Sorbisense

Passive sampling technology for effective groundwater monitoring

Hubert de Jonge, Bert Baan

CityChlor: Workshop on-site research and monitoring for chlorinated solvents in urban areas.

Utrecht, the Netherlands. March 2011

Sorbisense 2011

ContentIntroduction to passive samplingApplication areasTechnology, how it worksUser valueCases, references.

Sorbisense 2011

IntroductionGroundwater sampling primarily occurs with traditional pumping techniques (”spot samples”)Passive samplers have emerged since the 1990´s and have found widespread use in the US.Still marginally used in Europe.Major argument for using passive samplers is continuous sampling rather than discrete ”snap shots”

Sorbisense 2011

Application areas

Sorbisense 2011

GroundwaterSurface waterWastewater

Groundwater applications

Sorbisense 2011

Groundwater3D plume characterizationMonitoring performance of remediation activitiesMonitoring natual attenuationCompliance monitoring”Stable end situation”

Sorbisense method: technology (1)

Pressure gradients creates advective flow through SorbiCellSolid phase polymer adsorbs compounds to be measuredTracer salt is leached in proportion to water volumeAnalysis in laboratory (GC-MS, LC-MS, etc.)Concentration C derived from: C = M * Ks /(mo-mt)

De Jonge and Rothenberg; Pat. WO03098167Sorbisense 2011

SorbiCell – how it works

SorbiCell types – different solute groups

VOC: 55 VOC (halogenated, aromatics, degradation products)Oil, PAH, pesticidesHeavy metalsNutrients, MNA parameters

Sorbisense 2011

Sorbisense method – technology (2)

Mounting in groundwater wellsSorbiCell is clipped onto the GWS unit (various sizes) and mounted at the depth of the well screenHydrostatic water pressure fills the GWS unit, water inflow occurs through SorbiCell cartridgeAir is pressed out through air-hoseSampling interval 1 day 3 - monthsSampling from 0,5 - 100 m depthPrecision capillaries for flow control

Sorbisense 2011

Sorbisense method–technology

Time-averaged concentration values: more reliable results with dynamic/pulsed concentrationsEasy and precise vertical delineation of the plume Saves time (no pre-pumping)No waste water pumped to the surfaceNo service, power, maintenanceBetter logistics; preservation of the sample

Better decisions: save total project costs!

Sorbisense 2011

Sorbisense method- user value

User value (2)- time averaged concentrations

SKB projectCase: Rotterdam HarbourConsultant: Royal HaskoningProblem: Vinyl chloride plume, 20 m under GWLSampling period: 3 months4 reference samples with regular groundwater sampling

Sorbisense 2011

Peilbuis MP16

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

28-04-2007 17-06-2007 06-08-2007 25-09-2007

Viny

l chl

orid

e (u

g/L)

Watermonsters

Sorbisense 0309

Sorbisense 0312

Peilbuis MP19

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

28-04-2007 17-06-2007 06-08-2007 25-09-2007

Viny

l chl

orid

e (u

g/L)

Watermonsters

Sorbisense 0308

Sorbisense 0313

Peilbuis MP20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

28-04-2007 17-06-2007 06-08-2007 25-09-2007

Viny

l chl

orid

e (u

g/L)

Watermonsters

Sorbisense 0314

Sorbisense 0315

Peilbuis MP22

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

28-04-2007 17-06-2007 06-08-2007 25-09-2007

Vin

yl c

hlor

ide

(ug/

L)Watermonsters

Sorbisense 0310

Sorbisense 0311

Sorbisense 2011

User value (3)- time averaged concentrations

Customer: Copenhagen Regional authoritiesConsultant: Grontmij Carl BroVOCl contaminationSampling period: 2 weeks2 reference sampes with regular groundwater samplesShort filter screens (single level) for horizontal mappingLonger filter screens with multi-level sampling for vertical delineation of plume

Sorbisense 2011

User value (4)- Plume delination in 3D

Sorbisense 2011

User value (5)- Vertical delineation of plume with ML sampler

Make optimal use of longer well screens

Sorbisense 2011

Long wells are ”problematic” and mostly usefull for screening purpose onlyNevertheless: many have been placed throughout Europe.Level specific groundwater sampling: expensive with regular methodsSorbisense Multilevel System is easily applicable: 30 min placementsGives precise information on vertical concentration gradients.

