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http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/ Introduction to Primates University of Minnesota Duluth Tim Roufs © 2010-2013 . . . or how to make sense out of Ch. 6 and Ch. 7 of the text . . .

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Page 1: Http://... or how to make sense out of Ch. 6 and Ch. 7 of the text

http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/

Introduction to Primates

University of Minnesota DuluthTim Roufs

© 2010-2013

. . . or how to make sense

out of

Ch. 6 and Ch. 7 of the text . . .

http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/
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Wikipedia

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Wikipedia

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Understanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 97

Classification chart (after Linnaeus)

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

“New”

“New”

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pre-monkeys

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pre-monkeys prosimians

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prosimians

monkeys

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prosimians

monkeys

apes

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prosimians

monkeys

humans

apes

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prosimians

monkeys

apes

humans

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pre-monkeys

monkeys

apes

humans

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http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprim.html#title

http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprim.html
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Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 93

Distribution of Nonhuman Primates

Primates are tropical and temperate climate creatures

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http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprimpr.html

http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprimpr.html
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“Times to Remember” WebPage

http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pctimes.html
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“Times to Remember” WebPage

http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pctimes.html
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A Primate Family TreeThe Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64

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A Primate Family TreeThe Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64

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A Primate Family TreeThe Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64

prosimians

monkeys

apes

humans

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prosimians

monkeys

apes

humans

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

prosimians

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

monkeys

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

apes

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

hominoids

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Understanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 204

traditional classification

revised classification

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

revised classification of

hominoids

hominoids

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

revised classification of

hominoids

hominoids

note twoadditional levels of classification

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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126

revised classification of

hominoids Homininae

note twoadditional levels of classification

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one more thing

to pay attention to, concerning

early primates . . .

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Wikipedia

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Wikipedia

Pangea

the original

“supercontinent” . . .

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Wikipedia

Pangea

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Continental drift

Mesozoic (ca. 125 m.y.a.) Cenozoic (ca. 65 m.y.a.)Understanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 109

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Continental drift

Mesozoic (ca. 125 m.y.a.) Cenozoic (ca. 65 m.y.a.)Understanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 109

Pangea

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Continental drift

Mesozoic (ca. 125 m.y.a.) Cenozoic (ca. 65 m.y.a.)Understanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 109

ca. 65 mya

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Pangea Split |

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Pangea Split |

“Island Effect”

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Pangea Split |

“Island Effect”|

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Pangea Split |

“Island Effect”|

New Adaptations

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Pangea Split |

“Island Effect”|

New Adaptations|

New Orders of Creation

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tree life

|

physical modifications

|

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earliest primates =

prosimians

(pre-monkeys)

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improved grasping hand

improved opposability

more elaborate brains

smelling becomes secondary

color vision

larger eyes

eyes moved forward

|

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Gibbon Red WolfUnderstanding Humans, 10th ed., p. 122

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All of this required increased

coordination of senses

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monkeys use food more efficiently than apes

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monkeys use food more efficiently than apes

|

need for apes to encounter wider and more varied

environments

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monkeys use food more efficiently than apes

|

need for apes to encounter wider and more varied

environments

|

greater variety of environments

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microenvironments

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microenvironments

http://v/
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The African Savannah

Illustration by Jay H. Matternes

microenvironments

http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/atapuerca/africa/branches.php

http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/atapuerca/africa/branches.php
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multiplicity of alternatives

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multiplicity of alternatives

|

need for deliberation

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multiplicity of alternatives

|

need for deliberation

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requires more time

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multiplicity of alternatives

|

need for deliberation

|

requires more time

|

causes delay

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multiplicity of alternatives

|

need for deliberation

|

requires more time

|

causes delay

|

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therefore life becomes less

automatic

and one depends to a greater

extent on learning . . .

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CULTURE(learned behavior)

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Detailed information on primates

is available on the class website at

www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/

http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/
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Primate taxonomic classificationUnderstanding Humans, 11th ed., p. 126


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