http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov gopalswamy 26-29 oct 2004, kiyosato, japan1 international heliophysical...

27
http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 1 International Heliophysical Year (IHY) 2007: Overview , J. Davila, B. J. Thompson NASA GSFC Green What is IHY? An international program to expand the famous IGY 1957 concept to a much larger realm – the entire solar system up to the ISM boundary - in a unique way IGY reached to the frontiers of geophysical research in 1957 IHY will reach to the frontiers of heliophysical research focusing on universal physical processes and connective phenomena Heliophysical: encompasses solar- planetary physics to heliosphere-ISM interaction Grass-roots organization with a science focus and international cooperation

Upload: jocelin-webster

Post on 29-Dec-2015

216 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 1

International Heliophysical Year

(IHY) 2007: Overview

N. Gopalswamy, J. Davila, B. J. Thompson NASA GSFC Greenbelt MD 20771

What is IHY?

● An international program to expand the famous IGY 1957 concept to a much larger realm – the entire solar system up to the ISM boundary - in a unique way● IGY reached to the frontiers of geophysical research in 1957● IHY will reach to the frontiers of heliophysical research focusing on universal physical processes and connective phenomena● Heliophysical: encompasses solar-planetary physics to heliosphere-ISM interaction● Grass-roots organization with a science focus and international cooperation

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 2

Why IHY? The Historical Perspective

• First International Polar Year (1882-1983)– January 1875 at the Academy of Sciences in Vienna Carl Weyprecht suggested a coordinated study of the

north polar region – Polar meteorological and magnetic observations commenced on Aug 1, 1882 and concluded Sep 1, 1883

• Second International Polar Year(1932-1933)– Scientific activities were significantly limited by the world-wide economic depression – Polar meteorological and magnetic observations to be made in 1932-1933, fifty years after the first IPY

The logical next step is to extend global studies into the Heliosphere to incorporate the drivers of Geophysical change into the global system-The IHY.

• International Geophysical Year (1957-1958)– In 1957 the IGY involved about 60,000 scientists

from 66 nations– To obtain simultaneous, global observations on

Earth and in space

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 3

The original IGY encompassed all of the geophysical domains from oceans to atmospheres. After the IGY the separate fields dispersed and evolved into large communities. Now it is the 50th anniversary of the original IGY and this has caused all of these disciplines to re-aggregate and recreate the conditions which fostered the successful IGY – Towards an IHY.

Evolution of System Studies

19571933 20071883

TIME

Siz

e S

cale

Stu

die

d

IPY-1

IPY-2

IGY

IHY

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 4

Advances During Previous International Years

• IPY 1– Auroral oval structure and dynamics– Currents flowing in the upper atmosphere produce magnetic

perturbations on the ground– Currents flow between upper atmosphere and space

• IPY 2– International polar observing network– New instrumentation (radiosondes and ionosondes)– Rapid run magnetometers– Simultaneous measurements at multiple stations– Global current pattern for specific magnetic disturbance

(magnetic bays)• IGY

– Interhemispheric network of polar stations– New instrumentation (all-sky cameras, satellites)– Major discovery (radiation belts)– New concepts (the magnetosphere, substorms)– Exploration of space– Global 3D synoptic data– Evidence of time-dependent global dynamics

• IHY will build on this heritage

Lapland, 1882

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 5

IHY Scientific Goals

• Provide benchmark measurements of the response of the magnetosphere, the ionosphere, the lower atmosphere and Earth surface to identify global processes and drivers which affect the terrestrial environment and climate

• Global study of the Sun-heliosphere system outward to the heliopause to understand the external, and historic drivers of geophysical change

• Foster international scientific cooperation in the study of Heliophysical phenomena now and in the future

• To communicate the unique scientific results of the IHY to the interested scientific community and to the general public

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 6

Why Now?

• A large armada of existing or planned spacecraft are in place to provide the most comprehensive global measurements of the sun-earth interplanetary system yet obtained

• Earth based observatories can provide measurements of terrestrial effects at the poles and elsewhere

• International collaboration is easier today than in previous international years with abundant and cheap electronic communication available

• No single country has sufficient resources to obtain all required observations

• The time is ripe for IHY global studies.

STEREO

ACE

SOHO

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 7

What is the Opportunity?

