hud consolidated plan and strategies - lakewood...hud consolidated plan and strategies five-year...

HUD Consolidated Plan and Strategies

Five-Year Plan FY 2015 – FY 2019

(January 1, 2015 – December 31, 2019)

Annual Plan FY 2015

(January 1, 2015 – December 31, 2015)

City of Lakewood, Ohio

DRAFT

October, 2014

Prepared with the assistance of the Cuyahoga County Planning Commission

TABLE OF CONTENTS

City of Lakewood, Ohio FY 2014 - 2018 CONSOLIDATED PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-05 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................TO BE ADDED

THE PROCESS PR-05 LEAD & RESPONSIBLE AGENCIES ....................................................................... 4

PR-10 CONSULTATION ............................................................................................ 7

PR-15 CITIZEN PARTICIPATION ..................................................................................24

NEEDS ASSESSMENT NA-05 OVERVIEW .................................................................................................26

NA-40 HOMELESS NEEDS ASSESSMENT ........................................................................33

NA-50 NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS ..................................................37

HOUSING MARKET ANALYSIS MA-05 OVERVIEW .................................................................................................40

MA-30 HOMELESS FACILITIES ...................................................................................61

MA-45 NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ASSETS .................................................64

MA-50 NEEDS AND MARKET ANALYSIS DISCUSSION .........................................................73

STRATEGIC PLAN SP-05 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................84

SP-10 GEOGRAPHIC PRIORITIES ................................................................................87

SP-25 PRIORITY NEEDS ..........................................................................................88

SP-35 ANTICIPATED RESOURCES ................................................................................92

SP-40 INSTITUTIONAL DELIVERY STRUCTURE .................................................................95

SP-45 GOALS ......................................................................................................102

SP-60 HOMELESSNESS STRATEGY ..............................................................................105

SP-65 LEAD BASED PAINT HAZARDS ...........................................................................106

SP-70 ANTI-POVERTY STRATEGY ................................................................................107

SP-80 MONITORING ...............................................................................................109

ANNUAL ACTION PLAN AP-15 EXPECTED RESOURCES ...................................................................................111

AP-20 ANNUAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES .......................................................................114

AP-35 PROJECTS ...................................................................................................117

AP-38 PROJECT SUMMARIES .....................................................................................119

AP-50 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION .............................................................................133

AP-65 HOMELESS AND OTHER SPECIAL NEEDS ACTIVITIES .................................................135

AP-85 OTHER ACTIONS ...........................................................................................136

AP-90 PROGRAM SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................143

Executive Summary

ES-05 Executive Summary - 91.200(c), 91.220(b)

1. Introduction

Executive Summary To Be Added Prior to Final Submission

2. Summary of the objectives and outcomes identified in the Plan

3. Evaluation of past performance

4. Summary of citizen participation process and consultation

process

5. Summary of public comments

6. Summary of comments or views not accepted and the reasons

for not accepting them

7. Summary

Draft Five-Year Consolidated Plan

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OMB Control No: 2506-0117 (exp. 07/31/2015)

The Process

PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies - 91.200(b)

1. Describe agency/entity responsible for preparing the Consolidated Plan and those responsible for administration of each

grant program and funding source The following are the agencies/entities responsible for preparing the

Consolidated Plan and those responsible for administration of each grant program and funding source.

Agency Role Name Department/Agency

CDBG Administrator LAKEWOOD Dept. of Planning &

Development

ESG Administrator LAKEWOOD Dept. of Planning &

Development Table 1 – Responsible Agencies

Narrative

This document discusses the Community Development Block Grant funds received directly

by Lakewood, Ohio. It is also part of a submission to HUD by the Cuyahoga Housing

Consortium which represents the following five jurisdictions: Cleveland Heights, Euclid,

Lakewood, Parma, and the Cuyahoga County Urban County.

The Cuyahoga Housing Consortium

In 1991, the City of Cleveland Heights, the City of Euclid, and the Cuyahoga County

Department of Development, then representing 43 communities known as the Cuyahoga

County Urban County, received approval from HUD to form the Cuyahoga Housing

Consortium. Over the next several years, both the City of Lakewood and the City of Parma

received HUD approval to join the Consortium. Including subsequent additions to the

Cuyahoga County Urban County, the Consortium currently represents about 850,000 persons in 55 communities, or two-thirds of all Cuyahoga County residents.

The Consortium is governed by a seven-member Board comprised of the Mayors of

Cleveland Heights, Euclid, Lakewood, and Parma, along with the three Cuyahoga County

appointees. These jurisdictions formed a consortium to enable them to receive HOME funds

jointly from HUD. By creating the Consortium, the amount of money allocated to the group

exceeds the funding that could be obtained by the individual jurisdictions. Cumulatively,

that decision has garnered millions of federal dollars for local housing programs. Actions

taken as the Cuyahoga Housing Consortium do not affect CDBG allocations or allocations of other federal funds to individual members.

In addition to the ability to receive HOME funds, the Consortium takes advantage of the fact

that 55 Cuyahoga County communities are working together as part of the Consolidated

Planning process. The Consortium uses this opportunity to ensure broader planning and

coordination regarding affordable housing issues throughout Cuyahoga County. The


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following CDBG entitlement communities are not members of the Consortium and file Consolidated Plan documents directly with HUD: Cleveland and East Cleveland.

The Consolidated Plan approach is the means to meet the submission requirements for the

Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), HOME Investment Partnerships (HOME),

Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG), and Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) formula programs, the four formula programs available to jurisdictions:

Community Development Block Grant (CDBG). These funds are used for a

variety of community development, neighborhood revitalization, and economic

development programs, with the intent of assisting low and moderate income people

and improving deteriorated areas.

HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME). These funds are used

specifically for housing-related projects, such as first-time homebuyer assistance and

housing rehabilitation. The funds are received directly from HUD by the Cuyahoga

Housing Consortium on behalf of its five partner jurisdictions. The Cuyahoga County

Urban County is the lead administrative entity.

Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG). Based upon HUD formulas, only Lakewood

and the Cuyahoga County Urban County receive ESG funds directly from HUD. These

funds are intended to assist persons and families who are homeless or at-risk of

homelessness. The funds can be spent in any community in Cuyahoga County.

Housing Opportunities for Persons With AIDS (HOPWA). Within Ohio, only the

State of Ohio, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, and Dayton receive HOPWA funds

from HUD. Funding in Cuyahoga County and surrounding counties is handled through

the City of Cleveland. The funds can be spent in any community in Cuyahoga

County.


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Consolidated Plan Public Contact Information Daniel Wyman, Development Officer City of Lakewood, Department of Planning & Development 12650 Detroit Avenue Lakewood, Ohio 44107 Telephone: 216-529-7680

Email: [email protected]


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PR-10 Consultation - 91.100, 91.200(b), 91.215(l)

1. Introduction

This question intentionally left blank. Please refer to other responses in this section.

Provide a concise summary of the jurisdiction’s activities to enhance coordination between public and assisted housing providers and

private and governmental health, mental health and service agencies

(91.215(I)).

The following are several examples of existing coordination between public and assisted

housing providers and private and government health, mental health, and service agencies

in Cuyahoga County that have the potential to involve residents of Consortium jurisdictions:

While being treated for mental health issues requiring a stay in an institutional

setting, persons may be located in either a public or private facility. Upon release,

those in public facilities are more likely to be at-risk of homelessness. The Alcohol,

Drug Addiction and Mental Health Services (ADAMHS) Board of Cuyahoga County,

through its network of provider agencies, works to retain and add housing units for

persons that are part of the mental health system caseload. The housing units

include public or assisted housing, depending upon the circumstances of the person

involved.

There are also persons released from physical health institutions at-risk of

homelessness, such as persons who have lost employment during their hospital stay,

have insufficient savings to pay ongoing housing and housing-related costs during

their hospital stay, and do not have a support network to assist them. Social workers

at physical health institutions have access to resources such as United Way of

Greater Cleveland’s 211/First Call For Help, an information clearinghouse staffed 24-

hours-a-day to provide information on a variety of health, housing, and human

service needs. In addition to United Way and its more than 100 partner

organizations, the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Office of Homeless Services is also

available to assist in an effort to prevent homelessness from occurring.

Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority police officers participate in a training

program to better handle social problems they confront, such as poverty, domestic

violence, drug abuse, and child welfare. The project is a partnership that includes

CMHA, Case Western Reserve University, Partnership for a Safer Cleveland, and Kent

State University. For example, officers will be able to refer at-risk youth and their

families to social services agencies to address their problems. Counselors will

respond within 72 hours for mental health, substance abuse, and child welfare

needs.

Describe coordination with the Continuum of Care and efforts to address the needs of homeless persons (particularly chronically


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homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans,

and unaccompanied youth) and persons at risk of homelessness

Housing providers, health and service agencies in Cuyahoga County have a long record of

collaborating to address the needs of homeless persons, including the chronically homeless,

families with children, veterans, and unaccompanied youth, as well as persons at risk of

homelessness. The following are selected projects.

Guaranteed Access to Shelter

The Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care (CoC) and government officials, county

and city departments, and non-profit housing and service providers guarantee everyone has

access to emergency shelter, or, if a shelter is full, transportation and space at another facility.

HousingFirst Initiative (HFI)

HFI is a successful public/private partnership effort to develop permanent supportive

housing and end chronic homelessness countywide. HFI moves chronically homeless

persons into stable housing and then links the person to comprehensive support services

on-site. About 80% of residents remain in their apartments, with almost all engaged in

services. The rate of emergency room visits and hospitalizations has been substantially

reduced. About 20% of the residents move on to more independent housing situations and/or reunite with family. Only a small percentage of persons return to a shelter.

Hospital Protocols for the Homeless

One difficulty for shelters, hospitals, and homeless persons who are hospitalized is when the

patient is about to be discharged. If the patient has recovered sufficiently, the hospital

cannot continue to keep him/her, however a shelter often does not have the medical

expertise or appropriate accommodations to care for someone with more extensive medical

needs. Through the Care Alliance and the CoC, a coalition of shelter providers, hospital

social work staff and administrators, and local foundations implemented screening

guidelines at time of discharge. If the patient is homeless at discharge but does not meet

ten basic, functioning measures, the hospital sends the patient to a nursing home or

alternative care facility until such time as the person can be safely discharged to a non-medical living situation.

211/First Call for Help

The United Way of Greater Cleveland administers this 24-hour/7 day-a-week hot line. This

resource, developed collaboratively by United Way and social service providers, allows

anyone, including homeless persons or persons at risk of homelessness, to call with

questions regarding service needs and receive an answer or a referral on the spot. United Way also provides a searchable internet database, available free at any library.

Discharge Policies

The McKinney-Vento Act requires State and local governments to develop and implement

Discharge Coordination Policies and Protocols to ensure that a person being discharged from


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a publically funded institution or system of care, such as health care facility, foster care or

other youth facility, or correction program and institution, is not discharged into

homelessness. The CoC has adopted existing State policies and procedures or developed its own policies and procedures to address this need.

Cuyahoga County Office of Re-Entry

The Cuyahoga County Office of Re-entry addresses the needs of persons returning to

Cuyahoga County from the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction. In

collaboration with the City of Cleveland, United Way, and local foundations, comprehensive

re-entry strategies include housing, behavioral health, and employment support. For

youths, the Ohio Department of Youth Services' (ODYS) written policy is to return youth to

their own home, if possible. Release planning for all youth begins within 60 days of admission to the facility and continues for the duration of commitment.

Describe consultation with the Continuum(s) of Care that serves the

jurisdiction's area in determining how to allocate ESG funds, develop performance standards and evaluate outcomes, and develop funding,

policies and procedures for the administration of HMIS

Funding Allocation

The City of Lakewood receives Emergency Solutions Grant funding. The City and Lakewood

Community Services Center (LCSC), the sub-recipient for Lakewood’s ESG funds, have a

long history of partnership with the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care (CoC).

The Strategic Plan section of this Five-Year Plan describes goals, objectives and strategies

for addressing homelessness. The Plan references the CoC’s Blue Print for Change which

states: “… the CoC has developed an approach to transform the current community

response to homelessness to emphasize prevention and rapid re-housing.” Among the specific strategies included in the Blue Print for Change plan are:

Implement a Centralized or Coordinated Intake System whereby all persons seeking

shelter are assessed immediately to determine if there are any potential options to

shelter.

Within the shelter system provide assessment and linkages to case management and

mainstream social services.

Utilize rapid re-housing resources to reduce the length of shelter stays.

Lakewood Community Services Center utilizes the city of Lakewood's ESG funds to address

the priorities stated above.

Performance Standards and Outcome Evaluation

LCSC utilizes ServicePoint, the CoC’s HMIS-compliant electronic data collection software. In

2013 LCSC passed the CoC’s Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) Security &

Confidentiality Audit. The Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Office of Homeless Services is the

Systems Administrator for HMIS. Agencies receiving ESG sub-awards are required to


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participate in the HMIS. The HUD-required (16) data elements are entered for every client

accessing ESG services, except victims of domestic violence. Exit data is also collected.

HMIS data enables outcomes to be evaluated based on the following measures:

Diversion: 20% of persons/households, seeking shelter will be successfully diverted

to alternative, safe housing.

Length of Stay: Implementing rapid exit strategies shortens the Average Length of

Stay (ALOS) by 10%. The ALOS benchmark will be determined based on the 2011

Annual Homeless Assessment report (AHAR).

Return to Shelter: Utilizing the 2011 AHAR, the benchmark for the percentage of

persons returning to shelter from CoC funded services will be established. ESG

participants returning to shelter will be tracked in HMIS and demonstrate a reduction

of 5%.

2. Describe Agencies, groups, organizations and others who

participated in the process and describe the jurisdictions consultations with housing, social service agencies and other

entities


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Table 2– Agencies, groups, organizations who participated

1 Agency/Group/Organization Alcohol Drug Addiction & Mental Health Services Board of Cuyahoga

County

Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing

Services - Housing

Services-Children

Services-Elderly Persons

Services-Persons with Disabilities

Services-Persons with HIV/AIDS

Services-Victims of Domestic Violence

Services-Health

Services-Education

Services-Employment

Services - Victims

Health Agency

Other government - County

What section of the Plan was addressed by

Consultation?

Non-Homeless Special Needs

How was the Agency/Group/Organization

consulted and what are the anticipated

outcomes of the consultation or areas for

improved coordination?

Cuyahoga Housing Consortium members and the Continuum of

Care have policy and program discussions with this agency on an

ongoing basis to address the needs of county residents.


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2 Agency/Group/Organization Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Office of Homeless Services


Services - Housing

Services-Children





Services-homeless

Services-Health

Services-Education

Services-Employment

Services - Victims



Consultation?

Homelessness Strategy

Homeless Needs - Chronically homeless

Homeless Needs - Families with children

Homelessness Needs - Veterans

Homelessness Needs - Unaccompanied youth





Cuyahoga Housing Consortium members work with OHS staff, its

Advisory Board, and committees on an ongoing basis to coordinate

the needs of homeless and at-risk homeless county residents.

3 Agency/Group/Organization Cleveland Tenants Organization

Agency/Group/Organization Type Service-Fair Housing

Non-profit organization


Consultation?

Housing Need Assessment

Market Analysis

Fair housing





As one of two organizations providing fair housing services to the

City of Lakewood, the Department of Planning and Development

and CTO have policy and program discussions on an ongoing basis

to address housing issues in Lakewood.


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4 Agency/Group/Organization Cuyahoga County Board of Developmental Disabilities


Services - Housing

Services-Children



Services-Health

Services-Education

Services-Employment



Consultation?






Cuyahoga Housing Consortium and the Continuum of Care have

policy and program discussions with this agency on an ongoing

basis to address the needs of county residents.

5 Agency/Group/Organization Cuyahoga County Board of Health

Agency/Group/Organization Type Services - Housing

Services-Children

Services-Health

Health Agency



Consultation?

Lead-based Paint Strategy





Cuyahoga Housing Consortium members have policy and program

discussions with this agency on an ongoing basis to address the

needs of county residents. Consortium members and this agency

jointly plan, implement, and administer programs that are part of

the countywide lead-based paint strategy.

6 Agency/Group/Organization Cuyahoga County Department of Development

Agency/Group/Organization Type Other government - County


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Consultation?



Economic Development

Market Analysis

Anti-poverty Strategy







needs of county residents. This agency is the lead entity for the

Cuyahoga Housing Consortium for HOME funds. Consortium

members partner with this agency on economic development

projects.

7 Agency/Group/Organization Cuyahoga County Department of Public Works



Consultation?

Non-Housing Community Development Needs





Cuyahoga Housing Consortium members have program discussions

with this agency on an ongoing basis to address the infrastructure

needs of county communities. Consortium members and this

agency jointly plan and implement infrastructure projects that

positively impact low- and moderate-income areas.

8 Agency/Group/Organization Cuyahoga County Fiscal Office



Consultation?

Market Analysis






with this agency on an ongoing basis related to real estate data for

county communities. Condition of housing data was obtained from

this agency and analyzed as part of this plan.

9 Agency/Group/Organization Cuyahoga County Land Reutilization Corporation


Regional organization


LAKEWOOD 15



Consultation?

Market Analysis






discussions with this agency on an ongoing basis to address

foreclosure and property disposition issues in county communities.

Consortium members and this agency jointly plan and implement

projects that impact low- and moderate-income areas, including

acquisition, sale, demolition, and rehabilitation of buildings.

10 Agency/Group/Organization Cuyahoga County Planning Commission


Planning organization


Consultation?



Public Housing Needs



Market Analysis

Anti-poverty Strategy






discussions with this agency on an ongoing basis related to

planning, community development, and neighborhood revitalization

issues. As a U.S. Census Bureau affiliate, this agency also provides

data, data analysis, and customized products to Consortium

members. This agency served as the consultant to the Consortium

in the preparation of this plan.

11 Agency/Group/Organization CUYAHOGA METROPOLITAN HOUSING AUTHORITY

Agency/Group/Organization Type PHA


Consultation?



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needs of county residents. In addition, on a regular basis this

agency shares countywide program usage information with the

member communities.

12 Agency/Group/Organization Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority

Agency/Group/Organization Type Regional organization


Consultation?


Non-housing community development needs






with this agency on an ongoing basis to address the current public

transit system and needs of county communities, particularly the

impact on low- and moderate-income areas.

13 Agency/Group/Organization Housing Research & Advocacy Center

Agency/Group/Organization Type Service-Fair Housing



Consultation?


Market Analysis

Fair housing





As one two organizations providing fair housing services to the City

of Lakewood, the Department of Planning and Development and

HRAC have policy and program discussions on an ongoing basis to

address housing issues in Lakewood.

14 Agency/Group/Organization LakewoodAlive


nonprofit organization


Consultation?



Market Analysis


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The City of Lakewood and this organization have policy and

program discussions on an ongoing basis to address the housing

needs of Lakewood residents and economic development issues in

Lakewood. The City of Lakewood is a member of the Board of

Trustees

15 Agency/Group/Organization Lakewood Chamber of Commerce

Agency/Group/Organization Type Business Leaders


Consultation?






The City of Lakewood Department of Planning and Development

and the Chamber of Commerce have policy and program

discussions on an ongoing basis to address economic development

issues in Lakewood. The City of Lakewood is a member of the

organization.

16 Agency/Group/Organization Lakewood Community Services Center


Services - Housing

Services-Children





Services-homeless

Services-Health

Services - Victims



Consultation?

Homelessness Strategy

Homeless Needs - Families with children

Homelessness Needs - Veterans


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The City of Lakewood and this organization have policy and

program discussions on an ongoing basis to address the needs of

Lakewood residents who are at-risk of homelessness or become

homeless. In addition, this organization is part of the

Cleveland/Cuyahoga Continuum of Care.

17 Agency/Group/Organization North Coast Health

Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Children




Services-Health

Health Agency



Consultation?






The City of Lakewood Department of Planning and Development

and this organization have policy and program discussions on an

ongoing basis to address the health care issues of low-income

uninsured and under-insured Lakewood residents.

18 Agency/Group/Organization Northeast Ohio Areawide Coordinating Agency




Consultation?








infrastructure and transit needs of county communities.

Consortium members and this agency jointly plan and implement

infrastructure projects that positively impact low- and moderate-

income areas. All five Consortium jurisdictions have seats on the

NOACA Board of Directors.


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19 Agency/Group/Organization Northeast Ohio First Suburbs Consortium





Consultation?


