‘ISMS AND THE ARTS

Humanism Literature/social- purpose was education to

better the people in order for them to become better citizens.

Art- elevate the human with heavy Greco-roman/classical influence

Introduced secular ideas into the heavily Christian oriented society of Europe

Glorified man as the perfect being Ideas and art that powered the Renaissance Erasmus, Petrarch

Erasmus

Leonardo da Vinci is a great example of Humanist influence because of his work in several different areas of knowledge as well as producing a lot of artwork that depicts a classical setting

Realism 19th century Everyday subjects- still lives, simple people Gustave Courbet, A Burial at Ornans- first

Realist painting of movement

Naturalism 19th Century Realistic, Natural setting Reaction to Rococo because it was honest people

in natural settings Darwinian approach to life/nature Humanity versus Nature- Nature reigns supreme Albert Charpin- Sheep paintings

Romanticism Caspar David Friedrich, Wanderer above

the Sea of Fog- Most famous art example Late 18th century Reaction to Enlightenment and Industrialism Key descriptors- sublime, visually aesthetic Art/literature as a single person’s

work/genius- idea developed in this era Beethoven as Romantic composer In literature, spin-off movement-Gothic

Impressionism 19th century Name from Monet painting “Impression, soleil

levant” that received heavy criticism Originated in France Painters depicted lighting, not actual colors or

shapes, left thin but visible brushstrokes, allowed sometimes for the base lines to show through the paint (all of the above making the paintings seem unfinished) to depict ordinary scenes from sometimes unusual angles

Paul Cézanne, Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Post Impressionism

Extension of Impressionism without its limitationsFreer, broader styles from Van Gogh’s

heavy brushstrokes to Seurat's pointillism Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro,

Auguste Renoir, Paul Cézanne, Henri Rousseau, Vincent van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec