humanities unit: harlem renaissance

8/19/2019 Humanities Unit: Harlem Renaissance

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Yca C`roah Uak`gss`kma `ki tca Uaegrtc jb tca @brgm`k-@hargm`k

Muotur`o Ig`spjr` gk Kaw Wjrl Mgty4 07>> -07=1Ey @scoay Fraak

0


2/82

Yèoa jb MjktaktsG. ]mcjjo/Mo`ss Gkbjrh`tgjk ^`fa Kuhears

Frìa Oavao `ki ]uedamt 5

]mcjjo Igstrgmt 5

]mcjjo K`ha 5

]mcjjo Mgty, ]t`ta 5

Mo`ss Iahjfr`pcgms/Ogtar`my Mc`rt 5-9

GG. Qkgt Jvarvgaw

Fakarò Gktrjiumtgjk 1

Kuhear jb I`ys Uaqugrai 1

Assaktgò Puastgjks4 Jvar`rmcgkf 1Assaktgò Puastgjks4 Yjpgmò 2

]t`ki`ris brjh H@ Murrgmuouh Br`hawjrls 2

Mjhhjk Mjra ]t`ta ]t`ki`ris 2-6

Qkgt Jutmjhas 6

Qkgt Mòaki`r 3

Ogst jb Ogtar`my `ki Gkstrumtgjkò Iasgfk ]tr`tafgas 7

@ssasshakt Ogst 7-0>

H`targòs Uaqugrai 0>

@kkjt`tai Egegogjfr`pcy 0>-0=

GGG. I`goy Oassjk ô`ks 0=-31

5


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G. ]mcjjo/Mo`ss Gkbjrh`tgjk

0>tc Frìa Q.]. Cgstjry GG

@sco`ki ûeogm ]mcjjos

@sco`ki Cgfc ]mcjjo@sco`ki, H@

Mo`ss Iahjfr`pcgms/Igvarsgty `ki Ogtar`my ^rjbgoa `ki Mc`rt4

Mo`ss Iahjfr`pcgms/Igvarsgty4 0= hòas, 05 bahòas/ 09 Mùm`sg`k stuiakts, 5 @brgm`k-

@hargm`k stuiakts, = @sg`k-@hargm`k stuiakts, 5 @sg`k stuiakts, 9 O`tgkj stuiakts

Mo`ss Ogtar`my ^rjbgoa (Uaìgkf/Vrgtgkf ]lgoo Oavaos)4 Uaìgkf- 3 Eaojw Frìa Oavao, 00

^rjbgmgakt, 2 @iv`kmai/Vrgtgkf- Eaojw Frìa Oavao, 0> ^rjbgmgakt, 0> @iv`kmai 1

K`ha ]ax U`ma Uaìgkf Vrgtgkf Bgrst

O`kfu`fa

Axmaptgjkògty

Kgmcjo`s H Vcgta ^rjbgmgakt ^rjffmgakt Akfogsc K/@

C`kk`c B Vcgta @iv`kmai @iv`kmai Akfogsc K/@

L`vy` B @sg`k-@hargm`k @iv`kmai ^rjffmgakt Akfogsc K/@

@rh`kij H O`tgkj Eaojw FO Eaojw FO ]p`kgsc AOO

âtar H Vcgta @iv`kmai @iv`kmai Akfogsc K/@

D`mje H Vcgta Eaojw FO Eaojw FO Akfogsc Iysoaxg`, @ICI(GA^)

Yyoar H Vcgta ^rjffmgakt ^rjbgmgakt Akfogsc @sparfar‗s (1>9)

C`kk`c B @sg`k-@hargm`k @iv`kmai @iv`kmai Akfogsc K/@

]jpcg` B Vcgta ^rjffmgakt Eaojw FO Akfogsc ]aksjry^rjmassgkfIgsjriar (1>9)

@ustgk H Vcgta ^rjffmgakt ^rjbgmgakt Akfogsc K/@

Kgmcjo`s H Vcgta ^rjffmgakt ^rjbgmgakt Akfogsc K/@

^r`k`v H @sg`k ^rjffmgakt ^rjffmgakt Cgkig AOO

Hg` B Vcgta ^rjffmgakt ^rjffmgakt Akfogsc K/@

Hìgsjk B Vcgta @iv`kmai @iv`kmai Akfogsc @sparfar's (1>9)

=


4/82

•

Yyoar H Vcgta ^rjffmgakt ^rjbgmgakt Akfogsc K/@

]jjk B @sg`k ^rjffmgakt ^rjffmgakt Ljra`k AOO

@ustgk H Vcgta ^rjffmgakt ^rjffmgakt Akfogsc K/@

]`r`c B @brgm`k-@hargm`k @iv`kmai @iv`kmai Akfogsc K/@

Djscu` H @brgm`k-@hargm`k ^rjffmgakt ^rjffmgakt Akfogsc K/@

Yaras` B O`tgk` ^rjbgmgakt ^rjffmgakt Akfogsc K/@

]`r` B Vcgta Eaojw

FO

Eaojw FO Akfogsc Yc

Maog` B O`tgk` Eaojw FO Eaojw FO ^jrtufuasa AOO

M`rogtj H O`tgkj Eaojw FO Eaojw FO ^jrtufuasa AOO

Yyoar H @sg`k-@hargm`k ^rjffmgakt ^rjbgmgakt Akfogsc K/@

Hg` B Vcgta ^rjffmgakt Eaojw FO Akfogsc K/@

9


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GG. Qkgt Jvarvgaw

Fakarò Gktrjiumtgjk4

Ycgs ukgt wjuoi giaòoy ea tca bgrst ukgt jb ` ya`r-ojkf mjursa gk Q.]. Cgstjry GG jr bjr

stuiakts wcj c`va summassbuooy mjhpoatai mjursawjrl gk Q.]. Cgstjry tcrjufc tca MgvgoV`r `ki Uamjkstrumtgjk Ar`. @ ^raUaìgkf ô`k (Ûa^) wgoo ea ghpoahaktai `t tca

eafgkkgkf jb tca ukgt gk jriar tj `smart`gk stuiakts‗ prgjr lkjwoaifa.

@ mjhpracaksgva ukiarst`kigkf jb tca ‟C`roah Uak`gss`kma‘ wgoo ea gktrjiumai ey

tca bgrst samtgjk jb tca ukgt jk tca pjst-Uamjkstrumtgjk pargji gk tca ]jutcark Qkgtai

]t`tas. Cgfcogfcts cara gkmouia `k ax`hgk`tgjk gktj tca mjkbogmtgkf giajojfgas jbEjjlar Y. V`scgkftjk `ki V.A.E. IuEjgs `ki tca usa jb ogtar`tura `s sjmgò

mjhhakt`ry.

Yca samjki samtgjk jb tca ukgt wgoo ojjl gktj tca mùsas eacgki ‟Yca Fra`t Hgfr`tgjk‘kjrtcw`ri, prgh`rgoy usgkf samjki`ry sjurmas brjh ùtcjrs Gsèao Vgolarsjk `ki

Kgmcjo`s Oach`kk. @k axpjsgtjry ass`y gs `ssgfkai, akèogkf stuiakts tj pr`mtgma

gkiapakiakt rasa`rmc.

Yca tcgri samtgjk jb tca ukgt mjkmarks tca muotura jb C`roah brjh 0703-07=1. Cara wa

wgoo mjktgkua tj gktafr`ta ogtar`tura ey raìgkf tca mjhgkf-jb-`fa kjvao Cjha tj

C`roah ey Moùia HmL`y.

Gktafr`tgjk jb tca `rts, aspamgòoy tcrjufc ogtar`tura, wgoo ea ghpoahaktai jbtak,aspamgòoy gk tca tcgri samtgjk jb tca ukgt. ^jatry, bgmtgjk, `ki husgm gk p`rtgmuo`r wgoo ea

stuigai gk tca mjktaxt jb tca @brgm`k-@hargm`k axpargakma. Yca bgkò mjjpar`tgva

oa`rkgkf prjdamt eabjra tca aki-jb-ukgt ax`hgk`tgjk ahpojys tca tcaha jb `k

gktarigsmgpogk`ry cuh`kgtgas ukgt wcaraey tca ta`mcgkf `ki oa`rkgkf jb ejtc Akfogsc `ki

]jmgò ]tuigas suppjrt a`mc `kjtcar gk ` cjogstgm vgaw jb ejtc suedamts gk tca raòh jb

tca Cuh`kgtgas.

Kuhear jb I`ys Uaqugrai4

59

Jvar`rmcgkf Assaktgò Puastgjks4

• Ij pjogtgms ghpaia prjfrass:

• Vcy ij pajpoa hgfr`ta:

• Cjw ij wrgtars usa ogtar`tura `ki ogtar`ry iavgmas tj igspo`y cgstjrgmò mjktaxt:

• Vc`t ij tca `rts ravaò èjut muoturò giaktgty:

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Yjpgmò Assaktgò Puastgjks4

• Vc`t wara tca igbbarakt pjogtgmò str`tafgas akijrsai `ki ahpojyai ey V`scgkftjk

`ki IuEjgs:

• Vc`t w`s tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt:

• Cjw `ra tca gssuas mjkt`gkai wgtcgk tca V`scgkftjk `ki IuEjgs iae`tas raoav`kt

tji`y:• Vcy ij wrgtars usa igòamts gk bgmtgjk:

• Vc`t gs tca Fra`t Hgfr`tgjk:

• Cjw gs cgstjrgmò rasa`rmc m`rrgai jut:

• Cjw ijas Moùia HmL`y pjrtr`y C`roah gk cgs wjrl Cjha tj C`roah:

• Cjw c`va igbbarakt `rtgsts pjrtr`yai C`roah `ki tca @brgm`k-@hargm`k axpargakma:

]t`ki`ris brjh H@ Murrgmuouh Br`hawjrls4

[email protected].].GG.7 @kòyza tca pjst-Mgvgo V`r struffoas jb @brgm`k-@hargm`k hak `ki wjhak

trygkf tj f`gk e`sgm mgvgo rgfcts. (C)

Mjhhjk Mjra ]t`ta ]t`ki`ris

UA@IGKF

" UC.7-0>.0 Mgta spamgbgm taxtuò avgiakma tj suppjrt `kòysgs jb prgh`ry `ki

samjki`ry sjurmas, `ttakigkf tj sumc ba`turas `s tca i`ta `ki jrgfgk jb tca

gkbjrh`tgjk.

" UC.7-0>.5 @kòyza gk iat`go ` sargas jb avakts iasmrgeai gk ` taxt< iatarhgka

wcatcar a`rogar avakts mùsai o`tar jkas jr sghpoy pramaiai tcah.

"

UO.7-0>.9 Iatarhgka tca ha`kgkf jb wjris `ki pcr`sas `s tcay `ra usai gk tca taxt,gkmouigkf bgfur`tgva `ki mjkkjt`tgva ha`kgkfs< `kòyza tca muhuo`tgva ghp`mt jbspamgbgm wjri mcjgmas jk ha`kgkf `ki tjka (a.f., cjw tca o`kfu`fa avjlas `

saksa jb tgha `ki po`ma< cjw gt sats ` bjrhò jr gkbjrhò tjka).

" UC.7-0>.2 Mjhp`ra tca pjgkt jb vgaw jb twj jr hjra ùtcjrs bjr cjw tcay

tra`t tca s`ha jr sghgo`r tjpgms, gkmouigkf wcgmc iat`gos tcay gkmouia `ki ahpc`sgza gktcagr raspamtgva `mmjukts.

" UG.7-0>.6 @kòyza v`rgjus `mmjukts jb ` suedamt tjoi gk igbbarakt haiguhs

(a.f., ` parsjk‗s ogba stjry gk ejtc prgkt `ki huotghaig`), iatarhgkgkf wcgmc iat`gos `ra

ahpc`sgzai gk a`mc `mmjukt.

" UC.7-0>.7 Mjhp`ra `ki mjktr`st tra`thakts jb tca s`ha tjpgm gk savaròprgh`ry `ki samjki`ry sjurmas.

" UC.7-0>.0> Ey tca aki jb frìa 0>, raì `ki mjhpracaki cgstjry/sjmgò

stuigas taxts gk tca frìas 7”0> taxt mjhpoaxgty e`ki gkiapakiaktoy `ki prjbgmgaktoy.

VUGYGKF

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" VC]Y.7-0>.2 Qsa tamckjojfy, gkmouigkf tca Gktarkat, tj prjiuma, pueogsc, `ki

upi`ta gkigvgiuò jr sc`rai wrgtgkf prjiumts, t`lgkf ìv`kt`fa jb tamckjojfy‗s m`p`mgty

tj ogkl tj jtcar gkbjrh`tgjk `ki tj igspo`y gkbjrh`tgjk boaxgeoy `ki iyk`hgmòoy.

" VC]Y.7-0>-3 F`tcar raoav`kt gkbjrh`tgjk brjh huotgpoa ùtcjrgt`tgva prgkt`ki igfgtò sjurmas, usgkf ìv`kmai sa`rmcas abbamtgvaoy< `ssass tca usabuokass jb a`mc

sjurma gk `kswargkf tca rasa`rmc quastgjk< gktafr`ta gkbjrh`tgjk gktj tca taxtsaoamtgvaoy tj h`gkt`gk tca bojw jb gia`s, `vjgigkf po`fg`rgsh `ki bjoojwgkf ` st`ki`ri

bjrh`t bjr mgt`tgjk.

"VC]Y.7-0>.0>. Vrgta rjutgkaoy jvar axtakiai tgha br`has (tgha bjr raboamtgjk

`ki ravgsgjk) `ki scjrtar tgha br`has (` sgkfoa sgttgkf jr ` i`y jr twj) bjr ` r`kfa jb

igsmgpogka-spamgbgm t`sls, purpjsas, `ki ùigakmas.

]Â@LGKF @KI OG]YAKGKF

" ]O.7-0>.0. Gkgtg`ta `ki p`rtgmgp`ta abbamtgvaoy gk ` r`kfa jb mjooèjr`tgva

igsmussgjks (jka-jk-jka, gk frjups, `ki ta`mcar-oai) wgtc igvarsa p`rtkars jk frìas 7”0> tjpgms, taxts, `ki gssuas, eugoigkf jk jtcars‗ gia`s `ki axprassgkf tcagr jwk moa`roy

`ki parsu`sgvaoy.

]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj…

• @mtgv`ta tcagr prgjr lkjwoaifa èjut tca C`roah Uak`gss`kma. (^)

• Jedamtgvaoy `kòyza prgh`ry sjurma ijmuhakts. (^)

• Axpo`gk tca ghp`mt jb fr`ssrjjts pjogtgmò jrf`kgz`tgjks sumc `s tca Kg`f`r`

Hjvahakt. (M)

• Qkiarst`ki tca ghpjrt`kma jb ravgsgkf tj tca wrgtgkf prjmass. (^)

• Ir`w mjkkamtgjks eatwaak cgstjry `ki tca wjroi gk wcgmc yju ogva. (^)

• Mjktaxtuògza wjrls jb ogtar`tura. (^)

• @kòyza tca hjtgv`tgjks, e`mlfrjukis, `ki pjtaktgò eg`sas jb cgstjrg`ks. (^)

• Eamjha `w`ra jb tca wjrl gkvjovai gk tca stuiy jb cgstjry. (M, ^)

• @kòyza tca tjpgm jb tca a`roy 5>tc maktury hgfr`tgjk jb @brgm`k-@hargm`ks brjh tca

]jutcark Qkgtai ]t`tas tj tca Kjrtc. (M)

• F`gk `k `ppramg`tgjk bjr tca `rt, husgm, `ki ogtar`tura jb tca tgha pargji. (M)

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3

`y 0

4 Gktrj. tj C`roahak`gss`kma Ûa^

Djurkò Aktry,xgt Ygmlat

4 ^rgh`ry sjurmaìgkfs `ki

uastgjks

I`y 5

M4 V`scgkftjk/ IuEjgs]4 Yghaogka fr`pcgm

jrf`kgzar, igramtgkstrumtgjk

@4 ^`rtgmgp`tgjk,igsmussgjk

quastgjks brjhcjhawjrlC4 Mra`ta

vjmèuo`ry m`ris

I`y =

M4 V`scgkftjk,IuEjgs, `ki tcaKg`f`r` Hjvahakt

]4 Haig` sjurmaswgtc fugigkf

quastgjks, prgh`rysjurma `kòysgs

@4 Rjmè m`ris,vgawgkf fugiasC4 ‟Yca Uavjoutgjk

Vgoo Kjt EaYwaatai‘ 6-Aoahakt

Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt

I`y 9

M4 6-AoahaktVrgtgkf @ssgfkhaktIr`bt ’

^rjjbraìgkf `kiUavgsgjks

@4 6-Aoahakt Ir`btsC4 Bgkò Ir`bt jb 6-

Aoahakt Vrgtgkf@ssgfkhakt

I`y 1

M4 H`rl Yw`gk scjrtstjry]4 Yypa 0 djurkò,

fr`pcgm jrf`kgzarbjr kaw vjmè, saob-

iasgfkai pra-raìgkf

quastgjks,suhh`rgzgkf wjrlscaat@4 Djurkò aktrgas,

Uavjoutgjk`ssgfkhakt iua

C4 Rjmè m`ris,wjrl jk Uavjoutgjk

`ssgfkhakt

I`y 2

M4 H`rl Yw`gk stjry]4 ]uhh`rgzgk

wjrlscaat, `kspra-raìgkf

quastgjks@4 @kswars tj p

raìgkf quastgjC4 ]tuiy bjr vjqugz

`y 6

4 Yca Fra`tgfr`tgjk

Uamgprjmò

a`mcgkf ’amjki`ry ]jurmas

Rjmèuo`ry/ aìgkf Pugz,

rjup p`rtgmgp`tgjk4 KWY `rtgmoa `ki

attar tj tca Aigtjr‘

I`y 3

M4 Yca Fra`tHgfr`tgjk

]4 Bgkgsc Uamgprjmò

Ya`mcgkf@4 Frjup

^`rtgmgp`tgjk, ‟Oattartj tca Aigtjr‘

C4 Kj Cjhawjrl

I`y 7

M4 ‟Yca Fra`tHgfr`tgjk

]4 ]uhh`rgzgkf

]amjki`ry ]jurmas@4 Frjup

^`rtgmgp`tgjkC4 Ycasgs

]t`tahakt bjr 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf

@ssgfkhakt #5

I`y 0>


]4 Oger`ry I`y bjr 6-

Aoahakt Vrgtgkf@ssgfkhakt

@4 Ycasgs ]t`tahaktC4 Bgrst Ir`bt jb 6-

Aoahakt Vrgtgkf@ssgfkhakt #5

I`y 00

M4 ‟Yca Fra`tHgfr`tgjk

]4 6-Aoahakt

Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt#54 âar Uavgaw

`ki ^rjjbraìgkf@4 Ir`bts Iua

C4 Bgkò Ir`bt

I`y 05


]4 Ijmuhakt`r

`ki Rgawgkf F@4 6-Aoahakt

Vrgtgkf @ssgfkh#5 Bgkò Ir`bts

Rgawgkf FugiasC4 Euy kjvao C

tj C`roah `ki tj kaxt samtgjk]tuiy Vjrlsca

`y 0=

4 Cjha tj C`roahy Moùia HmL`y

C`va purmc`saijvao, Bgoh ]tuiy

Vjrlscaat,

`rtgmgp`tgjk, Gktrj. tj Cjha tj

`roah ey MoùiamL`y `ki

stjrgmò Mjktaxt,ì Bjrawjri gkY frjups

4 Uaì Mc. 0-1jha tj C`roah

ki Uaìgkf Fugia

I`y 09

M4 Cjha tj C`roah,Mc`ptars 0-1

]4 ]jmr`tgmigsmussgjk@4 ^`rtgmgp`tgjk, Mc.

0-1 Uaìgkf FugiaC4 Uaì Mc. 1-7

(Bgkgsc ^`rt 0),Uaìgkf Fugia

I`y 01


]4 ]jmr`tgmIgsmussgjk@4 ^`rtgmgp`tgjk, Mc.

1-7 Uaìgkf Fugia,Axgt Ygmlat

C4 Uaì Mc. 0>-09/ Uaìgkf Fugia

I`y 02

M4 Cjha tj C`roah,Mc`ptars 0>-09

]4 Igsmussgjk `kiIgramt Gkstrumtgjk(^jatry/Bgmtgjk)

@4 ^`rtgmgp`tgjk,Mc. 0>-09 Uaìgkf

FugiaC4 Uaì mc. 01-03

(Bgkgsc ^`rt GG),Uaìgkf Fugia

I`y 06


]4 Igsmussgjk `kiIgramt Gkstrumtgjk(Husgm/vgsuò `rt/

tca`tra)@4 ^`rtgmgp`tgjk,

Mc. 01-03 UaìgkfFugia

C4 Bgkgsc kjvao(raì mc. 07-50),raìgkf fugia

I`y 03

M4 Cjha tj C`Mc`ptars 07-50

]4 Bgoh `ki RgaFugia@4 Rgawgkf Fug

Mc. 07-50 Ua`Fugia

C4 C`ki e`ml raìgkf fugias

aki jb mo`ss tjstuiy bjr ‟ojkf jk kjvao/muotur

`y 07

Husauh ^rjdamtGktrjiumtgjk/

afgk Uasa`rmc‟Ojkf Pugz‘ jk

jha tj C`roah

ki Muotura jb`roah

Husauh ^rjdamt

I`y 5>

M4 Husauh ^rjdamt]4 Uasa`rmc `ki

Mra`ta Axcgegts@4 Frjup^`rtgmgp`tgjk

C4 Husauh ^rjdamt

I`y 50

M4 Husauh ^rjdamt]4 Uasa`rmc `ki

Mra`ta Axcgegts ’Bgkgsc@4 Frjup

^`rtgmgp`tgjkC4 Husauh ^rjdamt

’ Bgkgsc @OO p`rts

I`y 55

M4 Fòoary Vòl

]4 ^rasakt`tgjks@4 Husauh ^rjdamtC4 Kjka

I`y 5=

AS@H UARGAV

I`y 59

AS@H


9/82

Ogst jb Ogtar`my `ki Gkstrumtgjkò Iasgfk ]tr`tafgas

• Ûa^

• Fr`pcgm Jrf`kgzars

• Rjmèuo`ry M`ris

• Mjoogks Hatcji/6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt

•Ijmuhakt`rgas

• Uaìgkf Fugias

• Rgawgkf Fugias

• Axpjsgtjry Vrgtgkf

• ]uhh`rgzgkf

• âar Uavgaw

• Igsmussgjk

• Mjjpar`tgva Oa`rkgkf

• Mra`tgva Vrgtgkf

• @rts Gktafr`tgjk

• Uamgprjmò Ya`mcgkf• Djurkò Vrgtgkf

Ogst jb @ssasshakts Ey Yypa

0.) ^`rtgmgp`tgjk

5.) Pugzzas

• Uaìgkf `ki Rjmèuo`ry gk IuEjgs/V`scgkftjk (I`y 6)

• Ojkf Pugz jk Cjha tj C`roah `ki tca Muotura jb C`roah (I`y 5>)

=.) ^rjdamts

• 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt #0 (Mra`tgva) (I`y 1)

• 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt #5 (Uasa`rmc) (I`y 05)

• Husauh ^rjdamt (I`y 5=)

9.) Mo`sswjrl

• Djurkò Aktrgas (I`y 0, 1)

• Axgt Ygmlat (I`y 0)

• Rgawgkf Fugias (I`y =, 05)• ]aob-Iasgfkai ^ra-Uaìgkf Puastgjks (I`y 2)

1 .) Cjhawjrl

• Rjmèuo`ry M`ris (I`y =)

• Uaìgkf Fugias (I`y 5, 0=, 09, 01, 02, 06)

• ‟Oattar tj tca Aigtjr‘ `ssgfkhakt (I`y 3)

• Ycasgs ]t`tahakt (I`y 0>)

7


10/82

• Ir`bts bjr òo 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakts (I`y 9, 00)

2.) Qkgt Ax`h

H`targòs Uaqugrai

•Mjpgas jb c`kijuts `ki raìgkfs (`s par oassjk po`k)

• Jvarcaì prjdamtjr wgtc

• Laykjta ^rasakt`tgjks (`s par oassjk po`k)

• Cjha tj C`roah (kjvao)

• Mjhputar mjhp`tgeoa wgtc jvarcaì prjdamtjr `ki `ky kamass`ry ì`ptjrs/pjwar

suppogas

• ^jstar ej`ris `ki h`rlars

@kkjt`tai Egeogjfr`pcy

(Gk jriar jb `ppa`r`kma)

Djcksjk, H`gsc` T. Jkogka. @mmassai cttp4//avaryi`ybahgkgsh.mjh/5>01/>2/muoturò-

`pprjprg`tgjk-wrjkf/:

uthZsjurma8]jmgòV`rb`ra&uthZhaiguh8b`maejjl&uthZm`hp`gfk8]jmgòV`rb`ra jk Duka

50, 5>01. Eojf aktry jutogkgkf iabgkgtgjk jb ‟muoturò `pprjprg`tgjk‘ wgtc hjiark ax`hpoas

Oumjva, Dabbray. ‟V`ys tj @ii `ki @mtgv`ta E`mlfrjuki Lkjwoaifa.‘ â`rsjk Mustjh

Aium`tgjk4 FAIQM 95> Ya`mcgkf Mjktakt Ogtar`my. Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>00. ^rgkt. Yca ‟Ûa^"

gkstrumtgjkò tamckgqua w`s bjuki gk tcgs ejjl jk p`fa p`fa 021.

Cufcas, O`kfstjk. ‟C`roah‘ brjh Mjooamtai ^jahs. Kaw Wjrl4 U`kijh Cjusa, Gkm., 077>.

Jkogka. @mmassai brjh4 cttp4//www.pjatrybjuki`tgjk.jrf/pjah/061339 jk H`y 52, 5>01. Ycgs

gs tca pjah stuiakts wgoo raspjki tj gk hy oassjk po`k tc`t G c`va hahjrgzai ey

c`ppakst`kma.

]t`kbjri Cgstjry Aium`tgjk Frjup. ‟Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk v. V.A.E. IuEjgs.‘ Jkogka. @mmassai

brjh cttps4//scaf.st`kbjri.aiu/ejjlar-t-w`scgkftjk-iuejgs jk H`y 52, 5>01. Yca prgh`ry

sjurma raìgkfs bjr tca cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt `ra bjuki cara.

Oumjva, Dabbray. ‟Gktrjiumgkf Yamckgmò Rjmèuo`ry.‘ ̂ a`rsjk Mustjh Aium`tgjk4 FAIQM 95>

Ya`mcgkf Mjktakt Ogtar`my. Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>00. ^rgkt. Qsai h`targò brjh tca samtgjk jk

fr`pcgm jrf`kgzars (p`fas 03=-079).

0>

https://sheg.stanford.edu/booker-t-washington-duboishttp://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/175884


11/82



sjurma raìgkfs bjr tji`y‗s oassjk `ki `mtgvgtgas `ra bjuki cara.


Ya`mcgkf Mjktakt Ogtar`my . Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>00. ^rgkt. Qsai h`targò brjh tca samtgjk jk





‟Igvarfakt Aium`tgjkò ^cgojsjpcgas4 V`scgkftjk, IuEjgs, `ki F`rvay.‘ 54==. ^jstai ey Ê]

Oa`rkgkf Haig`. I`ta Qklkjwk. cttp4//www.pesoa`rkgkfhaig`.jrf/rasjurma/7707`>79-2390-9b05-`266-=1a1213i9>b`/7707`>79-2390-9b05-`266-=1a1213i9>b`/ Ycgs gs

tca haig` mogp scjwk gk tca eafgkkgkf jb mo`ss.

‟V.A.E. IuEjgs `ki tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt.‘ 9 hgkutas. ^jstai ey Cgstjry Mc`kkao. I`ta

Qklkjwk. cttp4//www.cgstjry.mjh/tjpgms/eo`ml-cgstjry/eo`ml-cgstjry-hjktc/vgiajs/wae-iuejgs-

`ki-tca-kg`f`r`-hjvahakt Ycgs gs tca ijmuhakt`ry mogp usai bjr tca pravgjus kgfct‗s

cjhawjrl.

‟Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk `ki V.A.E. IuEjgs4 Yca Mjkbogmt.‘ =4=0. ^jstai ey Ê] Oa`rkgkf Haig`.

I`ta Qklkjwk. cttp4//www.pesoa`rkgkfhaig`.jrf/rasjurma/eb0>.sjmst.us.gkiust.ejjlart/

ejjlar-t-w`scgkftjk-`ki-wae-iu-ejgs-tca-mjkbogmt/ Ycgs gs tca ijmuhakt`ry mogp usai bjr tca

pravgjus kgfct‗s cjhawjrl.

^rgh`ry ]jurmas Qsai bjr Dgfs`w @mtgvgty (brjh V.A.E. IuEjgs Oger`ry `t QH`ss @hcarst)

Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt. ]t`tahakt jb ^rgkmgpoas. (07>1). cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/mjooamtgjks/

ataxt/iuejgs/kg`f`r`.pib

Jvgkftjk, H`ry V., oattar tj V. A. E. Iu Ejgs. (Kaw Wjrl, K.W., 07>1 ]aptahear 5)

cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.ex>>1b33->0.pib

Hgtmcaoo, Fajrfa V., Uapjrt jb tca ]amrat`ry bjr tca ]t`ta jb âkksyov`kg` jb tca K.H.

Mjkbarakma Caoi `t ]a` Gsoa Mgty, K.D. @uf. 01tc tj 03tc, 07>7. (].o., 07>7 @ufust)

cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.5.3=7-0>-00.pib

00

http://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-11.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-11.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.bx005f88-01.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.bx005f88-01.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/collections/etext/dubois/niagara.pdfhttp://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/bf10.socst.us.indust.bookert/booker-t-washington-and-web-du-bois-the-conflict/http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/black-history-month/videos/web-dubois-and-the-niagara-movementhttp://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/9919a094-6841-4f12-a677-35e5658d40fa/9919a094-6841-4f12-a677-35e5658d40fa/https://sheg.stanford.edu/booker-t-washington-duboishttps://sheg.stanford.edu/booker-t-washington-dubois


12/82

Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt, @k Jpak Oattar tj Mjooafa Hak4 Yca Ha`kgkf jb tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt

`ki tca Dukgjr Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt. (].o.4 s.k., 07>7)

cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.5.3=7-0>->5.pib

Hgtmcaoo, Fajrfa V., Uapjrt jb tca ]amrat`ry bjr tca ]t`ta jb âkk`.. (Jearogk, Jcgj, 07>3

@ufust =0-]aptahear 5)

cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.5.3=7->3->2.pib

Mjoogks, Djck, Yca Mjoogks Vrgtgkf ^rjfr`h4 Ghprjvgkf ]tuiakt ârbjrh`kma Ycrjufc Vrgtgkf

`ki Ycgklgkf @mrjss tca Murrgmuouh. Mc`ptar = (pp. 96-2>) jutogkas cjw tj strumtura tca 6-

aoahakt wrgtgkf `ssgfkhakt. G òsj usai p`rts jb Mc`ptar 5 tj iavaojp hy jrò raìgkf

strumtura `ki BM@s (pp. 06-5>, =9).

‟Jpprassgjk Mjspo`y.‘ Yca I`goy ]cjw wgtc Djk ]taw`rt, Duka 01, 5>01, cttp4//

tcai`goyscjw.mm.mjh/vgiajs/>>oda6/jpprassgjk-mjspo`y Qsai tj scjw ̀ k ax`hpoa jb s`tgra/p`rjiy

F`tas, Cakry Ojugs, Dr. `ki Gsèao Vgolarsjk. ‟@ Mjkvars`tgjk wgtc Gsèao Vgolarsjk Jk

@hargm`‗s Fra`t Hgfr`tgjk.‘ IuEjgs Uavgaw. 6, kj. 5 (5>0>)4 516-527. Ycgs gktarvgaw gs tca

raìgkf usai bjr tca ramgprjmò ta`mcgkf axarmgsa.

Oumjva, Dabbray. ‟^rjvgigkf Ygha tj Uaì4 Vcak, Vcara, `ki Cjw:‘ â`rsjk Mustjh

Aium`tgjk4 FAIQM 95> Ya`mcgkf Mjktakt Ogtar`my. Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>05. ^rgkt. G usai

h`targò brjh tca samtgjk jk Uamgprjmò Ya`mcgkf (p`fas 59>-59=).


Ya`mcgkf Mjktakt Ogtar`my. Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>00. ^rgkt. G wjuoi ogla tj usa tca h`targò brjh

tca samtgjk jk fr`pcgm jrf`kgzars (p`fas 03=-079) `s p`rt jb ` rabarakma fugia bjr hy stuiakts.

ûeogm Erjìm`stgkf ]arvgma/Ê]. ‟C`roah gk tca 075>s.‘ = hgkutas, =1 samjkis. cttp4//

www.pesoa`rkgkfhaig`.jrf/rasjurma/hr0=.sjmst.us.c`roah075>s/c`roah-gk-tca-075>s/ Ycgs mogp

gktrjiumai ‟Yca Fra`t Hgfr`tgjk‘ gk tca mjktaxt jb tca C`roah Uak`gss`kma.

Vgolarsjk, Gsèao. Yca V`rhtc jb Jtcar ]uks4 Yca Apgm ]tjry jb @hargm`‗s Fra`t Hgfr`tgjk.

Kaw Wjrl4 U`kijh Cjusa, 5>0>. Ycgs gs tca cgstjrgmò taxt tc`t Vgolarsjk w`s igsmussgkf gk tca

gktarvgaw. G h`y usa gt bjr ìigtgjkò axmarpts gk tca butura.

05

http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/mr13.socst.us.harlem1920s/harlem-in-the-1920s/http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/00lje7/oppression-cosplayhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-08-06.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-08-06.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-02.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-02.pdf


13/82

Vgolarsjk, Gsèao. ‟Vcak Vgoo tca Kjrtc B`ma Gts U`mgsh:‘ Yca Kaw Wjrl Yghas. D`ku`ry 00,

5>01. cttp4//www.kytghas.mjh/5>01/>0/00/jpgkgjk/suki`y/wcak-wgoo-tca-kjrtc-b`ma-gts-

r`mgsh.ctho:Zr8> Ycgs gs tca `rtgmoa bjr wcgmc stuiakts wgoo kaai tj wrgta ` ‟Oattar tj tca Aigtjr.‘

Oumjva, Dabbray. ‟V`ys jb ]attgkf ûrpjsas.‘ â`rsjk Mustjh Aium`tgjk4 FAIQM 95> Ya`mcgkf

Mjktakt Ogtar`my. Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>05. ^rgkt. ’ G usai h`targò brjh tca suesamtgjks‟Puastgjks ‟^jsai ey ]tuiakts‘ (p`fas 0>2-0>7) `ki ‟]uhh`ry Vrgtgkf‘ (p`fas 00=-009).

‟Oassjk Ygtoa4 Qsgkf Rark`muo`r `ki ]o`kf tj Qkiarst`ki tca ôgfct jb Kjrtcark @brgm`k

@hargm`ks iurgkf Uamjkstrumtgjk.‘ ^jstai ey H`rl Yw`gk Cjusa. C`rtbjri, MY. I`ta Qklkjwk.

cttp4//www.h`rltw`gkcjusa.jrf/prjfr`hs/ijwkojìs/mjursas/5>.%5>Qsgkf

%5>Rark`muo`r%5>`ki%5>]o`kf.pib ’ Ycgs cgfc smcjjo A]O oassjk po`k c`s `

mjhpracaksgva vjmèuo`ry ogst bjr ta`mcgkf tca scjrt stjry `t tca maktar jb hy oassjk.

‟H`rl Yw`gk4 Oa`rk Hjra èjut H`rl Yw`gk.‘ ^jstai ey Ê]. I`ta Qklkjwk. cttp4//

www.pes.jrf/h`rltw`gk/oa`rkhjra/ ’ Yca buoo taxt jb ‟@ Yrua ]tjry Uapa`tai Vjri bjr

Vjri @s G Ca`ri Gt‘ `ki e`mlfrjuki gkbjrh`tgjk jk raìgkf `ki Yw`gk‗s ogba m`k ea bjuki cara.

Mjoogks, Djck, Yca Mjoogks Vrgtgkf ^rjfr`h4 Ghprjvgkf ]tuiakt ârbjrh`kma Ycrjufc Vrgtgkf

`ki Ycgklgkf @mrjss tca Murrgmuouh. Mc`ptar = (pp. 96-2>) jutogkas cjw tj strumtura tca 6-

aoahakt wrgtgkf `ssgfkhakt.

Kgmcjo`s Oach`k, ‟Yca Fra`t Eo`ml Hgfr`tgjk `ki Cjw Gt Mc`kfai @hargm`4 @brgm`k-@hargm`k

Cgstjry‘, 114=1, pjstai ey Yca Bgoh @rmcgvas, H`y 01, 5>09 cttps4//www.yjutuea.mjh/w`tmc:

v8^3JLQBJbWZQ ’ 0770 gktarvgaw brjh M-]p`k‗s Ejjlkjtas sargas tc`t wgoo ea suedamt jb

oassjk

Oassjk ô`ks E`sai jk Hjvgas & Bgoh Mogps!

(Bgoh ]tuiy Vjrlscaat bjr ` Ijmuhakt`ry)

cttp4//www.ta`mcwgtchjvgas.jrf/fugias/bgoh-stuiy-wjrlscaat-ijmuhakt`ry.ctho ’ Bgoh ]tuiy

Vjrlscaat tahpo`tas `ra ojm`tai cara.

Erjisly ]mcur, Dj`k. ‟D`zz gs @ejut Braaijh4 Egooga Cjogi`y‗s @ktg-oykmcgkf ]jkf4 ]tr`kfa

Brugt.‘ Ê].. cttp4//www.pes.jrf/d`zz/mo`ssrjjh/vgsuògza.cth# Ycgs gs ` oassjk po`k tc`t

gkspgrai tca bjmus jb hy jwk oassjk.

HmL`y, Moùia (5>>3->7-00).Cjha Yj C`roah (Kjrtca`stark Oger`ry jb Eo`ml Ogtar`tura) (Lgkioa

Ojm`tgjk 506). Kjrtca`stark Qkgvarsgty ^rass. Lgkioa Aigtgjk. Ycgs gs tca suedamt jb tca oassjk

po`k

Mògbjrkg` ]t`ta Qkgvarsgty, Ijhgkfuaz Cgoos. ‟1 ^rgkmgpoas jb Mjjpar`tgva Oa`rkgkf.‘ @mmassai

jk Duka 51, 5>01. cttps4//www.msuic.aiu/ia`rcèarh`s/mjjpork.cth

0=

https://www.csudh.edu/dearhabermas/cooplrn.htmhttp://www.pbs.org/jazz/classroom/visualize.htm#http://www.teachwithmovies.org/guides/film-study-worksheet-documentary.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8OKUFOfY_Uhttp://www.pbs.org/marktwain/learnmore/http://www.marktwainhouse.org/programs/downloads/courses/20.%20Using%20Vernacular%20and%20Slang.pdfhttp://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/11/opinion/sunday/when-will-the-north-face-its-racism.html?_r=0


14/82

09


15/82

I`y 0 Oassjk Jvarvgaw4

• Ygtoa4 Vc`t gs tca C`roah Uak`gss`kma:

• ]uhh`ry jb tca Oassjk ô`k4 Qsgkf ` eaoo-rgkfar djurkò aktry `ki ` Ûa^ mo`ss igsmussgjk

str`tafy G wgoo `mtgv`ta `ki `ssass stuiakts‗ prgjr lkjwoaifa jb tca C`roah Uak`gss`kma `ki

pjst-Uamjkstrumtgjk ar` gk prap`r`tgjk bjr `k upmjhgkf ukgt.

• Yjtò tgha òojttai4 Jka 91-hgkuta mo`ss pargji• H`targòs Uaqugrai4 Laykjta prasakt`tgjk jk o`ptjp prap`rai bjr oassjk, jvarcaì prjdamtjr,

wcgtaej`ri wgtc wjrlgkf h`rlars ’ Kjta4 H`la sura o`ptjp `ki prjdamtjr `ra mjhp`tgeoa.

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Jvar`rmcgkf4 Vcy ij pajpoa mra`ta `rt: Vc`t ij tca `rts

ravaò èjut muoturò giaktgty: Vcy gs `rtgstgm axprassgjk ghpjrt`kt tj ` muotura:

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Yjpgmò4 Brjh yjur ramjooamtgjk, wc`t sghgo`rgtgas `ki

igbbarakmas `ra tcara eatwaak tca C`roah Uak`gss`kma `ki tca Aurjpa`k Uak`gss`kma:

• Mjhhjk Mjra ]t`ta ]t`ki`ris4 VC]Y.7-0>.0>. ^rjiuma moa`r `ki mjcarakt wrgtgkf gk

wcgmc tca iavaojphakt, jrf`kgz`tgjk, `ki styoa `ra `pprjprg`ta tj t`sl, purpjsa, `ki

ùigakma< VC]Y.7-0>.0>. Vrgta rjutgkaoy jvar axtakiai tgha br`has (tgha bjr raboamtgjk `ki

ravgsgjk) `ki scjrtar tgha br`has (` sgkfoa sgttgkf jr ` i`y jr twj) bjr ` r`kfa jb igsmgpogka-spamgbgm t`sls, purpjsas, `ki ùigakmas.

• H@ Murrgmuouh Br`hawjrls4 [email protected].].GG.7 @kòyza tca pjst-Mgvgo V`r struffoas jb

@brgm`k-@hargm`k hak `ki wjhak trygkf tj f`gk e`sgm mgvgo rgfcts. (C)

• Oassjk Jutmjhas4 ]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj `mtgv`ta tcagr prgjr lkjwoaifa èjut tca C`roah

Uak`gss`kma. ]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj b`hgog`rgza tcahsaovas wgtc tca mjkmapts, gia`s, `ki

tcahas jb tca upmjhgkf ukgt. ]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj raspjki hjra qugmloy `ki `rtgmuo`taoy

gk wrgtgkf `ki mjkvars`tgjk tj spjkt`kajus mrgtgmò tcgklgkf quastgjks.

Oassjk Ujìh`p4

0.) ‟Ij Kjw‘ eaoo rgkfar djurkò aktry (0> hgkutas)5.) G wgoo prjhpt stuiakts wgtc quastgjks ̀ ki pgmturas èjut tca tjpgm jb tca kaw ukgt. ]tuiakts

wgoo wrgta ijwk `kswars gkiapakiaktoy `ki tcak igsmuss `kswars gk frjups `s G mgrmuo`ta. Ycgs gs

^c`sa 0 jb tca Ûa^ hatcji. (0> hgkutas)

=.) G wgoo oaì tca mo`ss gk ` frjup igsmussgjk jb tcagr bgkigkfs. Ycgs gs Ûa^ ^c`sa 5. (0> hgkutas)

9.) G wgoo mo`rgby `ki axpo`gk `k jvarvgaw jb tca upmjhgkf hjktc-ojkf ukgt, wcgmc wgoo eafgk gk

tca kaxt mo`ss. (1 hgkutas)

1.) Jk ` kaw scaat jb p`par, stuiakts wgoo `kswar mjkmouigkf quastgjks èjut tcagr axpargakma.

Ycgs gs Ûa^ ^c`sa =. (1 hgkutas)

2.) G wgoo axpo`gk cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt bjr tca kaxt mo`ss. ]tuiakts wgoo c`ki gk òo p`pars `s

tcagr –axgt tgmlat‗ `t tca aki jb mo`ss. (1 hgkutas)Iat`goai Iasmrgptgjks jb Gk-mo`ss @mtgvgtgas `ki Cjhawjrl @ssgfkhakts4

0.) Eabjra eafgkkgkf, ragtar`ta tca axpamt`tgjks `ki fugiaogkas bjr ` s`ba `ki mjkstrumtgva

mo`ssrjjh mogh`ta jb wcgmc stuiakts scjuoi ea b`hgog`r iua tj tca pjtaktgòoy trgffargkf k`tura jb

sjha jb tca suedamt h`targò. Igspo`y ]ogia #0 jb ` Laykjta prasakt`tgjk, wcgmc wgoo mjkt`gk ` 1-

hgkuta wrgtgkf `ssgfkhakt `slgkf stuiakts tj wrgta ` djurkò aktry `kswargkf jka jb tca

bjoojwgkf quastgjks (tcagr mcjgma)4

• (`) C`va yju avar hjvai: Vc`t wara yjur jr yjur b`hgoy‗s ra`sjks bjr hjvgkf: Vc`t w`s tca

hjst igbbgmuot p`rt èjut ogvgkf sjhawcara kaw: Vc`t w`s tca east p`rt:

01


16/82

• (e) C`va yju avar mra`tai `rtwjrl (wrgtgkf, p`gktgkf, parbjrh`kma, atm.) jutsgia jb smcjjo:

Vc`t ij yju mra`ta: Vcy igi yju mra`ta tcgs p`rtgmuo`r pgama jb `rt:

B`mgogt`ta ` 1-hgkuta igsmussgjk rao`tgkf tj wc`t tcay wrjta, axpo`gkgkf cjw gt rao`tas tj tca kaw

ukgt. ]tuiakts wgoo turk gk tcagr djurkò `ssgfkhakts, wcgmc wgoo ea usai `s `k gkbjrhò

`ssasshakt jb tcagr ogtar`my slgoos.

5.) Jk ]ogias #5-05 jb tca Laykjta prasakt`tgjk, prjhpt stuiakts wgtc quastgjks `ki pgmturas

èjut tca tjpgm jb tca kaw ukgt. @oojw => samjkis `btar a`mc sogia bjr tca stuiakt tj djt ijwk èrgab iasmrgptgjk jb wc`t gt gs, wc`t ca jr sca tcgkls gt gs, jr wc`t tca wjri avjlas ’ e`sai jk

pravgjusoy `mqugrai lkjwoaifa jr p`st axpargakma. Yca sogias scjuoi raì `s bjoojws. Uaì tca

sogias òjui gk tca m`sa jb `ky vgsuò ghp`grhakt4

• ]ogia 54 (taxt) Vc`t ij tcasa gh`fas jr wjris raprasakt tj yju: Vcy ij yju tcgkl jr baao tc`t

w`y:

• ]ogia =4 ^gmtura jb tca Mjttjk Moue, KWM

• ]ogia 94 (taxt) K@@M^

• ]ogia 14 (taxt) Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk

• ]ogia 24 (pgmtura) Yuslafaa Gkstgtuta

• ]ogia 64 (taxt) C`roah• ]ogia 34 (taxt) safraf`tgjk

• ]ogia 74 (taxt) Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt

• ]ogia 0>4 (taxt) oykmcgkf

• ]ogia 004 (taxt) mgtgzakscgp

• ]ogia 054 Uamgta ‟C`roah‘ ey O`kfstjk Cufcas. @sl stuiakts tj wrgta wc`t tcay tcgkl tca

pjah gs s`ygkf. Vcak stuiakts `ra bgkgscai wrgtgkf, `sl stuiakts tj igsmuss a`mc `kswar

(mjhp`ra `ki mjktr`st) wgtc tca parsjk kaxt tj tcah bjr 1 hgkutas.

=.) Mòo tca mo`ss tjfatcar tj igsmuss tcagr bgkigkfs `s ` frjup. Vrgta òo `kswars jk tca

wcgtaej`ri `s tca stuiakts vjouktaar tcah. Ycak, prjvgia stuiakts wgtc tca ‟mjrramt‘ iabgkgtgjk

jb a`mc gtah. @sl stuiakts gb tcay kjtgma `ky p`ttarks jr trakis gk tcagr mo`ssh`tas‗ raspjksas jrwcy stuiakts mcjsa mart`gk raspjksas. Mjooamt stuiakt p`pars `t tca aki jb tcgs igsmussgjk.

9) Jk ]ogia #0=, mo`rgby `ki axpo`gk `k jvarvgaw jb tca upmjhgkf hjktc-ojkf ukgt, wcgmc wgoo

eafgk gk tca kaxt mo`ss. Ergaboy iasmrgea tca jedamtgva jb a`mc jb tca bjur samtgjks, haktgjkgkf

`ky upmjhgkf `ssasshakts `ki iaìogkas.

