http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/. medical bioinformatics prof:rui alves...
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Medical Bioinformatics
Prof:Rui [email protected]
973702406Dept Ciencies Mediques Basiques,
1st Floor, Room 1.08Website of the
Course:http://web.udl.es/usuaris/pg193845/Courses/Bioinformatics_2007/ Course: http://10.100.14.36/Student_Server/
What is Medical Informatics?
What is Medical Bioinformatics? Medical informatics has to do with all
aspects of understanding and promoting the effective organization, analysis, management, and use of information in health care. MI emphasizes technology as an integral tool to help organize, analyze, manage, and use information.
What is Medical Informatics?
What REALLY is Medical Bioinformatics? The science of managing information for
health care, research, education, and administration by applying, integrating, and evaluating information technology along with its associated policies, procedures, and organizational cultures.
MI assisting in Medicine
Different tools and approaches of MI can help in the decision making process. Regulations/Privacy/Security Database/Literature Searching -- EMB Public Health Informatics Outcomes Research Standards Development Decision Support Electronic Medical Record’s Development Telemedicine Simulation
Problems
Changing the culture of medical doctors These tools will become more useful as
more people use them and input data Medical doctors are notorious for not
adapting to new tools that do not have an instant and direct effect on their practice and for not sharing information freely
MI assisting in Medicine
Different tools and approaches of MI can help in the decision making process. Regulations/Privacy/Security Database/Literature Searching -- EMB Public Health Informatics Outcomes Research Standards Development Decision Support Electronic Medical Record’s Development Telemedicine Simulation
Decision Making in Medicine
Decision Making obeys a hierarchy of evidence levels. Anecdotal Accounts Expert Opinion Consensus Opinion Retrospective Analysis Prospective Analysis (Open study) Single Blind Double Blind Placebo Controlled
MI assisting in Decision Making
Working in a clinic is very similar to monitoring a continuous process.
Let physicians do what they do best: Pattern recognition Examine & Interact with patients Collect and filter data Apply the art of medicine
Let computers do what they do best: Provide the physician with the right amount of
information they need WHERE and WHEN they need it
Keep track of ALL the details ALL of the time
The Fundamental Principle of Decision Theory
THE BAYES THOREM[New Knowledge] = [Experimentation] x [Old Knowledge]
Application: Making Diagnosis[Old Knowledge] - we know disease D prevalence, p(D)[New Knowledge] - we need to know if the patient has
disease D if he has symptom S, p(D|S)[Experimentation] - Bayes Theorem builds the Likelihood
Function: L(D|S) = p(S|D) / {p(S|D) p(D) + p(S|’D) p(‘D)}
Now this Likelihood Function modifies the Old Knowledge:p(D|S) = L(D|S) p(D)
Medical Decision Support to mention a few
Clinical SystemsFinancialMedical RecordsComprehensive
Diagnostic SystemsQMR, Iliad, DXPlain, etc.
Pharmaceutical Prescriptions
ResearchData Mining
Health System Modeling
Medical Decision SupportClinical Systems
Computerized Medical Record systems :TMR - CMR from Duke Medical Center
Pharmaceutical System for Multiple DrugTherapy in ICU, Pharm-X
Comprehensive system for VCU HealthSystem.
Medical Decision SupportDiagnostic Systems
Knowledge Engineering, Expert Systems, AIare discussed in class
observationsknowledge base
decision mechanism diagnoses
explanations
feedback to adjust observations
Medical Decision SupportHealth Systems Modeling - 1
All over the world, with an aging population, there is a problem of how many physicians schools need to form. People have used different types of modeling to predict the evolution of the health care system needs
NeuralNets
Medical Decision SupportHealth Systems Modeling - 2
With the increase of population population, there is a problem of how many physicians schools need to form. People have used stochastic modeling to predict the number of MDs needed to keep the health care system working properly.
Master Equation
Medical Decision SupportIntensive Care Unit
At the ICU of Arnau Vilanova the team has developed a decision tree method to assist them in making decisions regarding diagnostic and treatment
Handbook of Medical Informatics
http://www.mieur.nl/mihandbook http://www.mihandbook.stanford.edu/
Next: Ester Vilaprinyo
Different tools and approaches or MI can help in the decision making process. Regulations/Privacy/Security Database/Literature Searching -- EMB Public Health Informatics Outcomes Research Standards Development Decision Support Electronic Medical Record’s Development Telemedicine Simulation