human development (9) 1. issues in developmental psychology 2. stage theories of development 3....
TRANSCRIPT
Human Development (9)
1. Issues in Developmental Psychology2. Stage Theories of Development3. Heredity and Prenatal Development4. Infancy, Early and Middle Childhood5. Adolescence6. Early and Middle Adulthood7. Later Adulthood
What is Development?
• Development• the pattern of movement or change that begins at
conception and continues through the life span
• Biological processes• Cognitive processes• Socio-emotional processes• Nature vs. Nurture• Continuity vs. Discontinuity
Biological Development Step 1
MomX X
DadX Y
X X Girl
X X Girl
X Y Boy
X Y Boy
Momblue blue
Dadblue brown
blue blue = blue eyes
blue blue = blueeyes
blue brown = brown eyes
blue brown = brown eyes
Biological Development Steps 2 – 5
Step 2: zygote
Step 3: blastocyst
Step 4: embryo
Step 5: fetus
Fetal Development web site
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
• Sensorimotor (0-2 ) • Preoperational (2-7 ) • Concrete Operations (7-12) • Formal Operations (12+)
• Video on Piaget
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
Trust vs. mistrust (0-1) Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (1-3) Initiative vs. guilt (3-6) Industry vs. inferiority (6-11) Identity vs. role confusion (11-22) Intimacy vs. isolation (22-40) Generativity vs. stagnation (40-65) Integrity vs. despair (65+)
Parenting Styles
• Authoritarian • Authoritative • Permissive or Laissez-faire
• The goal of discipline? Self-discipline!
Ainsworth’s Theory of Attachment
• Securely attached (65% of American Infants)• Avoidant attachment (20% of American Infants)• Resistant Attachment (10-15% of American
Infants)• Disorganized/disoriented attachment (5-10% of
American Infants.
• Monkey study link
Adolescence
Adolescent Egocentrism• Imaginary Audience • Personal Fable • Invulnerability Fable
Late Adulthood• Crystallized Intelligence • Fluid Intelligence
Aging and cognitive function
• Senile dementia (senility)• Alzheimer’s Disease • High blood pressure and memory• Keep up those skills!• Life expectancy quiz