• G. Mjhprjhgsa jr M`pgtuo`tgjk4 ârspamtgvas jk Uamjkstrumtgkf `k Giaktgty

! Qsgkf prgh`ry sjurmas, stuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj ax`hgka tca cgstjrgmò avakts `ki

igbbargkf pjogtgmò `ttgtuias tc`t oai tj tca bjrh`tgjk jb tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt `ki tca K@@M .̂

Yca `ssasshakt wgoo gkvjova ` hjiark ra-ak`mthakt jb tca iae`ta eatwaak tcasa twj b`mtgjks vg`

` 6-aoahakt wrgtgkf `ssgfkhakt. @ vjmèuo`ry/raìgkf qugz wgoo òsj ea usai bjr `ssasshakt. Ycgs

avakgkf‗s cjhawjrl wgoo eafgk tcgs oassjk.! Yca samjki p`rt jb tcgs samtgjk wgoo bjmus jk aharfgkf @brgm`k-@hargm`k muoturò

trìgtgjks. Yca gkigvgiuò `ssasshakt wgoo bjmus jk `k ukiarst`kigkf jb jrò trìgtgjks usgkf `

scjrt stjry ey H`rl Yw`gk.

• GG. Yca Fra`t Hgfr`tgjk

! Yca assaktgò quastgjk tj `kswar gs wcy @brgm`k-@hargm`ks baot mjhpaooai tj hjva tj

tca Kjrtc. Mjhpracaksgjk wgoo ea `ssassai tcrjufc ` ramgprjmò ta`mcgkf `mtgvgty tca mjhpoatgjk

jb ` samjki 6-aoahakt wrgtgkf `ssgfkhakt.

• GGG. ^jst-Hgfr`tgjk Ogba gk Kaw Wjrl Mgty

02


17/82

! Vc`t w`s C`roah ogla `t tcgs tgha: Cjw igi tca kagfcejrcjji tr`ksgtgjk: Ycgs

h`targò wgoo mjvar 1 mo`ss sassgjks `s `k ghharsgva axpargakma gk wcgmc stuiakts wgoo raì

Moùia HmL`y‗s kjvao Cjha tj C`roah usgkf raìgkf fugias. ]tuiakts wgoo ea `ssassai tcrjufc

` qugz.

• GR. @rtgstgm Oaf`mgas jb tca C`roah Uak`gss`kma

! Ycgs samtgjk wgoo survay sgfkgbgm`kt `rtgstgm `mcgavahakt (pjatry, bgmtgjk, ir`h`, vgsuò

`ki parbjrhgkf `rts) iurgkf tcgs tgha pargji jvar tca mjursa jb bgva sassgjks. ]tuiakts wgoo ea`ssassai tcrjufc ` mjjpar`tgva frjup prjdamt wcara tcay `ra tj mra`ta ` husauh axcgegt

mjhhahjr`tgkf jka jb tca `rtgsts wa c`va stuigai.

• R. Ax`hgk`tgjk

! Gk-mo`ss wrgttak ukgt tast

! Yrgp`rtgta4 Huotgpoa-mcjgma, scjrt `kswar, `ki ass`y

1.) Jk ` kaw scaat jb p`par, stuiakts wgoo `kswar mjkmouigkf quastgjks èjut tcagr axpargakma.

Ycgs wgoo ea tcagr ‟axgt tgmlat.‘ Ycasa quastgjks wgoo ea igspo`yai jk ]ogia #09 `ki wgoo raì `s

bjoojws4

• E`sai jk jur igsmussgjk `t tcgs pjgkt, ij yju c`va `ky kaw gia`s jr baaogkfs èjut tcgs ukgt:

• Vc`t wjuoi yju ogla tj saa ìirassai gk tcgs ukgt:• @ra yju wjrrgai èjut `kytcgkf tc`t hgfct ea mjvarai:

• Mcjjsa jka gia` prasaktai ey jka jb yjur mo`ssh`tas iurgkf igsmussgjk tji`y `ki axpo`gk wcy

yju bjuki gt p`rtgmuo`roy gktarastgkf.

2.) Yca avakgkf‗s cjhawjrl wgoo ea tj raì tca axmarpts brjh Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk‗s 0371

‟@to`kt` Mjhprjhgsa‘ spaamc `ki V.A.E. IuEjgs‗ 07>5 Yca ]juos jb Eo`ml Bjol `ki `kswar

quastgjks jk ` wjrlscaat bjr tca purpjsa jb akc`kmgkf ukiarst`kigkf `ki `kòysgs.

@ssasshakts

• Eaoo Ugkfar/Djurkò Aktry4 Ycgs gs `k gkbjrhò `ssasshakt tc`t gs ukfrìai, eut usai `s ` fugia

bjr tca ta`mcar‗s `w`rakass jb stuiakt‗s ogtar`my slgoos `s waoo `s `ky parsjkò gssuas tc`t `ra

`bbamtgkf `mìahgm parbjrh`kma. Ycjufctbuo, `rtgmuo`ta `kswars wgoo ghprjva ` stuiakt‗s mo`ss p`rtgmgp`tgjk frìa.

• Ûa^ `kswar scaats (gkmouigkf ‟axgt tgmlat‘)4 @f`gk, tji`y‗s quastgjks `ki igsmussgjks wara

o`rfaoy `k gkbjrhò `ssasshakt tj fugia tca ta`mcar‗s oassjk po`kkgkf bjr tcgs p`rtgmuo`r mo`ss,

eut ejtc pjsgtgva `ki kaf`tgva p`rtgmgp`tgjk m`k b`mtjr gktj ` stuiakt‗s p`rtgmgp`tgjk frìa.

^`rtgmgp`tgjk `ssasshakts `ra tr`mlai wgtc ` mcaml h`rl jr ` zarj \>X.

@kkjt`tai Egeogjfr`pcy

Djcksjk, H`gsc` T. Jkogka. @mmassai cttp4//avaryi`ybahgkgsh.mjh/5>01/>2/muoturò-

`pprjprg`tgjk-wrjkf/:

uthZsjurma8]jmgòV`rb`ra&uthZhaiguh8b`maejjl&uthZm`hp`gfk8]jmgòV`rb`ra jk Duka

50, 5>01. Eojf aktry jutogkgkf iabgkgtgjk jb ‟muoturò `pprjprg`tgjk‘ wgtc hjiark ax`hpoas

Oumjva, Dabbray. ‟V`ys tj @ii `ki @mtgv`ta E`mlfrjuki Lkjwoaifa.‘ â`rsjk Mustjh

Aium`tgjk4 FAIQM 95> Ya`mcgkf Mjktakt Ogtar`my. Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>00. ^rgkt. Yca ‟Ûa^"

gkstrumtgjkò tamckgqua w`s bjuki gk tcgs ejjl jk p`fa p`fa 021.

06


18/82

Cufcas, O`kfstjk. ‟C`roah‘ brjh Mjooamtai ^jahs. Kaw Wjrl4 U`kijh Cjusa, Gkm., 077>.

Jkogka. @mmassai brjh4 cttp4//www.pjatrybjuki`tgjk.jrf/pjah/061339 jk H`y 52, 5>01. Ycgs gs

tca pjah stuiakts wgoo raspjki tj gk hy oassjk po`k tc`t G c`va hahjrgzai ey c`ppakst`kma.



sjurma ra`igkfs bjr tca cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt `ra bjuki cara.

03

https://sheg.stanford.edu/booker-t-washington-duboishttp://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/175884


19/82

K`ha4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ I`ta4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZ Mo`ss ârgji4 ZZZZZZ

Uaìgkf ^rgh`ry ]jurmas

Cjhawjrl @ssgfkhakt

Jk ` sap`r`ta scaat jb p`par, `kswar tca bjoojwgkf quastgjks usgkf tca Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk

`ki V.A.E. IuEjgs raìgkfs. ôa`sa st`poa tcgs wjrlscaat tj yjur `kswar scaat.

0.) Qsgkf ` igmtgjk`ry, iabgka tca bjoojwgkf wjris4

vassao

caaigkf

gkdukmtgjk

p`mgbygkf

igsakbr`kmcgsahakt

spamt`tjrs

bgiaogty

eastjwai

5.) Gk Ijmuhakt @, wcj gs Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk s`ygkf gs ‟gfkjr`kt `ki gkaxpargakmai:‘

=.) Axpo`gk tca hat`pcjr tc`t V`scgkftjk usas. Vcj gs ha`kt tj raprasakt a`mc scgp: Vc`t gs

raprasaktai ey tca ‟eumlat jb w`tar‘:

9.) Gk Ijmuhakt E, wcy ij yju tcgkl V.A.E. IuEjgs usas tca tarh ‟Kafrj‘ gk rabarakma tj

@brgm`k-@hargm`ks wcara`s V`scgkftjk ijas kjt usa tcgs tarh:

1.) Vc`t typa jb ùigakma ij yju tcgkl V`scgkftjk gs ìirassgkf: Mgta `t oa`st jka pgama jbtaxtuò avgiakma bjr yjur `kswar.

2.) Gk Puastgjk 1, ijas yjur `kswar mjktr`st brjh tca ùigakma wcjh IuEjgs gs ìirassgkf gk

Ijmuhakt E: @f`gk, mgta `t oa`st jka pgama jb taxtuò avgiakma bjr tcgs `kswar.

6) @mmjrigkf tj IuEjgs, gt gs ` bòsa mo`gh tc`t @brgm`k-@hargm`ks m`k survgva jkoy tcrjufc

ZZZZZZZZZZ. Vc`t `ra tca tcraa tcgkfs tc`t IuEjgs `sls tcah fgva up:

3.) Gk Ijmuhakt E, cjw ijas V.A.E. IuEjgs baao èjut Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk: Gk jtcar wjris,

wc`t gs tca hjji, jr `ttgtuia jb tca ùtcjr tjw`ris cgs suedamt:

7.) Vc`t ijas IuEjgs ha`k ey ‟takiar jb tca pòh er`kmc‘:

0>.) Vc`t ax`hpoas ijas IuEjgs prjvgia tj scjw tc`t V`scgkftjk‗s hass`fa c`s b`goai tcagr

r`ma:

07


20/82

Ijmuhakt @4 Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk

Gfkjr`kt `ki gkaxpargakmai, gt gs kjt str`kfa tc`t gk tca bgrst ya`rs jb jur kaw ogba waeaf`k `t tca tjp gkstaì jb `t tca ejttjh< tc`t ` sa`t gk Mjkfrass jr tca st`ta oafgso`tura

w`s hjra sjufct tc`k raò ast`ta jr gkiustrgò slgoo< tc`t tca pjogtgmò mjkvaktgjk jr stuhpspa`lgkf cì hjra `ttr`mtgjks tc`k st`rtgkf ` i`gry b`rh jr truml f`riak.

@ scgp ojst `t sa` bjr h`ky i`ys suiiakoy sgfctai ` brgakioy vassao. Brjh tca h`st jbtca ukbjrtuk`ta vassao w`s saak ` sgfkò, ‟V`tar, w`tar< wa iga jb tcgrst!‘ Yca `kswarbrjh tca brgakioy vassao `t jkma m`ha e`ml, ‟M`st ijwk yjur eumlat wcara yju `ra.‘ @samjki tgha tca sgfkò, ‟V`tar, w`tar< saki us w`tar!‘ r`k up brjh tca igstrassaivassao, `ki w`s `kswarai, ‟M`st ijwk yjur eumlat wcara yju `ra.‘ @ki ` tcgri `kibjurtc sgfkò bjr w`tar w`s `kswarai, ‟M`st ijwk yjur eumlat wcara yju `ra.‘ Yca

m`pt`gk jb tca igstrassai vassao, `t o`st caaigkf tca gkdukmtgjk, m`st ijwk cgs eumlat,`ki gt m`ha up buoo jb brasc, sp`rlogkf w`tar brjh tca hjutc jb tca @h`zjk Ugvar. Yj

tcjsa jb hy r`ma wcj iapaki jk eattargkf tcagr mjkigtgjk gk ` bjragfk o`ki jr wcjukiarastgh`ta tca ghpjrt`kma jb muotgv`tgkf brgakioy rao`tgjks wgtc tca ]jutcark wcgtah`k, wcj gs tcagr kaxt-ijjr kagfcejr, G wjuoi s`y4 ‟M`st ijwk yjur eumlat wcara yju`ra‘’ m`st gt ijwk gk h`lgkf brgakis gk avary h`koy w`y jb tca pajpoa jb òo r`mas ey

wcjh wa `ra surrjukiai….

M`st gt ijwk gk `frgmuotura, hamc`kgms, gk mjhharma, gk ijhastgm sarvgma, `ki gk tcaprjbassgjks…. Kj r`ma m`k prjspar tgoo gt oa`rks tc`t tcara gs `s humc igfkgty gk tgoogkf `bgaoi `s gk wrgtgkf ` pjah. Gt gs `t tca ejttjh jb ogba wa hust eafgk, `ki kjt `t tca tjp.

Yj tcjsa jb tca wcgta r`ma wcj ojjl tj tca gkmjhgkf jb tcjsa jb bjragfk egrtc `ki str`kfa

tjkfua `ki cègts bjr tca prjspargty jb tca ]jutc, wara G parhgttai G wjuoi rapa`t wc`t Gs`y tj hy jwk r`ma, ‟M`st ijwk yjur eumlat wcara yju `ra.‘ M`st gt ijwk `hjkf tcaagfct hgoogjks jb Kafrjas wcjsa cègts yju lkjw, wcjsa bgiaogty `ki ojva yju c`vatastai… @s wa c`va prjvai jur ojyòty tj yju gk tca p`st, gk kursgkf yjur mcgoirak,

w`tmcgkf ey tca sgml-eai jb yjur hjtcars `ki b`tcars, `ki jbtak bjoojwgkf tcah wgtcta`r-ighhai ayas tj tcagr fr`vas, sj gk tca butura, gk jur cuheoa w`y, wa scòo st`ki eyyju wgtc ` iavjtgjk tc`t kj bjragfkar m`k `pprj`mc, raìy tj o`y ijwk jur ogvas, gb kaaiea, gk iabaksa jb yjurs, gktaro`mgkf jur gkiustrgò, mjhharmgò, mgvgo, `ki raogfgjus ogba wgtcyjurs gk ` w`y tc`t scòo h`la tca gktarasts jb ejtc r`mas jka. Gk òo tcgkfs tc`t `rapuraoy sjmgò wa m`k ea `s sap`r`ta `s tca bgkfars, yat jka `s tca c`ki gk òo tcgkfs

assaktgò tj hutuò prjfrass.

]jurma4 Axmarpt brjh Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk‗s –@to`kt` Mjhprjhgsa‗ spaamc, 0371.

5>


21/82

Ijmuhakt E4 V.A.E. IuEjgs

A`sgoy tca hjst strglgkf tcgkf gk tca cgstjry jb tca @hargm`k Kafrj sgkma 0362 gs tca`smaki`kmy jb Hr. Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk. Gt eaf`k `t tca tgha wcak w`r hahjrgas `kigiaòs wara r`pgioy p`ssgkf< ` i`y jb `stjkgscgkf mjhharmgò iavaojphakt w`si`wkgkf< ` saksa jb ijuet `ki casgt`tgjk jvartjjl tca braaihak's sjks,’tcak gt w`s

tc`t cgs oaìgkf eaf`k. Hr. V`scgkftjk m`ha, wgtc ` sghpoa iabgkgta prjfr`hha, `t tcapsymcjojfgmò hjhakt wcak tca k`tgjk w`s ` ogttoa `sc`hai jb c`vgkf eastjwai sjhumc saktghakt jk Kafrjas \iurgkf UamjkstrumtgjkX, `ki w`s mjkmaktr`tgkf gtsakarfgas jk Ijoo`rs….

Hr. V`scgkftjk's prjfr`hha pr`mtgmòoy `mmapts tca òoafai gkbargjrgty jb tca Kafrj

r`mas…. Hr. V`scgkftjk wgtcir`ws h`ky jb tca cgfc iah`kis jb Kafrjas `s hak `ki @hargm`k mgtgzaks….