Market Analysis





The eighteen community members of this Council of Governments

work to maintain and revitalize their mature, developed

communities and raise public and political awareness of the

problem and inequities associated with urban sprawl and urban

disinvestment. Cuyahoga County has policy and program

discussions with this organization on an ongoing basis to address

housing and other community needs. The four suburban members

of the Cuyahoga Housing Consortium (Cleveland Heights, Euclid,

Lakewood, and Parma) are members of the organization.

20 Agency/Group/Organization Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District



Consultation?







discussions with this agency on an ongoing basis to address sewer

infrastructure needs of county communities. Consortium members

and this agency jointly plan and implement infrastructure projects

that positively impact low- and moderate-income areas. Note:

Euclid and Lakewood manage their own sewer infrastructure.

21 Agency/Group/Organization Parma Public Housing Agency

Agency/Group/Organization Type PHA


Consultation?



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needs of county residents. In addition, this agency makes

available countywide program usage information.

Other local/regional/state/federal planning efforts considered when preparing the Plan Name of

Plan

Lead Organization How do the goals of your Strategic Plan overlap with the goals of each plan?

Continuum

of Care

Cleveland/Cuyahoga

County Continuum

of Care

The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan goals support the goals of the Continuum of Care (CoC).

The Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Office of Homeless Services (OHS) serves all 59 communities

in Cuyahoga County and coordinates the CoC, an extensive network of public, private, and non-

profit agencies that facilitate and/or provide, either directly or indirectly, assisted housing,

health services, and/or social services to persons in Cuyahoga County who are chronically

homeless, homeless, or are at-risk of homelessness. Blue Print for

Changehttp://development.cuyahogacounty.us/pdf_development/en-US/Appendix-

A%202009HPRPBLue%20Print.pdf

Economic

Development

Plan

Cuyahoga County This plan, updated annually by Cuyahoga County government, focuses on the areas of

innovation, investment, collaboration, and education as themes for County economic

development decisions. Although primarily intended to be implemented with funds other than

dollars provided by HUD, the Plan emphasizes that investments should create high-quality,

well-connected places, ensure access to and preparation for jobs and careers, and accelerate

business growth. The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan goals, using HUD funds, reinforce these

investment objectives of the Cuyahoga County Economic Development Plan.

http://development.cuyahogacounty.us/en-US/EDCPlan-ExeSummary-053111.aspx

Rebuilding

as One: A

Common

Sense

Approach to

Hous

Northeast Ohio First

Suburbs Consortium

This 2013 report outlines issues and strategies to address housing issues, particularly in the

Cuyahoga County suburbs that geographically form the first ring of development beyond

Cleveland. Building on the Cuyahoga County Economic Development Plan goal of creating

high-quality, well-connected places that provide our residents with great communities to live,

work, and play, the report emphasizes strategies focusing on the four policy areas of

preserving older housing stock, reducing vacancy and blight, tax base strengthening, and

promoting stability. The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan goals focus significant housing funds

on investment in existing housing through rehabilitation and homebuyer programs plus code

enforcement, which reinforce the strategies of the Rebuilding as One report.

http://www.organizeohio.org/uploads/2/8/7/7/2877533/fsc_county_housing_policy_agenda.pdf


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Name of

Plan

Lead Organization How do the goals of your Strategic Plan overlap with the goals of each plan?

Vibrant NEO

2040

Northeast Ohio

Sustainable

Communities

Consortium

Initiative

Funded by a HUD/USDOT/USEPA Partnership for Sustainable Communities Initiative grant, this

twelve county regional project guided by 33 organizations developed a vision for the future of

Northeast Ohio. The eight objectives include promoting investment in established

communities, developing the regional economy with accessible employment opportunities, and

enhancing the regional transportation network. The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan goals

focus on investing funds in housing, businesses, and infrastructure in developed

neighborhoods, commercial districts, and industrial areas, which reinforce the goals of Vibrant

NEO 2040. http://vibrantneo.org

Western

Reserve Plan

Cuyahoga County This 2012 document approved by Cuyahoga County government is a framework for addressing

the issue of consolidating and improving service delivery among the many communities in the

county. The plan contains 12 key areas including incorporating economic inclusion as a guiding

principle in economic development strategies, adopting collaborative approach to the

foreclosure crisis and its aftermath, and aligning and coordinating public and private resources

to address human service needs. The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan goals focus on investing

funds in economic opportunities, housing programs, and public services for low-and moderate-

income individuals and families, which reinforce the goals of the Western Reserve Plan.

http://www.westernreserveplan.org

Table 3 – Other local / regional / federal planning efforts


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Describe cooperation and coordination with other public entities,

including the State and any adjacent units of general local government, in the implementation of the Consolidated Plan

(91.215(l))

The strategy of joint projects is undertaken to ensure an issue is comprehensively

addressed within Cuyahoga County, regardless of political boundaries and geographic location. Examples include:

Cuyahoga County government, on behalf of the 51 members of the Cuyahoga

County Urban County, entered into agreements with the Cities of Cleveland Heights,

Euclid, Lakewood, and Parma to jointly participate in HOME Investment Partnerships

Program funding. The joint funding process creating the Cuyahoga Housing

Consortium began in FY93 and better coordinates the delivery of housing programs

(rehabilitation and homebuyer programs) by CDBG entitlement communities. The

Consortium also coordinates on other issues including obtaining federal lead

remediation grants.

All seven communities in Cuyahoga County that receive CDBG entitlement funding

(Cuyahoga County on behalf of 51 Urban County member suburbs, Cleveland,

Cleveland Heights, East Cleveland, Euclid, Lakewood, and Parma) have jointly

participated in ongoing coordinated Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice

studies and updates. From 2011-2013, all seven Cuyahoga County entitlements

participated in a broader, twelve-county, regional fair housing equity study carried

out under a HUD Sustainable Communities grant. The regional study, completed in

2013 and extended to add specific local impediments in 2014, was recognized in

2012 by HUD’s Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity as an appropriate

method to update each jurisdiction’s existing Analysis of Impediments.

The City of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County, through the Cleveland/Cuyahoga

County Office of Homeless Services, coordinate homeless prevention and homeless

recovery funding and programming countywide. This collaboration includes

development of a single countywide homeless prevention strategy, implemented by a

single Continuum of Care process that brings Shelter Plus Care and Supportive

Housing program funding into the county. Likewise, Emergency Shelter Grant and

stimulus-era Homeless Prevention and Rapid Rehousing funds were and are

managed on a countywide basis. Homeless prevention and recovery activities are

available countywide; they benefit Consortium jurisdiction residents when the need

arises.

Cuyahoga County, the City of Cleveland, the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing

Authority and the Cuyahoga County Land Reutilization Corporation (Land Bank) have

substantially completed work under a Neighborhood Stabilization Program 2 funding

award from HUD. This funding had a significant positive impact by reducing the

number of vacant housing units, converting vacant and foreclosed homes and

apartment buildings to decent, safe, affordable housing, and maintaining support for

a strong vacant property prevention and mitigation system throughout Cuyahoga

County.


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The Cuyahoga County Department of Development regularly coordinates specific

economic development projects that involve a business and host community, along

with partners such as the Cleveland-Cuyahoga County Port Authority and the State

of Ohio. Also, local communities within Cuyahoga County, including the Cuyahoga

County Urban County, prepare joint funding applications and work cooperatively on

projects with the State of Ohio.

The Cuyahoga County Department of Development, website, training sessions, and

community meetings are all used as vehicles to communicate and interact with

Urban County communities as well as interested members of the public. The other

Consortium jurisdictions utilize similar outreach strategies.


LAKEWOOD 24


PR-15 Citizen Participation - 91.401, 91.105, 91.200(c)

1. Summary of citizen participation process/Efforts made to broaden citizen participation

Summarize citizen participation process and how it impacted goal-setting

The five Consortium jurisdictions take actions to encourage citizen participation. For

example, jurisdictions conduct outreach on a communitywide basis through various media,

such as community based newspapers and newsletters, electronic newsletters, mailings,

websites, and public access cable channels. Outreach is also expanded through members of

citizen advisory committees or special interest groups, as well as program subrecipients.

Outreach is also conducted at community facilities, such as posting notices at recreation

centers, senior centers, libraries, and municipal buildings. These actions increase

opportunities for residents throughout a community to participate in the process, including low-moderate-income residents, minorities, and residents in HUD-assisted housing.

Consortium jurisdictions also undertake the following types of actions to encourage citizen

involvement:

Translation services for non-English speaking residents.

Meeting locations and office space housing Consortium jurisdiction staffs are

accessible to persons with disabilities.

Meetings, hearings and other public activities are scheduled at convenient times and

locations to increase attendance.

Reasonable and timely access is provided to information and records relating to the

Consolidated Plan and use of HUD funding.

Each Consortium jurisdiction has a Citizen Participation Plan, available on request.

The Cuyahoga County Department of Development, as the lead administrative entity for the

Cuyahoga Housing Consortium, was responsible for overseeing the development of this

Five-Year Consolidated Plan, with assistance from the Cuyahoga County Planning

Commission.

Table 4 shows the public comment process undertaken by Lakewood. The two public

meetings were publicized in a newspaper of general circulation within the community.

Citizens were invited to provide comments via telephone, mail, or email. During the 30-day

public comment period, copies of the Five-Year Consolidated Plan document were available

in public places, such as government offices and libraries. If the capacity existed,

jurisdictions also posted the document on their City website and provided a link for comment submission.

All public meetings were held on weekday evenings or weekdays during the day. All

jurisdictions linked the public meetings for the Five-Year Consolidated Plan and the FY 2015

Annual Plan, which provided continuity for discussing both short-term and long-term

timeframes. Also, jurisdictions with a Citizen Advisory Committee (CAC) coupled the public

meetings for the Five-Year Consolidated Plan to the public meetings of their CAC, which


LAKEWOOD 25


were in the process of receiving presentations from organizations and making funding recommendations for the FY 2015 Annual Plan.

All public meetings were held at well-known, ADA-accessible local facilities. At each public

meeting, the Five-Year Consolidated Plan was listed and discussed as a separate agenda

item. Discussions included ackground information, data, and priorities. Time was allotted for audience questions.

The staffs of Consortium jurisdictions provide technical assistance to groups developing

proposals for funding assistance under the Consolidated Plan. Offers of technical assistance

are included as part of application materials, published notices, and/or made verbally during

group meetings. Staffs also provide contact information on their websites. Technical

assistance, on a one-on-one basis, often includes explanations concerning programs, potential projects, application procedures, or application content.

Citizen Participation Outreach Sort

Order Mode of Outreach

Target of Outreach

Summary of response/attendance

Summary of comments

received

Summary of comments not accepted and reasons

1 Newspaper Ad

Non-targeted/ broad community

The City published public notices in the Sun-Post Herald on July 24, 2014 and August 21, 2014 describing the Consolidated Plan and proposed Annual Action Plan, listing the public hearing dates of July 30 and August 27, 2014, and inviting citizen review and comment.

N/A N/A

2 Public Hearing


FY 2015-19 Five-Year Consolidated Plan and FY 2015 Annual Action Plan, July 30, 2014, Lakewood City Hall, 6:30 PM

No comments were received at the public meeting

N/A

3 Public Hearing


FY 2015-19 Five-Year Consolidated Plan and FY 2015 Annual Action Plan, August 27, 2014, Lakewood City Hall, 6:30 PM

No comments were received at the public meeting

N/A

4 Newspaper Ad


The City published a public notice in the Sun-Post Herald on Thursday, October 9, 2014, describing the Consolidated Plan and proposed Annual Action Plan, announcing the start of the 30-day comment period, inviting citizen review and comment, and announcing the October 27, 2014 public hearing.

N/A N/A

Table 4 – Citizen Participation Outreach


LAKEWOOD 26


Needs Assessment

NA-05 Overview

Needs Assessment Overview

Lakewood, Ohio, a community of 24,615 households and 52,329 persons (2007-11

American Community Survey), is located in northwestern Cuyahoga County. According to

data from HUD mandated tables, since 2000 the City has lost about 8% of both its

population and its households (Table NA-1). While the median income ($43,139) has

increased since 2000, (2007-11 CHAS), 45% of all households have incomes 80% or less of

the HAMFI (Table NA-2). The 2007-11 ACS showed that while poverty citywide was 15%, it varied by Census Tract (Map-Poverty Rate).

The percentages of all households whose incomes were 80% or less of the HAMFI varied

depending on household type (Table NA-2). Of the 8,395 small family households, 35%

(2,900 households) had incomes that were 80% or less. Of the 5,385 household containing

at least one elderly person 62 years or older, almost 60% (3,215 households) had incomes

that were 80% or less. Of the 1,165 large family households, about 34% (400 households)

had incomes that were 80% or less. Of the 2,681 households with one or more children six years or younger, almost 50% (1,337 households) had incomes that were 80% or less.

Housing affordability is one of the most prevalent housing problems in Lakewood. Median

rent, at $584 and median housing value, at $138,500, while similar to the county medians,

still pose a financial burden for households with lower incomes. Cost burden (spending more

than 30% of income for housing) and severe cost burden (spending more than 50% of

income for housing) is illustrated in Table NA-3. As shown, 3,800 households (2,725

renters and 1,075 owners) had a cost burden of >30% and 4,190 households (3,190

renters and 1,000 owners) had a cost burden of >50%. Of the households with a cost

burden of >30%, 3,300 households (2,570 renters and 730 owners) had incomes that were

80% or less of the HAMFI. Of the households with a cost burden of >50%, 4,145

households (3,190 renters and 955 owners) had incomes that were 80% or less. Small

family households, the elderly, and other households with incomes that were 80% or less of the HAMFI experienced the greatest burden.

Table NA-7 shows that very few households experienced overcrowding, but of the 162

households who did, 139 were renters and 23 were owners. Most of the renters (129

households) and all of the owners (23 households) who experienced overcrowding had incomes that were 80% or less of the HAMFI. Most were single family households.

Substandard housing, where the unit lacked complete plumbing or kitchen facilities, was

also uncommon. When it did occur, it affected both renters (230 households) and owners

(45 households) (Table NA-3). Investment in the housing stock however, is still needed.

The main period of housing construction in Lakewood was pre-1950, and almost 72% of the

housing units were built during this time period. These units are now 65 years old or over,

and may require systems replacement and a significant rehabilitation investment.

Disproportionate need by minority racial or ethnic group in terms of substandard units,

overcrowding, or cost burden at any income level were not issues in Lakewood.

For very low-income families, the elderly, and the disabled living in Lakewood, public

housing, whether it is subsidized units or Housing Choice Vouchers (HCV), provides an


LAKEWOOD 27


affordable housing choice. No rental units that are used by holders of HCVs within Lakewood

are expected to be lost due to events such as demolition or conversion to homeownership.

Lakewood will continue to work in concert with, and support the priorities of the

Cleveland/Cuyahoga Continuum of Care (CoC). Lakewood Christian Service Center, the city’s Emergency Services Grant (ESG) recipient, is a member of the CoC.

Poverty Rate


LAKEWOOD 28



LAKEWOOD 29


Housing Cost Burden

NA-05 Tables NA-1 through NA-2


LAKEWOOD 30


NA-05 Tables NA-3


LAKEWOOD 31




LAKEWOOD 32




LAKEWOOD 33


NA-40 Homeless Needs Assessment - 91.405, 91.205 (c)

Introduction:

According to the National Alliance to End Homelessness (NAEH), “homelessness is one of

our nation’s most misunderstood and vexing social problems.” It is also an issue that cuts

across race, age, gender, marital status, family composition, and geography, causing

“families with children, single adults, teenagers, and elderly individuals…to struggle with

[its] devastating effects.” While an individual’s reasons for homelessness may be varied and

complex, the National Alliance to End Homelessness stated that “research shows people are

homeless [mainly] because they can’t find housing they can afford.”

Specific data are not available on the nature and extent of homelessness in Lakewood: by

types of households; by the "number of persons becoming and exiting homelessness each

year" and the "number of days that persons experience homelessness"; by race and

Hispanic/Latino origin; by number and type of families in need of assistance (families with

children and the families of veterans); or for unsheltered and sheltered homeless. Please

refer to the corresponding section in the Cuyahoga Housing Consortium Consolidated Plan

for a discussion of homelessness by these types of households in Cuyahoga County as a

whole.

LCSC does, however, indicate numbers of people/households served by the programs they offered:

Since January 2012, LCSC has offered Breathing Room, Emergency Shelter Services, a

rent-free, furnished and equipped 2-bedroom apartment, which is available for up to 30

days to Lakewood residents who have become homeless. In 2012, Breathing Room provided

temporary housing to 27 individuals. Services increased in 2013 to 45 individuals (15 adults

and 30 children). There were 13 individuals (6 adults and 7 children) served by YTD June 2014.

LCSC uses ESG Homeless Prevention funds to assist clients with their housing search and

placement, case management services, and financial assistance for rent and/or utilities to

extremely low income households at-risk of homelessness. YTD June 2014, of the 211

Lakewood individuals who applied for ESG homeless assistance, 148 (70%) met the eligibility guidelines and received assistance.

LCSC provides case management services, which can range from a 1-time referral to

ongoing services for mental health, chemical dependency, housing, employment, welfare,

domestic violence or some combination of these barriers to stability. Case management

services were received by 956 unduplicated LCSC clients (15.8%) in 2013 and 1,600

unduplicated LCSC clients (35.2%) by June 2014. In response to an ever-increasing number

of clients who present with more complex barriers to stability, LCSC formed a strategic

alliance with Murtis Taylor Human Services System in March 2013 to locate mental health

professionals at the LCSC site. The program now provides free mental health services to 35 LCSC clients who had no access to this assistance in the past.

Through their ongoing relationships, LCSC social workers are able to identify those clients

who are able and willing to participate in the jobs program. LCSC recently partnered with


LAKEWOOD 34


Towards Employment to establish the Networks Job Resource Center. In just three and a

half months, 41 LCSC job-seeking clients were referred to the on-site Center, and 5

individuals have successfully gained employment.

Monthly, LCSC provides emergency food at the Center’s food pantry to 2,200–2,500

individuals who meet the Ohio Department of Jobs and Family Services income qualifications

(200% of the Federal Poverty Standard or lower). YTD June 2014, there were 6,199

unduplicated individuals served, a 6.5% increase over YTD June 2013.Because qualified

individuals can receive a 3-day supply of emergency food every 30 days, these 6,199 individuals accounted for 28,058 service events during calendar 2013.

Homeless Needs Assessment

Population Estimate the # of persons experiencing homelessness

on a given night

Estimate the # experiencing

homelessness each year

Estimate the #

becoming homeless each year

Estimate the # exiting

homelessness each year

Estimate the # of days persons

experience homelessness

Sheltered Unsheltered

Persons in Households with Adult(s) and Child(ren)

Persons in Households with Only Children

Persons in Households with Only Adults

Chronically Homeless Individuals

Chronically Homeless Families

Veterans

Unaccompanied Child

Persons with HIV

Table 5 - Homeless Needs Assessment


LAKEWOOD 35


If data is not available for the categories "number of persons

becoming and exiting homelessness each year," and "number of days that persons experience homelessness," describe these

categories for each homeless population type (including chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans

and their families, and unaccompanied youth):

Specific data are not available on the nature and extent of homelessness in Lakewood by

types of households. Please refer to the corresponding section in the Cuyahoga Housing

Consortium Consolidated Plan for a discussion of homelessness by types of households in

Cuyahoga County as a whole.

Specific data are not available on the nature and extent of homelessness in Lakewood for

the categories "number of persons becoming and exiting homelessness each year," and

"number of days that persons experience homelessness," by population type. Please refer to

the corresponding section in the Cuyahoga Housing Consortium Consolidated Plan for a

discussion of homelessness for the categories "number of persons becoming and exiting

homelessness each year," and "number of days that persons experience homelessness," by population type in Cuyahoga County as a whole.

Nature and Extent of Homelessness: (Optional)

Race: Sheltered: Unsheltered (optional)

White

Black or African American

Asian

American Indian or Alaska

Native

Pacific Islander

Ethnicity: Sheltered: Unsheltered (optional)

Hispanic

Not Hispanic


LAKEWOOD 36


Estimate the number and type of families in need of housing

assistance for families with children and the families of veterans.

In Cuyahoga County, the extensive network of public, private, and non-profit agencies that

comprise the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care (CoC) work in concert to meet

the needs of homeless persons, actively promoting an approach that focuses on preventing

and ending homelessness and rapidly returning people who have become homeless to

housing. Particular emphasis is placed on assisting chronically homeless individuals and

families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth

(under 18). The CoC utilizes ServicePoint, the Homeless Management Information System

(HMIS) developed to tabulate client demographic and outcome data for all agencies that comprise the CoC.

