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human rights and marginal : an analysis

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 [email protected] Human Rights and Marginalised: An analysis*  Binu Raj “We must try to proceed with the analysis of ourselves as beings who are historically determined, to a certain extent, by the  Enlightenment. Such an analysis implies a series of historical inquiries that are as precise as possible; and these inquiries will not be oriented retrospectively towards the ‘essential kernel of rationality’ that can be found in the Enlightenment and that would have to be preserved in any event; they well be oriented towards the ‘contemporary limits of the necessary,’ that is, towards what is no longer indispensible for the constitution of ourselves as an autonomous subjects.” —Michel Foucault Coinages/concerns over humanism, marginalisation, national, global and other likes are all made into effect only with the consensus of modernity. Throughout its long history, modernity, in all its guises, has been characterized by the tension between impulses which were critical or sceptical-destructive or negative impulses-and other impulses which were more positive, affirmative-impulses of hope and longing. 1 It is to be noted that the philosophical discourse of modernity has continued down to the present and has various defining moments for it. Modernism here is as much an antidote to modernity as it is to its party-programme. Various consensus over ‘Human Rights and Marginalised’ at ‘popular’ domain can be better understood from the impulses unleashed by modernity; ‘materialised’ from the various defining moments of modernity. Ideas emanated from the notion/usage ‘Human Rights and Marginalised’ has its historical bearing, and one may observe that in this process it has certain reflective relation to the present. Both the ‘historicity’ of the notions in its formation and its reflexive relation to the present is to certain extent the context of present analysis. The present paper in this respect tries to critically analyse the episteme that enable the subject to identify various concepts and concerns like that of Human Rights, marginalisation, so on. *The paper was presented in the UGC sponsored national seminar on “State, Human Rights and The Marginalised”,13 to 15 th  August 2010, SSV College, Valayanchirangara, state of Kerala, India. 1  Lloyd Spencer, “Postmodernism, Modernity, and The Tradition of Dissent”, in Stuart Sim(ed), The Routledge Companion To Postmodernism , Routledge, London, 2001.p.161.

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