Gk `kswar tj tcgs, gt c`s eaak mo`ghai tc`t tca Kafrj m`k survgva jkoy tcrjufcsuehgssgjk. Hr. V`scgkftjk igstgkmtoy `sls tc`t eo`ml pajpoa fgva up, `t oa`st bjr tcaprasakt, tcraa tcgkfs,’

Bgrst, pjogtgmò pjwar,

]amjki, gksgstakma jk mgvgo rgfcts,

Ycgri, cgfcar aium`tgjk jb Kafrj yjutc, `ki mjkmaktr`ta òo tcagr akarfgas jk gkiustrgòaium`tgjk, `ki `mmuhuo`tgjk jb waòtc, `ki tca mjkmgog`tgjk jb tca ]jutc. Ycgs pjogmy c`s

eaak mjur`fajusoy `ki gksgstaktoy ìvjm`tai bjr jvar bgbtaak ya`rs, `ki c`s eaaktrguhpc`kt bjr parc`ps tak ya`rs. @s ` rasuot jb tcgs takiar jb tca pòh-er`kmc, wc`t c`seaak tca raturk: Gk tcasa ya`rs tcara c`va jmmurrai4

0. Yca igsbr`kmcgsahakt jb tca Kafrj.

5. Yca oafò mra`tgjk jb ` igstgkmt st`tus jb mgvgo gkbargjrgty bjr tca Kafrj.

=. Yca staìy wgtcir`wò jb `gi brjh gkstgtutgjks bjr tca cgfcar tr`gkgkf jb tca Kafrj.

Cgs ijmtrgka c`s takiai tj h`la tca wcgtas, Kjrtc `ki ]jutc, scgbt tca euriak jb tcaKafrj prjeoah tj tca Kafrj's scjuoiars `ki st`ki `sgia `s mrgtgmò `ki r`tcarpassghgstgm spamt`tjrs< wcak gk b`mt tca euriak eaojkfs tj tca k`tgjk, `ki tca c`kis jbkjka jb us `ra moa`k gb wa eaki kjt jur akarfgas tj rgfctgkf tcasa fra`t wrjkfs.

]jurma4 V. A. E. IuEjgs, Yca ]juos jb Eo`ml Bjol (Mcgm`fj, 07>=).

50


22/82

I`y 5 Oassjk Jvarvgaw4

• Ygtoa4 Qkiarst`kigkf Cgstjrgmò Mjktaxt Ycrjufc @ Mojsa Uaìgkf jb tca Vrgtgkfs jb Ejjlar

Y. V`scgkftjk `ki V.A.E. IuEjgs

• ]uhh`ry jb tca Oassjk ô`k4 G wgoo iahjkstr`ta cgstjrgmò mjktaxt tcrjufc `k gktar`mtgva

tghaogka jb avakts (e`sai jk ` mjhegk`tgjk jb igramt gkstrumtgjk, ta`mcar hjiaogkf, `ki frjup

p`rtgmgp`tgjk) oaìgkf up tj tca tgha pargji jb o`st kgfct‗s raìgkfs.

• Yjtò tgha òojttai4 0 91-hgkuta mo`ss pargji

• H`targòs Uaqugrai4

# Mjpgas jb tghaogka fr`pcgm jrf`kgzar c`kijuts

# Axtr` mjpgas jb Ijmuhakts @ `ki E

# Mjpgas jb wjrlscaat bjr ijmuhakt`ry

# Yr`ksp`rakmy bjr Mojsa Uaìgkf

# Jvarcaì prjdamtjr

# Mjpgas jb Br`yar vjmèuo`ry m`ri tahpo`ta

# =x1 gkiax m`ris

# Mjpgas jb vgawgkf fugias (cjhawjrl)

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Jvar`rmcgkf4 @ra tcara hjra sugtèoa òtark`tgvas tj

fjvarkhakts `ki duigmgò systahs gk akigkf igsmrghgk`tgjk: Ij pjogtgms avar ghpaia

prjfrass:

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Yjpgmò4 Cjw abbamtgva wara tca 09tc @hakihakt `ki tca

Mgvgo Ugfcts @mt gk akigkf r`mgò igsmrghgk`tgjk: Vcj w`s Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk: Vc`t wara

cgs pjogtgmò eaogabs: Vcj w`s V.A.E. IuEjgs: Cjw igi cgs pjogtgmò eaogabs mjktr`st brjh

V`scgkftjk‗s:

• Mjhhjk Mjra ]t`ta ]t`ki`ris4

! UC.7-0>.0 Mgta spamgbgm taxtuò avgiakma tj suppjrt `kòysgs jb prgh`ry `ki

samjki`ry sjurmas, `ttakigkf tj sumc ba`turas `s tca i`ta `ki jrgfgk jb tca gkbjrh`tgjk.

! UC.7-0>.= @kòyza gk iat`go ` sargas jb avakts iasmrgeai gk ` taxt< iatarhgka wcatcara`rogar avakts mùsai o`tar jkas jr sghpoy pramaiai tcah.

! UC.7-0>.2 Mjhp`ra tca pjgkt jb vgaw jb twj jr hjra ùtcjrs tj cjw tcay tra`t

sghgo`r tjpgms, gkmouigkf wcgmc iat`gos tcay gkmouia `ki ahpc`sgza gk tcagr raspamtgva

`mmjukts.



• Oassjk Jutmjhas4 Qsgkf tca pravgjus kgfct‗s cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt, ` tghaogka fr`pcgm

jrf`kgzar, igramt gkstrumtgjk, igsmussgjk, `ki ` ergab ijmuhakt`ry mogp, stuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj

jrf`kgza tca parspamtgvas jb twj @brgm`k-@hargm`k mgvgo rgfcts‗ oaìars gk tca a`roy 5>tc

maktury wgtc raf`ris tj cgstjrgmò mjktaxt `ki butura `kòysgs.

Oassjk Ujìh`p4

0.) ‟^`gr sc`ra‘ igsmussgjk jb pravgjus kgfct‗s cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt . (1 hgkutas)0

5.) Mojsa raìgkf `mtgvgty usgkf tghaogka fr`pcgm jrf`kgzar `ki igramt gkstrumtgjk (=1 hgkutas)

*Yca pravgjus kgfct‗s cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt w`s tj raì tca axmarpts brjh Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk‗s0

‟@to`kt` Mjhprjhgsa‘ spaamc `ki V.A.E. IuEjgs‗ Yca ]juos jb Eo`ml Bjol `ki mjhpoata ` wjrlscaat.

55


23/82

=.) @ssgfk, igstrgeuta, `ki axpo`gk cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt (1 hgkutas)

Iat`goai Iasmrgptgjks jb Gk-mo`ss @mtgvgtgas `ki Cjhawjrl @ssgfkhakts4

0.) ^`gr ]c`ra (1 hgkutas)

`. Bjr bgva hgkutas `ki gk p`grs, stuiakts wgoo igsmuss tca bjoojwgkf quastgjk4 E`sai jk

o`st kgfct‗s prgh`ry sjurma raìgkf, wc`t w`s ogba ogla bjr @brgm`k-@hargm`ks gk tca ]jutc `btar

Uamjkstrumtgjk akiai gk 0366:

e. Mgrmuo`ta `rjuki tca rjjh tj mcaml o`st kgfct‗s cjhawjrl `ki `ssass prap`raikass. Ij

kjt mjooamt cjhawjrl quastgjks `s tcay wgoo kaai tcah `s ` fugia bjr tji`y‗s igsmussgjk `ki bjr

tcagr cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt.

5.) Mojsa Uaìgkf (=1 hgkutas)

`. Fgva ` tghaogka fr`pcgm jrf`kgzar c`kijut tj a`mc stuiakt `ki axpo`gk tc`t tca

tghaogkas wgoo ea bgooai jut tjfatcar `s ` mo`ss. Axpo`gk tc`t tca ùtcjrs jb tca pgamas tcay raì

wara o`rfaoy ra`mtgkf tj tca avakts jk tca tghaogka, wcgmc gs wcy tcay `ra sgfkgbgm`kt. Bjr

ax`hpoa, s`y4 @s yju wgoo saa gk tca mojsa raìgkf wa `ra èjut tj ij, i`tas `ra mrumgò tj

cgstjry. Wju ijk‗t c`va tj kamass`rgoy hahjrgza i`tas `s ` cgstjrg`k, eut gt jbtak c`ppaks

k`turòoy jut jb `k ukiarst`kigkf jb wcak mart`gk avakts t`la po`ma. Kjta4 ` ‟cjrsascja‘ sa`tgkf

`rr`kfahakt gs prabarèoa bjr tcgs `mtgvgty sj tca ta`mcar `ki stuiakts `ra vgsgeoa tj jka `kjtcar.

e. ût tca tghaogka tr`ksp`rakmy jk tca jvarcaì prjdamtjr. @sl tca stuiakts tj t`la jut

tca V`scgkftjk raìgkf bgrst. Cgfcogfct `spamts jb tca raìgkf `s yju axpo`gk a`mc avakt jb tca

tghaogka. Bjr ax`hpoa, s`y (gk gtògms), Yca bgrst tcgkf G ij wcak G raì ` ijmuhakt gs ojjl bjr

wcj wrjta gt. Cara `t tca ejttjh gt s`ys, ‟]jurma4 Axmarpt brjh Ejjlar Y. V̀ scgkftjk‗s –@to`kt`

Mjhprjhgsa‗ spaamc, 0371.‘ H`rl 0371 jk yjur tghaogka. Eatwaak wc`t twj avakts ijas gt bòo:

Mòo jk sjhajka cara. Fra`t. Oat‗s tòl èjut tcasa twj avakts sgkma tcay s`kiwgmc tca ya`r wcak

V`scgkftjk wrjta4 tca bjukigkf jb tca Yuslafaa Gkstgtuta gk 0330 `ki tca ]upraha Mjurt m`sa jb

ôassy v. Barfusjk gk 0372. Bgrst, ijas `kyjka lkjw wcj bjukiai tca Yuslafaa Gkstgtuta: Yca

stuiakts `ra kjt axpamtai tj lkjw tcgs sgkma gt gs kjt haktgjkai gk tca raìgkfs. ^rjvgia tcah

wgtc tca `kswar gb tcay ijk‗t lkjw. Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk, wcj wrjta tca pgama. (ahpc`sgza) Ca bjukiai tca Yuslafaa Gkstgtuta tj ta`mc wjrlbjrma slgoos tj @brgm`k @hargm`ks. Vc`t ij yju

suspamt cgs pjsgtgjk gk @hargm`k sjmgaty w`s wcak ca wrjta tcgs spaamc gk 0371: Uahahear4 ca

w`s gk ` pjsgtgjk tj st`rt `k aium`tgjkò gkstgtutgjk gk 0330, `ki ca w`s spa`lgkf tj ` ka`roy òo-

wcgta ùigakma gk @to`kt`. Ij yju tcgkl tcgs gkbjrh`tgjk ghp`mts wcy ca eaogavas `s ca ijas:

Vc`t w`s cgs str`tafy cara: Laap igsmussgjks ergab gk jriar tj tj h`gkt`gk tgha.

m. Yr`ksgtgjk tj ôassy v. Barfusjk, axpo`gkgkf cjw tca ]upraha Mjurt m`sa oafògzai Dgh

Mrjw o`ws tc`t h`gkt`gkai ‟sap`r`ta eut aquò‘ astèogschakts. Axpo`gk tca jrgfgks jb Dgh Mrjw

o`ws, `ki kjta tc`t tcgs ruogkf c`ppakai ` ya`r `btar V`scgkftjk‗s spaamc. Kjta tc`t gk 07>0, tca

o`st eo`ml raprasakt`tgva ojst cgs sa`t gk Mjkfrass. Vgtc raspamt tj tcgs mjurt m`sa, iabgka `ki

cgfcogfct tca sgfkgbgm`kma jb4 ia b`mtj safraf`tgjk, ia dura safraf`tgjk, oykmcgkf, Dgh Mrjw,`ki igsakbr`kmcgsahakt (kjtgkf saahgkfoy gkigramt e`rrgars tj aktry bjr eo`ml vjtars \pjoo t`x,

ogtar`my tastsX).

i. Igsmuss @brgm`k-@hargm`k hgogt`ry gkvjovahakt gk tca ]p`kgsc-@hargm`k V`r.

a. @sl tca stuiakts tj ramòo tca 09tc @hakihakt. Axpo`gk tca 0361 Mgvgo Ugfcts @mt.

Ycak, axpo`gk tca mjkmassgjks tjw`ris @brgm`k-@hargm`ks, cgfcogfctgkf tca Mjhprjhgsa jb 0366

`ki tca 033= kuoogbgm`tgjk jb tca Mgvgo Ugfcts @mt, usgkf tcasa avakts `s pramursjrs.

5=


24/82

b. ]`y, Kjw tc`t wa c`va hjra e`mlfrjuki lkjwoaifa, wa `ra fjgkf tj raì tca

ijmuhakt `f`gk sj wa m`k pr`mtgma mojsa raìgkf. Wju m`k put tca tghaogka `sgia bjr kjw `ki

dust ogstak uktgo gt‗s yjur turk tj raì. @t a`mc stjppgkf pjgkt, mo`rgby vjmèuo`ry tarhs `ki

iabgkgtgjks brjh Puastgjk 0 jk o`st kgfct‗s cjhawjrl.

f. Mòo jk sjhajka tj raì tca bgrst samtgjk, st`rtgkf wgtc ‟gfkjr`kt‘ `ki akigkf wgtc tca

wjri ‟f`riak.‘ @btar tca stuiakt raìs, `sl tca mo`ss, ‟Vcj gs ca mòogkf –gfkjr`kt `ki

gkaxpargakmai:‗ Vcy:‘ @kswar4 @brgm`k-@hargm`ks/Ca gs ìirassgkf ` wcgta ùigakma. (Ycjufc

`kswars m`k ea v`rgai. ]tuiakts scjuoi ea òojwai tj axpojra igbbarakt w`ys jb ir`wgkf

mjkmousgjks.)

c. @btar igsmussgjk, mòo jk sjhajka tj raì tca kaxt p`r`fr`pc, st`rtgkf wgtc ‟` scgp‘ `ki

akigkf wgtc ‟surrjukiai‘ @f`gk, `sl tca mo`ss, ‟Vc`t ijas ca w`kt cgs baoojw @brgm`k-

@hargm`ks tj ij cara:‘ @kswar4 V`scgkftjk w`kts tcah tj st`y gk tca ]jutc jr ‟m`st ijwk tcagr

eumlat wcara tcay `ra.‘ Ca prasakts ` brgakioy iapgmtgjk jb ]jutcark wcgtas. @sl wc`t gs ha`kt

ey ‟tcara gs `s humc igfkgty gk taoogkf tca bgaoi.‘ @ra cgs axpamt`tgjks ojw jr cgfc bjr eo`ml

wjrlars: Kjta tca wjri ‟bgiaogty‘ `ki cgs oglakgkf jb tcah tj sarv`kts jb wcgta hak. Iabgka

`ssghgo`tgjk.

g. Mòo jk sjhajka tj raì tca bgkò twj p`r`fr`pcs. @sl mjkmouigkf quastgjks. Bjr

ax`hpoa, ]j, wc`t ij yju tcgkl: Ca‗s kjt p`rtgmuo`roy giaògstgm, eut ij yju tcgkl ca w`s saoogkf

cgs pajpoa scjrt, `s IuEjgs saahs tj tcgkl: Jr w`s ca eagkf raògstgm `ki mùtgjk`ry: Vc`t

spurrai gktaooamtuòs ogla IuEjgs tj t`la tca pjsgtgjk ca igi:

=.) Cjhawjrl @ssgfkhakt4 Br`yar vjmèuo`ry m`ris jk lay tarhs brjh V`scgkftjk `ki

IuEjgs oassjks< ijmuhakt`ry mogps `ki 0>-quastgjk vgawgkf fugia

@ssasshakts4

• Cjhawjrl brjh pravgjus kgfct4 Uaìgkf quastgjks jk V`scgkftjk `ki IuEjgs raìgkfs,

mcamlai gk eafgkkgkf jb mo`ss, òojwai tj usa tj suppjrt igsmussgjk `ki mojsa raìgkf `mtgvgtgas

• ]tuiakt ^`rtgmgp`tgjk4 Igramt gkstrumtgjk brjh mojsa raìgkf `ki tghaogka `mtgvgty wgoo ea

ba`turai gk upmjhgkf Yypa 5 vjmèuo`ry/raìgkf qugz

@kkjt`tai Egeogjfr`pcy4

Oumjva, Dabbray. ‟Gktrjiumgkf Yamckgmò Rjmèuo`ry.‘ â`rsjk Mustjh Aium`tgjk4 FAIQM 95>






59

https://sheg.stanford.edu/booker-t-washington-dubois


25/82

Rjmèuo`ry M`ris @ssgfkhakt `ki Pugz Jvarvgaw

@s prap`r`tgjk bjr ` qugz jk (i`ta), mra`ta ` twj-sgiai vjmèuo`ry m`ri (saa tahpo`ta)bjr a`mc jb tca 05 lay tarhs (eaojw) brjh tca V`scgkftjk `ki IuEjgs oassjk. ]gkma yju

c`va iabgkai tca bgrst agfct wjris bjr yjur pravgjus cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt, ` pjrtgjk jb

tca wjrl gs òraìy bgkgscai.

vassao

caaigkf

gkdukmtgjk

p`mgbygkf

igsakbr`kmcgsahakt

spamt`tjrs

bgiaogtyeastjwai

ia b`mtj safraf`tgjkia dura safraf`tgjk

Dgh Mrjw

`ssghgo`tgjk

@s par tca tahpo`ta, a`mc m`ri raqugras tca bjoojwgkf4

• ]gia 04 Vrgta tca wjri `ki prjvgia ` shòo, suhh`rgzgkf gooustr`tgjk. G‗h kjtojjlgkf bjr Hjkat‗s ‟V`tar Ogogas‘ cara, dust ` qugml slatmc jr ig`fr`h tj caop yju

rahahear.

