,” presented at 5th International Conference on Pentagraphic Life, Fullerton, California, 2000.