Specific data are not available on the nature and extent of homelessness by race and

Hispanic/Latino origin in Lakewood. Please refer to the corresponding section in the

Cuyahoga Housing Consortium Consolidated Plan for a discussion of homelessness by race and Hispanic/Latino origin in Cuyahoga County as a whole.

While numbers are not available, it is evident that LCSC serves at least two ethnic groups.

Their application to the City of Lakewood for ESG funding states “LCSC works closely with

Catholic Charities’ Migration and Refugee Services to provide translation services when

needed. Client Grievance and Confidentiality written policies are available in Spanish and Arabic.”

Specific data are not available on the nature and extent of homelessness by number and

type of families in need of assistance for families with children and the families of veterans

in Lakewood. Please refer to the corresponding section in the Cuyahoga Housing Consortium

Consolidated Plan for a discussion of homelessness by number and type of families in need

of assistance for families with children and the families of veterans in Cuyahoga County as a whole.

Describe the Nature and Extent of Homelessness by Racial and

Ethnic Group Specific data are not available on the nature and extent of homelessness by race and

Hispanic/Latino origin in Lakewood. Please refer to the corresponding section in the

Cuyahoga Housing Consortium Consolidated Plan for a discussion of homelessness by race

and Hispanic/Latino origin in Cuyahoga County as a whole.

Describe the Nature and Extent of Unsheltered and Sheltered

Homelessness. Specific data are not available on the nature and extent of homelessness for unsheltered

and sheltered homeless in Lakewood. Please refer to the corresponding section in the

Cuyahoga Housing Consortium Consolidated Plan for a discussion of homelessness for

unsheltered and sheltered homeless in Cuyahoga County as a whole.


LAKEWOOD 37


NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs - 91.415, 91.215 (f)

Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Facilities:

The quality of public facilities is directly correlated with the economic prosperity, health,

safety, and livability of a city’s neighborhoods and commercial districts. Lakewood’s public

facilities needs are varied and extensive, and have historically exceeded available resources.

The city strives to maintain safe, functional, and healthy neighborhoods by providing high quality, dependable facilities, especially in low- and moderate-income areas.

Public facilities improvements enhance enhance quality of life, arrest blight, and increase

safety in low-moderate income neighborhoods. Consistently maintaining and continuously

increasing the quality, variety, safety, accessibility, and availability of public parks and

recreational facilities that adequately serve the needs of low-moderate income people is a high priority need in Lakewood.

Public facilities projects are planned and implemented by Lakewood’s Department of Public

Works; coordinated, to the greatest extent feasible, to realize economies of scale, and

minimize resident inconvenience; and completed as funding allows.

Projects to be funded during the consolidated planning period will include, but not

necessarily be limited to, Park Improvements, Recreation Facilities, and Other Public Facility Needs in Lakewood’s designated low-mod and slum blight areas.

How were these needs determined?

Public facilities needs are determined and prioritized utilizing data gathered and analyzed

during development of the city’s Consolidated Plan and its annually updated 5-year Capital

Improvements Plan; through periodic audits conducted by city staff and outside consultants; and through consultation with a broad array of stakeholders including:

Resident comments received via public meetings/hearings and through Lakewood’s

ongoing Community Vision citizen engagement process;

Lakewood’s Department of Public Works which continuously monitors and assesses

the city’s public facilities according to their condition, public safety, accessibility,

usage rates, demand, population served, location, and equity;

Input from elected officials.

CDBG-assisted public facilities projects are reviewed by a registered professional engineer

or architect who issues a report sufficient in scope to analyze the need, determine the most

appropriate solution alternatives, provide estimated construction and non-construction costs, and recommend the required funding level of funding.

Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Improvements:

The quality of public infrastructure is directly correlated with the economic prosperity,

health, safety, and livability of a city’s neighborhoods and commercial districts. Lakewood’s

public infrastructure needs are varied and extensive, and have historically exceeded

available resources. The city strives to maintain safe, functional, and healthy neighborhoods


LAKEWOOD 38


by providing high quality, dependable infrastructure, especially in low- and moderate-income areas.

Public infrastructure improvements enhance quality of life, arrest blight, and increase safety

in low-moderate income neighborhoods. Consistently maintaining and continuously

increasing the quality, variety, safety, accessibility, and availability of roadways, water lines,

and sidewalks that adequately serve the needs of low-moderate income people is a high priority need in Lakewood.

Among the Cleveland region’s oldest communities, Lakewood’s designated low-moderate

income and slum blight areas are served by aging, dilapidated water, storm and sanitary sewer mains; road systems; and sidewalks in critical need of repair or replacement.

Many of Lakewood’s roadways are in dire need of resurfacing or replacement. Such projects

provide enduring safety, accessibility and beautification benefits. Moreover, many of the

city’s water mains are also in dire need of repair or replacement. Original, primarily cast

iron water lines, many over a century old, are prone to leakage and/or rupture; require

frequent, expensive maintenance; cause service disruptions; can introduce harmful bacteria into the water supply; and cannot provide sufficient fire protection for city residents.

Public infrastructure projects are planned and implemented by Lakewood’s Department of

Public Works; coordinated, to the greatest extent feasible, to realize economies of scale,

and minimize resident inconvenience; and completed as funding allows.

Projects to be funded during the consolidated planning period will include, but not

necessarily be limited to, Park Improvements, Recreation Facilities, and Other Public Facility Needs in Lakewood’s designated low-mod and slum blight areas.


Public improvements needs are determined and prioritized utilizing data gathered and

analyzed during development of the city’s Consolidated Plan and annually updated 5-year

Capital Improvements Plan; through periodic audits conducted by city staff and outside consultants; and through consultation with a broad array of stakeholders including:



Lakewood’s Department of Public Works which continuously monitors and assesses

the city’s public infrastructure according to its condition, public safety, accessibility,

usage rates, demand, population served, location, and equity.


CDBG-assisted public improvements projects are reviewed by a registered professional

engineer or architect who issues a report sufficient in scope to analyze the need, determine

the most appropriate solution alternatives, provide estimated construction and non-

construction costs, and recommend the required funding level. Street resurfacing projects

prioritized based on a visual inspection of pavement distress and a composite score generated by the Ohio Department of Transportation’s Pavement Condition Rating System.


LAKEWOOD 39


Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Services:

Lakewood strives to maintain safe, functional, and healthy citizens and neighborhoods by

providing high quality, dependable services. Public services activities are planned and

administered by Lakewood’s Department of Human Services and several external not-for-profit agencies.

The provision of excellent public services, particularly for the city’s most vulnerable

residents (low-moderate income households, special needs populations, persons at or below

the poverty level, those at risk of homelessness, the un- and under-employed, people with

physically challenges, seniors, persons lacking access to health care, victims of domestic

violence) who depend disproportionately on these programs, is a High Priority need in Lakewood.

The city’s public services needs are varied and extensive, and have historically exceeded

available resources. In recent years, struggling local and national economies and increased

unemployment have intensified the need for these services. As such, Lakewood will continue

to allocate the maximum allowable 15% of its annual CDBG funding to essential Public Services during the five-year consolidated planning period.

Public Services that will receive CDBG assistance during the five year consolidated planning

period will include, but not necessarily be limited to, Senior Case Management, Youth

Services, Child Care Scholarship Assistance, Employment Training, Healthcare, and Other

Public Services including Housing Outreach, Food Pantry, Case Management for LMI Persons, and Victim Advocacy).


Public services needs are determined and prioritized utilizing Census and other demographic

data gathered and analyzed during development of the city’s Consolidated Plan; through consultation with a broad array of stakeholders including:



Lakewood’s Department of Human Services (one of the few remaining independent

municipal departments of its kind in the region);

CDBG Public Services and ESG sub-recipients and other social service agencies;

The Cleveland-Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care;



LAKEWOOD 40


Housing Market Analysis

MA-05 Overview

Housing Market Analysis Overview:

Lakewood, a built-out first ring suburb of Cleveland, saw most of its housing construction

occur pre-1950. The 2007-11 ACS data showed 27,808 housing units in Lakewood, a 2%

decrease since 2000. Of these units, almost 89% (24,615 units) were occupied and 11%

(3,193 units) were vacant (Map-Vacancy Rate). Of the occupied housing units, about

42% (10,397 units) were owner occupied, while 58% (14,218 units) were renter-occupied.

Owner and renter occupancy varied by Census Tract (Maps-Percent Owner- and Renter-Occupied Housing Units).

Table MA-1 showed that about 39% of all units (10,695 units) in Lakewood were single-

family (detached or attached) housing units, 25% (7,077 units) were 2-4 units, 12% (3,367

units) were 5-19 units, and 24% (6,625 units) were structures with 20 or more units. As

shown on Maps-Percent Structures with 5-19 and 20 or More Housing Units, percentages of structures with a large number of units varied by Census Tract.

Unit size (number of bedrooms) showed considerable variation by tenure. Larger units were

more common among owners, with 80% of all units (8,294 units) having 3 or more

bedrooms (Table MA-2). Only 17% of all owner units had 2 bedrooms (1,719 units), and

3% had 1 bedroom (342 units). Only 42 units had zero bedrooms. Conversely, only 14% of

all renter-occupied units had 3 or more bedrooms (2,008 units), 41% had 2 bedrooms

(5,883 units), 38% had 1 bedroom (5,426 units), and 6% had zero bedrooms (901 units).

The number of units with 3 or more bedrooms, regardless of tenure, varied by Census Tract (Maps-Percent Owner and Renter Units with 3 or More Bedrooms).

While very few housing units were considered substandard, the main period of housing

construction in Lakewood was pre-1950, when almost 72% of the housing units were built

(Table MA-8). These units are now at least 65 years old, and may require systems

replacement and a significant rehabilitation investment. Furthermore, of the 23,783 housing

units built before 1980, 119 units were occupied by families with children (Table MA-9).

Because lead wasn’t banned from paint until 1978, these children could be at risk for lead paint poisoning.

Table MA-3 showed that the median home value in Lakewood, $136,500, increased about

16% since 2000. The median contract rent, $589, increased 20%. Changes varied by

Census Tract (Maps Median Home Value, Change in Median Home Value, Median

Contract Rent, and Change in Median Contract Rent). When rent paid is examined by

category, almost 65% of all rents paid were $500-$999 (Table MA-4). Another 30% were less than $500. The remaining 5% were $1,000 or more.

Housing affordability is an issue for many owner and renter households in Lakewood (Table

MA-5). Only 5% (685 rental units) are affordable to renter households at 30% HAMFI

(Map-Percent Renter Units Affordable at 30% HAMFI). About 29% (4,035 rental

units) are affordable to renter households at 50% HAMFI (Map-Percent Renter Units

Affordable at 50% HAMFI). About 66% (9,085 rental units) are affordable to renter

households at 80% HAMFI (Map-Percent Renter Units Affordable at 80% HAMFI). No data is available for renter households at 100% HAMFI.


LAKEWOOD 41


Owner units are even less affordable to low income households. While no data is available

for owner households at 30% HAMFI, about 8% (460 owner units) are affordable to owner

households at 50% HAMFI (Map-Percent Owner Units Affordable at 50% HAMFI).

Approximately 39% (2,360 owner units) are affordable to owner households at 80% HAMFI

(Map-Percent Owner Units Affordable at 80% HAMFI). Only 53% (3,194 owner units)

are affordable to owner households at 100% HAMFI (Map-Percent Owner Units

Affordable at 100% HAMFI).

Vacancy Rate


LAKEWOOD 42


Percent Owner Occupied Housing Units


LAKEWOOD 43


Percent Renter Occupied Housing Units


LAKEWOOD 44


Percent Structures with 5 to 19 Units


LAKEWOOD 45


Percent Structures with 20 or More Units


LAKEWOOD 46


Percent of Owner Units with 3 or More Bedrooms


LAKEWOOD 47


Percent of Renter Units with 3 or More Bedrooms


LAKEWOOD 48


Median Home Value


LAKEWOOD 49


Change in Median Home Value


LAKEWOOD 50


Median Contract Rent


LAKEWOOD 51


Change in Median Rent


LAKEWOOD 52


Percent of Renter Units Affordable to 30% HAMFI


LAKEWOOD 53




LAKEWOOD 54




LAKEWOOD 55


Percent of Owner Units Affordable to 50% HAMFI


LAKEWOOD 56




LAKEWOOD 57




LAKEWOOD 58


MA-05 Tables MA-1 through MA-4


LAKEWOOD 59




LAKEWOOD 60




LAKEWOOD 61


MA-30 Homeless Facilities and Services - 91.410, 91.210(c)

Introduction

In Cuyahoga County, the extensive network of public, private, and non-profit agencies that comprise the Cleveland/Cuyahoga

County Continuum of Care (CoC) work in concert to meet the needs of homeless persons, actively promoting an approach that

focuses on preventing and ending homelessness and rapidly returning people who have become homeless to housing. Particular

emphasis is placed on assisting chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families,

and unaccompanied youth (under 18). The network includes providers of housing and services for the homeless, as well as

governmental departments and area non-profit agencies that provide services and link persons to mainstream benefits, helping

the homeless find, and retain, housing. Housing facilities for the homeless include emergency shelters, transitional housing

programs, safe havens, and permanent supportive housing, as well as public housing and Housing Choice (Section 8) vouchers.

While the CoC provides housing and services to the homeless throughout Cuyahoga County, most of the current housing inventory is physically located in the City of Cleveland.

The Lakewood Community Services Center (formerly known as Lakewood Christian Service Center) was founded in 1982 by

twelve Lakewood churches as a cooperative response to the needs of Lakewood residents. As one of the non-profit agencies

that comprise the CoC, LCSC’s mission, priorities, and activities are aligned with the mission and priorities of the CoC.

Additionally, LCSC partnered with the CoC on its Rapid-Rehousing initiative; utilizes ServicePoint, the Homeless Management

Information System (HMIS) developed to tabulate client demographic and outcome data for all agencies that comprise the CoC;

and supports the Progressive Engagement model favored by HUD and the CoC. The goal of this model is to move families and

individuals out of homelessness within 30 days. Until August 31, 2014, when HUD discontinued funding for supportive services, LCSC received HUD Supportive Housing Program (SHP) funds, which were managed by the CoC.

LCSC is the City’s designated recipient of the FY14 $145,000 Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) to help prevent Lakewood

individuals and families from becoming homeless and address the needs of those who have become homeless. LCSC is the point

of access for Lakewood residents who qualify for the City of Lakewood's ESG funds for one-time rent and/or utility assistance to

prevent homelessness, offers very short term temporary housing in a fully-furnished two bedroom apartment to qualified

Lakewood residents who at are imminent risk of homelessness or who have become homeless, assists the homeless with

securing and maintaining stable housing anywhere in western Cuyahoga County, refers clients to organizations and agencies for

specific additional services, such as health care, mental health and chemical dependency counseling, early childhood and youth

services, educational assistance, and employment services. Additionally, new partnerships have been established between LCSC

and Murtis Taylor Human Services System (to provide behavioral health services at LCSC) and Towards Employment, Inc. (to

provide employment services through Networks Job Resource Center).


LAKEWOOD 62


Facilities Targeted to Homeless Persons Emergency Shelter Beds Transitional

Housing Beds

Permanent Supportive

Housing Beds

Year Round

Beds (Current &

New)

Voucher /

Seasonal /

Overflow Beds

Current &

New

Current &

New

Under

Development

Households with Adult(s) and

Child(ren) 1 unit 0 0 0 0

Households with Only Adults 0 0 0 0 0

Chronically Homeless Households 0 0 0 0 0

Veterans 0 0 0 0 0

Unaccompanied Youth 0 0 0 0 0 Table 6 - Facilities Targeted to Homeless Persons

Describe mainstream services, such as health, mental health, and employment services to the extent those services are use to complement services targeted to homeless persons.

The CoC provides housing and services to the homeless throughout Cuyahoga County, however most of the current housing

inventory is physically located in the City of Cleveland. LCSC’s program, Breathing Room, is one program that provides a rent-

free, furnished and equipped two-bedroom apartment for up to 30 days to Lakewood residents who at are imminent risk of

homelessness or who have become homeless, but have the financial means to secure appropriate housing by the end of their

stay. In addition to providing shelter, LCSC offers these families on-site programs, supportive services, case management,

emergency food, and support for ongoing household stability. Having the ability to remain in their hometown provides an

element of comfort and stability to individuals/households during a period of crisis. Children can continue to attend the same

school, friends and family are close by, and transportation options for work, school, and/or shopping are familiar.

LCSC refers clients to organizations and agencies for specific additional services, such as health care, mental health and

chemical dependency counseling, early childhood and youth services, and educational assistance and employment services.

LCSC and Murtis Taylor Human Services System are collaborating to provide behavioral health services at LCSC. Additionally, LCSC links clients to all available benefits, such as food stamps, WIC, and the Social Security Office.


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List and describe services and facilities that meet the needs of homeless persons, particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth. If the services and facilities are listed on screen SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure or screen MA-35 Special Needs Facilities and Services, describe how these facilities and services specifically address the needs of these populations.

LCSC’s program, Breathing Room, is one program that provides a rent-free, furnished and equipped two-bedroom apartment

for up to 30 days to Lakewood residents Lakewood residents who at are imminent risk of homelessness or who have become

homeless, but have the financial means to secure appropriate housing by the end of their stay. In addition to providing shelter,

LCSC offers these families on-site programs, supportive services, case management, emergency food, and support for ongoing

household stability. Having the ability to remain in their hometown provides an element of comfort and stability to

individuals/households during a period of crisis. Children can continue to attend the same school, friends and family are close

by, and transportation options for work, school, and/or shopping are familiar. Having a 30-day respite from the financial burden of paying rent, utilities, and food has a positive impact on an individual or family who is dealing with a crisis.

In the event that demand for the unit exceeds the availability, LCSC staff work with the client(s) to develop an alternative

temporary housing solution with family or friends, or another non-profit agency that provides housing. Agencies with which

LCSC has a long-standing relationship include, Emerald Network Development Corporation (EDEN), Cuyahoga Metropolitan

Housing Authority, the Veteran’s Administration, Frontline Services, the Centers for Families and Children, Lutheran Metropolitan Ministries, and Catholic Charities.


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MA-45 Non-Housing Community Development Assets - 91.410, 91.210(f)

Introduction

Cuyahoga County is the center of the largest metropolitan area in Ohio. Industrial growth

in the 19th century was stimulated by the Civil War, which increased demand for

machinery, railroad equipment, and ships. Greater Cleveland has long been known as a

durable goods manufacturing area. Following the national trend, however, Cleveland has

been shifting to a more services-based economy. Greater Cleveland is a world corporate

center for leading national and multinational companies in industries including transportation, insurance, retailing, utilities, and commercial banking and finance.

Major Employment Sectors

The City of Lakewood has about 19,700 workers who live in the community and about 9,700

jobs in the city. The largest employment sectors based on share of jobs are Education and

Health Care Services (30%), Arts, Entertainment, and Accommodations (17%), and Retail Trade (14%). These three sectors represent almost 6,000 jobs.

The diversity of Lakewood’s economy is also evident in that the next four largest

employment sectors based on share of jobs – Finance, Insurance, Real Estate; Professional,

Scientific, Management Services; Other Services; and Manufacturing – represent 600 to more than 800 jobs each.

Workforce and Infrastructure Needs of the Business Community

An educated and appropriately trained workforce, along with overall workforce educational

attainment and ongoing training, are all priorities. In Lakewood, these needs particularly

apply to the education, health care, and manufacturing sectors, where technical knowledge

and continually updated training are important.

Multiple interstate freeway interchanges and commercial arterial roads are both important

to the local economy in Lakewood. Roadway investment is an ongoing need for the

industrial and commercial districts. In a fully built-out city such as Lakewood, there is also a need for buildings or sites ready to meet the expansion and relocation plans of companies.

Planned Investments

The primary initiative being implemented during the planning period that promises

significant economic impact is Lakewood’s Madison on the Move (MOM) Streetscape Project.

This comprehensive, multi-year effort will concentrate more than $6,000,000 in local,

regional, public, and private sector investments along three miles of Madison Avenue, one

of Lakewood’s important commercial thoroughfares. MOM will create a more multi-modal,

economically vibrant corridor through road resurfacing, water main replacement,

streetscape enhancements, public facility improvements, upgraded traffic signalization, and strengthened cycling and pedestrian networks.

Workforce Skills and Education

The 2007-2011 ACS data emphasized the correlation of education and employment, along

with the generational change occurring in Lakewood. One-fifth of Lakewood residents age


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65 years and over have educational attainment of less than a high school degree, compared

to 6% of residents age 25-44. In addition, for the most recent twelve month period,

Lakewood residents with a Bachelor’s degree earned 73% more than a person with only a high school degree.