• ]gia 54 ^rjvgia ` e`sgm igmtgjk`ry iabgkgtgjk bjr tca wjri `ki usa tca wjri gk `kjrgfgkò saktakma.

Wjur mjhpoatai 05 m`ris `ra iua `t tca eafgkkgkf tca kaxt mo`ss pargji. @s usuò, tca

ruoas bjr o`ta, hgssgkf, jr gkmjhpoata cjhawjrl `ppoy.

Yca h`gk bjmus jk tca qugz wgoo ea tca vjmèuo`ry. Wju scjuoi ea prap`rai tj

ukiarst`ki tca iabgkgtgjks jb òo jb tca ogstai tarhs. Wju scjuoi òsj bjmus jk tca

p`rtgmuo`r cgstjrgmò mjktaxt jb4 ia b`mtj safraf`tgjk, ia dura safraf`tgjk, Dgh Mrjw,

igsakbr`kmcgsahakt, `ki `ssghgo`tgjk `s gt rao`tas tj @brgm`k-@hargm`k pjogtgms `ki

pjogtgmò jrf`kgz`tgjks iurgkf tca pjst-Uamjkstrumtgjk tgha pargji gk wcgmc V.A.E.IuEjgs `ki Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk ogvai.

51


26/82

Rjm`euo`ry M`ris ’ Yahpo`ta

Qsgkf ` =x1 gkiax m`ri, bjoojw tca ax`hpoa eaojw bjr a`mc vjm`euo`ry wjri.

52

Vjri4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Gooustr`tgjk4

Wjur K`ha

]gia 0

Iabgkgtgjk4

]aktakma Ax`hpoa4

]gia 5


27/82

Q.]. Cgstjry GG

E`mlfrjuki Yghaogka ’

V`scgkftjk & IuEjgs Uaìgkfs

K`ha4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Mo`ss ârgji4 ZZZZZZZ I`ta4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

56

Yca 09tc@hakihakt

0323

Yca Mjhprjhgsa jb0366

Yca ]p`kgsc-@hargm`kV`r0373

0330Bjukigkf jb Yuslafaa

Gkstgtuta

0361 Yca Mgvgo Ugfcts @mt

0372ôassy v. Barfusjk


28/82

I`y = Oassjk Jvarvgaw4

• Ygtoa4 @ssghgo`tgjk jr Igsruptgjk:4 V`scgkftjk, IuEjgs, `ki tca Bjuki`tgjks jb ]jmgò

Mc`kfa

• ]uhh`ry jb tca Oassjk ô`k4 ]tuiakts wgoo stuiy haig` sjurmas èjut Ejjlar Y.

V`scgkftjk, V.A.E. IuEjgs, `ki tca bjuki`tgjks jb v`rgjus @brgm`k-@hargm`k pjogtgmò

jrf`kgz`tgjks wcgoa bgoogkf jut ` vgawgkf fugia.

• Yjtò tgha òojttai4 0 91-hgkuta mo`ss pargji

• H`targòs Uaqugrai4

# Mjhputar wgtc Gktarkat

# Jvarcaì prjdamtjr

# Mjpgas jb prgh`ry sjurma raìgkfs

#Mjpgas jb ijmuhakt `kòysgs wjrlscaat

# Mjpgas jb 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Jvar`rmcgkf4 @ra tcara hjra sugtèoa òtark`tgvas tj

fjvarkhakts `ki duigmgò systahs gk akigkf igsmrghgk`tgjk: Ij pjogtgms avar ghpaia

prjfrass:

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Yjpgmò4 Vc`t wara tca igbbarakt pjogtgmò str`tafgas

akijrsai `ki ahpojyai ey V`scgkftjk `ki IuEjgs: Vc`t w`s tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt: Vc`t

gs tca K@@M^:


! UG.7-0>.6 @kòyza v`rgjus `mmjukts jb ` suedamt tjoi gk igbbarakt haiguhs (a.f., ` parsjk‗s ogba

stjry gk ejtc prgkt `ki huotghaig`), iatarhgkgkf wcgmc iat`gos `ra ahpc`sgzai gk a`mc `mmjukt.

! UC.7-0>.0 Mgta spamgbgm taxtuò avgiakma tj suppjrt `kòysgs jb prgh`ry `ki samjki`ry

sjurmas, `ttakigkf tj sumc ba`turas `s tca i`ta `ki jrgfgk jb tca gkbjrh`tgjk.

! UC.7-0>.5 @kòyza gk iat`go ` sargas jb avakts iasmrgeai gk ` taxt< iatarhgka wcatcar a`rogar

avakts mùsai o`tar jkas jr sghpoy pramaiai tcah.

! UC.7-0>.7 Mjhp`ra `ki mjktr`st tra`thakts jb tca s`ha tjpgm gk savarò prgh`ry `ki

samjki`ry sjurmas.

! ]O.7-0>.0. Gkgtg`ta `ki p`rtgmgp`ta abbamtgvaoy gk ` r`kfa jb mjooèjr`tgva igsmussgjks (jka-jk-

jka, gk frjups, `ki ta`mcar-oai) wgtc igvarsa p`rtkars jk frìas 7”0> tjpgms, taxts, `ki gssuas,

eugoigkf jk jtcars‗ gia`s `ki axprassgkf tcagr jwk moa`roy `ki parsu`sgvaoy.



• Oassjk Jutmjhas4 ]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj jedamtgvaoy `kòyza prgh`ry sjurma ijmuhakts

`ki wjrl tjfatcar tj syktcasgza tca gkbjrh`tgjk. ]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj axpo`gk tca ghp`mt

jb fr`ssrjjts pjogtgmò jrf`kgz`tgjks sumc `s tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt.

Oassjk Ujìh`p4

0.) Mcaml cjhawjrl (vjmè m`ris `ki vgawgkf fugia) wcgoa stuiakts w`tmc bgoh mogp gktrjiumgkf

tji`y‗s oassjk (= hgkutas)

5.) Dgfs`w/^rgh`ry ]jurma Ijmuhakt @kòysgs (=6 hgkutas)

=.) Gktrjiuma 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt bjr Cjhawjrl (1 hgkutas)


0.) Eabjra wa akf`fa gk tca prgh`ry sjurma raìgkf `mtgvgty, tca stuiakts wgoo w`tmc `

ijmuhakt`ry mogp brjh tca Ê] sargas ‟Yca Ugsa jb Dgh Mrjw‘ bjr e`mlfrjuki gkbjrh`tgjk,

53


29/82

gkmra`sai mo`rgbgm`tgjk, `ki tj òsj `ssgst tcjsa wcj oa`rk hjra vgsuòoy. Bgrst, stuiakts wgoo w`tmc

tca scjrt ijmuhakt`ry Igvarfakt Aium`tgjkò ^cgojsjpcgas4 V̀ scgkftjk, IuEjgs, `ki F`rvay `s

G mcaml tc`t tcay c`va mjhpoatai tcagr vjmè m`ris `ki vgawgkf fugias tc`t `ra iua.

5.) `. (0> hgkutas) ]tuiakts wgoo ea igvgiai gktj 1 frjups mjksgstgkf jb 1 stuiakts a`mc. A`mc

parsjk gk ` frjup wgoo ea `ssgfkai ` prgh`ry sjurma brjh tca bjoojwgkf ogst. ]tuiakts wgoo raì

tcagr sjurma gkiapakiaktoy, `kòyzgkf gt usgkf tca akmojsai wjrlscaat brjh tca K`tgjkò

@rmcgvas. Ijmuhakts scjuoi ea `ssgfkai e`sai jk raìgkf oavao usgkf igbbaraktg`tai gkstrumtgjk.

Ijmuhakts `ra `s bjoojws4

• Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt ’ ]t`tahakt jb ^rgkmgpoas

• Jvgkftjk, H`ry V. ’ Oattar tj V.A.E. IuEjgs

• Hgtmcaoo, Fajrfa V. ’ Uapjrt brjh tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt 07>7 Mjkbarakma

• Hgtmcaoo, Fajrfa V. ’ Uapjrt brjh tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt 07>7 Mjkbarakma

• Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt ’ Jpak Oattar tj Mjooafa Hak4 Yca Ha`kgkf jb tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt

`ki tca Dukgjr Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt

e. (5 hgkutas par stuiakt jr 0> hgkutas) Qpjk mjhpoatgjk jb tca wjrlscaat, a`mc stuiakt

wgoo axpo`gk `ki ‟ta`mc‘ tcagr ijmuhakt tj tcagr frjup.

m. (0> hgkutas) ]tuiakts wgoo suhh`rgza tcagr bgkigkfs tjfatcar jk jka scaat jb p`par`kswargkf tca bjoojwgkf quastgjk `ki suppoahaktò quastgjks4 Qsgkf jkoy tca prgh`ry sjurma

raìgkfs wc`t ij wa lkjw èjut tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt:

• Vcj mjhprgsai tca Hjvahakt:

• Vcj wara gts oaìars:

• Vc`t w`s gts purpjsa:

• Vc`t `mtgvgtgas wara jrf`kgzai:

• Vcara wara tcay ojm`tai: Vara tcay ojm`tai gk hjra tc`k jka po`ma:

• Vara tcara `ky mrgtgmgshs jr sate`mls:

• Vc`t ij yju tcgkl gs tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt‗s rjoa gk Q.]. cgstjry:

=.) Mjooamt suhh`rgas `ki gktrjiuma cjhawjrl (6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt4 Yca UavjoutgjkVgoo Kjt Ea Ywaatai… jr Vgoo gt:) (1 hgkutas)

@ssasshakts4

• Rgawgkf Fugias4 Bjr prap`r`tgjk bjr tji`y‗s Dgfs`w `mtgvgty

• Br`yar Rjmèuo`ry M`ris4 Lay tarhs brjh IuEjgs/V`scgkftjk ukgt tj `ssass ukiarst`kigkf jb

tamckgmò vjmèuo`ry `ki cgstjrgmò mjktaxt

• Frjup suhh`rgas4 Yj `ssass mjooèjr`tgjk abbjrts `ki ukiarst`kigkf jb tca sgfkgbgm`kma jb tca

Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt tj Q.]. pjogtgmò cgstjry

• 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt4 Yj `ssass ègogty tj syktcasgza `ki mjkkamt cgstjrgmò iae`ta tj

mjktahpjr`ry gssuas

@kkjt`tai Egeogjfr`pcy4




57


30/82




‟Igvarfakt Aium`tgjkò ^cgojsjpcgas4 V`scgkftjk, IuEjgs, `ki F`rvay.‘ 54==. ^jstai ey Ê]

Oa`rkgkf Haig`. I`ta Qklkjwk. cttp4//www.pesoa`rkgkfhaig`.jrf/rasjurma/

7707`>79-2390-9b05-`266-=1a1213i9>b`/7707`>79-2390-9b05-`266-=1a1213i9>b`/ Ycgs gs tca

haig` mogp scjwk gk tca eafgkkgkf jb mo`ss.

‟V.A.E. IuEjgs `ki tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt.‘ 9 hgkutas. ^jstai ey Cgstjry Mc`kkao. I`ta

Qklkjwk. cttp4//www.cgstjry.mjh/tjpgms/eo`ml-cgstjry/eo`ml-cgstjry-hjktc/vgiajs/wae-iuejgs-

`ki-tca-kg`f`r`-hjvahakt Ycgs gs tca ijmuhakt`ry mogp usai bjr tca pravgjus kgfct‗s cjhawjrl.

‟Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk `ki V.A.E. IuEjgs4 Yca Mjkbogmt.‘ =4=0. ^jstai ey Ê] Oa`rkgkfHaig`. I`ta Qklkjwk. cttp4//www.pesoa`rkgkfhaig`.jrf/rasjurma/eb0>.sjmst.us.gkiust.ejjlart/

ejjlar-t-w`scgkftjk-`ki-wae-iu-ejgs-tca-mjkbogmt/ Ycgs gs tca ijmuhakt`ry mogp usai bjr tca

pravgjus kgfct‗s cjhawjrl.

^rgh`ry ]jurmas Qsai bjr Dgfs̀ w @mtgvgty (brjh V.A.E. IuEjgs Oger`ry `t QH`ss @hcarst)

Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt. ]t`tahakt jb ^rgkmgpoas. (07>1). cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/mjooamtgjks/

ataxt/iuejgs/kg`f`r`.pib

Jvgkftjk, H`ry V., oattar tj V. A. E. Iu Ejgs. (Kaw Wjrl, K.W., 07>1 ]aptahear 5)cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.ex>>1b33->0.pib

Hgtmcaoo, Fajrfa V., Uapjrt jb tca ]amrat`ry bjr tca ]t`ta jb âkksyov`kg` jb tca K.H.

Mjkbarakma Caoi `t ]a` Gsoa Mgty, K.D. @uf. 01tc tj 03tc, 07>7. (].o., 07>7 @ufust)

cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.5.3=7-0>-00.pib

Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt, @k Jpak Oattar tj Mjooafa Hak4 Yca Ha`kgkf jb tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt

`ki tca Dukgjr Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt. (].o.4 s.k., 07>7)

cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.5.3=7-0>->5.pib

Hgtmcaoo, Fajrfa V., Uapjrt jb tca ]amrat`ry bjr tca ]t`ta jb âkk`.. (Jearogk, Jcgj, 07>3

@ufust =0-]aptahear 5)

cttp4//smu`.oger`ry.uh`ss.aiu/igfgtò/iuejgs/=05.5.3=7->3->2.pib

=>

http://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-08-06.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-08-06.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-02.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-02.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-11.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.2.839-10-11.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.bx005f88-01.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/digital/dubois/312.bx005f88-01.pdfhttp://scua.library.umass.edu/collections/etext/dubois/niagara.pdfhttp://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/bf10.socst.us.indust.bookert/booker-t-washington-and-web-du-bois-the-conflict/http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/black-history-month/videos/web-dubois-and-the-niagara-movementhttp://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/9919a094-6841-4f12-a677-35e5658d40fa/9919a094-6841-4f12-a677-35e5658d40fa/https://sheg.stanford.edu/booker-t-washington-dubois


31/82

K`ha ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ I`ta4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Mo`ss ârgji4 ZZZZZZ

Ijmuhakt @kòysgs Vjrlscaat

0. YWÂ JB IJMQHAKY (Mcaml jka)4

ZZZ Kawsp`par ZZZ Oattar

ZZZ ^`takt

ZZZ Hahjr`kiuh

ZZZ H`p

ZZZ Yaoafr`h

ZZZ ^rass raoa`sa

ZZZ Uapjrt

ZZZ @ivartgsahakt

ZZZ Mjkfrassgjkò ramjri

ZZZ Maksus rapjrt ZZZ Jtcar

5. QKGPQA ^CW]GM@O PQ@OGYGA] JB YCA IJMQHAKY (Mcaml jka jr hjra)4

ZZZ Gktarastgkf oattarcaì

ZZZ C`kiwrgttak

ZZZ Yypai

ZZZ ]aòs

ZZZ Kjt`tgjks

ZZZ "UAMAGRAI" st`hp

ZZZ Jtcar

=. I@YA(]) JB IJMQHAKY4

9. @QYCJU (JU MUA@YJU) JB YCA IJMQHAKY4

1. ^J]GYGJK (YGYOA)4

2. BJU VC@Y @QIGAKMA V@] YCA IJMQHAKY VUGYYAK:

^`fa 0 jb 0

=0


32/82

IJMQHAKY GKBJUH@YGJK (Ycara `ra h`ky pjssgeoa w`ys tj `kswar @-A.)