• Similar physical processes are evident in vastly different environments

True-color image of Earth’s aurora taken from Space Shuttle

Jupiter’s aurora imaged with HST

Aurora at Saturn’s poles

Cross-cutting solar system science

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 8

Ear

th

Jupi

ter

Mer

cury

Ear

th

Jupi

ter

Ura

nus

Sol

ar C

ycle

Sol

ar C

onve

ctio

n

Atm

osph

eric

Phy

sics

Fla

res

and

CM

Es

Sol

ar W

ind

Sol

ar I

rrad

ianc

e

Sub

stor

ms

Cos

mic

ray

Mod

ulat

ion

ICM

Es

Out

er H

elio

sphe

re

Reconnection X X X X X X X X X

Shocks X X X X X X X X X

Plasma Waves X X X X

Turbulence X X X X X X X X X X X

Particle Acceleration X X X X

Dynamo X

Magnetic Energy Storage & Release

X X X X X X X X X

Flux Ropes, Magnetospheres and other Magnetic Structures

X X X X X X X X X

Partially Ionized Plasma

X

Particle Propagation X X X X

Climate Change X X X

OBSERVATIONAL PHENOMENA FOR CAMPAIGNS

Climate

Aur

ora

PH

YS

ICA

L P

RO

CE

SS

ES

WO

RK

SH

OP

S

Mag

neto

sphe

ric

Str

uctu

re

Solar Physics Heliospheric PhysicsMagnetospheric, Ionospheric Physics

Cross-Cutting IHY Approach

•Observa-tional campaigns are organized for various phenomena

•Scientific results organized by physical process

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 9

General Benefits of the IHY

• The IHY will help us develop a deeper understanding of physical processes through a program of comparative study throughout the solar system.

• The IHY will further the study of energetic events in the solar system, paving the way for safe travel to the Moon and planets in the future.

• The IHY 2007 will serve to inspire the next generation of space physicists and explorers, as the IGY 1957 inspired us.

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 10

Benefits to Space Agencies

• Provides a community consensus structure to unite Earth and Space Science into the new field of “helioPHYSICS”.

• Broadens the use of space data by making data available, and involving new science groups while leveraging data analysis funds

• Pathfinder for ILWS science program, with high-priority consensus science objectives identified by International Teams

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 11

Planning Activities

• Identify national IHY core groups• Identify key leaders for science and advocacy and obtain

endorsements from scientific societies• Identify key facilities (observatories, instruments, data bases),

research groups and gaps that can be filled during IHY2007• Identify and approach funding sources • Identify science questions doable with available and new

facilities and resources• Connect with other national/regional planning groups to evolve a

unified IHY science plan• T. Kosugi, T. Terasawa, K. Shibasaki, M. Kojima, R. Fuji, Y.

Kamide, … Japanese core group• Asia-Pacific IHY planning meeting during AOGS 2005 Singapore

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 12

US Planning WorkshopSac Peak, NM 22-24 April, 2004

• Objective – Begin to organize the scientific program for the IHY in the US science community

• Conveners: J. Davila, N. Gopalswamy, B. Thompson• Scientific organizing Commitee -- Nancy Crooker, and Dan Baker (Co-Chairs),

Charles Jackman, Chuck Smith, Eberhard Mobius, and David Webb. K.S. Balasubramaniam and Alexi Pevtsov were Local Organizers.

• Four Working Groups Formed – – Climate and Earth Atmosphere (WG Leaders: Mark Baldwin and Rolando Garcia) – Magnetospheres and Ionospheres (WG Leaders: Howard Singer and Jan Sojka)– Heliosphere and Solar Wind (WG Leaders: Justin Kasper and Eberhard Mobius)– Solar Drivers (WG Leaders: Terry Forbes and Sarah Gibson).

• Workshop talks and working group summaries are available at website http://www.nso.edu/general/workshops/ihy2004

IHY U.S. Community Science Workshop being planned in early 2005 in Boulder CO, International workshop will be held in July 2005 in Toulouse, France

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 13

Planning Process

International Planning Meeting

J. Davila (US), R. Jain (IN),

I. Veselovsky (Rus)July 2005

Toulouse, France

International Science Plan

Presented to International Planning CommitteeRussia, Ukraine

V. Obridko

Asia PacificT. Kosugi, I. Cairns,

ChinaGuangli Huang

Sep 2004

United KingdomR. HarrisonNov 2003

United States/CanadaJ. Davila, N. Crooker

I. MannApril 2004

Spring 2005IndiaR. Jain,

A. BhattacharyaJuly 2004

EuropeJ.-L. Bougeret, B. Schmieder,R. Wimmer,

R. von Steiger

Meeting Planned

Meeting Complete

Latin AmericaM. Machado, C. Mandrini, P. Kaufmann

United NationsH. Haubold

October 2004May 2005

AfricaB. RaibuMoraal,

S. Yousef

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 14

IHY OVERVIEW

Heliophysical Science GoalsInternational Planning

OutreachFuture Heliophysical Scientists

Scientific Publications

IHY Data Base

Super CDAW: SeriesCoordinated Data Analysis Workshops

Super JOPSeries of CampaignsDistributed IHY Observatory

Space

Ground

New

eGY

VxO

International Scientific Organizations

Theory/Modeling

LP LP

LPLP

LPLegacy Potential

Funding Agencies

UN UNBSSI

UN

UN

UN

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 15

Campaign Framework

1. Title2. Campaign leader3. Science question/goal4. What’s unique for IHY

a. Interdisciplinaryb. Internationalc. Global (big picture ideas)d. Discovery potential

