human rights-based approach to development programming 2-day training course 6 – 7 may 2013
TRANSCRIPT
Human rights-based approach to development programming
2-day training course6 – 7 May 2013
6 May: Programme
08.30 – 09.00 Morning coffee/tea and croissants
09.00 – 09.30 Introduction and presentation of the programme
09.30 – 09.45 Voices of the Poor
09.45 – 10.30 What is a HRBA ?
10.30 – 10.45 Coffee/tea
10.45 – 12.30 The human rights system
12.30– 13.30 Lunch
13.30 – 14.00 Summing up group work
14.00 – 14.30 Introduction of HRBA to the 4 steps in the project cycle
14.30 – 14.45 Coffee/Tea
14.45 – 15.30 Group work on HURBA-land – Task 1
15.30 – 16.00 Questions and discussion
What is poverty?
• Write on Post-Its the typical features of a poor person
Voices of the Poor
"Poverty is lack of freedom, enslaved by crushing daily burden, by depression and fear of what the future will bring." — Georgia
"If you want to do something and have no power to do it, it is talauchi (poverty)." — Nigeria
"Lack of work worries me. My children were hungry and I told them the rice is cooking, until they fell asleep from hunger." — an older man from Bedsa, Egypt.
"For a poor person everything is terrible - illness, humiliation, shame. We are cripples; we are afraid of everything; we depend on everyone. No one needs us. We are like garbage that everyone wants to get rid of." — a blind woman from
Tiraspol, Moldova
"When one is poor, she has no say in public, she feels inferior. She has no food, so there is famine in her house; no clothing, and no progress in her family." — a
woman from Uganda
Examples mentioned by poor people to increase their freedom of choice and improve their lives
Material assets Employment, ownership of assets, land, house Right to work (Art. 23)Right to property (Art. 17)
Bodily health Freedom from hunger and disease, strong, healty looking bodies
Right to health (Article 25)
Bodily integrity Freedom from violence and abuse, sexual and reproductive choice, freedom of physical movement
Right to freedom from torture (Art. 5)
Emotional integrity Freedom from fear and anxiety and love Preamble (Freedom from fear)
Respect and dignity Self-respect, respect from others and the community Duties to the community and respect of rights (Art. 29)
Social belonging Belonging to a collective, honour, respect and trust Right of everyone to form trade unions (Art. 8 I ICCPR)
Cultural identity Living in accordance with one’s values and rituals Right to participate in cultural life (Art. 27)
Imagination, information and education
Informed and educated decision making , literacy, entrepreneurship and expressive arts
Right to education (Art. 26)
Organizational capacity Ability to organize and mobilize Right to freedom of association (Art. 20)
Political representation and accountability
Ability to influence those in power, accountability of those in power
Right to take part in government (Art. 21)
Preamble, UN Charter (1945)
We the Peoples of the United Nations Determined
to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and
to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and
to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and
to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom
1950s – 1989: Cold War & East/West stereotypes
© DIHR
Berlin wall”Iron Curtain”International Covenant Civil
and political rights (1966)• Rights to physical
integrity• Liberty and security of
person• Procedural fairness and
rights of the accused• Individual liberties• Political rights
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)
• Labour rights• The right to social security• The right to family life• The right to an adequate
standard of living• The right to health• The right to free education• The right to participation in
cultural life
1986: Declaration on the right to development
PREAMBLE:
“Development is a comprehensive economic, social, cultural and political
process, which aims at the constant improvement of the well-being of the entire
population and of all individuals on the basis of their active, free and meaningful
participation in development and in the fair distribution of benefits resulting
therefrom.”
New aspects
– Development is perceived as a realization of the greatest number of human rights (and all human rights are equally important)
– A specific focus on empowerment of all people to decide the content and the process of development (active and meaningful participation in the development of own life and society)
Some important steps
• The Declaration of the Right to Development (1986) – non binding but affirms close links between civil and economic rights and development.
• Vienna Conference on Human Rights (1993) – affirms the indivisibility of
human rights.
• World Social Development Summit in Copenhagen in 1995 – brought further momentum to the indivisibility of rights.
• UN reform: Human Rights based development (1997)
• Influential publications: Amartya Sen’s “Development as Freedom” (1999) and UNDP Human Development Report (2000)
Human Development… Is the process of enhancing people’s capabilities to expand choices and opportunities so that they can take control of their lives
Human Development need the standards and legal guarantees of human rights to avoid being threatened
Human Development… Is the process of enhancing people’s capabilities to expand choices and opportunities so that they can take control of their lives
Human Development need the standards and legal guarantees of human rights to avoid being threatened
THE LINKAGES BETWEEN…THE LINKAGES BETWEEN…
…and Human rights… All people have claims to social arrangements that protect them from the worst abuses and deprivations-and that secure the freedom for a life of dignity The realization of human rights requires capacities that development can make possible
…and Human rights… All people have claims to social arrangements that protect them from the worst abuses and deprivations-and that secure the freedom for a life of dignity The realization of human rights requires capacities that development can make possible
The added value of HRBABasic Needs and Sustainable Livelihoods approaches
Human Rights Based Approaches
Stakeholders Right-holders and duty-bearers
Needs are met through charity and benevolence
Development is an entitlement
Do not take power relations into account Provides a framework for the analysis of power and authority
Needs are met and satisfied Rights are realised (respected, protected and fulfilled)
Basic needs can be met through outcome strategies
Attention is paid equally to outcome and process
From UNICEF Global Guidelines to Human Rights Programming
United Nations definition of HRBA
What is HRBA1) Human rights constitute the GOAL for development
programming through the standards that are found in the HR-framework.
1) Human Rights informes the PROCES of development practise through the principles anchored in the HR-framework.
1) Human rights define the TARGET GROUP and the ANALYTICAL FOCUS for development programming (both duty-bearers and rights-holders)
Menneskerettighedsprincipper
The core principles:1. Universality and inalienability (for everyone, rights
cannot be taken away)2. Indivisibility (no hierarchy)3. Inter-dependence and inter-relatedness
inalienability4. Participation and inclusion5. Accountability 6. Non-discrimination and equality
PANEL-principperneParticipationAccountability
Non-discrimination, Equality and Attention to vulnerable groups
EmpowermentLinkages to human rights standards, progressive realisation of rights and non-retrogression.
16
Duty-BearerState is the primary
Rights-HolderIndividuals (& groups)
Fulfil obligations
towards
Claim rights from
The State has the
obligation to:
- Respect -
Protect - Fulfil
…human rights
The individual is empowered
by:
- Knowledge -
Recognition - Access
…to claim their rights
HRBA= CAPACITATING RIGHTS HOLDERS & DUTY BEARERS
Fig: Developed by MLR, DIHR PANEL accr. by Ampora Tomas
Participation
Accountability & Rule of Law
Non-discrimination, Equality & Vulnerable grpsEmpowerment
Linkages to HR Framework: System & standards
International, Regional and National Human Rights SYSTEMS
End of session