humid tropical (tropical wet) low latitude climate zone characteristics: hot temperatures all year...
TRANSCRIPT
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HUMID TROPICAL (Tropical Wet)
Low Latitude Climate Zone• Characteristics: Hot temperatures all year long. Rainy all year• Vegetation: Broad- leaf trees. Often forms a canopy with shrubs on earth floor (tropical rain forests)• Location: Africa, South America, and Asia• Unique Feature: Monsoon wind (seasonal winds that change direction)
Summer Monsoon: Blows over water and brings moisture.Winter Monsoon: Blows over land and is dry
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Rain forest canopy in India
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Views of a rain forest
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Heavy water-logging due to incessant monsoon rain in New Delhi on June 26, 2008.
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Road and fields that previously were under water in Cambodia
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SAVANNA(Tropical Wet and Dry)Low Latitude Climate Zone
• Characteristics: Hot temperatures for the majority of year. Has a wet season and a dry season. (See elephant and giraffe posters In classroom.)
• Vegetation: Grasslands with few scattered trees.
• Location: Africa and Australia (Outback)
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View of an African savanna
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Wet season in African savanna. What is in the tree?
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Dry season in the African savanna
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DESERT(Dry Climate)
ANY Latitude Climate Zone• Characteristics: Less than 10 inches of rain per year. Temperatures may be hot or cold depending on elevation and latitude.• Vegetation: Specially adapted plants to the dry conditions.• Location: All continents
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Spring flowers in the Sahara Desert
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Sand dunes in the Sahara Desert
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Negev Desert in Israel
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Badlands in the Negev Desert, Israel
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STEPPE or SEMIARID(Dry Climate)
ANY Latitude Climate Zone• Characteristics: Up to 20 inches of rain per
year.
• Vegetation: Generally grasslands
• Location: All continents. Usually located in the interior and often borders a desert.
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Mongolian Steppe
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Gazelles on the eastern steppe of Mongolia
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Mediterranean Climate
Middle Latitude Climate Zone• Characteristics: Dry, hot summers and wet,
mild winters. • Vegetation: Forests, grasses, and shrubs• Location: Areas near the Mediterranean Sea.
In the U.S. – southern California• Dangers: Wildfires in the dry summer and
mud slides in the wet winter
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Mountain covered with Mediterranean vegetation
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California firefighter hosing down Mediterranean plant lifeto stop the spread of a summer wildfire.
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Results of a mudslide in southern California due to Mediterranean winter rains.
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Marine West Coast Climate
Middle Latitude Climate Zone• Characteristics: Rainy year round; mild
temperatures year round due to nearness of large bodies of water
• Vegetation: Mixed forests of broadleaf (deciduous) and evergreen trees (coniferous); possible only evergreen forests
• Location: Large portion of Western Europe; in the U.S. – NW states (northern CA, OR, WA)
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Redwood forest in northern California
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Coast Redwoods, the world's tallest tree, can reach in excess of 300 feet tall.
Coast redwoods,the world’s tallest tree, canreach in excessof 300 feet tall.
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Humid Subtropical Climate
Middle Latitude Climate Zone• Characteristics: Long hot, humid summers; cool
winters with some chance of snow. Precipitation all year.
• Vegetation: Mixed forests of broadleaf (deciduous) and evergreen trees (coniferous); possible only evergreen forests
• Location: Usually the SE region of a continent. In U.S. – Southern and Gulf Coast states: NC, SC, GA, FL, LA, MS, AL, AR
• Dangers: Severe storms with heavy rains, strong winds, and high seas called hurricanes or typhoons
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Middle Latitude Climate Zone Locations
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Humid subtropical forest
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Mississippi's humid subtropical climate provides for heavy growth of greenery such as this scene.
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Humid Continental Climate
Middle Latitude Climate Zone• Characteristics: Extreme change in temperatures
from summer to winter. Summers can be warm to hot and winters can be very cold. Precipitation is year round. Four distinct seasonal changes.
• Vegetation: Mixed forests of broadleaf (deciduous) and evergreen trees (coniferous); grasslands
• Location: Usually the interior region of a continent. In U.S. – Midwestern states and NE corner (New England)
• Dangers: Severe wind storms usually at the change of cold to warm season. These are called tornadoes.
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Midwestern U.S. grasslands also known as prairies
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Wheat field after a storm
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Hoxie, Kansas, tornado in 2008
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Subarctic Climate(Taiga)
High Latitude Climate Zone
• Characteristics: Brief, cool summers; long, bitterly cold winters
• Vegetation: Large evergreen (coniferous) forests
• Location: Near Arctic Circle
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Large, coniferous woodlands
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Tundra ClimateHigh Latitude Climate Zone
• Characteristics: “Summerless” – at least 9 months are below freezing; precipitation is usually below 10 inches
• Vegetation: Vast treeless plains with low grasses, moss, and lichens (fungus)
• Location: Above Arctic Circle and Antarctica peninsulas
• Unique trait: Permafrost – ground is permanently frozen year round. Only the top few inches may thaw into wet marshes in the summer. Mosquitoes will breed in this environment.
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Ice mounds are common on the tundrawhere the permafrost lies under the surface.
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Tundra Soil Peeled Back at Level of Permafrost - Alaska
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Fireweed gives unexpected burst of color to tundra.
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Icecap Climate
High Latitude Climate Zone
• Characteristics: Summerless – ALL months are below freezing; Extremely low amounts of precipitation; windy; world’s lowest temperatures
• Vegetation: Little to no vegetation• Location: Interior of Greenland and the
Antarctica continent
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The South Pole
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A crack in the Greenland icecap with a waterfall inside.
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Highland Climate
All Climate Zones
• Characteristics: Temperatures and precipitation varies with elevation. Temperatures become colder the higher the elevation. Generally more precipitation the higher the elevation until eventually little to no precipitation.
• Vegetation: Vegetation is greater at the base of the highland. Eventually there can be no vegetation due to extreme coldness and lack of moisture.
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Telluride, Colorado