User value (6)- vertical delineation

Sorbisense 2011

Sagsnavn Initialer:Lokalitet: Dato:Sagsnr: Side: 1 af

Boring. nr.: B6-11 MP, placering: MP, kote (husk x): DNN DVR90 Bundpejling 20 m u.t. Bundpejling: m u. MP

Pumpetype: Mp-1 Start, kl.: Slut, kl.:Pumpens placering:2 m over bund Filtersætning: m u.t. - m u.t. Filtersætning m.u.MP - m.u.MP

Tidspkt. Pejling Kondukt. pH Temp. Prøve-(kl.) (m.u.MP) (mS/cm) (-) (mg/L) (%) (ºC) udtagning

13.30 16,21 1406 7,39 4,27 10,5 ?13.45 17,58 1404 7,42 4,44 10,4 ?14.00 17,62 1405 7,43 4,54 10,6 ?14.30 17,62 1403 7,44 4,62 10,5 ?14.35 17,62 1407 7,43 4,69 10,5 ?14.40 17,62 1403 7,43 4,7 10,5 ?14.45 17,62 1403 7,43 4,81 10,5 ?

?????

Forpumpningsberegninger ved 5 x filtervolumen:Pejling, vandspejl: m.u.MP - Pejling, filterbund: m.u.MP ? vandsøjle (h): mDiam,filter (fx mm = m Filtervolumen, (π x (D/2)² x h): π x ( / 2 )² m = m³ = L. 5 x filtervol.= literFlow (Q): L/minPumpetid for 5 x filtervolume(5xfiltervolumen)/Q : L / L / min = min

Nødvendigt værktøj til borings-adgang: Boring: unbracoskrue ? lås ? (Nøgle nr./lås nr.: )Boringsafslutning:

VANDPRØVETAGNING

Pejlepunkt (MP):kant filte m o/u terræn

Prøvetagn. slange: PE

SorbicellEgevej 3, Skuldelev30.8030.01

14-dec-10JMP

Ilt Pumpeydelse Bemærkninger(fx prøve id)(L/min)

10 L/ 94 sek brungrumset10 L/ 94 sek klart10 L/ 94 sek klart10 L/ 94 sek klart10 L/ 94 sek klart10 L/ 94 sek klart10 L/ 94 sek klart

Pre-pumpning: 75 min. (60-90)

User value (7) - time saving

Sorbisense 2011

User value (8) - time saving

No pre-pumping; hence no problems with low-yield wellsTypical installation time for mounting of groundwater units: 10-15 minutesDeep well mounting under 15 minutes!Nr. of field visits can be reduced

Documentation & referencesAn extensive list of documentation/ references, here among:

DK: Copenhagen authorities and waterworks (VOCl, pesticides)Grontmij Carl BroDK: DHI/ETV validerings project (VOCs)NL: SKB projectLab accreditations (Alcontrol NL)

International developments

Sorbisense 2011

Sorbisense A/S

Contact us at:Hubert de Jonge, hubert@sorbisense.com

Bert Baan, bert@sorbisense.com

Sorbisense 2011

It is legal to use us ☺Quick ordering via EijkelkampEnabling services with lab analysesNL office soon to be established

Sorbisense 2011

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

Egevej 3, Skuldelev

Sorbiceller

December 2010

Udbredelse af 1,1,1-TCA

Miljøteknisk boring med nr. og konc. µg/l. To værdier angiver øvre og nedre filter

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

Egevej 3, Skuldelev

Sorbiceller

December 2010

Udbredelse af 1,1,1-TCA

Miljøteknisk boring med nr. og konc. µg/l. To værdier angiver øvre og nedre filter

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

Egevej 3, Skuldelev

Sorbiceller

December 2010

Udbredelse af 1,1,1-TCA

Miljøteknisk boring med nr. og konc. µg/l. To værdier angiver øvre og nedre filter

1120

310

456

130

106

63238

14,7-

-<0,4

10960

50

1120

310

456

130

106

63238

14,7-

-<0,4

10960

50

500200

100

0 50m0 50m

N

1000B6.7 B3

B4B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

Egevej 3, Skuldelev

Alm. vandprøver

Januar 2011

Udbredelse af 1,1,1-TCA

Miljøteknisk boring med nr. og konc. µg/l. To værdier angiver øvre og nedre filter

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

Egevej 3, Skuldelev

Alm. vandprøver

Januar 2011

Udbredelse af 1,1,1-TCA

Miljøteknisk boring med nr. og konc. µg/l. To værdier angiver øvre og nedre filter

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

B6.7 B3B4

B6.6

B6.12

B6.11

B33

B6.8

B6.3

B31

B32

B6.9B6.10

B6.13

B6.14

B6.15

Egevej 3, Skuldelev

Alm. vandprøver

Januar 2011

Udbredelse af 1,1,1-TCA

Miljøteknisk boring med nr. og konc. µg/l. To værdier angiver øvre og nedre filter

700

360

580

120

52

84230

150,48

-0,97

3940

6,9

700

360

580

120

52

84230

150,48

-0,97

3940

6,9

500200

100

0 50m0 50m

N

Almost identical results with SorbiCells (left) and regular water samples (right)

User value (5)- horizontal delineation of VOCl plume