Workforce Training Initiatives

There are a variety of workforce training initiatives and opportunities available for Lakewood

residents and workers that focus on health care and other employment sectors, including

programs at the University of Akron – Lakewood, Cuyahoga Community College and

OhioMeansJobs. Also, the Northeast Ohio Council on Higher Education works with the

business community to align higher education curricula with employer needs. Finally, Team

NEO is a regional organization that focuses on Northeast Ohio business attraction and expansion.

Economic Development Market Analysis

Business Activity Business by Sector Number

of Workers

Number of Jobs

Share of Workers

%

Share of Jobs %

Jobs less workers

%

Agriculture, Mining, Oil & Gas

Extraction 30 0 0 0 0

Arts, Entertainment, Accommodations 2,774 1,630 14 17 3

Construction 608 274 3 3 0

Education and Health Care Services 4,664 2,903 24 30 6

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate 1,739 848 9 9 0

Information 554 145 3 1 -2

Manufacturing 1,958 609 10 6 -4

Other Services 847 653 4 7 3

Professional, Scientific, Management

Services 2,506 782 13 8 -5

Public Administration 0 0 0 0 0

Retail Trade 2,433 1,333 12 14 2

Transportation and Warehousing 613 148 3 2 -1

Wholesale Trade 986 364 5 4 -1

Total 19,712 9,689 -- -- --

Table 7 - Business Activity Data Source:

2007-2011 ACS (Workers), 2011 Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (Jobs)

Labor Force Total Population in the Civilian Labor Force 31,839

Civilian Employed Population 16 years and

over 28,913

Unemployment Rate 9.19

Unemployment Rate for Ages 16-24 31.62

Unemployment Rate for Ages 25-65 6.84

Table 8 - Labor Force Data Source:

2007-2011 ACS


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Occupations by Sector Number of

People

Management, business and

financial 8,351

Farming, fisheries and forestry

occupations 1,127

Service 3,101

Sales and office 7,375

Construction, extraction,

maintenance and repair 1,331

Production, transportation and

material moving 910

Table 9 – Occupations by Sector Data Source:

2007-2011 ACS

Travel Time Travel Time Number Percentage

< 30 Minutes 18,677 68%

30-59 Minutes 7,509 27%

60 or More Minutes 1,369 5% Total 27,555 100%

Table 10 - Travel Time Data Source:

2007-2011 ACS


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Education:

Educational Attainment by Employment Status (Population 16 and Older) Educational Attainment In Labor Force

Civilian

Employed

Unemployed Not in Labor

Force

Less than high school graduate 1,313 186 566

High school graduate (includes

equivalency) 4,696 756 1,593

Some college or Associate's degree 6,757 668 1,409

Bachelor's degree or higher 11,165 501 1,236

Table 11 - Educational Attainment by Employment Status Data Source:

2007-2011 ACS

Educational Attainment by Age Age

18–24

yrs

25–34

yrs

35–44

yrs

45–65

yrs

65+ yrs

Less than 9th grade 50 111 197 264 330

9th to 12th grade, no diploma 909 382 330 781 901

High school graduate, GED, or

alternative 1,586 2,029 1,465 3,551 1,810

Some college, no degree 1,612 2,091 1,729 2,796 1,168

Associate's degree 265 807 519 916 152

Bachelor's degree 1,133 3,833 1,991 2,707 803

Graduate or professional degree 107 1,286 1,202 1,883 581 Table 12 - Educational Attainment by Age

Data Source:

2007-2011 ACS

Educational Attainment – Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months Educational Attainment Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months

Less than high school graduate 15,572

High school graduate (includes

equivalency) 23,310

Some college or Associate's degree 30,485

Bachelor's degree 40,239

Graduate or professional degree 56,171

Table 13 - Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months Data Source:

2007-2011 ACS


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Based on the Business Activity table above, what are the major

employment sectors within your jurisdiction?

The City of Lakewood has about 19,700 workers who live in the community and about 9,700

jobs in the city. The largest employment sectors based on share of jobs are Education and

Health Care Services (30%), Arts, Entertainment, and Accommodations (17%), and Retail

Trade (14%). Even though many Lakewood residents work in other communities, these

three sector still result in a net influx of workers into the community and represent almost 6,000 jobs.

The diversity of Lakewood’s economy is also evident in that the next four largest

employment sectors based on share of jobs still equal 30% of all jobs: Finance, Insurance,

Real Estate (9%), Professional, Scientific, Management Services (8%), Other Services (7%),

and Manufacturing (6%). These four sectors represent between 600 and more than 800 jobs each.

Describe the workforce and infrastructure needs of the business

community:

Workforce Needs

Cuyahoga County’s Economic Development Plan has quoted Federal Reserve Bank of

Cleveland research outlining the importance of education and innovation in the income

growth of a region. Innovation creates jobs and improves productivity, but it requires an

educated and appropriately trained workforce. Improving the overall educational attainment

of the Cuyahoga County workforce, as well as ongoing training for new and veteran workers

is also a priority. In Lakewood, these needs particularly apply to the education, health care,

and manufacturing sectors, where technical knowledge and continually updated training are

important.

Infrastructure Needs

Interstate 90 is situated along the southern boundary of Lakewood, and the roadway

includes four interchanges serving the city. The industrial district of Lakewood is located in

the southeast corner of the community along Berea Road. The city’s two principal

commercial thoroughfares, Detroit Avenue and Madison Avenue, are both oriented in an

east/west direction and run the entire length of the city. Additional commercial areas are located on West 117th Street, as well as portions of Sloane Avenue and Warren Road.

Roadway investment is an ongoing need for the business districts. Well maintained roads

result in less cumulative wear to vehicles of employees, customers, and freight

haulers/delivery firms. In commercial districts, roadway work must be supplemented with

improvements to sidewalks and parking areas, as well as items such as street furniture and plantings, in order to create an inviting shopping area.

The City of Lakewood has an ongoing capital plan for infrastructure investments. Funding

sources include municipal funds, along with the Ohio Public Works Commission annual grant

program.


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Cuyahoga County’s Economic Development Plan has also recognized the need for sites

ready to meet the expansion and relocation plans of companies. Some sites need

environmental remediation, while others are obsolete in terms of modern manufacturing

layout. In response, the County is working to increase funding toward the goal of having more sites ready for development when needed.

Describe any major changes that may have an economic impact,

such as planned local or regional public or private sector investments or initiatives that have affected or may affect job and

business growth opportunities during the planning period. Describe any needs for workforce development, business support or

infrastructure these changes may create.

The primary initiative being implemented during the planning period that promises

significant economic impact is Lakewood’s Madison on the Move (MOM) Streetscape Project.

This comprehensive, multi-year effort will concentrate more than $6,000,000 in local,

regional, public, and private sector investments along three miles of Madison Avenue, one

of Lakewood’s four slum-blight designated Commercial Improvement Target Area boundary roads.

Madison on the Move will create a more multi-modal, economically vibrant corridor through

road resurfacing, water main replacement, streetscape enhancements, public facility

improvements, upgraded traffic signalization, and strengthened cycling and pedestrian

networks. Beyond sorely needed street resurfacing, MOM integrates targeted accessibility

improvements including installation of transit waiting environments in the city’s most transit

dependent neighborhoods as well as pedestrian and cyclist amenities including sharrows,

benches, trash receptacles, and bike racks. Lakewood residents have been actively involved

in the project from its inception through participation in the Mobility Committee of the city’s

Community Vision Master Plan development process and public hearing comments. CDBG-

funded activities critical to MOM’s success include Commercial Property Revitalization, Infrastructure Improvements, and Public Facilities Improvements.

How do the skills and education of the current workforce correspond

to employment opportunities in the jurisdiction?

Workers employed in Lakewood are a combination of persons who also reside in Lakewood

or travel into the city for work. Regardless of a worker’s home community, the workforce issues are similar. The dominant issue is the ongoing need for more education and training.

Tables 5 and 6, which show data from the 2007-11 American Community Survey,

emphasize the correlation of education and employment, along with the generational

change that is occurring in Lakewood. Looking at the ratio of employed to unemployed

persons in the labor force, roughly one out of seven persons with a high school degree or

less were unemployed. The number of unemployed persons dropped to one-in-ten for

persons with some college or Associate’s degree, and one-in twenty-five for persons with a bachelor’s degree or higher.

The attainment of additional education beyond high school is beneficial to the health care

field and many other employers in Lakewood and nearby communities. Generationally,


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21% of Lakewood residents age 65 years and over have educational attainment of less than

a high school degree, compared to 6% of residents age 25-44. Conversely, 54% of

Lakewood residents age 25-44 have an Associate’s, Bachelor’s, or graduate/professional

degree, compared to only 27% of residents age 65 and over. In addition, ACS data also

showed that for the most recent twelve month period, Lakewood residents with a Bachelor’s

degree earned 73% more than a person with only a high school degree ($40,239 vs.

$23,310).

Describe any current workforce training initiatives, including those supported by Workforce Investment Boards, community colleges and

other organizations. Describe how these efforts will support the jurisdiction's Consolidated Plan.

A broad variety of workforce training initiatives and opportunities are available to Lakewood

residents and workers that focus on multiple employment sectors including:

Cuyahoga Community College (CCC): CCCs Workforce and Economic Development

Division focuses on employee training programs and professional development. The Center

of Health Industry Solutions offers 10 programs, multiple information technology programs,

and courses in accounting, finance, business, and teaching/education. CCCs Corporate

College provides professional training and development customized for individual

businesses. Programs are delivered either off-site at the company facility or on-site at one of the Corporate College campuses.

University of Akron – Lakewood: This new branch of the university, located in downtown

Lakewood, offers a variety of courses and programs. UA Lakewood is also a hub for distance

learning courses taught through the main university campus. Lakewood offerings include general education, social work, education, nursing, and business administration.

OhioMeansJobs|Cleveland-Cuyahoga County (OMJ|CC): A collaborative workforce

system of the City of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County that assists both employers and job

seekers. The Area 3 Workforce Investment Board (WIB) serves as the advisory body for the

City of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County Departments of Workforce Development. The

system uses a demand-based model driven by employer needs. Both on-the-job training

and new hire programs exist. The Workforce Investment Act (WIA) Certified Training

Providers includes healthcare training.

Northeast Ohio Council on Higher Education (NOCHE): NOCHE's 16-county coverage

area encompasses about 30 higher education institutions with more than 226,000 degree-

seeking students and grant more than 35,000 certificates and degrees annually. NOCHE

focuses on talent development programs linking the higher education and business

communities to enhance college access and completion; address workforce needs; and

promote and facilitate experiential learning, which connects classroom learning with

professional practice for students and improves recruitment and retention efforts for

employers.

Team NEO: A regional, private-sector organization that focuses on business attraction and

expansion into 18 Northeast Ohio counties. Team NEO emphasizes the strong regional

history of innovation and traditional manufacturing has evolved into advanced

manufacturing and focuses on the following key industries in the Cleveland region:


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aerospace and aviation, automotive, biomedical/medical devices, food processing,

headquarters and professional services, instruments/controls and electronics, information

technology, metal production and fabrication, oil and gas, and polymers and materials.

Goodwill Industries of Greater Cleveland and East Central Ohio: Provides a

comprehensive set of services designed to improve employment skills including: vocational

evaluation, career counseling, work-related skills training, jobs search, and the Center for Entrepreneurial Success.

Employment Services Program: Administered by Lakewood Community Services Center

(LCSC), this CDBG-funded program provides direct, intensive employment services for low-

moderate income individuals already participating in LCSCs food and housing programs.

Clients undergo a thorough assessment to identify strengths, abilities, experiences,

challenges and barriers; work closely with an Employment Specialist to create and

implement an Individualized Employment Plan; and participate in a Job Club that focuses on job readiness, search and interviewing skills; networking; and resume writing.

Does your jurisdiction participate in a Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy (CEDS)?

No

If so, what economic development initiatives are you undertaking that may be coordinated with the Consolidated Plan? If not, describe

other local/regional plans or initiatives that impact economic growth.

Other local/regional plans or initiatives that impact economic growth:

Economic Development Plan - Cuyahoga County

This plan, updated annually by Cuyahoga County government, focuses on the areas of

innovation, investment, collaboration, and education as themes for County economic

development decisions. Although primarily intended to be implemented with funds other

than dollars provided by HUD, the Plan emphasizes that investments should create high-

quality, well-connected places, ensure access to and preparation for jobs and careers, and

accelerate business growth. The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan goals, using HUD funds,

reinforce these investment objectives of the Cuyahoga County Economic Development Plan. http://development.cuyahogacounty.us/en-US/EDCPlan-ExeSummary-053111.aspx

Rebuilding as One: A Common Sense Approach to Housing In Cuyahoga County - Northeast Ohio First Suburbs Consortium

This 2013 report outlines issues and strategies to address housing issues, particularly in the

Cuyahoga County suburbs that geographically form the first ring of development beyond

Cleveland. Building on the Cuyahoga County Economic Development Plan goal of creating

high-quality, well-connected places that provide our residents with great communities to


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live, work, and play, the report emphasizes strategies focusing on the four policy areas of

preserving older housing stock, reducing vacancy and blight, tax base strengthening, and

promoting stability. The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan goals focus significant housing

funds on investment in existing housing through rehabilitation and homebuyer programs

plus code enforcement, which reinforce the strategies of the Rebuilding as One report.

http://www.organizeohio.org/uploads/2/8/7/7/2877533/fsc_county_housing_policy_agenda

.pdf

Vibrant NEO 2040 - Northeast Ohio Sustainable Communities Consortium Initiative

Funded by a HUD/USDOT/USEPA Partnership for Sustainable Communities Initiative grant,

this twelve county regional project guided by 33 organizations developed a vision for the

future of Northeast Ohio. The eight objectives include promoting investment in established

communities, developing the regional economy with accessible employment opportunities,

and enhancing the regional transportation network. The Consolidated Plan Strategic Plan

goals focus on investing funds in housing, businesses, and infrastructure in developed

neighborhoods, commercial districts, and industrial areas, which reinforce the goals of Vibrant NEO 2040. http://vibrantneo.org

Western Reserve Plan - Cuyahoga County

This 2012 document approved by Cuyahoga County government is a framework for

addressing the issue of consolidating and improving service delivery among the many

communities in the county. The plan contains 12 key areas including incorporating

economic inclusion as a guiding principle in economic development strategies, adopting

collaborative approach to the foreclosure crisis and its aftermath, and aligning and

coordinating public and private resources to address human service needs. The Consolidated

Plan Strategic Plan goals focus on investing funds in economic opportunities, housing

programs, and public services for low-and moderate-income individuals and families, which

reinforce the goals of the Western Reserve Plan. http://www.westernreserveplan.org


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MA-50 Needs and Market Analysis Discussion

Are there areas where households with multiple housing problems are concentrated? (include a definition of "concentration")

HUD defines “housing problems” as one or more of the following:

Substandard Housing (Lacking complete plumbing or kitchen facilities)

Overcrowded (Housing more than 1.01 persons per room excluding bathrooms, porches,

foyers, halls or half rooms)

Housing Cost Burden (Housing costs that are more than 30% of the household’s total

gross income. For renters, cost includes rent paid plus utilities. For owners, cost includes mortgage payments, taxes, insurance, and utilities.)

Household Has No/Negative Income (Households whose income is zero or negative due to self-employment, dividends, and net rental income.

A “concentration” of multiple housing problems can be defined as households who

experience multiple housing problems at a greater rate (10 percentage points or greater)

than the households for the City of Lakewood as a whole. The CPD Maps Reports for

Lakewood, prepared by HUD, showed that of the 24,800 households in Lakewood, 39.2%

(9,721 households) had one or more of the “housing problems” listed above. Cost burden

was the major problem cited by most of the households having one or more “housing

problems.” Only very small percentages of households lived in housing that was substandard or in over-crowded conditions.

Map-Concentration of ELI with Any Housing Problems showed that there was a 49.2%

or greater (39.2% plus 10 percentage points) concentration of Extreme Low Income (ELI)

households with one or more housing problems. This concentration occurred in all census

tracts in Lakewood except CT 1607, CT 1608 and CT 1616. Maps-Percent and

Concentration of LI With Any Housing Problems showed that there was a 49.2% or

greater concentration of Low Income (LI) households with one or more housing problems.

This concentration occurred in in all census tracts except CT 1605, CT 1608, CT 1609, CT

1610, CT 1613, and CT 1616. Maps-Percent and Concentration of MI With Any

Housing Problems showed that there was a 49.2% or greater concentration of Moderate

Income (MI) households with one or more housing problems. This concentration occurred in CT 1602, CT 1615, CT 1617, and CT 1618.

Are there any areas in the jurisdiction where racial or ethnic minorities or low-income families are concentrated? (include a

definition of "concentration")

A concentration of racial/ethnic persons or low-income households can be defined as

person/household racial or income types that occur in an area at a greater rate (10

percentage points or greater) than the person/household types for the City of Lakewood as a whole.


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Of the 52,674 persons in Lakewood, 5.99% (3,154 persons) were Black or African

American. Using the above-cited definition of “concentration,” there was not a 15.99% or

greater “concentration” of Black or African Americans living in any Census Tracts in Lakewood (Maps-Percent and Concentration of Black or African Americans):

Of the 24,800 households in Lakewood, 28.7% of households with incomes 0-50% of HAMFI

(3,975 Extreme Low Income [ELI] Households with incomes that were 0-30% of HAMFI and

3,085 Low Income [LI] Households with incomes that were 31-50% of HAMFI). Using the

above-cited definition of “concentration,” there was a 38.7% or greater “concentration” of

Low Income Households (households with incomes 0-50% of HAMFI) living in the following Census Tracts (Map-Concentration of Low Income Households):

Low Income Households:

CT 1605, located in the northeast central part of the city (44%/785 Households)

CT 1606.02, located in the northeast part of the city (42%/640 Households)

CT 1616, located in the southeast part of the city (46%/450 Households)



What are the characteristics of the market in these areas/neighborhoods?

The households living in the areas of “concentration” listed above have median incomes that

are significantly below the City’s median household income of $43,139 (2007-11 ACS).

There are also higher poverty and unemployment rates than the citywide rates of 15.07% poverty and 8.16% unemployment.

In terms of housing, most of the areas of “concentration” listed above exhibited higher

vacancy rates than the citywide rate, which was about 11%. Only about one-fifth of the

areas listed had percentages of older rental housing stock built before 1950 that exceeded

the citywide percentage of about 72%. Median contract rent and median home values were

generally lower when compared to citywide figures. All of the areas listed exhibited median

rents that were below the City’s median rent of $589. Most of all home values in the areas listed were below the City’s median value of $136,500.

Are there any community assets in these areas/neighborhoods?

To Be Completed Prior to Final Submission

Are there other strategic opportunities in any of these areas?

To Be Completed Prior to Final Submission


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Percent of ELI Households With Any Housing Problems


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Concentration of ELI Households With Any Housing Problems


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Percent of LI Households With Any Housing Problems


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Concentration of LI Households With Any Housing Problems


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Percent of MI Households with Any Housing Problems


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Concentration of MI Households With Any Housing Problems


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Percent of Black or African Americans


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Concentration of Black or African Americans


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Concentration of Low Income Households


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Strategic Plan

SP-05 Overview

Strategic Plan Overview

The FY 2015-19 Plan outlines Lakewood’s five-year priorities, anticipated financial

resources, partners, and programs to address the needs outlined in Needs Assessment and

Market Analysis. The five-year framework is linked to the FY 2015 Annual Plan, which

describes activities to be implemented. The annual activities and long-term goals/priorities

must meet one of HUD’s statutory objectives: providing decent affordable housing, creating

a suitable living environment, or expanding economic opportunities (attachment). In

addition to meeting a statutory objective, HUD expects activities to reflect at least one

outcome: availability/accessibility, affordability, or sustainability (attachment).

PRIORITY NEEDS

Lakewood has identified four High priority needs for the next five years:

Affordable Housing: maintain and create homeownership, which is key for neighborhood

stability. Work will focus on rehabilitation activities, down-payment assistance, and a limited amount of new construction.

Non-homeless Persons with Special Needs: improve the condition and energy efficiency

of housing and offer services to assist persons to remain in their home, focused on elderly,

frail elderly, and persons with physical disabilities. See Homelessness priority for domestic violence victims.

Non-Housing Community Development: revitalize commercial/industrial areas with

infrastructure/public facility investments and economic development programs to retain and attract residents and offer a desirable environment for businesses to invest.

Homelessness: prioritize funding for homelessness prevention activities and emergency

shelter space, linked with case management services. These activities will improve

household stability and assist individuals and families toward self-sufficiency. Victims of domestic violence will be a priority for services.

