human anatomy & physiology instructor: jeff hargett biology 2121
TRANSCRIPT
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Human Anatomy & Physiology
Instructor: Jeff HargettBiology 2121
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Important Information Email: [email protected] Background:
Full-Time Experience 28 years (Rome High)
Part-Time Experience 12 years (Floyd College)
Syllabus: On the web at: http://www.floyd.edu/academics/divisions/smpe/biology/jhargett/hargett.htm
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Introduction: Anatomy
Study of the structure of living organisms surface anatomy gross anatomy embryology cytology histology
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Physiology
Study of the function of body parts cell physiology pathophysiology exercise physiology immunology
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Body Systems Integumentary system- external
support and protection of the body Skeletal system - internal support
and flexible framework for body movement
Muscular system - production of body movement and body heat
Respiratory system- gas exchange between environment and blood
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Nervous system- controls and regulates all other systems of the body
Circulatory - transport of nutrients to body cells and waste products away from cells
Lymphatic system- body immunity and absorption of fats
Endocrine system- secretion of hormones
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Urinary system - blood filtration and waste removal
Digestive system- breakdown and absorption of food
Reproductive system - production of egg and sperm as well as secretion of the sex hormones
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Organization of Life
Structural Levels chemical cellular tissue organs organ systems
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What is Life?Characteristics of Life
Organization Metabolism
catabolism anabolism
Responsiveness
Movement Growth Differentiatio
n Reproduction Homeostasis
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“Homeostasis”
Constancy Within Narrow Limits
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Feedback Loops
Negative feedback systems reverses original stimulus helps stabilize situation
Positive feedback systems enhancement of original stimulus
amplify/reinforce change
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Anatomical Terminology
Antatomical Position Regional Terms
Axial Appendicular
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Body Planes
Sagittal Midsagittal (Median) Parasagittal
Frontal (Coronal) Transverse (Cross Section) Oblique
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Body Cavities Dorsal
Cranial Vertebral (Spinal)
Ventral Thoracic
Right & Left PleuralMediastinum (Pericardial)
Abdominopelvic
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Abdominopelvic Subdivisions Abdominal Pelvic Quadrants Regions
Epigastric Umbilical Hypogastric Right & Left Hypochondriac Right & Left Lumbar Right & Left Iliac (inguinal)
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Directional Terminology
Superior / Inferior Anterior (ventral) / Posterior
(dorsal) Medial / Lateral / Intermediate Proximal / Distal Superficial / Deep
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Regional Terms Abdominal - anterior torso below
diaphragm Antebrachium - forearm Antecubital - Depressed area in
front of elbow
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Arm - upper extremity between shoulder and elbow
Axillary - armpit Brachial - arm Buccal - mouth Carpal - wrist Cephalic - head Cervical - neck
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Costal - ribs Cranial - skull Crural - leg Cubital - elbow Cutaneous - skin Digital - fingers or toes Dorsum or dorsal - back
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Epigastric - upper middle area of abdomen
Facial - face Femoral - thigh Frontal - forehead Forearm - upper extremity between
elbow and wrist Gluteal - buttocks
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Groin - root of thigh between torso and leg
Inguinal - groin Leg - Lower extremity between
knee and ankle Lumbar - Lower back Mammary - breast
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Mastoid - Area of skull below and behind ear
Occipital - Back of lower skull Palmar - Palm of hand Pectoral - chest Pedal - foot Pelvic - lower torso
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Perineal - area between anus and genitals
Precordial - chest area over heart Plantar - sole of foot Popliteal - behind knee Supraclavicular - above collar
bone Tarsal - ankle
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Temporal - side of skull Thoracic - chest Umbilical - area around umbilicus
(navel) Volar - palm or sole