@. Ogst tcraa tcgkfs tca ùtcjr s`gi tc`t yju tcgkl `ra ghpjrt`kt4

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ



E. Vcy ij yju tcgkl tcgs ijmuhakt w`s wrgttak:



M. Vc`t avgiakma gk tca ijmuhakt caops yju lkjw wcy gt w`s wrgttak: Pujta brjh tca

ijmuhakt.



I. Ogst twj tcgkfs tca ijmuhakt taoos yju èjut ogba gk tca Qkgtai ]t`tas `t tca tgha gt w`swrgttak4



A. Vrgta ` quastgjk tj tca ùtcjr tc`t gs oabt uk`kswarai ey tca ijmuhakt4



Iasgfkai `ki iavaojpai ey tca

Aium`tgjk ]t`bb, K`tgjkò @rmcgvas `ki Uamjris @ihgkgstr`tgjk, V`scgkftjk, IM 5>9>3.

^`fa 5 jb 5

=5


33/82

K`ha ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ I t̀a4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Mo`ss ârgji4 ZZZZZZ

Rgawgkf Fugia

V`tmc tca twj ijmuhakt`ry mogps `ki `kswar tca bjoojwgkf quastgjks usgkf ` sap`r`ta

scaat jb p`par.Ijmuhakt`ry 0 ’ Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk `ki V.A.E. IuEjgs4 Yca Mjkbogmt

0.) V`scgkftjk w`s ` vary pjpuo`r bgfura gk tca a`roy 07>>s. Yj wc`t ij yju `ttrgeuta

cgs pjpuo`rgty:

5.) Vc`t w`s Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk's `ttgtuia raf`rigkf mgvgo rgfcts: Axpo`gk.

=.) Iasmrgea tca hgssgjk jb V`scgkftjk‗s Yuslafaa Gkstgtuta. Vc`t wara sjha jbV`scgkftjk‗s fjòs wcak ca bjukiai tca smcjjo:

9.) Iasmrgea sjha jb tca mrgtgmgsh IuEjgs vjgmai tjw`ris V`scgkftjk. Ij yju tcgkl gt

w`s b`gr: Axpo`gk.

Ijmuhakt`ry 5 ’ V.A.E IuEjgs `ki tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt

1.) Vcj igi IuEjgs rabar tj `s tca ‟tòaktai taktc‘:

2.) Vc`t dje igi IuEjgs ij wcak ca hjvai tj Yakkassaa brjh tca Kjrtc:

6.) V.A.E. IuEjgs w`s tca bgrst eo`ml h`k gk tca Qkgtai ]t`tas tj

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ.

3.) Vcy w`s gt mòoai tca ‟Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt‘:

7.) K`ha jka rgfct mòoai bjr gk tca Kg`f`r` Hjvahakt‗s prjmo`h`tgjk.

0>.) Vc`t w`s tca m`tòyst (tca avakt tc`t erjufct gt èjut) tj tca bjrh`tgjk jb tcaK@@M^:

==


34/82

6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt

K`ha4 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Mo`ss4 ZZZZZZZZZ I`ta4 ZZZZZZZZZZ

Yca Uavjoutgjk Vgoo Kjt Ea Ywaatai… jr Vgoo gt:

0.) @ssgfkhakt ]uhh`ry4Kjw tc`t wa c`va `kòyzai tca iae`ta eatwaak Ejjlar Y. V`scgkftjk `ki V.A.E.

IuEjgs `s waoo `s tca cgstjrgmò e`mlfrjukis jb tca twj bgfuras, ij yju tcgkl tc`t

tcara `ra sghgo`r `rfuhakts tji`y surrjukigkf r`ma rao`tgjks: @ p`rjiy gs ` typa jb

ogtar`ry s`tgra tc`t t`las ` cuhjrjus spgk jk ` waoo-lkjwk `rtgstgm jr gktaooamtuò wjrl.

Yca Jkgjk kawsp`par `ki ]`turi`y Kgfct Ogva `ra twj b`hjus ax`hpoas jb jutoats

tc`t usa cuhjr tj jbtak ravaò `k ukiaroygkf trutc jr cgfcogfct `k `kòjfjus sgtu`tgjk.Gh`fgka tca Cgstjry Mc`kkao gs ramrugtgkf stuiakts tj wrgta slatmcas tc`t wgoo ejtc

aktart`gk `ki gkbjrh hjiark ùigakmas. Ycay `ra ojjlgkf bjr smrgpts tc`t wgoo akf`fa

ìjoasmakts `ki ìuots ey prasaktgkf cgstjry `s ejtc `mmur`ta `ki `mmassgeoa. Jka jb

tca east w`ys tj `mmjhpogsc tcgs gs ey ir`wgkf `kòjfgas tj prasakt-i`y sgtu`tgjks

tcrjufc p`rjiy. Qsgkf yjur kjtas `ki `ssgfkhakts brjh tca p`st twj mo`ssas ramòogkf

tca IuEjgs/V`scgkftjk iae`ta, yju wgoo ra-mra`ta tca smak`rgj gk tca bjrh`t jb `

tcraa-p`fa po`y `s ` mjkvars`tgjk t`lgkf po`ma eatwaak twj gkigvgiuòs jvar ` sjmgò

haig` sgta jb yjur mcjgma (a.f. Ywgttar, B`maejjl, atm.).

5.) ûrpjsaYca purpjsa jb tcgs `ssgfkhakt bjr yju tj ejtc aktart`gk `ki gkbjrh èjut tca suedamth`ttar èjut wcgmc wa c`va ramaktoy oa`rkai. Bjr ax`hpoa, cjw wjuoi ` wrgtar bjr tca

Yca I`goy ]cjw jr ]`turi`y Kgfct Ogva t`la jk sumc ` mcòoakfa:

=.) Vrgtar‗s Ujoa Wjur rjoa wgoo ea tc`t jb ` braao`kma smraakwrgtar saoogkf ` scjrt slatmc tj tca Cgstjry

Mc`kkao bjr `ppa`r`kma jk tcagr waesgta.

9.) @uigakmaVrgta bjr ` mjktahpjr`ry, kjk-`mìahgm ùigakma, `fas 09 `ki up.

1.) BjrhVrgta ` =-p`fa slatmc gk tca bjrh`t jb ` smraakpo`y. Wjur po`y wgoo ea ` rataoogkf jb tca

IuEjgs/V`scgkftjk iae`ta tcrjufc ` hjiark-i`y oaks, `s t`lgkf po`ma eatwaak twj

gkigvgiuòs jvar ` sjmgò haig` sgta jb yjur mcjgma (a.f. Ywgttar, B`maejjl, atm.).

=9


35/82

2.) Bjmus Mjrramtgjk @ra`s (2> pjgkts)BM@ 04 Mjktakt (5> pjgkts)

• ]ubbgmgakt, raoav`kt iat`go (0> pjgkts)

• @ hgkghuh jb tcraa tamckgmò vjmèuo`ry wjris (0> pjgkts)

BM@ 54 Jrf`kgz`tgjk (5> pjgkts)

• @pprjprg`ta tj tca purpjsa jb tca `ssgfkhakt (0> pjgkts)

• Ghpjrt`kma jb tca cgstjrgmò iae`ta moa`r tj kjk-cgstjrg`ks (0> pjgkts)

BM@ =4 ]tyoa (5> pjgkts)

• Iahjkstr`tas akf`fahakt wgtc sjurma h`targò (0> pjgkts)

• M`pturas ùigakma gktarast (0> pjgkts)

6.) ^rjmaiuras/]taps4!Wju hust c`va yjur ir`bts gk mo`ss jk (i`ta) sgkma wa wgoo ea iavjtgkf `k aktgra mo`ss

pargji tj ravgsgkf. @osj ’ `ki `s òw`ys ’ p`pars wgoo ea h`rlai ijwk jka oattar

frìa bjr a`mc i`y o`ta.

!Wju wgoo raì yjur p`par jut ojui gk mo`ss usgkf ` jka-bjjt vjgma. Gt gs ghpjrt`kt cara

tj mcaml bjr `ky mjkbusgkf p`rts `ki h`la sura yjur smrgpt bojws waoo. Iurgkf tcgs

mo`ss pargji, a`mc parsjk wgoo òsj raì tcagr ir`bts jut ojui tj ha.

! Aigt yjur BM@s `s suffastai. Bgkò ir`bts wgoo ea iua gk tca kaxt mo`ss pargji.

=1


36/82

I`y 9 Oassjk Jvarvgaw• Ygtoa4 ‟Yca Uavjoutgjk Vgoo Kjt Ea Ywaatai‘ 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt (Yypa = `ki 9)4

^rjjbraìgkf `ki Uavgsgjks • ]uhh`ry jb tca Oassjk ô`k4 ]tuiakts wgoo raì tcagr cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakts òjui gk mo`ss

`ki haat wgtc ha bjr ` jka-jk-jka haatgkf tj igsmuss ravgsgjks bjr bgkò ir`bts.• Yjtò tgha òojttai4 0 91-hgkuta mo`ss pargji• H`targòs Uaqugrai4 ]tuiakts hust ergkf tcagr 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt tj mo`ss.• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Jvar`rmcgkf4 Vc`t rjoa ijas s`tgra po`y gk mgvgo sjmgaty:• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Yjpgmò4 Cjw gs wrgtgkf ` prjmass: Cjw `ra tca gssuas

mjkt`gkai wgtcgk tca V`scgkftjk `ki IuEjgs iae`tas raoav`kt tji`y:• Mjhhjk Mjra ]t`ta ]t`ki`ris4

!V.7-0>.= Vrgta k`rr`tgvas tj iavaojp raò jr gh`fgkai axpargakmas jr avakts usgkfabbamtgva tamckgqua, waoo-mcjsak iat`gos, `ki waoo-strumturai avakt saquakmas.

!VC]Y.7-0>.9 ^rjiuma moa`r `ki mjcarakt wrgtgkf gk wcgmc tca iavaojphakt,jrf`kgz`tgjk, `ki styoa `ra `pprjprg`ta tj t`sl, purpjsa, `ki ùigakma

!VC]Y.7-0>.1 Iavaojp `ki strakftcak wrgtgkf `s kaaiai ey po`kkgkf, ravgsgkf, aigtgkf,rawrgtgkf, jr trygkf ` kaw `pprj`mc, bjmusgkf jk ìirassgkf wc`t gs hjst sgfkgbgm`kt bjr ` spamgbgm

purpjsa `ki ùigakma.

• H@ Murrgmuouh Br`hawjrls4 [email protected].].GG.7 @kòyza tca pjst-Mgvgo V`r struffoas jb @brgm`k-@hargm`k hak `ki wjhak trygkf tj f`gk e`sgm mgvgo rgfcts. (C)

• Oassjk Jutmjhas4 ]tuiakts wgoo ukiarst`ki tca ghpjrt`kma jb ravgsgkf tj tca wrgtgkf prjmass`ki eafgk tj gktarkògza tca prjmass jb wrgtgkf. ]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj oa`rk brjh hgst`las gktcagr ir`bts, `ki iavaojp strjkfar wrgtgkf wgtc a`mc ìigtgjkò ir`bt. ]tuiakts wgoo ea èoa tjir`w mjkkamtgjks eatwaak cgstjry `ki tca wjroi gk wcgmc tcay murraktoy ogva.

Oassjk Ujìh`p40.) ]cjw slatmc ‟Jpar`tgjk Mjspo`y‘ jr `kjtcar slatmc brjh Yca I`goy ]cjw wgtc Djk ]taw`rt (=hgkutas) `s `k ax`hpoa jb s`tgra.5.) Axpo`gk tca aigtgkf prjmass bjr tji`y‗s mo`ss tcrjufc hjiaogkf ey raìgkf òjui yjur jwkwrgtgkf gk tca ‟jka-bjjt‘ vjgma, `slgkf yjursaob tcraa quastgjks4

# Igi G mjhpoata tca `ssgfkhakt:

# Ijas tca mjhpjsgtgjk sjuki rgfct: Gs gt a`sy tj raì:# Cjw `ra hy Bjmus Mjrramtgjk @ra`s:

Kjta tc`t gb yju‗ra raì-òjui sjukis tjj sojw, yju‗ra prjeèoy ijgkf gt rgfct. Kjta tc`t stuiaktsscjuoi kjt stjp tj bgx jr aigt wjrl `s tcay raì tj tcahsaovas. U`tcar tcay scjuoi sghpoy h`rl tcaspjt gk quastgjk.=.) @s stuiakts raì òjui tcagr `ssgfkhakts tj tcahsaovas, mòo a`mc stuiakt tj yjur iasl tj raìòjui tcagr `ssgfkhakts tj ha. Bgkò ir`bts wgoo ea iua gk tca kaxt mo`ss pargji. (=6 hgkutas)@ssasshakts4Mo`ss ^`rtgmgp`tgjk4 C`vgkf mjhpoatai tcagr cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakts `ki `mtgvaoy aigtgkf tcagr wjrlgk `mmjri`kma wgtc tca strumtura jb tca oassjk

@kkjt`tai Egeogjfr`pcy4Mjoogks, Djck, Yca Mjoogks Vrgtgkf ^rjfr`h4 Ghprjvgkf ]tuiakt ârbjrh`kma Ycrjufc Vrgtgkf `ki

Ycgklgkf @mrjss tca Murrgmuouh. Mc`ptar = (pp. 96-2>) jutogkas cjw tj strumtura tca 6-aoahakt

wrgtgkf `ssgfkhakt. G òsj usai p`rts jb Mc`ptar 5 tj iavaojp hy jrò raìgkf strumtura `ki BM@s

(pp. 06-5>, =9).

‟Jpprassgjk Mjspo`y.‘ Yca I`goy ]cjw wgtc Djk ]taw`rt, Duka 01, 5>01, cttp4//

tcai`goyscjw.mm.mjh/vgiajs/>>oda6/jpprassgjk-mjspo`y

=2


37/82

I`y 1 `ki I`y 2 Oassjk Jvarvgaw4

• Ygtoa4 H`rl Yw`gk‗s ‟@ Yrua ]tjry Uapa`tai Vjri bjr Vjri @s G Ca`ri Gt‘4 @k Gktrjiumtgjk

tj @brgm`k-@hargm`k Jrò Yrìgtgjk `ki Ogtar`ry Igòamt gk Cgstjrgmò Mjktaxt

• ]uhh`ry jb tca Oassjk ô`k4 Ycgs oassjk wgoo h`rl tca bgrst jb twj oassjks jk `rtgstgm

raprasakt`tgjks jb eo`ml muotura iurgkf tca pjst-Uamjkstrumtgjk pargji, prgh`rgoy bjmusgkf jk

jrò trìgtgjk. ]tuiakt-mra`tai quastgjks `ki suhh`rgzgkf wgoo ea mjhegkai gktj ` cyergihjiao `s tca h`gk gkstrumtgjkò str`tafy usai bjr tcgs p`rtgmuo`r oassjk.