Public Housing was noted as a Low priority need due to the agencies that assist persons in a countywide system.


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ANTICIPATED FINANCIAL RESOURCES

The City will utilize various funding sources to address priorities. The main sources will be

CDBG funds as an entitlement community, and HOME funds as a Cuyahoga Housing Consortium member.

PARTNERS

The City’s “institutional delivery structure” will use City departments, along with non-profit

organizations for community development, housing services, public services, and fair housing programs.

GOALS AND PROGRAMS

Lakewood has identified five goals, through which programs will be implemented during the next five years:

Improve, Maintain, and Expand Affordable Housing: provide programs for renters and

owners, including down-payment assistance, rehabilitation, new construction,

weatherization/energy efficiency, and correction of building code violations. Eligible areas will receive building code enforcement services.

Revitalize Residential Neighborhoods: improve the physical condition, health, and

safety of neighborhoods with projects such as improvements to rights-of-way, water and/or sewer lines, and/or public facilities. The City may demolish blighted structures.

Increase Economic Opportunities: provide public infrastructure improvements to aid

economic development; assist for-profit commercial or industrial firms with rehabilitation,

removal of blighted structures or conditions in commercial districts, and/or new construction

activities designed to create or retain jobs; eliminate substandard or blighted building conditions.

Provide Needed Public Services: focus on the elderly, frail elderly, and persons with

physical disabilities to improve the condition and energy efficiency of housing, as well as

services to assist persons to remain in their homes. See Homelessness goal for domestic violence victims.

The City will also assist service activities on issues such as – but may not be limited to –

children/youth, employment, food assistance, health, and homebuyer/foreclosure

counseling, and fair housing.

Reduce Homelessness and At-Risk Homelessness: assist individuals or families who

are homeless or at-risk of homelessness. Prevention activities will target extremely low

income renters (0% - 30% MFI) with services such as limited rent and utility assistance,

along with case management. The emergency shelter component will provide short-term

shelter for persons displaced by eviction, environmental issues (utility shut off, uninhabitable housing), or domestic violence, along with case management services.


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OTHER STRATEGIES

The Strategic Plan discusses other strategies for the next five years regarding lead-based paint hazards and anti-poverty, plus a description of procedures to monitor activities.

HUD Definitions - Objectives and Outcomes


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SP-10 Geographic Priorities - 91.415, 91.215(a)(1)

Geographic Area Table 14 - Geographic Priority Areas

General Allocation Priorities Describe the basis for allocating investments geographically within the state

HUD describes a “locally designated area” as an area where geographically targeted

revitalization efforts are carried out through multiple activities in a concentrated and

coordinated manner. Furthermore, target areas allow grantees to communicate a higher

priority for one or more areas over the jurisdiction as a whole and to call out priority needs

and goals for specific geographic areas (eCon Planning Suite Desk Guide, February 14, 2014 version, page 155).

Based on the above definition, the City of Lakewood does not direct any assistance solely on

the basis of geographic areas. Many programs have eligibility requirements based upon

characteristics of the individual or family, such as age or age and income. Program

eligibility regarding specific buildings often involves the extent of the repair needs of the structure, which is commonly referred to as the “slum/blight” status.


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SP-25 Priority Needs - 91.415, 91.215(a)(2)

Priority Needs Table 15 – Priority Needs Summary

1 Priority Need

Name

Affordable Housing

Priority Level High

Population Extremely Low

Low

Moderate

Large Families

Families with Children

Elderly

Geographic

Areas

Affected

Citywide

Associated

Goals

Improve, Maintain, and Expand Affordable Housing

Description The City of Lakewood will prioritize housing-related funding on

maintaining and creating homeownership, which is important to

neighborhood stability. Rehabilitation activities will ensure that housing

is safe and meets the needs of existing homeowners. Downpayment

assistance, focused toward qualified renters, will create new

homeowners. Strategically located new construction of single-family

homes will be available for purchase only by owner-occupants.

The City of Lakewood will also undertake rental rehabilitation activities,

which will improve the quality and safety of renter-occupied housing

units.

Basis for

Relative

Priority

A High Level priority was chosen for homeownership and rehabilitation

activities in order to maintain and improve neighborhood stability. The

recent recession has increased the number of homeowners in need of

assistance to maintain and repair their properties, which can be

addressed through a rehabilitation program. In addition, many renters

are homeownership candidates through downpayment assistance

and/or new construction program. The rental rehabilitation program

will improve the quality and safety of housing units. Weatherization

work is available for income-eligible owners and renters through the

State of Ohio's Home Weatherization Assistance Program, which will

lower overall housing costs.

2 Priority Need

Name

Non-homeless Persons with Special Needs

Priority Level High


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Population Elderly

Frail Elderly

Persons with Physical Disabilities

Victims of Domestic Violence

Geographic

Areas

Affected

Citywide

Associated

Goals

Provide Needed Public Services

Description The City of Lakewood has rated the elderly, frail elderly, persons with

physical disabilities, and victims of domestic violence as a priority for

housing assistance. The City will fund programs to improve the

condition and energy efficiency of housing, as well as services to assist

persons to remain in an independent living situation. Victims of

domestic violence will be provided with short-term housing solutions

(see also the Homelessness goal).

Basis for

Relative

Priority

A High Priority level was chosen because the elderly, persons with

physical disabilities, and victims of domestic violence are among the

most vulnerable segments of the population.

The remaining special populations are not checked because programs

and services for these groups originate with other public agencies and

nonprofit organizations. The City will consider certifications of

consistency for other entities' applications for Federal assistance.

3 Priority Need

Name

Non-Housing Community Development

Priority Level High

Population Non-housing Community Development

Geographic

Areas

Affected

Citywide

Associated

Goals

Revitalize Residential Neighborhoods

Increase Economic Opportunities

Provide Needed Public Services

Description The City of Lakewood has rated infrastructure needs, public facility

needs, and commercial/industrial revitalization as priorities for

funding. As an older community, Lakewood must reinvest in its public

infrastructure and facilities to continue to retain and attract residents

and offer a desirable environment for business employees. The City

must also work creatively with businesses to maintain and expand the

community's employment base.

Basis for

Relative

Priority

A High Priority level was chosen because these types of projects

encourage reinvestment in neighborhoods by property owners. These

types of projects also assist in the revitalization of commercial areas,

which leads to job retention and creation.

4 Priority Need

Name

Homelessness


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Priority Level High

Population Extremely Low

Large Families


Individuals


Mentally Ill

Chronic Substance Abuse

veterans

Persons with HIV/AIDS

Victims of Domestic Violence

Geographic

Areas

Affected

Citywide

Associated

Goals

Reduce Homelessness and At-Risk Homelessness

Description The City of Lakewood will prioritize homelessness-related funding for

both homelessness prevention activities and the provision of

emergency shelter space, linked with case management services.

These activities will improve household stability and assist individuals

and families toward self-sufficiency. Victims of domestic violence will

be a priority for services.

As part of these activities, the following types of persons may be

served as part of case management services, although they are not a

specific target for services: persons with mental health issues,

substance abuse issues, persons who are military veterans, and/or

persons with HIV/AIDS.

Basis for

Relative

Priority

A High Priority level was chosen because homeless persons and

extremely low-income persons at-risk of homelessness are a

vulnerable segment of Lakewood's population, and requests for

services illustrate that there is an ongoing need. These programs will

provide services within Lakewood for Lakewood residents.

5 Priority Need

Name

Public Housing

Priority Level Low

Population Public Housing Residents

Geographic

Areas

Affected

Associated

Goals

Description There are no public housing units in Lakewood. Programs to assist

public housing residents are administered on a countywide level

through the Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority and the Parma

Public Housing Agency.


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Basis for

Relative

Priority

A Low Priority level was chosen because this housing need is

addressed by other agencies on a countywide basis.


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SP-35 Anticipated Resources - 91.420(b), 91.215(a)(4), 91.220(c)(1,2) Introduction

The 5-year Consolidated Plan for 2015 - 2019 must identify the federal, state, local, and private resources expected to be

available to the City of Lakewood to address priority needs and specific objectives identified in the Strategic Plan. Lakewood is a

direct entitlement community for the HUD-funded Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) and Emergency Solutions

Grant (ESG) programs and receives an annual allocation from each. Resources the city anticipates receiving during the FY15 through FY19 consolidated planning period appear below.

Anticipated Resources Program Source

of

Funds

Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected

Amount

Available

Reminder

of

ConPlan

$

Narrative

Description Annual

Allocation:

$

Program

Income:

$

Prior Year

Resources:

$

Total:

$

CDBG public -

federal

Acquisition

Admin and

Planning

Economic

Development

Housing

Public

Improvements

Public Services 1,700,000 250,000 0 1,950,000 6,800,000

CDBG Funds will

leverage private

funding, as well as

additional public

funds from local,

state, federal funding

sources.


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Program Source

of

Funds

Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected

Amount

Available

Reminder

of

ConPlan

$

Narrative

Description Annual

Allocation:

$

Program

Income:

$

Prior Year

Resources:

$

Total:

$

ESG public -

federal

Conversion and

rehab for

transitional

housing

Financial

Assistance

Overnight

shelter

Rapid re-

housing (rental

assistance)

Rental

Assistance

Services

Transitional

housing 140,000 0 0 140,000 560,000

ESG funds are

matched at least

dollar for dollar by

eligible sources per

program

requirements.

Table 16 - Anticipated Resources

Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state and local funds), including a description of how matching requirements will be satisfied

To maximize the effort and impact of federal funds, Lakewood is responding proactively, assertively, and definitively to

dramatic cuts from nearly every source (federal CDBG, ESG, and HOME funding; the state of Ohio Local Government Fund;

property tax revenues) and the near exhaustion of its federal stimulus funding (HPRP, CDBG-R, NSP) by requiring sub-

recipients to commit significant leveraged and matching resources toward total project costs. Moreover, CDBG and ESG

typically represent a relatively small percentage of the total resources necessary to complete a given activity or project.

Lakewood requires all sub-recipients to leverage or match city resources with those garnered from other eligible sources

including, but not limited to, non-CDBG/ESG federal funds, municipal General Fund monies, lending institutions, foundations,


LAKEWOOD 94


government entities (county or state), earned revenue, volunteer time (valued at $10/hour or the market rate for professional services), and in-kind donations.

ESG sub-recipients must meet or exceed (and sufficiently document) provision of the program’s required dollar-for-dollar match from eligible sources.

If appropriate, describe publically owned land or property located within the state that may be

used to address the needs identified in the plan

N/A


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SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure - 91.415, 91.215(k) Explain the institutional structure through which the jurisdiction will carry out its

consolidated plan including private industry, non-profit organizations, and public

institutions.

Responsible Entity Responsible Entity

Type

Role Geographic Area

Served

City of Lakewood -

Division of Aging

Government public services Jurisdiction

City of Lakewood -

Division of Building

and Housing

Government Planning Other

City of Lakewood -

Division of

Community

Development

Government Economic

Development

Non-homeless

special needs

Ownership

Rental

Jurisdiction

City of Lakewood -

Division of Early

Childhood

Government public services Jurisdiction

City of Lakewood -

Department of

Planning and

Development

Government Economic

Development

Planning

Jurisdiction

City of Lakewood -

Department of Public

Works

Government neighborhood

improvements

public facilities

Domestic Violence

Center

Non-profit

organizations

public services Jurisdiction

Housing Research &

Advocacy Center

Non-profit

organizations

Planning Jurisdiction

LakewoodAlive Non-profit

organizations

Ownership

public services

Jurisdiction

Lakewood

Community Services

Center

Non-profit

organizations


North Coast Health Non-profit

organizations


Table 17 - Institutional Delivery Structure


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Assess of Strengths and Gaps in the Institutional Delivery System

As stated in the HUD Desk Guide instructions, the entries in Table 15 represent the lead

agency and other entities that will have a major role in administering funding activities during the next five years, rather than a list of all potential subrecipients.

The institutional structure through which Lakewood administers federal funds and programs

is comprised of a diverse coalition of partners the City has built to facilitate the achievement

of its Consolidated Plan goals and objectives. Lakewood’s Citizen Advisory Committee and

city residents are continuously involved in decisions regarding the allocation and

expenditure of federal funds via the Citizen Participation Process. In addition to Lakewood

residents, this institutional structure encompasses subrecipients (city departments/divisions

and external not-for-profit organizations), regional entities, social service agencies, faith-

based organizations, private lenders, developers, municipalities (particularly those bordering Lakewood), and government (county, state, federal) agencies.

The City has qualified partners capable of carrying out their activities. There are no major

gaps in the institutional delivery system.

Availability of services targeted to homeless persons and persons with HIV and mainstream services

Homelessness

Prevention Services

Available in the

Community

Targeted to

Homeless

Targeted to

People with HIV

Homelessness Prevention Services

Counseling/Advocacy X X

Legal Assistance X X

Mortgage Assistance X X

Rental Assistance X X

Utilities Assistance X X

Street Outreach Services

Law Enforcement X X

Mobile Clinics X X

Other Street Outreach

Services X X

Supportive Services

Alcohol & Drug Abuse X X

Child Care X X

Education X X

Employment and

Employment Training X X

Healthcare X X

HIV/AIDS X X

Life Skills X X

Mental Health Counseling X X

Transportation X X

Other

Table 18 - Homeless Prevention Services Summary


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Describe how the service delivery system including, but not limited to, the services listed above meet the needs of homeless persons

(particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied

youth)

Institutional Delivery Structure Serving Homeless Persons

In Table 16, "Available in the Community" and "Targeted to Homeless" have been answered based on a countywide response, rather than a response for a single jurisdiction.

The Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Office of Homeless Services (OHS), a division within

Cuyahoga County government, serves all 59 communities in Cuyahoga County. The OHS

coordinates the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care, an extensive network of

public, private, and non-profit agencies that facilitate and/or provide, either directly or

indirectly, assisted housing, health services, and/or social services to persons in Cuyahoga

County who are homeless or at-risk of homelessness, including chronically homeless

individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth.

Institutional Delivery Structure Serving Persons with HIV/AIDS

The HIV column in Table 16 was left blank because the jurisdiction is not the HOPWA

grantee for this metropolitan area. The HOPWA program is administered by the City of

Cleveland Office of HIV/AIDS Services on behalf of the five-county metropolitan area, which

receives primary funding from:

Federal HIV Prevention Grant - Ohio Department of Health (ODH) through the

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) - Cleveland City Council

Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) - U.S. Department of Housing

and Urban Development (HUD)

STD Prevention Grant - Ohio Department of Health (ODH) through the Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

These public funds are combined with grants and private sector resources to enable

coordination and direction of the overall response to HIV/AIDS in Cleveland, Cuyahoga

County, and the metropolitan area in cooperation with community-based organizations,

governmental bodies, advocates, and people living with HIV/AIDS. More information is

available from the City of Cleveland Department of Public Health.


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Describe the strengths and gaps of the service delivery system for

special needs population and persons experiencing homelessness, including, but not limited to, the services listed above

SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS – SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEM

Strengths

The Cuyahoga Housing Consortium jurisdictions and its partners listed previously in this

section will continue to utilize their experience in providing housing-related programs and

public services to special needs populations such as the elderly, frail elderly, and persons

with physical disabilities. These activities would provide improvements or services to assist

persons to remain in their homes or improve the accessibility of the community’s facilities

and/or infrastructure.

For persons with mental disabilities, developmental disabilities, alcohol or other drug

addictions, or HIV/AIDS, Cuyahoga County has a strong network of public agencies and

nonprofit organizations that provide housing and support services to persons with special

needs. In turn, these agencies and organizations work to leverage other state and local

funds, plus financial support from foundations, companies, and individuals, to carry out their

programs. These providers constantly work to balance community needs, priorities, available funds, and the ability to deliver programs in a cost effective manner.

Gaps

In terms of special needs populations, the primary obstacle to fully addressing the needs

outlined in the Five-Year Plan is the overall level of funds available. Recent federal and state

budget issues related to social service programs may jeopardize the model that has been

created to combine affordable housing for special needs populations with needed social services.

HOMELESS – SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEM

Strengths

The Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care (CoC), a network of local government,

business and non-profit organizations is coordinated through the Cleveland/Cuyahoga

County Office of Homeless Services. The CoC has reached a consensus on the causes and

problems of the homeless; made recommendations for effective solutions to prevent, and

more efficiently serve, the homeless and potentially homeless; and is implementing

methods to promote and adopt an effective countywide coordinated commitment to meet

the needs of the homeless.

Gaps

The 2014 HUD NOFA response by the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care (CoC) noted strengths and gaps in the institutional structure and service delivery system:


LAKEWOOD 99


Transition by Individuals Out of Permanent Supportive Housing Units

Transition by individuals out of the HousingFirst Initiative permanent supportive housing

units to more independent, stable housing has been slower than anticipated.

Maintaining the Level of Housing Stability in Permanent Housing

In 2013, 98% of participants remained in, or exited to, permanent housing, however the total number of participants is expected to rise.

Increase the Income of Project Participants

In 2013, 56% of participants accessed non-employment income sources, but that

percentage could be larger.

Increase the Employment Income of Project Participants

The overall employment rate in 2013 for exiting CoC program participants was 16%. In

addition to the challenges to finding employment in the current economy, the HUD

emphasis on rapid re-housing shifts staff focus from helping clients get jobs while in shelter

as a threshold for accessing permanent housing, to leaving shelter to PH as quickly as

possible.

Increase the Percentage of Persons Accessing Mainstream Benefits

In 2013, 73% of participants in CoC funded projects obtained mainstream benefits.

Assist Households with Children Through Rapid Re-housing with McKinney-Vento

Act Funds

Currently, families with children are not assisted with rapid re-housing using McKinney-Vento Act funding.


LAKEWOOD 100


Provide a summary of the strategy for overcoming gaps in the

institutional structure and service delivery system for carrying out a strategy to address priority needs

SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS – SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEM

With the primary gap being the overall level of available funding, the Cuyahoga Housing

Consortium jurisdictions and its partners listed previously in this section will continue to

seek additional sources of funds to supplement dollars available through HUD and assist more persons.

Locally, significant funding is created by two countywide human services levies, which

voters have recently renewed and increased. These property tax levies provide funding to

meet the needs of residents countywide, including persons with special needs. Agencies and

organizations that receive these funds also work to leverage other public funds, plus financial support from foundations, companies, and individuals.

HOMELESS – SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEM

The 2014 HUD NOFA response by the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Continuum of Care (CoC)

noted strategies for overcoming gaps in the institutional structure and service delivery system:

Transition by Individuals Out of Permanent Supportive Housing Units

The CoC is working to implement a focused “move on” policy in the HousingFirst Initiative

projects to encourage 20% of current residents to move to more independent, stable

housing each year, including a partnership with the Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing

Authority regarding Housing Choice Vouchers.

Maintaining the Level of Housing Stability in Permanent Housing

The CoC has created Housing Retention Specialist positions, who are involved in all cases

where clients are at risk of termination or eviction. The intervention is intended to prevent

the loss of housing or assistance, assure compliance with re-inspection requirements to

maintain eligibility, and/or reconnect the clients with case management and other

community stabilization assistance.

Increase the Income of Project Participants

Improving the percentage of participants receiving income from entry to exit will be

accomplished through focused efforts to assess and link clients more quickly. Through

Coordinated Assessment and Intake, the CoC will be better able to assess clients at shelter entrance to identify current income sources and potential benefit sources.


LAKEWOOD 101


Increase the Employment Income of Project Participants

By emphasizing support during the rapid re-housing process, a person is able to leave the

shelter without employment, and link with resources in the community to maintain housing

through employment. During the shelter stay, the CoC will promote more collaboration with

County Jobs and Family Services to link clients with Child Care vouchers; Work Force

Development, for training that can be started while the client is in shelter; and using Motivational Interviewing to help clients identify job options.

Increase the Percentage of Persons Accessing Mainstream Benefits

The CoC will attempt to increase this percentage by continuing the strategy of using the

Coordinated Assessment & Intake tool, which identifies client eligibility for income supports

and mainstream benefits. This is particularly helpful for veterans and chronically homeless persons.

Assist Households with Children Through Rapid Re-housing with McKinney-Vento Act Funds

Households with children will start to be funded using McKinney-Vento Act funds. First,

households with children will remain a priority population. Second, more federal and local

money will be directed toward this program. Third, reducing the average time from shelter

entry to rapid re-housing exit will enable more families to be assisted. The former average

shelter wait time, 62 days, has been reduced to 52 days. The goal is to reduce shelter stays

to 30 days or less through improved coordination among shelter staff, families, and Housing Locator staff.


LAKEWOOD 102


SP-45 Goals - 91.415, 91.215(a)(4) Goals Summary Information

Sort

Order

Goal Name Start

Year

End

Year

Category Geographic

Area

Needs

Addressed

Funding Goal Outcome Indicator

1 Improve,

Maintain, and

Expand Affordable

Housing

2015 2019 Affordable

Housing

Affordable

Housing

Rental units rehabilitated:

50 Household Housing

Unit

Homeowner Housing

Rehabilitated:

300 Household Housing

Unit

Direct Financial Assistance

to Homebuyers:

85 Households Assisted

2 Revitalize

Residential

Neighborhoods

2015 2019 Non-Housing

Community

Development

Non-Housing

Community

Development

Public Facility or

Infrastructure Activities

other than Low/Moderate

Income Housing Benefit:

15000 Persons Assisted

Buildings Demolished:

30 Buildings

3 Increase

Economic

Opportunities

2015 2019 Non-Housing

Community

Development

Non-Housing

Community

Development

Facade

treatment/business

building rehabilitation:

35 Business

4 Provide Needed

Public Services

2015 2019 Non-Homeless

Special Needs

Non-Housing

Community

Development

Non-homeless

Persons with

Special Needs

Non-Housing

Community

Development

Public service activities

other than Low/Moderate

Income Housing Benefit:



LAKEWOOD 103


Sort

Order

Goal Name Start

Year

End

Year

Category Geographic

Area

Needs

Addressed


5 Reduce

Homelessness and

At-Risk

Homelessness

2015 2019 Homeless Homelessness Homeless Person

Overnight Shelter:


Homelessness Prevention:


Table 19 – Goals Summary

Goal Descriptions

1 Goal Name Improve, Maintain, and Expand Affordable Housing

Goal

Description

The City will administer several programs that improve, maintain, and expand owner- and renter-occupied

housing including severla rehabilitation financing mechanisms; first-time homebuyer down payment

assistance; home re-construction; and home weatherization.

2 Goal Name Revitalize Residential Neighborhoods

Goal

Description

The City will administer activities to improve the physical condition, health, and safety of residential

neighborhoods with projects such as improvements to rights-of-way, water and/or sewer lines, and/or

public facilities. The City may also fund activities to demolish blighted structures.

3 Goal Name Increase Economic Opportunities

Goal

Description

The City will administer the following types of programs which will increase economic opportunities in

Lakewood: provide public infrastructure improvements to aid economic development; assist for-profit

commerical or industrial companies with rehabilitation, removal of blighted structures or conditions in

commercial districts, and/or new construction activities designed to create or retain jobs; eliminate

substandard or blighted building conditions.


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4 Goal Name Provide Needed Public Services

Goal

Description

The City will administer programs related to the elderly, frail elderly, and persons with physical disabilities

as priorities. The City will administer programs to improve the condition and energy efficiency of housing,

as well as services to assist persons to remain in an independent living situation. For victims of domestic

violence, see the Homelessness-related goal.

The City will also assist service activities that maintain and improve neighborhood and household stability,

such as - but not limited to - programs related to children/youth, health, employment, food assistance, and

homebuyer/foreclosure counseling.

The City will also provide fair housing services for both the rental and home purchase markets, along with

tenant/landlord services.

5 Goal Name Reduce Homelessness and At-Risk Homelessness

Goal

Description

The City of Lakewood will assist individuals or families who are homeless or at-risk of homelessness.

Homelessness prevention activities will target extremely low income renters (0% - 30% MFI) with services

such as limited rent and utility assistance, along with case management. The emergency shelter

component will provide up to four weeks of temporary shelter for persons displaced by eviction,

environmental issues (utility shut off, uninhabitable housing), or domestic violence, along with case

management services.

Estimate the number of extremely low-income, low-income, and moderate-income families to

whom the jurisdiction will provide affordable housing as defined by HOME 91.315(b)(2)

Through HOME funding received via the Cuyahoga Housing Consortium, the City of Lakewood estimates approximately 80

extremely low-income, low-income and moderate-income families will be assisted through programs that promote affordable

housing.


LAKEWOOD 105


SP-60 Homelessness Strategy - 91.415, 91.215(d)

Will be Completed Prior to Final Submission

Introduction

Describe the jurisdictions one-year goals and actions for reducing and ending homelessness including reaching out to homeless

persons (especially unsheltered persons) and assessing their individual needs.

Addressing the emergency shelter and transitional housing needs of

homeless persons.

Helping homeless persons (especially chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their

families, and unaccompanied youth) make the transition to permanent housing and independent living, including shortening the

period of time that individuals and families experience homelessness, facilitating access for homeless individuals and

families to affordable housing units, and preventing individuals and

families who were recently homeless from becoming homeless again.

Helping low-income individuals and families avoid becoming

homeless, especially extremely low-income individuals and families and those who are: being discharged from publicly funded

institutions and systems of care (such as health care facilities, mental health facilities, foster care and other youth facilities, and

corrections programs and institutions) or, receiving assistance from public or private agencies that address housing, health, social

services, employment, education, or youth needs.


LAKEWOOD 106


SP-65 Lead-based Paint Hazards - 91.415, 91.215(i)

Actions to address LBP hazards and increase access to housing without LBP hazards

The Cuyahoga County Board of Health (CCBH), in cooperation with the Cleveland Public

Health Department for residents of that city, operates as the clearinghouse for state and

federal lead testing requirements for children, local statistics, local resources and contact

information, and best practice strategies to improve testing rates. The Greater Cleveland

Lead Advisory Council (GCLAC) was created in 2005 to bring together more than sixty

agencies representing diverse sectors of the community such as parents of lead poisoned

children, medical providers, contractors, local, state, and federal government officials and

environmental and child health advocates to work toward the common goal of reducing lead

poisoning through public education, testing, and remediation. GCLAC joined with the

Greater Cleveland Asthma Coalition in 2011 to create the Healthy Homes Advisory Council

of Greater Cleveland to continue their efforts on a countywide basis, including within

Consortium jurisdictions.

How are the actions listed above integrated into housing policies and procedures?

To integrate the LBP issue into housing programs, several agencies operate programs

countywide (Cleveland operates its own programs). A program that directly creates lead

safe housing units meeting HUD guidelines is the Cuyahoga County Lead Safe Program. The

program is available in suburban Cuyahoga County to income-eligible homeowners and

renters with a child age five or under living in the home or regularly attending paid home

day care in the home. The scope of work is determined by a free Lead Risk Assessment

prepared by the CCBH. The remediation work is completed by a state licensed lead

abatement contractor and inspected by the CCBH. The program is administered by the

Cuyahoga County Department of Development. This county program was the first in the

U.S. to win the U.S. EPA 2006 Children’s Environmental Health Excellence and Recognition Award.

In addition, rehabilitation programs operated by Consortium jurisdictions can also be used for the abatement of lead hazards.

Consortium jurisdictions have implemented HUD’s Lead Safe Housing Rule, providing

educational materials, abatement of lead-based paint hazards, and safe work site practices,

depending upon the specific activity. Also, Consortium jurisdiction staffs have been trained to administer lead paint remediation work.


LAKEWOOD 107


SP-70 Anti-Poverty Strategy - 91.415, 91.215(j)

Jurisdiction Goals, Programs and Policies for reducing the number of Poverty-Level Families

“Poverty level” is defined as an annual income level, adjusted for family size and number of

children. In 2013, a 1-person household (under age 65) was considered in poverty if annual

income was below $12,119; a 3-person family with 2 children under age 18 was considered in poverty if annual income was below $18,769.

With such a low level of income, the method to reduce the number of families living below

the poverty line is to create additional employment opportunities.

Consortium jurisdictions use, and often combine, a variety of funds for job creation and

retention projects, such as CDBG funds from HUD, State of Ohio programs, municipal or

county funds, private sector financing, and private sector equity. Many communities have

also used Cuyahoga County’s Brownfield Redevelopment Fund for both identification of

environmental problems and their remediation. The sources of funds often vary based upon

the type, size, and location of the project. Projects can range from large investments with

regional impact down to small projects that help revitalize local retail or industrial space and employment in an immediate area.

In addition to projects that construct or rehabilitate space, many Consortium communities

actively publicize “buy local” programs as a way to stimulate shopping at local, independent

businesses. Several jurisdictions also maintain updated website-based lists of retail and

office space available for lease or sale, which supplements the efforts of property owners to

market their spaces.

In 2011, Cuyahoga County developed a comprehensive Five-Year Economic Development

Plan that has shaped a policy agenda and defined priorities and strategies for economic

growth. The Plan has been coupled with the $100 million Cuyahoga County Western Reserve

Fund to make investments. The County Executive’s Office, County Council, and the

Economic Development Commission identified specific areas of investment: Innovation;

Commercial Property Redevelopment; and Business Growth and Attraction. Cuyahoga

County also uses significant non-federal revenue streams for growth and development for the benefit of residents countywide.

Education and Training

A prerequisite for a higher paying job to move families above the poverty level is the

appropriate education and/or job training. Within the metropolitan Cleveland area there are

numerous organizations that provide education, vocational training, and job training. For

example, the Ohio Means Jobs|Cleveland-Cuyahoga County is a collaborative system that

helps local employers meet their hiring and training needs and assists job seekers to find

work. Educational institutions also provide a substantial amount of workforce education and

training. For example, Cuyahoga Community College has classes and programs tailored to

job training for individuals, workforce training for organizations, corporate training for

companies, and professional development for individuals.


LAKEWOOD 108


Financial Literacy

Increasing the ability of low- and moderate-income families to maximize their income is also

important. A number of Consortium jurisdictions support organizations that work to improve

citizen’s financial literacy and money management skills. In addition, County departments

work with organizations to inform residents of the Earned Income Tax Credit, a refundable federal income tax credit for low- to moderate-income working households.

Public Transportation

Consortium jurisdictions work with the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority and the

Metropolitan Planning Organization, NOACA, to maintain and increase the supply of

convenient, accessible public transportation options essential for people to obtain and retain

employment and access educational and training opportunities.

How are the Jurisdiction poverty reducing goals, programs, and policies coordinated with this affordable housing plan

The City of Lakewood uses combinations of its HUD-related funding, State of Ohio funding,

local public funds and programs, along with philanthropic and private section dollars, to

provide affordable housing programs to reduce housing cost burden, which is frequent

among households whose income is near the poverty line. For example, low interest or

deferred rehabilitation loans, weatherization programs, and utility discounts based on

household income reduce overall housing costs and makes available money for other necessities or to help pay toward educational programs or training.

When feasible, the City also takes advantage of blending rehabilitation, development, and

transit opportunities. Lakewood is a built-out community, meaning that in the future,

development will occur on previously developed sites instead of on undeveloped tracts of

land. As noted by the Center for Neighborhood Technology’s H+T Affordability Index,

transportation costs associated with the location of housing have a demonstrable impact on

a household’s economic bottom line. Access to reliable public transportation for employment

and necessities, with decreasing reliance on an automobile, will further reduce household expenditures.

Administratively, the City enforces applicable federal regulations that create economic

opportunity and sustain a living wage, such as Davis-Bacon, minority and women business

equal opportunity compliance, and Section 3 of the National Affordable Housing Act. Section

3 sets goals for the participation of qualified low- and moderate-income businesses and workers for HUD-funded construction projects.

More broadly, the City participates in regional efforts that strive to prevent or reduce

poverty, such as the Northeast Ohio Sustainable Communities Consortium. Objectives in the

NEOSCC report, Vibrant NEO 2040, include promoting investment in established

communities, develop the regional economy with accessible employment opportunities, and enhance the regional transportation network.


LAKEWOOD 109


SP-80 Monitoring - 91.230

Describe the standards and procedures that the jurisdiction will use to monitor activities carried out in furtherance of the plan and will

use to ensure long-term compliance with requirements of the programs involved, including minority business outreach and the

comprehensive planning requirements

The City monitors, audits, and evaluates all activities to ensure compliance with

programmatic regulations, timeliness of expenditures, and achievement of identified

outcomes.

Lakewood has developed a comprehensive sub-recipient monitoring system, the terms of

which are included in all Grant Agreements with non-profit agencies and Memoranda of Understanding with City departments:

"taking appropriate action when performance problems arise, such as those actions

described in 24 CFR Section 570.91O; the City will conduct an annual on-site review with

each sub-recipient for conformance with all terms of their agreement; issue a written

monitoring report including findings, actions required to resolve noncompliance clearly

documenting the areas monitored and conclusions reached which is shared with the agency;

opportunity to respond and/or clarify issues and timeline to do so; the on-site review shall

include testing of financial transactions, a review of source documentation, a review for

compliance with OMB Circulars A-110, A-122, A-133 and other applicable federal regulations, general accounting, budgeting, and financial management."

Lakewood's Development Officer (DO) conducts annual on-site monitoring of all sub-

recipients, complemented by periodic desk monitoring. On-site monitoring ensures all sub-

recipients have implemented required financial controls, maintain beneficiary data files,

understand and acknowledge the regulations and requirements tied to their funds, and

receive the technical assistance needed to be successful. The goal is continuous quality

improvement that makes compliance as thorough, user-friendly, and efficient as possible.

Intelligence gathered during monitoring visits is a key factor in the assessment of future funding applications.

Should concerns arise, sub-recipients are informed immediately in writing by the City. They

must acknowledge receipt of this information in writing, provide an assessment, and a plan

to address concerns. The DO will determine the nature, extent, and duration of technical

assistance required, and a timeline for corrective action is developed and agreed-upon by

both parties. Probationary status is conferred on the sub-recipient until the issue(s) have

been resolved.

Sub-recipients are required to submit monthly performance reports as a condition of

reimbursement for eligible expenses, and program accomplishment data is entered into

IDIS on at least a quarterly basis. Each invoice submitted for reimbursement is examined

for accuracy, cost eligibility, and appropriateness to the goods and/or services purchased

and then signed by the DO prior to processing. Sub-recipient timeliness is also gauged

throughout the program year to ensure a consistent pace of expenditures. Monitoring visits

stress the importance of timeliness and the importance of drawing down funds at an


LAKEWOOD 110


acceptable rate. Lakewood's sub-recipient contracts are used as a management tool and include sanctions for failing to meet these requirements.

In terms of minority business outreach, the Consortium jurisdictions have equal opportunity

programs in place related to both public purchasing and contracts. In addition, the

jurisdictions encourage minority-owned businesses to become registered contractors, as

well as seek qualified minority-owned business as applicants for various economic

development programs. In addition, Consortium jurisdictions file semi-annual minority

business reports to HUD, tracking contractual awards to minority business enterprises.

In terms of ongoing comprehensive planning, the Consortium jurisdictions utilize the staffs

of the Cuyahoga County Planning Commission, the Case Western Reserve University/Mandel

School of Applied Social Sciences, and the Cuyahoga County Land Reutilization Corporation

to research housing needs and issues, as well as develop data reports for Consortium

members.

Lakewood - 2015 Annual Action Plan - DRAFT 111

Expected Resources AP-15 Expected Resources - 91.420(b), 91.220(c)(1,2)

Introduction

The 5-year Consolidated Plan for 2015 - 2019 must identify the federal, state, local, and

private resources expected to be available to the City of Lakewood to address priority needs

and specific objectives identified in the Strategic Plan. Lakewood is a direct entitlement

community for the HUD-funded Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) and

Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) programs and receives an annual allocation from each.

Resources the city anticipates receiving during the FY15 through FY19 consolidated planning

period appear in the table below.


Anticipated Resources

Program Source of

Funds

Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected Amount

Available Reminder

of Con Plan

$

Narrative Description Annual

Allocation: $

Program Income:

$

Prior Year Resources:

$

Total: $

CDBG public - federal

Acquisition Admin and Planning Economic Development Housing Public Improvements Public Services

1,700,000 250,000 0 1,950,000 6,800,000

CDBG Funds will leverage private funding, as well as additional public funds from local, state, federal funding sources.

ESG public - federal

Conversion and rehab for transitional housing Financial Assistance Overnight shelter Rapid re-housing (rental assistance) Rental Assistance Services Transitional housing 140,000 0 0 140,000 560,000

ESG funds are matched at least dollar for dollar by eligible sources per program requirements.

Table 20 - Expected Resources – Priority Table


Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state and local funds), including a description of how

matching requirements will be satisfied.

To maximize the effort and impact of federal funds, Lakewood is responding proactively,

assertively, and definitively to dramatic cuts from nearly every source (federal CDBG, ESG,

and HOME funding; the state of Ohio Local Government Fund; property tax revenues) and

the near exhaustion of its federal stimulus funding (HPRP, CDBG-R, NSP) by requiring sub-

recipients to commit significant leveraged and matching resources toward total project

costs. Moreover, CDBG and ESG typically represent a relatively small percentage of the total

resources necessary to complete a given activity or project.

Lakewood requires all sub-recipients to leverage or match city resources with those

garnered from other eligible sources including, but not limited to, non-CDBG/ESG federal

funds, municipal General Fund monies, lending institutions, foundations, government

entities (county or state), earned revenue, volunteer time (valued at $10/hour or the

market rate for professional services), and in-kind donations.

ESG sub-recipients must meet or exceed (and sufficiently document) provision of the

program’s required dollar-for-dollar match from eligible sources.

If appropriate, describe publically owned land or property located

within the jurisdiction that may be used to address the needs identified in the plan.

N/A


Annual Goals and Objectives

AP-20 Annual Goals and Objectives - 91.420, 91.220(c)(3)&(e)

Goals Summary Information

Sort

Order Goal Name Start

Year End Year

Category Geographic Area

Needs Addressed


1 Improve, Maintain, and Expand Affordable Housing

2015 2019 Affordable Housing

Affordable Housing Non-homeless Persons with Special Needs

CDBG: $313,500

Rental units rehabilitated: 10 Household Housing Unit Homeowner Housing Rehabilitated: 59 Household Housing Unit Direct Financial Assistance to Homebuyers: 17 Households Assisted

2 Revitalize Residential Neighborhoods

2015 2019 Non-Housing Community Development


CDBG: $601,500

Public Facility or Infrastructure Activities other than Low/Moderate Income Housing Benefit: 2295 Persons Assisted Buildings Demolished: 6 Buildings Housing Code Enforcement/Foreclosed Property Care: 950 Household Housing Unit

3 Provide Needed Public Services

2015 2019 Non-Homeless Special Needs Non-Housing Community Development

Affordable Housing Non-homeless Persons with Special Needs Non-Housing Community Development

CDBG: $255,000

Public service activities other than Low/Moderate Income Housing Benefit: 8547 Persons Assisted

4 Reduce Homelessness and At-Risk Homelessness

2015 2019 Homeless Homelessness ESG: $140,000

Homeless Person Overnight Shelter: 40 Persons Assisted Homelessness Prevention: 250 Persons Assisted

5 Increase Economic Opportunities

2015 2019 Non-Housing Community Development


CDBG: $150,000

Facade treatment/business building rehabilitation: 7 Business

Table 21 – Goals Summary


Goal Descriptions

1 Goal Name Improve, Maintain, and Expand Affordable Housing

Goal Description

Housing is Lakewood’s primary economic engine and the city's

fortunes are inextricably tied to a strong housing stock for all

residents. As such, the city devotes significant CDBG funding to a rich

variety of affordable housing programs that improve, maintain, and

expand owner- and renter-occupied units and encourage

homeownership. Together, these activities effectively address the

needs of low-moderate income households with particular emphases

on serving High Priority sub-populations (seniors, extremely low-

income families, the disabled) and targeting structures located in

designated low-moderate income and slum blight areas.

In FY15, the city will implement the following affordable housing

programs utilizing FY15 CDBG funds and unexpended "carry forward"

funds awarded in previous years: Low-Interest Home Rehabilitation

Loan; Nuisance Rehabilitation; Property Revitalization; Repair

Accessibility & Maintenance; Home Weatherization; Paint Rebate; 1st

Time Homebuyer Down Payment Assistance; and HOME Program

Activity Delivery. Please refer to the Projects section of this plan for

additional information.

2 Goal Name Revitalize Residential Neighborhoods

Goal Description

Lakewood strives to create and sustain a suitable living environment

for all residents. To this end, the city devotes significant CDBG

resources to programs that improve public facilities and

infrastructure; arrest blight; and ensure building codes are enforced.

During Program Year 1, the city will implement the Street

Improvements and Code Enforcement residential neighborhood

revitalization programs utilizing FY15 CDBG funds and unexpended

"carry forward" funds awarded in previous years. Please refer to the

Projects section of this plan for additional information.

