humanitarian informatics approach for cooperation between citizens and organizations - cscw16...
TRANSCRIPT
Humanitarian Informatics Approach to Cooperation between Citizens & Organizational Decision Makers
Hemant PurohitHumanitarian Informatics Lab, Information Sciences and Technology
1@hemant_pt
CADMICS-2016‘Collaboration and Decision Making in Crisis Situations’
Workshop at ACM CSCW 2016
Scenario: Can Disaster Response Organizations leverage Social Data at Scale?
4@hemant_pt
20M+ Tweets during #Sandy
HURRICANE SANDY RESPONSE: $60+ Bln in damage
Operational Implications of messages:Does anyone know how to donate clothes to hurricane #Sandy victims?
Operational Consequence: Creation of 2nd
Disaster for Resource Management
• Resource demand-supply mismatch
Hurricane Sandy, “Thanks, but no thanks”, NPR, Jan 12 2013http://www.npr.org/2013/01/09/168946170/thanks-but-no-thanks-when-post-
disaster-donations-overwhelm
@hemant_pt5
DISASTER Event
@hemant_pt
Proposed Position: Mine and Manage Social Data along the Coordination and Decision Process Needs
CITIZENSensors
6
RESPONSE Organizations
Proposed Position: Humanitarian Informatics Approach
• Cooperative Information System Design between Citizens and Organizations via Web (not limited to crises)
– Address Fundamental Challenges (Malone & Crowston 1990; Schmidt & Bannon 1992)
• Articulation• Awareness
– Organization Characteristics• Structured roles • Pre-established communication, processes, and working norms• More information needs, but less data access & resources
– (Emergent) Online Citizen Community Characteristics• Unstructured roles and responsibilities• No established norms• No specified-given needs, but massive data generation & resources
7@hemant_pt
Awareness
Challenges(Malone & Crowston 1990; Schmidt & Bannon 1992)
(what) INFORMATION EXTRACTION
(what) INFORMATION CLASSIFICATION
(what) BEHAVIOR MINING, etc.DATA
PROBLEM
DESIGNPROBLEM
ORGANIZATIONS CITIZEN COMMUNITIES
COOPERATIVE INFO SYSTEM
Articulation
- Structured Roles- Defined Tasks:
COLLECT Data, Process, and Make Decisions
- No Structured Roles- No Defined Tasks,
but GENERATE Massive Data
(where) LOCATION PREDICTION
(when) TEMPORAL MODELING
(who) ENGAGEMENT PRIORITIZATION, etc.
ProcessKnowledge
Guidance
@hemant_pt
Conclusion
• Start from organizational information needs to create information processing systems for leveraging new information source of citizen communties on social media
• Interdisciplinary Research a necessity to guide information processing, for maximal benefits of humanitarian informatics
• For decision making, Less is More! -- We need to focus on actionable information aligned with process-driven information needs of organizations
• Informatics approach not limited to disaster response, but also applicable for information overload solutions of other humanitarian organizations (e.g., gender-violence policies1)
9@hemant_pt
1 Purohit et al. (2016). Gender-based violence in 140 characters or fewer: A #BigData case study of Twitter.First Monday, Vol. 21, 1 – 4, January 2016 http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/6148/5190
10
TWITTER: @hemant_ptMAIL: [email protected]: http://ist.gmu.edu/~hpurohit/humanitarian-informatics-lab.html
Acknowledgement: Respective image sources, and
Contact, Ack, and Questions?