5. Key instrumentation and data6. Models7. Key proposals for community8. Collaborations9. Workshops/collaborations10. Educational opportunities11. Legacy potential:

IHY Steering Committee

Public OutreachNewsletters, Website, Articles, Media Affairs, Outreach Products

Emerging Nations Programs

Scientific CampaignsReviews proposals for IHY campaigns with observatory representatives, coordinates observing schedule

Observatory Reps and Coordinators

Scientific Institutions

Professional Organization Representatives and Coordinators

Science Working GroupsCoordinate analysis and modeling efforts, coordinate meetings & symposia

IGY History and Context

Research Organizations

NASA, ESA, JAXA, NAS, DoD, NSF, etc.

IHY Regional Steering Committees: Europe, North America, Asia-

Pacific, etc.

Scientific Meetings & PublicationsEnsure that scientific objectives of IHY are well-developed and that the results of IHY are communicated to the greater scientific community.

Production and Publications

Campaign Planners

Media Affairs

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 17

Scientific Endorsements

• IHY is widely endorsed by scientific organizations– COSPAR, IAU, ISSI, SCOSTEP, National Academy CSSP,

ILWS MOWG, UN/BSS

• Endorsement Pending– AAS, AGU, IUGG, ICTP, AOGS

• Cooperating Organizations– IUGG, IAGA, IAU, AAS, AGU, SCOSTEP, SHINE, CAWSES

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 18

Other International Years

• Electronic Geophysical Year– Along with Virtual Observatories Will provide data system for IHY

campaign data,

• International Polar Year– Scientific and campaign coordination for polar magnetospheric

phenomena, climate record, and atmospheric effects

• Year of Planet Earth– Solid Earth research, no specific coordination at this time

• International Geophysical Year 2007– Congressional resolution, supported by IHY

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 19

Recent Progress

• Developed a schedule of activities and are making progress towards finalizing research plans for 2007

• The International Steering Committee has been established• Coordination with the UNBSS program continues.  We will focus on

partnerships with developing nations to establish distributed instrument networks, and we are exploring how to do it with help from UNBSS.  UN-IHY Planning workshop during October 18-21 at GSFC to discuss coordination. 

• UNBSS has adopted IHY program for its annual workshops for 2005-2008 to involve scientists from developing nations. Potential for synergy with NSF/DASI (Distributed Array of Small Instruments) program

• Science Coordination Database has been established and is being populated, Campaign Coordination Database in development http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov/

• IHY events and activities at scores of international meetings and symposia• IGY Historical activities underway in partnership with the AGU History

Committee, eGY and the AIP’s Center for History of Physics

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 20

The IHY Science Coordination Database

Over 100 instruments already entered into database

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 21

IHY Planning Schedule

• 2004: Regional coordination meetings, campaigns begin to be defined, synergy/coordination discussions with professional organizations• 2005: Synthesis from regional to international, merging of science working groups and campaigns, "backfilling" missing initiatives• 2006: Prototyping year, preliminary work, review and finalize campaign proposals, proposals to national funding agencies• 2007: IHY campaigns, establish data bases and tools• 2008+: workshops, publications, archives

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 22

Where you fit in

• serve as a coordinator between IHY and your scientific institution or organization to ensure overlap in scientific goals

• serve on one of the science working groups to assist in the development of scientific initiatives

• help with the public outreach effort• assist in the development of programs for developing countries• contribute a story or "reminiscence" about IGY 1957• propose and help coordinate an observing campaign• serve as an observatory coordinator• be creative - new suggestions and ideas are always welcome!

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 23

Schedule of Activities

J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct

Science Leadership

Developing Nations International IHY Science Campaigns Workshop Planning Meeting Coordinated Analysis Workshops, Activities

Identify Members Synthesis IHY Results Sessions at Meetings

Establish SWGs compile int'l inputs, Publications and Reports

SWGs finalize campaigns

USA OrganizersWorkshop

Identify Planning Activities

Team Members IHY Special Sessions at Meetings

UK OrganizersWorkshop

National Planning Activities in Individual NationsRecruit Country Reps Synthesis of Int'l Activities

Scientific Activities and Research

Study Implement Populate Dbase Coordinated Analysis Workshops, Activities

Planning Activities IHY Results Sessions at Meetings

IHY Special Sessions at Meetings Publications and Reports

Theory & Modeling Initiative

Establish SWGs compile int'l inputs, IHY Science Campaigns

SWGs finalize campaigns

LWS/IHY Sessions and Workshop at IAGA Mtg

International Living With a StarIntegration with IPY Science J oint IHY/ IPY Science Campaigns

International Science Organizing Committee

U.S. Science Organizing Committee

Recruit Country/Region Representatives and Initiate Local Planning Activities

Scientific Analysis, Modeling, Research Efforts

Campaign Coordination Database Dev'lpmnt

IHY Campaign Coordination

Coordinated Activities with Other Organizations and Agencies, such as IPY, LWS, SCOSTEP, etc.

2008 20092003 2004 2005 2006 2007

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 24

Communication

Basic Structure Add Resources and Tools Continue to Populate, Serve as a Contact and Information Point

Collect and Digitize IGY Historical Info & Contributions

Information, recruiting Science Input Stimulate Analysis and Discussion

IHY Special Sessions at Meetings IHY Results Sessions at Meetings

Develop Tools & Town Hall Leaders lead activities,

Coord. Structure Incorporate Results after meeting

IHY Special Sessions at Meetings Coordinated Analysis Workshops, Activities

IHY Results Sessions at Meetings

Activity Coordination

Design/Test Populate Database

Study Implement Populate Dbase IHY Science Campaigns

SWGs compile int'l inputs,

finalize campaigns

Study Implement Populate Database Access and AnalysisCoordinated Analysis Workshops, Activities

Developing Nations Initiatives

UNBSS IHY UNBSS Workshop UNBSS Workshop UNBSS Workshop UNBSS Workshop UNBSS Workshop

Coordination Meeting on IHY 2007 on IHY 2007 on IHY 2007 on IHY on IHY

Planning Initiative Development Continued Identification of Targeted Development Activities

NSF DASI Workshop

Identify Identify Participants, Development and Deployment of Continued Proposals Funding Sources Global Instrumentation "Legacy"

E/ PO

Basic Structure Teacher Activities, Serve as a coordination point for activities, Educator Tools stimulate interest in IHY activities & events

Special IHY/ IPY EPO Session @AGU E/PO Committee Activities

Develop Educator Resources

Town Hall Meetings/ Special Sessions Dedicated Activities at1957 "Alumni" Gatherings at AGU 2007 IUGG Meeting

Collect and Digitize IGY Historical Info & Contributions Publications

Development Efforts

IGY 2007 History (J oint with AGU History Committee)

IHY Website

IHY Contacts at most scientific meetings

Global Scientific Instrumentation Activities

UN Basic Space Science Activities

Science Coordination Database

"Town Hall" discussions and Special Sessions at major meetings

IHY Scientific Meetings and Science Workshops

Data and Model Access System

Campaign Coordination and Planning Database

Theory & Modeling Initiative Development

IHY Website

J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct J an Apr J ul Oct

2008 20092003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Reference Slides

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 26

The IHY Campaign Database

• The IHY Campaign site contains all of the logistics for IHY campaign planning. Searchable fields will include:

• The Science Working Group Objectives, leaders and participants

• Approved and Proposed campaigns

• Participating Observatories and Observatory Representatives

• Campaign observing targets• Modelers • Campaign Number• Science Objective

• IHY participants interested in the Campaign's scientific topic

• Scientific Publications Relevant to the Campaign's scientific topic

• Start Date, End Date

• Participating Observatory(s)

• A searchable IHY Campaign calendar

• A searchable IHY Science Planning Database

• A searchable IHY Campaign Database

http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov Gopalswamy 26-29 Oct 2004, Kiyosato, Japan 27

IHY International Planning Coordinators

- Heinzl: Czech Republic

- Michalek: Poland- Arnold Benz: Switzerland- Rob Wimmer-Schweinbruger: Germany- Dalmiro Maia: Portugal- Javier Rodriguez-Pacheko: Spain- Ester Antonucci: Italy- Brigitte Schmeider: France- Andy Breen: UK- Peter Gallagher: Ireland- Pierre Kaufmann: Brazil - Bill Liu: Canada- Guangli Huang: China- Rajmal Jain, Narain Rao: India- Lu Lee: Taiwan- Kojima, Kamide, Fuji, Terasawa: Japan- Stefan Poedts: Belgium- Ismail Sabbah: Kuwait- Bo Andersen: Norway

- Cristina Mandrini, Marta Rovira: Argentina- Xochitl Blanco-Cano (Mexico)- E Turunen, Usoskin, Pulkinnen: Finland - Rajmal Jain: India- Karel Kudela: Slovakia- Bindschadler: Antarctica- Obridko, Veselovsky: Russia- Harm Moraal: South Africa- Hady: Egypt- Babatunde Rabiu: Nigeria- Dong-Hun Lee, S.Y. Yun : S. Korea- Chilingairayan: Azerbaijan- Axel Brandenburg, Eigil Friis-Christensen: Denmark- Sixto Gonzalez: Puerto Rico- Rusdijak: Croatia- Walter Gonzalez: Brazil- Xenophon Moussas: Greece - Gedalin: Israel