3 Goal Name Provide Needed Public Services

Goal Description

Lakewood considers the provision of excellent public services,

particularly for the city’s most vulnerable low-moderate

income residents who depend disproportionately on these programs, a

high priority. In recent years, struggling local and national economies

and increased unemployment have intensified the need for these

services. As such, the city will continue to allocate the maximum

allowable 15% of its annual CDBG award to these activities. In FY15,

Lakewood will implement the following programs that provide needed

public services utilizing FY15 CDBG resources and unexpended "carry

forward" funds awarded in previous years: Food Pantry, Domestic

Violence Victim Advocacy; Employment Services; Case Management

Services for Low-Mod Persons; Health/Medical Services; Senior Case

Management Services; Childcare Scholarship Assistance; and Housing

Outreach and Advocacy Services. Please refer to the Projects section

of this plan for additional information.


4 Goal Name Reduce Homelessness and At-Risk Homelessness

Goal Description

The city partners closely with sub-recipient Lakewood Community

Services Center to reduce homelessness and assist households at-risk

of homelessness through implementation of the ESG-funded

Emergency Shelter and Homelessness Prevention programs. These

activities support, complement and advance regional Continuum of

Care efforts and strategies designed to prevent; reduce the duration

of; and ultimately end homelessness by expanding access to

mainstream benefits and resources. HMIS data is utilized to

continuously improve homelessness strategies and outcomes.

Lakewood's programs focus intensely on reaching-out to homeless

and at-risk populations, especially unsheltered persons; assessing

their needs; and developing individualized housing stability and self-

sufficiency plans that transition individuals and families to stable,

permanent housing and independent living. During Program Year 1,

Lakewood will implement Emergency Shelter and Homelessness

Prevention programs utilizing FY15 ESG funds and unexpended FY14

"carry forward" funds.

5 Goal Name Increase Economic Opportunities

Goal

Description

Lakewood seeks to expand economic opportunities for persons of low-

moderate income; alleviate physical and economic distress; create

viable commercial areas by preventing their deterioration and

providing resources for their rehabilitation; and stimulate private

investment that will create and retain employment opportunities,

especially for low- and moderate-income residents. In FY15, the city

will continue to implement the Commercial Property Revitalization

Program in pursuit of these goals and objectives. Please refer to the

Projects section of this plan for additional information.


AP-35 Projects - 91.420, 91.220(d)

Introduction

In the Annual Action Plan, the jurisdiction must provide a concise summary of the actions,

activities, and programs that will take place during the program year to address the priority

needs and goals identified by the Strategic Plan. The City of Lakewood will implement the

following CDBG- and ESG-funded during Fiscal Year 2015.

# Project Name

1 Nuisance Rehabilitation

2 Childcare Scholarship Assistance Program

3 Park Improvements

4 Health Services

5 Senior Case Management Services

6 Home Weatherization Program

7 Housing Services

8 Repair Accessibility & Maintenance Program (RAMP)

9 Project Pride Code Enforcement

10 Paint Rebate Program

11 Low-Interest Home Rehabilitation Loan Program

12 Commercial Property Revitalization Program

13 Street Resurfacing & Water Main Replacement

14 Economic Development Fund

15 Employment Services Program

16 CDBG Planning & Administration

17 1st Time Home Buyer Down Payment Assistance Program

18 Section 108 Loan Repayment

19 Food Pantry

20 Property Revitalization Program

21 Victim Advocacy Program

22 HOME Program Activity Delivery

23 Nuisance Demolition Program

24 LMI Case Management Services

25 ESG15 Lakewood

Table 22 – Project Information


Describe the reasons for allocation priorities and obstacles to

addressing underserved needs. Reasons for Allocation Priorities

Key factors in determining allocation priorities include, but are not limited to:

Level of need determined by data collected and analyzed during preparation of the

Market Analysis and Needs Assessment components of the plan;

Feedback collected during the resident consultation process from members of

Lakewood's Citizen Advisory Committee; the community-at-large; elected officials;

city staff; and partner/sub-recipient organizations;

Availability (or lack thereof) and the ability to leverage additional resources to

address identified needs;

Local plans, data, and metrics (e.g. Lakewood's Community Vision Master Plan

Process, Housing Forward Initiative, Pavement Condition Ratings, Large Scale

Revitalization Efforts like Madison on the Move).

Obstacles to Addressing Underserved Needs

The primary obstacle to addressing underserved needs outlined in the Five-Year Plan is lack

of funding. Unfortunately, this has not only persists as the city’s main obstacle, it has

become an even greater hindrance as affordable housing, non-housing community

development, and public services needs increase while federal and other funding remains

stagnant or decreases. Lakewood continues to respond to this challenge by continuously,

and aggressively pursuing additional local, regional, state, and federal funding opportunities

as they arise.

Additional obstacles the city faces in meeting underserved needs include an aging housing

stock, the majority of which was built prior to 1925, in need of significant investments to

meet building code and housing quality standards; an insufficient supply of decent, safe,

accessible renter- and owner- housing affordable for lower-income families; residential

foreclosure and abandonment that exerts a blighting influence on otherwise stable

neighborhoods and depresses property values; and a significant elderly population in need

of increased outreach and support to continue "aging in place."


AP-38 Project Summaries


1 Project Name Nuisance Rehabilitation

Target Area

Goals Supported Improve, Maintain, and Expand Affordable Housing

Needs Addressed Affordable Housing

Funding CDBG: $60,000

Description When a homeowner with serious code violations (e.g. severely

dilapidated roof) that imminently threaten public health and

safety is unable or unwilling to invest in the property; cannot

obtain traditional financing; and is ineligible for participation in

city home rehabilitation programs, Lakewood’s Nuisance

Ordinance enables the city to declare the site blighted on a spot

basis then utilize the Nuisance Rehabilitation Program to

implement repairs necessary to protect public safety; enhance

neighborhood stability; and the sustain the integrity of the

structure until a change in ownership can be affected. A

Nuisance Lien is typically placed on the property to recoup

funds upon sale or transfer.

Target Date 12/31/2015

Estimate the number and type of families that will benefit from the proposed activities

Approximately 8 low-moderate income households will benefit

from this activity during FY15.

Location Description To Be Determined

Planned Activities Please refer to Project Description above.

2 Project Name Childcare Scholarship Assistance Program

Target Area

Goals Supported Provide Needed Public Services

Needs Addressed Non-homeless Persons with Special Needs



Description Administered by the Division of Youth, the Childcare Scholarship

Assistance Program provides means-tested, sliding-scale

subsidies in the form of a 40% or 50% scholarship paid directly

to licensed childcare centers on behalf of income-eligible

Lakewood families. Among the city’s long-standing, high priority

initiatives, this activity focuses CDBG resources on households

ineligible (over-income) for subsidies offered through a similar

program administered by Cuyahoga County.





Location Description Non-Applicable


Planned Activities Please refer to the Project Description above.

3 Project Name Park Improvements

Target Area

Goals Supported Revitalize Residential Neighborhoods

Needs Addressed Non-Housing Community Development

Funding $0 – Unexpended carry forward funds will be utilized.

Description Supports infrastructure improvements to public parks located in

Lakewood's low-mod areas and those serving areas comprised

of predominantly low-moderate income households.



To Be Determined. A Park Improvements project may be

implemented during FY15 utilizing unexpended CDBG carry

forward funds awarded in previous years.

Location Description Lakewood's CDBG-eligible public spaces and facilities.


4 Project Name Health Services

Target Area





Description Administered by North Coast Health, the Health Services

Program provide free primary and preventative medical care,

chronic disease management, prescription assistance, specialty

medical referrals, behavioral health counseling, and health

education services to uninsured, very-low income Lakewood

residents.



Approximately 950 low-moderate income households will

benefit from this activity during FY15.

Location Description North Coast Health

16110 Detroit Avenue

Lakewood, OH 44107


5 Project Name Senior Case Management Services

Target Area






Description Provides outreach, case management services, social work

interventions, service coordination, supervision, and community

resource referrals for Lakewood residents ages 62+ to

maximize their independence and ability to "age in place" with

specific emphasis on residents 75+ years of age; and very-

income seniors identified as particularly vulnerable. Primary

goals include increasing socialization; decreasing isolation;

reducing the incidence of elder abuse; facilitating linkages to

state and federal benefit programs and complementary

community-based services; and providing resources for

caretakers who may feel isolated and require assistance

themselves.



Approximately 275 low-moderate income senior households will


Location Description Non-Applicable.


6 Project Name Home Weatherization Program

Target Area




Description The Home Weatherization Program provides owner-occupants of

(1) to (3) family homes with up to $15,000 to implement

energy efficiency improvements. Qualified applicants must own

and occupy a Lakewood one-, two- or three- family property;

meet current low-moderate income guidelines; and be ineligible

(over-income) for participation in alternative energy efficiency

programs (e.g. Cuyahoga County HEAP and Weatherization

programs). All improvements must be identified by an Energy

Auditor; approved by the city; and performed by a licensed

contractor. Projects with costs of $5,000 or less receive an

outright grant while assistance is provided as a forgivable loan

for projects with costs between $5,000 and $15,000. Eligible

improvements include insulation, furnaces, hot water tanks, and

weather sealing.



Approximately 14 low-moderate income owner and renter

households will benefit from this activity during FY15.




7 Project Name Housing Services

Target Area





Description Administered by LakewoodAlive, the Housing Services Program

facilitates exterior home improvements and the correction of

code violations among low-moderate income homeowners and

property owners with low-moderate income tenants. CDBG

funds support LakewoodAlive's Housing Outreach Manager who

provides the following types of assistance: building code

education and compliance; property needs assessments;

project planning, budgeting and management; referral to and

assistance applying for city-sponsored and other rehabilitation

financing; and identifying qualified contractors.



Approximately 100 low-moderate income owner households will


Location Description LakewoodAlive

14701 Detroit Avenue

Lakewood, OH 44107


8 Project Name Repair Accessibility & Maintenance Program (RAMP)

Target Area




Description Administered by the Division of Community Development, RAMP

assists low- and very-low income residents who lack home

equity and have limited/fixed income and/or assets with

resources to implement property improvements that bring their

homes into exterior building code compliance and address

important safety, energy efficiency, and accessibility/visitability

concerns. While available citywide RAMP focuses, to the

greatest extent feasible, on Lakewood's historic Birdtown

district which includes the city’s poorest census tracts.








9 Project Name Project Pride Code Enforcement

Target Area




Description Through Project Pride, CDBG funds support Lakewood Division

of Building & Housing staff who conduct exterior inspections of

the approximately 5,200 residential and commercial structures

in designated low-moderate income and slum-blight areas to

ensure compliance with the city's building codes. When

violations are cited, Project Pride inspectors work closely with

the Division of Community Development and sub-recipient

LakewoodAlive to ensure eligible residents are referred to

programs that address their needs.







10 Project Name Paint Rebate Program

Target Area




Description The Paint Rebate Program, administered by LakewoodAlive,

supports the provision of rebates up to $2,500 to income-

eligible homeowners for materials, supplies, and labor costs

associated with lead-compliant exterior projects.








11 Project Name Low-Interest Home Rehabilitation Loan Program

Target Area




Description The Low-Interest Home Rehabilitation Loan & Grant Program

preserves and improves the City's housing stock by providing

below market Housing Rehabilitation Loans and Home

Improvement Grants to LMI Lakewood residents including a 0%

deferred loan product for high priority special needs populations

and an emergency loan product for those experiencing crises

that threaten their ability to remain housed. Lakewood's

Division of Community Development offers the following CDBG-

funded Low-Interest Loan (LIL) products to finance

improvements to one-, two-, and three-unit residential

structures.

Standard Home Improvement Loan: available to homeowners

below 80% AMI; 3% interest; loan term up to 20 years;

maximum $25,000.

Deferred Home Improvement Loan: available to homeowners

aged 65+; the permanently disabled (any age) below 50% AMI;

0% interest; no payments; maximum $25,000; repaid upon

sale/transfer or relocation of original applicant.

Rental Restoration Loan: available to owners of rental property

51% of whose tenants are below 80% AMI; 5% interest;

maximum $15,000 per unit; current tenants rent must remain

fixed for at least 2 years; loan term up to 10 years.

CDBG-funded low-interest loans are evaluated according to

standardized underwriting policies and procedures and must be

approved by the program's Loan Approval Board and secured by

a property lien. All work is carefully inspected and must meet

both Section 8 Housing Quality Standards and City Building

Code requirements.

If a homeowner agrees to a complete exterior property

inspection and subsequently corrects all exterior violations, the

CDBG-funded Home Improvement Grant Program (HIG)

program, which provides rebates up to $4,000 for eligible

expenses, can be combined with either the Deferred or

Standard Home Improvement loan products in the form of loan

forgiveness.








12 Project Name Commercial Property Revitalization Program

Target Area

Goals Supported Increase Economic Opportunities



Description The Commercial Property Revitalization (Storefront Renovation)

Program provides commercial property owners located in the

Lakewood’s Commercial Improvement Target Area (CITA) with

rebates of up to 40% of total project costs (maximum $30,000)

toward eligible facade and building code improvements.



Non-Applicable



13 Project Name Street Resurfacing & Water Main Replacement

Target Area




Description Administered by Lakewood's Department of Public Works, the

Street Resurfacing & Water Main Replacement Program utilizes

CDBG funds to repave dilapidated streets and replace degraded

water lines in the city's low-moderate income areas.



Approximately 918 total households, including approximately

594 low-moderate income households will benefit from this

activity during FY15.

Location Description 1. Coutant Avenue from Franklin to Detroit

2. Thrush Street from Halstead to Magee

3. Lark Street from Plover to Madison


14 Project Name Economic Development Fund

Target Area

Goals Supported Increase Economic Opportunities




Description Lakewood’s Economic Development Fund issues loans to for-

profit businesses expanding in or relocating to Lakewood in

exchange for the creation of jobs accessible to and suitable for

low-moderate income persons. EDF loans leverage significant

private investment and recipients must enter into a formal loan

agreement and submit semi-annual job creation reports.



To Be Determined. Lakewood may issue at least one Economic

Development Loan for the purpose of creating jobs for low-

moderate income people during FY15.



15 Project Name Employment Services Program

Target Area





Description Administered by Lakewood Community Services Center (LCSC)

in partnership with Towards Employment, the program provides

direct, intensive employment services for low- moderate income

individuals already participating in LCSC food and housing

programs. Clients undergo a thorough assessment to identify

strengths, abilities, experiences, challenges and barriers; work

closely with an Employment Specialist to create and implement

an Individualized Employment Plan; and participate in a Job

Club that focuses on job readiness, search and interviewing

skills; networking; and resume writing.





Location Description Lakewood Community Services Center

14230 Madison Avenue

Lakewood, OH 44107


16 Project Name CDBG Planning & Administration

Target Area

Goals Supported


Needs Addressed


Description Supports the planning and administration activities associated

with for the City of Lakewood's CDBG-funded programs,

including Fair Housing and Landlord-Tenant Services.



N/A

Location Description N/A


17 Project Name 1st Time Home Buyer Down Payment Assistance Program

Target Area




Description Provides low-moderate income first time homebuyers with a

0%, no monthly payment loan of up to $10,000 to support the

purchase of a single-family residence with a sales price between

$119,000 and $135,000. Funds may be used to cover up to

50% of the lender-required down payment and eligible fees.

Repayment in full is required upon sale or if the home ceases to

be the loan recipient's primary residence.







18 Project Name Section 108 Loan Repayment

Target Area

Goals Supported

Needs Addressed


Description Annual payments toward the city's Section 108 Loan obligation,

originally issued to fund ADA accessibility improvements to

Lakewood's Family YMCA including the removal of architectural

barriers that restrict elderly and disabled residents' capacity to

fully utilize this critical public facility.




Non-applicable.

Location Description N/A

Planned Activities N/A

19 Project Name Food Pantry

Target Area





Description The Food Pantry Program, administered by Lakewood

Community Services Center, provides very-low income

Lakewood residents with basic emergency food items and

delivers nutritious meals to people aged 62+ living in senior

housing.



Approximately 5,500 low-moderate income households will




Lakewood, OH 44107


20 Project Name Property Revitalization Program

Target Area




Description Administered by the Division of Community Development, the

Property Revitalization Program strategically acquires vacant,

distressed properties exerting a blighting influence and

depressing neighborhood property values; rehabilitates them to

a high, energy efficient standard; then markets and sells them

to income-eligible households.








21 Project Name Victim Advocacy Program

Target Area





Description Administered by the Domestic Violence & Child Advocacy

Center, the Victim Advocacy Program's Justice System Advocate

provides victims of domestic violence with cases pending in

Lakewood's Municipal Court with general guidance and support,

advocacy, court escorts, education, information, community

resource referrals, and ongoing case management services.



Approximately 100 low-income households victimized by

domestic violence will benefit from this activity during FY15.

Location Description Domestic Violence & Child Advocacy Center

2806 Payne Avenue

Cleveland, OH 44114


22 Project Name HOME Program Activity Delivery

Target Area




Description Supports CDBG-eligible activity delivery costs associated with

Lakewood's HOME-funded 1st Time Homebuyer Down Payment

Assistance, Housing Rehabilitation, and Housing Rehabilitation

Loan programs.







23 Project Name Nuisance Demolition Program

Target Area





Description A vital component of the city’s comprehensive community

development strategy, the Nuisance Demolition Program utilizes

Lakewood’s Nuisance Ordinance to acquire and raze structures

that imminently threaten public health and safety; depress

property values in otherwise stable neighborhoods; and are not

structurally and/or financially suitable for rehabilitation through

city-administered housing programs. The nuisance process

mandates notification of all interested parties regarding code

violations and provision of a reasonable time period to correct

them. If no action is taken within the specified time period the

structure is demolished at city expense.



Non-Applicable



24 Project Name LMI Case Management Services

Target Area





Description Supports the provision of Case Management Services - with a

keen focus on housing stability and sustained self-sufficiency -

for low-moderate income Lakewood residents earning between

30% - 80% AMI who are over-income for ESG-funded services

yet have serious, complex barriers to self-sufficiency.



Approximately 1,500 low-moderate income households will




Lakewood, OH 44107


25 Project Name ESG15 Lakewood

Target Area


Goals Supported Reduce Homelessness and At-Risk Homelessness

Needs Addressed Homelessness

Funding $140,000

Description Support ESG-eligible Emergency Shelter and Homelessness

Prevention services for very-low income Lakewood residents. A

small portion of Lakewood's annual ESG allocation, significantly

below the program's 7.5% cap, is utilized for program

administration.



Approximately 40 extremely-low income households will benefit

from Emergency Shelter services and approximately

250 extremely-low income households will benefit from

Homelessness Prevention Services during FY15.



Lakewood, OH 44107



AP-50-Geographic Distribution - 91.420, 91.220(f)

Description of the geographic areas of the entitlement (including

areas of low-income and minority concentration) where assistance will be directed.

Geographic areas of the entitlement where assistance will be directed include:

Areas of Low-Moderate Income Concentration

According to the 2006-2010 American Community Survey, Lakewood's (14) CDBG-eligible

block groups include: 160602-3, 160602-2, 1615-1, 1617-1, 1607-1, 1614-4, 1612-1,

1618-1, 1605-2, 1605-3, 1614-2, 1617-2, 1612-3, and 1615-4 and are comprised of

15,320 residents, 9,480 (61.9%) of whom are low-moderate income.

Slum-Blight Designated Areas

Lakewood's HUD-approved Slum Blight Areas (SBAs) include:

Commercial Improvement Target Area (CITA): encompasses the entirety of Detroit Avenue,

Madison Avenue, Berea Road, and West 117th Street in Lakewood.

Residential Improvement Target Area (RITA): comprised of approximately twenty (25)

residential street sections dispersed throughout the city and certified on the basis of tax and

slum-blight survey data.

Citywide Availability

Low-Moderate Income Limited Clientele (LMC) activities are available citywide to income-

eligible residents in need.

Low-Moderate Income Housing (LMH) activities maintain, improve, and expand affordable

housing occupied by income-eligible households city-wide, regardless of geographic

location.

Areas of Minority Concentration

A concentration of racial/ethnic persons or low-income households can be defined as

person/household racial or income types that occur in an area at a greater rate (10

percentage points or greater) than the person/household types for the City of Lakewood as

a whole. Of the 52,674 persons in Lakewood, 5.99% (3,154 persons) were Black or African

American. Using this definition of “concentration,” there is not a 15.99% or greater

“concentration” of Black or African Americans living in any of Lakewood's Census Tracts.


Rationale for the priorities for allocating investments geographically

Lakewood's rationale for allocating investments geographically is determined by the

following CDBG National Objective and activity eligibility requirements:

Low-Mod Income Area (LMA) activities are restricted to Lakewood's fourteen (14) CDBG-eligible Block Groups.

Slum Blight Area (SBA) activities are concentrated in Lakewood's HUD-approved Commercial Improvement Target Area (CITA) and Residential Improvement Target Area (RITA).

Slum-Blight Spot Basis (SBS) activities including Lakewood's Nuisance Demolition and Nuisance Rehabilitation programs address severely distressed residential properties outside of designated SBAs that pose a threat to public health and safety; exert a blighting influence; and depress property values.

Low-Moderate Income Limited Clientele (LMC) activities are available to income-eligible residents citywide, regardless of geographic location. (also applies to ESG-funded activities).

Low-Moderate Income Housing (LMH) activities maintain, improve, and expand affordable housing occupied by income-eligible households city-wide, regardless of geographic location.

Low-Moderate Income Job Creation (LMJ) activities target businesses citywide with special emphasis on the city’s Commercial Improvement Target Area corridors.


AP-65 Homeless and Other Special Needs Activities - 91.420, 91.220(i) (To Be Inserted Prior to Final Submission)

Introduction

Describe the jurisdictions one-year goals and actions for reducing

and ending homelessness including reaching out to homeless persons (especially unsheltered persons) and assessing their

individual needs.

Addressing the emergency shelter and transitional housing needs of homeless persons.

Helping homeless persons (especially chronically homeless

individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth) make the transition to

permanent housing and independent living, including shortening the period of time that individuals and families experience

homelessness, facilitating access for homeless individuals and families to affordable housing units, and preventing individuals and

families who were recently homeless from becoming homeless again.

Helping low-income individuals and families avoid becoming

homeless, especially extremely low-income individuals and families and those who are: being discharged from publicly funded

institutions and systems of care (such as health care facilities, mental health facilities, foster care and other youth facilities, and

corrections programs and institutions) or, receiving assistance from public or private agencies that address housing, health, social

services, employment, education, or youth needs.


AP-85 Other Actions - 91.420, 91.220(k)

Actions planned to address obstacles to meeting underserved needs.

Strategies deployed by the city to overcome the obstacle of limited financial resources

include:

Prudent administration and the expenditure of HUD funding under the careful

management of Planning & Development Department staff and the active

involvement/oversight of the Citizens Advisory Committee;

In response to funding reductions, all Lakewood departments and divisions are

becoming more efficient through the application of technology; organic staff

attrition; and an intentional reduction in the number of directors and managers in

favor of more, high quality line staff that provide excellent customer service for

residents;

Lakewood’s citywide LEAN Six Sigma Initiative, predicated on "kaizen" (a Japanese

word meaning "many small changes for the better") is deconstructing, carefully

analyzing, and remaking city departments and divisions to achieve continuous

process improvements, heightened efficiency, decreasing waste, and reducing costs.

The ongoing, aggressive pursuit of non-federal resources to bolster housing and

community development programs as evidenced by providing CDBG funding support

for a part-time Grant Writer. Lakewood’s Development Officer also has more than

(15) years of successful government, foundation and corporate fundraising

experience;

Strategically managing and scheduling infrastructure projects to realize economies of

scale and lower costs as evidenced by the Department of Public Works’ routine

negotiation of volume discounts on materials by simultaneously implementing

multiple, complementary projects;

Allocating the maximum 15% of Lakewood’s annual CDBG award to fund Public

Services activities that address identified needs of underserved populations;

Requiring sub-recipients to leverage CDBG and match ESG dollars with as much of

their own and other resources as possible;

Ensuring CDBG-funded economic development and housing rehabilitation loans

maximize opportunities to leverage private homeowner funds;

Creatively combining federal funding sources (e.g. CDBG and HOME) and partnering with not-for-profit developers like Habitat for Humanity to enable otherwise financially infeasible affordable housing projects;

Utilizing the power of technology to increase efficiency and productivity and operate

on as “paperless” as basis as possible.


Ongoing efforts to stabilize neighborhoods and increase housing affordability that mitigate, to the greatest extent feasible, the impact of insufficient financial resources include:

Financing the rehabilitation, development, and reconstruction of decent, safe,

accessible affordable owner- and renter-occupied housing units with particular focus

on high priority sub-populations identified in the Consolidated Plan;

Partnering with local, regional, and national organizations to address issues of

foreclosure and abandonment and demolishing as many nuisance structures as

possible

Aggressively pursuing the goals and objectives of and funding resources for the city’s

Housing Forward Initiative as well economic development projects in commercial

districts along Madison and Detroit avenues that together are revitalizing

neighborhoods, stimulating the local economy, and spurring job growth;

Increasing housing affordability by integrating, to the greatest extent feasible,

accessibility, safety, and energy efficiency measures into city-funded housing

construction and rehabilitation projects;

Implementing aggressive, comprehensive building code enforcement and offering

low-interest loans and outright grants for income-eligible residents enabling them to

bring their homes up to code and current standards.

Actions planned to foster and maintain affordable housing.

The following Lakewood programs foster and maintain affordable housing for income-eligible

residents with specific emphasis on CDBG-eligible LMAs and SBAs and High Priority sub-

populations.

Repair, Accessibility & Maintenance Program

Low-Interest Housing Rehabilitation Loan & Grant Program (including temporarily

and permanently deferred loan payment options)

HOME- & CDBG-Funded First-Time Homeowner Down Payment Assistance

HOME-Funded Housing Rehabilitation Loans

HOME-Funded Housing Rehabilitation Program

Weatherization Assistance

NSP-Funded Home Rehabilitation Program

Housing Outreach & Advocacy Services

Paint Rebate Program

Lakewood also continues to support critical Public Services programs for LMI residents and

special needs populations with the maximum allowable 15% of the city's annual CDBG

award including health care, childcare subsidies, employment services, and a food pantry.

These programs reduce overall living expenses enabling households to devote a greater

portion of their disposable income toward housing expenses.


Actions planned to reduce lead-based paint hazards.

Lakewood recognizes that lead poisoning disproportionately impacts LMI families, many of

whom live in dilapidated housing and cannot afford to properly remediate lead hazards. As

such, the following actions will be taken to evaluate and reduce lead-based paint hazards

with the goal of reducing the number of child lead poisoning cases.

Diligent enforcement of all federal lead regulations as well as city ordinances that

strictly regulate the removal, containment, and disposal of lead paint debris.

Lakewood is in full compliance with Title X of the Housing and Community

Development Act of 1992, which amended the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning

Prevention Act of 1971, thereby implementing sections 1012 and 1013;

Public awareness and education regarding the health risks associated with lead

exposure and how to remediate them;

Lakewood’s Division of Health administers a city-funded child lead testing program.

Parents may also access these services through the Cuyahoga County Department of

Health or have children tested by a private physician or clinic;

All applicants for city-funded home rehab assistance receive written information

about lead paint titled “What Everyone Should Know About Lead Paint Poisoning and

Lead Paint: A Threat to Your Child.” If a child less than six years of age lives in the

property he/she must be lead tested;

All Division of Community Development Project Specialists, who are responsible for

inspecting city-funded rehabilitation work, are state-licensed Lead Risk Assessors

and check for defective paint surfaces during the required inspection process;

All painting contractors on city-funded projects are required to complete Lead-Safe

Work Practices training and must file a certificate of completion with the city prior to

beginning work. Moreover, they are required to contain paint debris, completely tarp

surrounding surface areas, and remove and properly dispose of paint chips on a daily

basis. Sandblasting, power washing, and machine sanding are prohibited.

Contractors participating in the city’s Lead Remediation Program must be licensed by

the State of Ohio;

Lakewood Ordinance 28-93 strengthened paint removal regulations for both

contractors and individual homeowners. It states that no mechanical or power

method of removing paint can be used if the concentration of lead equals or exceeds

1mg/cm, the current federally-recognized maximum acceptable concentration;


City construction management staff are thoroughly and continuously educated

regarding lead-based paint requirements, particularly in the context of federal

housing programs;

Every effort is made to garner leveraged and matching funds to support the city’s

lead abatement efforts including significant Cuyahoga County Lead Abatement

Program resources;

All units occupied by persons receiving ESG rental assistance with children less than

seven (7) years of age receive a lead inspection.

All rental housing units receiving ESG rental assistance occupied by families with

children less than 6 years of age receive lead safety inspections and the city’s

emergency shelter space, renovated with ESG resources, is also certified as lead

safe.

Actions planned to reduce the number of poverty-level families.

Lakewood aspires to create and maintain a community of support that provides a high

quality of life and a solid platform for success and upward mobility. The city utilizes its

CDBG, ESG, and HOME funding as well as resources leveraged from other public and private

sources to reduce the number of impoverished families; prevent additional households from

falling into or becoming entrenched in poverty; and stemming the tide of intergenerational

poverty.

Lakewood’s multi-dimensional anti-poverty framework is comprised of, but not limited to,

the following strategies and predicated on creating economic opportunities then empowering

people to access them. Particular emphasis is placed on the community’s most vulnerable

residents – the elderly, children, the disabled, single-mothers, victims of domestic violence,

the homeless, and those at imminent risk of homelessness.

Expand Lakewood’s economic base to revitalize neighborhoods, invigorate

communities, and generate employment opportunities that help lower-income

families become self-sufficient and both obtain and sustain affordable housing;

Invest in proven Public Services programs that create a strong social safety net and

directly serve the needs of impoverished and working poor residents including early

childhood programs vital to breaking the cycle of poverty;

Implement cutting-edge economic development strategies utilizing both federal and

non-federal resources to attract, retain, and expand local businesses and improve

job opportunities for low-income residents;

Facilitate homeownership among lower-income households as an asset-building

strategy and platform for upward mobility;

Offer low-income residents deferred loans and outright grants to implement

emergency repairs that prevent homelessness;


Promote and provide resources to achieve greater energy efficiency that lowers

utility bills for low-income residents including referring eligible households to

programs that offer free or subsidized weatherization services;

Expand public transportation options that enable lower-income people to obtain and

retain employment and access educational and training opportunities;

Enforce federal programs and policies that create economic opportunity and sustain a

living wage (Section 3, Davis Bacon, MBE);

Evaluate federal funding proposals on their capacity to alleviate poverty;

Participate fully in regional anti-poverty efforts including the Cleveland/Cuyahoga

Continuum of Care and the Northeast Ohio Sustainable Communities Consortium;

Ensure housing units are lead safe to prevent the devastating health and financial

consequences of childhood lead poisoning;

Continue to attract local accessible, affordable higher education options for lower-

income residents seeking to climb the socio-economic ladder (e.g. University of

Akron Lakewood);

Enforce fair housing laws to ensure equal housing opportunity without regard to race,

color, religion, nation origin, age, gender, or disability;

Continue to engage lower-income residents in anti-poverty planning, policy

development, service delivery, and program evaluation.

Finally, while Lakewood utilizes 100% of its ESG funds and the maximum 15% of its CDBG

resources to fund activities that serve non-homeless special needs populations, and persons

at-risk of and experiencing homelessness, these services are primarily provided by

organizations working on a countywide basis through the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County

Continuum of Care (C of C) and receive significant ongoing financial support from a

countywide health and human services property tax levy.

Actions planned to develop institutional structure. Lakewood’s Department of Planning & Development (DPD) is the lead entity responsible for

planning, administering, monitoring, evaluating, and submitting reports regarding the city’s

federally-funded programs. Funded activities are implemented by experienced sub-

recipients comprised of city departments/divisions and local not-for-profit agencies selected

through a competitive public process overseen by Lakewood’s Citizen Advisory Committee

(CAC). The city’s Development Officer is charged with accurately and efficiently

administering federal funds in accordance with all applicable rules and regulations.


Lakewood administers federal funds and programs are administered in partnership with a

diverse coalition of partners including sub-recipients (city departments/divisions and

external not-for-profit agencies); regional entities; social services agencies; faith-based

organizations; private lenders; developers; municipalities (particularly those bordering

Lakewood); and government (county, state, federal) agencies. Lakewood’s Citizen Advisory

Committee (CAC) and city residents are continuously apprised of and involved in decisions

regarding the allocation and expenditure of federal funds.

Lakewood’s Mayor, a graduate of Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management,

is a devotee of Kaizan. Japanese for "improvement" or "change for the better," Kaizan is a

set of practices that focus upon continuous improvement of processes in manufacturing,

engineering, and business management. The city received a grant from the Ohio Local

Government Innovation Fund to train all staff in Lean Six Sigma techniques. The application

of these principles is increasing efficiency and decreasing waste citywide.

Lakewood is committed to acquiring the fundamental, contextual data required to make

sound planning and resource allocation decisions. This is demonstrated by Housing Forward,

the city’s comprehensive, long-term strategic housing initiative. Fundamental to ongoing

community development efforts, it serves as a critical blueprint upon which to base planning

decisions that is unquestionably improving the city’s ability to effectively target the

allocation of federal and other resources and increase their impact in the community.

Through Housing Forward, all of the city’s approximately 12,700 one-, two- and three-

family residential structures, including the over 4,000 structures in low-mod areas, are

visually inspected and assigned a condition rating approximately every 18 months. Owners

of properties with code violations are notified regarding improvements and repairs

necessary to bring their homes up to code and those who qualified were encouraged to

participate in both CDBG-funded and other community-based home repair programs. When

re-surveyed after 6 months, the city’s 1,741 problem properties had been reduced by nearly

50% to 910.

Actions planned to enhance coordination between public and private housing and social service agencies.

Because identifying and meeting the needs of low-income and homeless populations and

effectively addressing High Priority Consolidated Plan housing and non-housing community

development needs requires intense communication and cooperation among public, private,

and not-for-profit organizations, Lakewood places great emphasis on creating, maintaining,

and nurturing a strong network of local, regional, state, national, and international

partnerships.

The city enjoys effective working relationships with a broad cross-section housing,

community development, and social services agencies, enabling staff to gather and benefit

from a variety of perspectives, attain novel problem solving insights, build upon successful

efforts, and leverage additional resources. The diverse coalition built to facilitate the

achievement of Consolidated Plan goals and objectives encompasses faith-based

organizations, social services providers, private lenders, developers, and government

agencies.


In accordance with Con Plan requirements, Lakewood consults with the following types of

public and private agencies, groups, and organizations during its five- and one-year

planning processes: Affordable Housing, Homelessness, Economic Development, Health

Care, Mental Health/Addiction, Social Services, Victim Advocacy, Employment, Youth,

Senior Citizen, Education, Lead Safe Housing, Fair Housing, Business Community,

Institutions & Systems of Care, Municipalities, and Metropolitan/Regional Bodies.

Finally, Lakewood’s Madison on the Move Streetscape Project is an outstanding example of

inter-governmental and inter-organizational partnership that has garnered substantial

federal, state, county, city, and private funding and relies on partnerships with local,

regional, state and federal agencies. Lakewood citizens are deeply and continuously

involved in the project’s planning and implementation through participation in the Mobility

Committee of the Community Vision Master Plan development process.


Program Specific Requirements AP-90 Program Specific Requirements - 91.420,

91.220(l)(1,2,4)

Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG) Reference 24 CFR 91.220(l)(1)

Introduction

Projects planned with all CDBG funds expected to be available during the year are identified

in the Projects Table. The following identifies program income that is available for use that

is included in projects to be carried out.

Program Income data will be included prior to final submission.

Program Income

1. The total amount of program income that will have been received before the start of

the next program year and that has not yet been reprogrammed

2. The amount of proceeds from section 108 loan guarantees that will be used during the

year to address the priority needs and specific objectives identified in the grantee's

strategic plan.

3. The amount of surplus funds from urban renewal settlements

4. The amount of any grant funds returned to the line of credit for which the planned use

has not been included in a prior statement or plan

5. The amount of income from float-funded activities

Total Program Income:

Other CDBG Requirements

1. The amount of urgent need activities 0

2. The estimated percentage of CDBG funds that will be used for activities

that benefit persons of low and moderate income. Overall Benefit - A

consecutive period of one, two or three years may be used to determine

that a minimum overall benefit of 70% of CDBG funds is used to benefit

persons of low and moderate income. Specify the years covered that

include this Annual Action Plan. 88.64%


Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) Reference 91.220(l)(4)

Include written standards for providing ESG assistance.

To Be Attached Prior to Final Submission.

Available Upon Request from Lakewood's Department of Planning & Development.

If the Continuum of Care (CoC) has established centralized or coordinated assessment system that meets HUD requirements, describe that centralized or coordinated assessment system.

The CoC implemented Coordinated Assessment & Intake (CA/I) for Men in FY 2009, and for single women and families system wide in FY 2012. CA/I enables the CoC to use limited resources most effectively, by matching client need with CoC resources. CA/I permits a single door of entry at which a standardized HMIS assessment form is utilized, promoting consistency and quality of data entry and outcomes. CA/I enables every household seeking shelter to have the opportunity to be assessed for Diversion – an intervention to keep the household from entering the shelter system. CA/I assures that all CoC funded beds are available and being used by literally homeless persons. CA/I permits the CoC to assess housing barriers for each household and recommend an exit housing plan to be implemented by the receiving shelter; CA/I enables the CoC to track the RRH and PSH referrals as referred by CA/I. CA/I has been a mechanism for eliminating barriers to CoC funded shelters and TH programs.

Identify the process for making sub-awards and describe how the ESG allocation available to private nonprofit organizations (including community and faith-based organizations).

Lakewood’s Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC) is the cornerstone of the city’s public engagement process. Created by statute per CDBG regulations (§ 91.105), the CAC is comprised of (17) members appointed jointly by the Mayor (9 members) and City Council (8 members). The CAC reviews and prioritizes ESG funding requests submitted by external not-for-profit agencies according to standardized criteria that ensure proposed activities effectively address the needs of the homelessness and those at-risk of homelessness; comply with federal requirements and regulations; and comport with Lakewood’s Five Year Plan. All applicants must submit a written application including, but not limited to: data-based statement of community need, descriptions of proposed activities and the requesting entity, demonstration of organizational experience and capacity to responsibly and transparently administer federal funds in compliance with HUD regulations, key documents (audit/financials, annual report, Articles of Incorporation, proof of non-profit status, licenses and accreditations, board list), a detailed program budget (including matching and/or leveraged funds), evidence of compliance with CDBG/ESG requirements (National Objective, activity eligibility and performance measure/outcome), and conformity with Consolidated Plan goals and objectives, performance measurement approach, anticipated benefits/outcomes, project timeline and staffing plan.


Applicants must also defend their written proposals with a 15-minute oral presentation

before the Committee explaining proposed uses for federal funds. Following each

presentation, Committee members ask questions or request additional information

regarding the proposed activity.

CAC ESG allocation recommendations are submitted to City Council for deliberation and

approval by formal resolution. Following Council approval, funding recommendations are

incorporated into the city’s One-Year Action Plan for submission to HUD as the city’s official

request for ESG funding for the upcoming fiscal year.

If the jurisdiction is unable to meet the homeless participation requirement in 24 CFR 576.405(a), the jurisdiction must specify its

plan for reaching out to and consulting with homeless or formerly homeless individuals in considering policies and funding decisions

regarding facilities and services funded under ESG.

Per § 576.405(b) of the ESG Interim Rule, Lakewood and its sub-recipients consult with

homeless and formerly homeless individuals and families in considering and making policies

and decisions regarding ESG-funded facilities, services, and other assistance. In addition,

these constituencies are deeply involved in the jurisdiction’s Continuum of Care homeless

planning process.

Sub-recipients are required to actively and routinely solicit client feedback on services

received at their facilities through surveys and opportunities to provide anonymous

comments and suggestions. They also must provide for the participation of not less than

one homeless or formerly homeless individual on their board of directors or an equivalent

body. If the agency is unable to meet this requirement, it must develop and implement a

plan to consult with homeless or formerly homeless individuals in making decisions

regarding proposed uses of ESG funds.

Describe performance standards for evaluating ESG.

Lakewood will carefully document and track via the HMIS each program participant’s

circumstances at program entry, the amount and type of services provided, and the

household’s situation at program exit. Following consultation with the CoC, the following

Performance Indicators will be used to gauge the effectiveness of its ESG-funded programs.

Number of Households Receiving Assistance

Number of Households Prevented from Becoming Homeless

Number of Households Covered by the HMIS

Percentage of Participants Obtaining Other Appropriate Benefits

Percentage of Participants Obtaining Other Appropriate Supportive Services

Percentage of Participants with Reduced Barriers to Housing Stability

Percentage of Participants with Increased Housing Options & Related Services

Percentage of Participants Stably Housed at 12 Months

Percentage of Participants with Same or Increased Income

hud consolidated plan and strategies - lakewood...hud consolidated plan and strategies five-year...

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