human urinary system vocabulary ©richard l. goldman march 6, 2003 from: delmar’s comprehensive...
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HumanUrinary System
Vocabulary
©Richard L. Goldman
March 6, 2003
from:
Delmar’s Comprehensive Medical Terminology
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Antiseptic
an-tih-SEP-tikanti- = against
sept/o = infection
-ic = pertaining to
A substance that tends to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms.
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arteriole
ar-TEE-ree-ohl-arteri/o = artery
ole = small or little
The smallest branch of an artery.
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aseptic technique
ay-SEP-tic tek-NEEKa- = withoutsept/o = infection-ic = pertaining to
Any health care procedure in which precautions are taken to prevent contamination of a person, object, or area by microorganisms.
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Asymptomatic
ay-sim-toh--MAT-ic
Without symptoms
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Azotemia
azz-oh-TEE-mee-ahazot/o = nitrogen-emia = blood condition
The presence of excessive amounts of waste products of metabolism (nitrogenous compounds) in the blood caused by failure of the kidneys to remove urea from the blood. Axotemia is characteristic of uremia.
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Bowman's capsule
BOW-manz CAP-sool
The cup-shaped end of a renal tubule containing a glomerulus; also called glomerular capsule.
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calculus
KAL-kew-lus
An abnormal stone formed in the body tissues by an accumulation of mineral salts; usually formed in the gallbladder and kidney. See renal calculus.
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calyx
KAY-liks
The cup-shapted division of the renal pelvis through which urine passes from the renal tubules.
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catheter
CATH-eh-ter
A hollow, flexible tube that can be inserted into a body cavity or vessel for the purpose of instilling or withdrawing fluid.
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cortex
KOR-teks
The outer layer of a body organ or structure
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cystometer
siss-TOM-er-tercyst/o = bladder
An instrument that measures bladder capacity in relation to changing pressure.
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cystoscope
SISS-toh-skohpcyst/o =bladder-scope = instrument for viewing
An instrument used to view the interior of the bladder, ureter, or kidney. It consists of an outer sheath with a lighting system, a scope for viewing, and a passage for catheters and devices used in surgical procedures.
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radiopaque
ray-dee-oh-PAYK
Not permiting the passage of x-rays or other radiant energy; radiopaque areas appear white on an exposed x-ray film.
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renal artery
REE-nal AR-teh-reeren/o=kidney-al=pertaining toarter/o=arteryy=noun ending
One of a pair of large arteries branching from the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the kidneys, adrenal glands, and the ureters.
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renal calculas
A stone formation in the kidney (plural:renal calculi); also called a nephrolith
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renal pelvis
REE-nal PELL-vissren/o=kidney-al=pertaining topelv/i=pelvis-is= noun ending
The central collecting part of the kidney that narrows into the large upper end of the ureter; it receives urine through the calyces and drains it into the ureters.
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renal tubule
REE-nal TOOB-yoolren/o=kidney-al=pertaining to
A long, twisted tube that leads away from the glomerulus of the kidney to the collecting tubules. As the glomerular filtrate passes through the renal tubules, the water, sugar, and salts are reabsorbed into the bloodstream through the network of capillaries that surround them.
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renal vein
REE-nal VAYNren/o-kidney-al=pertaining to
One of two vessels that carries blood away from the kidney.
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residual urine
rih-ZIH-yoo-al YOO-rin
Urine that remains in the bladder after urination.
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solute
SOL-yoot
A substance dissolved in a solution, as in the waste products filtered out of the kidney into the urine.
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specific gravity
speh-SIH-fik GRAV-ih-tee
The weight of a substance compared with an equal volume of water, which is considered to be the standard.
Water is considered to have a specific gravity of 1,000 (one); therefore, a substance with a specific gravity of 2,000 would be twice as dense as water.
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Toxic
TOKS-iktox/o=poison-ic=pertaining to poisonous.
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Turbid
TER-bid
Cloudy.
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Uremia
yoo-REE-mee-ahur/o=urine-emia=blood condition
The presence of excessive amounts of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood; also called azotemia.
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ureter
YOO-reh-terureter/o=ureter
One of a pair of tubes that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
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urethra
yoo-REE-thrahurethr/o=urethra-a=noun ending
A small tubular structure that drains urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
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urethritis
yoo-ree-THRIGH-tisurethr/o=urethra-it is=inflammation
Inflammation of urethra. This inflammatory condition of the urethra, characterized by dysuria, is usually the result of an infection of the bladder or kidneys.
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urinary incontinence
YOO-rih-nair-ee in-CON-tin-ensurin/o=urine-ary=pretaining to
Inability to control urination; the inability to retain urine in the bladder.
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urinary retention
YOO-rih-nair-ee ree-TEN-shunurin/o=urine-ary=pertaining to
An abnormal, involuntary accumulation of urine in the bladder; the inability to empty the bladder.
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urination
YOO-rih-NAY-shunurin/o=urine
The act of eliminating urine from the body; also called micturition; also called voiding.
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Urine
YOO-rin
The fluid released by the kidneys, transported by the ureters, retained in the bladder, and eliminated through the urethra. Normal urine is clear, straw colored, and slightly acid.
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voiding
VOYD-ing
The act of elimating urine from the body: also called micturition; also called urination.