Human Biology B – Mrs. Yates Disclosure Parent Permission Slip Rules

Be on time Respect - talking No cell phones No complaining Don’t misuse hall pass

SKELETAL SYSTEMHuman B – Mrs. Yates

Human skeleton from Andreas Vesalius's Fabrica (1543)

Bell Quiz Day 1

1. How many bones do you think are in the human body?

2. What is your largest bone? 3. What is your smallest bone? 4. Name five bones that you already

know 5. How many bones are you born with?

Bell Quiz Day 2 Define the following:

Anterior Lateral Posterior Sagittal

Define the following vocab words: Corac Carp Cervic Cox Condyl

Vocabulary

1. aur- 10. arthr(o)- 2. –poiesis 11. carp- 3. brachi- 12. cervic 4. oss- 13. dia- 5. burso 14. cox(a), pelv 6. –genesis 15. dactyl, digit 7. ax- 16. fov- 8. front- 17. scolio 9. corac- 18. condyl-

Aur Ear Auricle

Poiesis Production

Brachi Arm

Oss Bone

Burs(o) Bursa

Genesis Born, beginning

Ax Axis Axilla

Front Forehead Frontis

Arthr (o) Joint Arthrodia

Carp Wrist Carpal Tunnel

Cervic Pertaining to neck

cervix

Dia Across, through

Diachronic

Cox, pelv Hip, hip joint

Coxodynia

Fov Pit Fovea

Scolio Twisted Scoliosis

Corac Beak like Coracoid process

Condyl Knob

Dactyl Finger, toes

Axial Skeleton

Skull

Ribs

Vertebrae

Skull – 22 bones

Two parts Cranium bones - 8 Facial bones -14

Not fully developed at birth

Thickness ~ 2 mm

Frontal Male 2.954mm

Female 2.019mm

Occipital Male 3.573mm

Female 2.972mm

Right euryon Male

1.838mm

Female 1.961mm

Left euryon Male

1.724mm

Female 1.537mm

Cranium (8)– bones that enclose the brain

Cranium

A. Frontal bone B. Parietal bone (paired) C. Occipital bone D. Temporal bone (paired) E. Sphenoid (connects cranium to facial) F. Ethmoid (roof and sides of the nasal

passage)

Facial – (14) Bones not enclosing brain

Facial

G. Lacrimal (2) H. Nasal Bone (2) I. Zygomatic (2) Cheek bones J. Maxilla (2) upper jaw K. Mandible *Only movable joint in

the skull. M. Vomer – Nasal Septum Bone N. Palatine (2)

Color Code the Brain A-L and sutures (a,b,c)

Frontal Bone

Contains 2 sinuses

Frontal - damage

A) before surgery B) CT scans C) during surgery D) reconstruction

of frontal plates E) two years after

surgery

Parietal Bone - 2

Unusually aggressive forms of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are being increasingly recognized as a complication of HIV infection. We report the case of a 59-year-old male patient with advanced HIV infection who presented with a highly aggressive SCC lesion over the scalp area with destruction of the underlying parietal bone and fulminant clinical progression.

Occipital Bone

War of the roses - 1491

Temporal - 2

Temporal- Occipital region

Sphenoid (pg. 139) Batman Bone Contains sinuses

Ethmoid bone

Upper portion of nasal septum Contains sinuses

Vomer bone

Bottom part of nasal septum

Sutures (a,b,c)

Lines where bones meet, immovable joints.

Fontanels

Soft spots with no bones when babies are born. (Connective tissue)

As a fetus develops, its brain grows rapidly. The skull is growing as well but can not keep up. Fusion of the bones begins, but will complete after birth. A new born generally has 2 frontal bones, 4 occipital bones, and several sphenoid and temporal bones. These bones are held together by fontanels.

Foramen Magnum

Opening in occipital bone for spinal cord exit.

External Auditory Meatus

Opening in temporal bone for ear canals

Styloid Process

Sharp bone projection to help anchor muscles association with the tongue.

Mastoid Process

Projection from skull

Facial Bones

Lacrimal (2)

Thin and scale like Fragile Near tear ducts

Nasal Bone (2)

Two rectangles that form the bridge of the nose

Zygomatic Bone (2)

Cheek bones. ‘Zygomatic

Arch’ connects to the temporal bone.

Maxilla (2)

Form the floor of the nasal cavity and the roof of the oral cavity (hard palate).

Upper jaw

Mandible

Only moveable face bone

Ossicles

Bones of the ear Smallest bones in

body

Malleus Incus Stapes

Hammer Anvil Stirrup

Hyoid

Attachment for movement of the tongue

doesn’t touch any other bones

Only floating bone