• Yjtò tgha òojttai4 0-5 91-hgkuta mo`ss pargjis

• H`targòs Uaqugrai4 Mjpgas jb raìgkf (usa 5-gk-0 raìgkf/fr`pcgm jrf`kgzar c`kijut `t aki

jb ijmuhakt)

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Jvar`rmcgkf4 Vc`t gs muoturò `pprjprg`tgjk: ]cjuoi hjra

prgvgoafai frjups ea e`rrai brjh usgkf o`kfu`fa tc`t tcagr `kmastjrs usai tj axpojgt jtcars:

Cjw ijas prgjr lkjwoaifa jb cgstjry mc`kfa tca w`y gk wcgmc wa parmagva `ki `ra `bbamtai

ey tca ogtar`tura jb mart`gk tgha pargjis:

• Assaktgò Mjktakt Puastgjks ’ Yjpgmò4 Bjr wc`t purpjsas ij wrgtars usa igòamt: Gk H`rl

Yw`gk‗s scjrt stjry, wcy gs igòamt usai bjr sjha mc`r`mtars `ki kjt jtcars: Cjw ijas igòamt

suppjrt Yw`gk‗s fjòs bjr tca wjrl:


! UO.7-0>.9 Iatarhgka tca ha`kgkf jb wjris `ki pcr`sas `s tcay `ra usai gk tca taxt,

gkmouigkf bgfur`tgva `ki mjkkjt`tgva ha`kgkfs< `kòyza tca muhuo`tgva ghp`mt jb

spamgbgm wjri mcjgmas jk ha`kgkf `ki tjka (a.f., cjw tca o`kfu`fa avjlas `

saksa jb tgha `ki po`ma< cjw gt sats ` bjrhò jr gkbjrhò tjka).

! UC.7-0>.0> Ey tca aki jb frìa 0>, raì `ki mjhpracaki cgstjry/sjmgò stuigas taxts

gk tca frìas 7”0> taxt mjhpoaxgty e`ki gkiapakiaktoy `ki prjbgmgaktoy.



• Oassjk Jutmjhas4 Fgvak pravgjus cgstjrgmò e`mlfrjuki oassjks, twj mo`ss pargjis, ` eaoo-

rgkfar djurkò aktry (Mjoogks‗s Yypa 0 Vrgtgkf), igramt gkstrumtgjk, saob-iasgfkai raìgkf

quastgjks, `ki `k `kkjt`tai raìgkf wjrlscaat, stuiakts wgoo ea èoa tj ’ gkiapakiaktoy `ki

gk mjjpar`tgva frjups ’ mjktaxtuògza wjrls jb ogtar`tura `ki axpo`gk wrgtars‗ hjtgv`tgjks

ejtc bjr mra`tgkf spamgbgm mc`r`mtars `ki tcagr mc`r`mtars‗ h`kkargshs.

GGG. Oassjk Ujìh`p4

Mo`ss 0

0.) ‟Ij Kjw‘ djurkò aktry `ki mjooamt 6-Aoahakt Vrgtgkf @ssgfkhakt Bgkò Ir`bts (1 hgkutas)

5.) Igsmussgjk-e`sai igramt gkstrumtgjk (0> hgkutas)

=.) Iavaojp pra-raìgkf quastgjks (0> hgkutas)9.) Bjrh frjups (5-= stuiakts), ravgaw a`mc jtcar‗s pra-raìgkf quastgjks, `ki iamgia jk ogst jb

tak quastgjks tj ea `kswarai `btar raìgkf axarmgsa. (0> hgkutas)

1.) ]t`rt raìgkf/`kkjt`tgkf ‟@ Yrua ]tjry Uapa`tai Vjri bjr Vjri @s G Ca`ri Gt.‘ (01 hgkutas)

Kj cjhawjrl `ssgfkhakt.

Mo`ss 5

2.) Bgkgsc raìgkf `ki `kkjt`tgkf wjrlscaat (=1 hgkutas)

6.) @kswar pra-raìgkf quastgjks gkiapakiaktoy (0> hgkutas) tj ea mjhpoatai bjr cjhawjrl.

=6


38/82


0.) Qpjk `rrgvgkf tj mo`ss, stuiakts wgoo c`va bgva hgkutas tj `kswar tca bjoojwgkf quastgjk

pjstai gk brjkt jb tcah jk ` sap`r`ta scaat jb p`par4 Gk ` h`xghuh jb tak ogkas, prjvgia ` raò-

ogba ax`hpoa jb yjur jwk axpargakma jr `k axpargakma yju c`va wgtkassai wcara jtcars c`va

mjhhaktai jk tca w`y yju spa`l, irass jr `mt. Yry tj usa `k ax`hpoa wcara tca mrgtgmgzai

eac`vgjr gs suppjsaioy ‟ukgqua‘ tj ` p`rtgmuo`r muotura jr p`rt jb muoturò starajtypa.

5.) `. Eafgk igramt gkstrumtgjk tj gktrjiuma (jr ra-gktrjiuma) stuiakts tj H`rl Yw`gk `s ` prab`matj tji`y‗s mojsa raìgkf `mtgvgty. @s ` pramursjr tj @brgm`k-@hargm`k jrò trìgtgjk `s ` suetjpgm

jb tca ukgt, gktrjiuma tca ogtar`ry tarhs igòamt (tca tjpgm jb tcagr djurkò aktry) `ki rao`tai

tarhgkjojfy sumc `s `mmakt, mjoojqugògsh, so`kf, gigjhs, `ki d`rfjk. ]gkma tcasa wjris

raprasakt sueigvgsgjks jb igòamt, iabgkgtgjks m`k ea hjiaoai vg` ` ‟traa ig`fr`h‘ fr`pcgm

jrf`kgzar jk agtcar ` rabarakma c`kijut jr tcrjufc ` Laykjta prasakt`tgjk. ^rjhpt stuiakts tj

ramòo tca typas jb igòamt gk tca Qkgtai ]t`tas `ki òsj prjvgia avaryi`y ax`hpoas jb tca jtcar

ogtar`ry tarhs mjkt`gkai gk tca ig`fr`h.

e. Igsmuss tca ogtar`ry ghpoahakt`tgjk jb igòamt gk tca upmjhgkf stjry. Kjta tc`t tcjufc wa usa

èeravg`tai bjrhs jb wjris (a.f. taxtgkf, i`goy spaamc), hjst jb us c`va eaak tùfct tj raì `ki

wrgta gk ]t`ki`ri Akfogsc, sj wcak bgmtgjk wrgtars usa igòamt `s mc`r`mtargz`tgjk, gt m`k eaigbbgmuot bjr raìars tj gktarprat, avak raìars wgtc tca s`ha `mmakt `s tca mc`r`mtar.

m. V`rk stuiakts tc`t tji`y‗s raìgkf mjkt`gks twj us`fas jb tca ‟K‘ wjri, rahgkigkf tcah jb

tca fugiaogkas bjr ` pjsgtgva mo`ssrjjh mogh`ta eamùsa tcay `ra m`pèoa jb h`gkt`gkf ` h`tura,

`mìahgm igsmussgjk jb tca taxt. @sl wcy Yw`gk, `k èjogtgjkgst, wjuoi prasakt sumc wjris gk cgs

wrgtgkf. Iabgka muoturò ̀ pprjprg`tgjk.. Axpo`gk tc`t wcgoa bgmtgjk h`y ea ‟prataki‘, wrgtars ogla

Yw`gk jbtak prasakt raògtgas gk `k abbjrt tj ‟cjoi ` h`fkgbygkf h`la-up hgrrjr‘ up tj sjmgaty bjr

tca purpjsa jb igsgoousgjkhakt (varbrahiukfsabbalt jr Eramctg`k ògak`tgjk) jr m`tc`rsgs. Qsa tca

qujta brjh po`ywrgfct Aiw`ri @oeaa `s `k ax`hpoa jb tcgs pcgojsjpcy4 ‘Gb yju'ra fjgkf tj spaki

` cukirai eumls jr hjra tj fj tj tca`tra, sjhatcgkf scjuoi c`ppak tj yju. H`yea sjhaejiy

scjuoi ea `slgkf yju sjha quastgjks èjut yjur vòuas jr tca w`y yju tcgkl èjut tcgkfs, `kih`yea yju scjuoi mjha jut jb tca tca`tra wgtc sjhatcgkf c`vgkf c`ppakai tj yju, H`yea yju

scjuoi ea mc`kfgkf jr tcgklgkf èjut mc`kfgkf, eut gb yju dust fjt tcara `ki tca jkoy tcgkf yju

wjrry èjut gs wcara yju'va oabt tca i`hkai m`r, yju'va w`stai yjur cukirai eumls."

i. ^rjvgia stuiakts wgtc ` ergab sykjpsgs jb tca stjry. @k aoiaroy wjh`k, ` bjrhar so`va, ramjukts

` stjry brjh car p`st tj ` yjukf, wcgta Kjrtcarkar, e`sai jk tca trua stjry e`sai jk Yw`gk‗s

brgakiscgp wgtc ` ijhastgm sarv`kt k`hai H`ry @kk Mjri. Kjta tc`t tca rataoogkf gs `k `ttahpt tj

ghhjrtògza, jr prasarva tca oaf`my, jb jrò trìgtgjk. ^rjvgia ` vjmèuo`ry scaat, giaktgbygkf

iabgkgtgjks bjr hjra igbbgmuot tarhs `ki mjoojqugògshs gk stjry sumc `s4 ‟G w`sk‗t ejrk gk tca

h`sc tj h`la ` bjjo ey tr`sc.‘

=.) ]tuiakts wgoo iavaojp bgva pra-raìgkf quastgjks gkiapakiaktoy. Ywj quastgjks hust ea ogtarò(‟Ugfct Ycara‘ jr tca sogfctoy hjra igbbgmuot ‟Ycgkl `ki ]a`rmc‘< st`tai igramtoy gk taxt), twj

quastgjks hust ea gkbaraktgò (‟Jk Hy Jwk‘< `kswar kjt igramtoy gk taxt, eut ghpogai), `ki jka

quastgjk hust ea mrgtgmò (‟@utcjr `ki Ha‘< `kswar kjt gk taxt< cjw tca taxt `ki prgjr

lkjwoaifa bgt tjfatcar).

9.) ]tuiakts wgoo bjrh frjups jb kj hjra tc`k tcraa stuiakts `ki ravgaw a`mc jtcar‗s pra-raìgkf

quastgjks. Ycay wgoo iamgia jk ogst jb tak quastgjks tj ea `kswarai gkiapakiaktoy `btar raìgkf

axarmgsa. 5 quastgjks hust ea mrgtgmò , 9 quastgjks hust ea gkbaraktgò, `ki 9 quastgjks hust ea

ogtarò. Mgrmuo`ta, `kswargkf quastgjks `ki jbbargkf baaie`ml.

=3


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1.) C`ki jut `kkjt`tai raìgkf. Kjta tc`t stuiakts scjuoi raì tca oabt sgia jb tca wjrlscaat bgrst

sj tc`t tcay wgoo lkjw tca `kswar tcay `ra saalgkf `s tcay raì. Yca purpjsa cara gs tj pr`mtgma

`kkjt`tgkf, ‟h`rlgkf up‘, jr `mtgvaoy raìgkf ` taxt bjr ghprjvai mjhpracaksgjk.

2.) ]tuiakts wgoo mjktgkua tj wjrl jk tcgs `ssgfkhakt gk frjups iurgkf tca kaxt mo`ss sj tcara gs

kj cjhawjrl bjoojwgkf Mo`ss 0. Mjktgkua tj mgrmuo`ta.

6.) Gk mo`ss 5, wgtc tca rah`gkgkf tgha jkma bgkgscai wgtc tcagr `kkjt`tai raìgkf, stuiakts wgoo

gkiapakiaktoy `kswar tcagr saob-mra`tai quastgjks, wcgmc wgoo ea bgkgscai bjr cjhawjrl `kimjooamtai iurgkf tca kaxt mo`ss. Uahgki stuiakts tc`t kaxt mo`ss tcara wgoo òsj ea ` Rjmèuo`ry/

Uaìgkf Pugz jk tca IuEjgs/V`scgkftjk iae`tas.

@ssasshakts4

• Djurkò aktrgas4 Mjooamtai bjr `k gkbjrhò `ssasshakt `ki us`fa tjw`ris mo`ss p`rtgmgp`tgjk

frìa

• Gkigvgiuò `kswars tj frjup quastgjks4 Mjooamtai `t tca eafgkkgkf jb Mo`ss =, tj ea `ssgfkai `k

gkigvgiuò frìa r`tcar tc`k ` frjup frìa, sogfctoy o`rfar parmakt`fa jb bgkò frìa tc`k

cjhawjrl (parc`ps ` qugz frìa)

@kkjt`tai Egeogjfr`pcy4Oumjva, Dabbray. ‟V`ys jb ]attgkf ûrpjsas.‘ â`rsjk Mustjh Aium`tgjk4 FAIQM 95> Ya`mcgkf

Mjktakt Ogtar`my. Ejstjk4 â`rsjk, 5>05. ^rgkt. ’ G usai h`targò brjh tca suesamtgjks

‟Puastgjks ‟^jsai ey ]tuiakts‘ (p`fas 0>2-0>7) `ki ‟]uhh`ry Vrgtgkf‘ (p`fas 00=-009).

‟Oassjk Ygtoa4 Qsgkf Rark`muo`r `ki ]o`kf tj Qkiarst`ki tca ôgfct jb Kjrtcark @brgm`k

@hargm`ks iurgkf Uamjkstrumtgjk.‘ ^jstai ey H`rl Yw`gk Cjusa. C`rtbjri, MY. I`ta Qklkjwk.

cttp4//www.h`rltw`gkcjusa.jrf/prjfr`hs/ijwkojìs/mjursas/5>.%5>Qsgkf

%5>Rark`muo`r%5>`ki%5>]o`kf.pib ’ Ycgs cgfc smcjjo A]O oassjk po`k c`s `

mjhpracaksgva vjmèuo`ry ogst bjr ta`mcgkf tca scjrt stjry `t tca maktar jb hy oassjk.

‟H`rl Yw`gk4 Oa`rk Hjra èjut H`rl Yw`gk.‘ ^jstai ey Ê]. I`ta Qklkjwk. cttp4//

www.pes.jrf/h`rltw`gk/oa`rkhjra/ ’ Yca buoo taxt jb ‟@ Yrua ]tjry Uapa`tai Vjri bjr

Vjri @s G Ca`ri Gt‘ `ki e`mlfrjuki gkbjrh`tgjk jk raìgkf `ki Yw`gk‗s ogba m`k ea bjuki cara.

=7

http://www.pbs.org/marktwain/learnmore/http://www.marktwainhouse.org/programs/downloads/courses/20.%20Using%20Vernacular%20and%20Slang.pdf


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@ YUQA ]YJUW, UAÂ@YAI VJUI BJU VJUI @] G CA@UI GY

@utcjr4 H`rl Yw`gk

]jurma4 Yca @to`ktgm Hjktcoy , (Kjvahear, 0369)

#

Gt w`s suhhar tgha, `ki twgogfct. Va wara

sgttgkf jk tca pjrmc jb tca b`rh-cjusa, jk tca

suhhgt jb tca cgoo, `ki "@ukt U`mcao" w`s sgttgkf

raspamtbuooy eaojw jur oavao, jk tca staps,--bjr sca

w`s jur sarv`kt, `ki mjojrai. ]ca w`s jb hgfcty

br`ha `ki st`tura< sca w`s sgxty ya`rs joi, eut car

aya w`s ukighhai `ki car strakftc ukè`tai. ]ca

w`s ` mcaarbuo, ca`rty sjuo, `ki gt w`s kj hjra

trjueoa bjr car tj oùfc tc`k gt gs bjr ` egri tj sgkf.

]ca w`s ukiar bgra, kjw, `s usuò wcak tca i`y w`s

ijka. Yc`t gs tj s`y, sca w`s eagkf mc`bbai wgtcjutharmy, `ki w`s akdjygkf gt. ]ca wjuoi oat jbb paò

`btar paò jb oùfctar, `ki tcak sgt wgtc car b`ma gk

car c`kis `ki sc`la wgtc tcrjas jb akdjyhakt wcgmc

sca mjuoi kj ojkfar fat era`tc akjufc tj axprass.

@t sumc ` hjhakt `s tcgs ` tcjufct jmmurrai tj ha,

`ki G s`gi4--

"@ukt U`mcao, cjw gs gt tc`t yju'va ogvai

humanities unit: harlem renaissance

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