THE PROPOSED OF USING RENEWABLE ENERGY OF AIR CONDITIONING

The renewable energy can be used in order to apply a new design and system in our daily

devices such as air conditioning. This renewable energy-based air cooling system gives benefits to

others as it is does not require a conventional auxiliary heater. Other than that, it can be still supplied

the cool air at steady temperature and flow rate continuously for 24 hours a day. Besides, it is reliable,

practical, and cost-effective alternative to similar systems with electrical or fossil fuel backup.

Therefore, a solar-biomass hybrid air cooling system was designed, developed, and

investigated. Biomass power plant demands a huge amount of fuel feed which is not available readily

in all times. A feed control in biomass fuel with variable solar radiation avoids the need of solar

energy storage and saves energy cost.

SYSTEM DESIGN

This system design should developed by following a few assumptions, which are:

1. The design must considered the energy and mass balances at each component, and of overall

system.

2. The system is a steady state.

3. The specific heat and density of working fluids are constant.

4. The loss of water vapour and moisture are negligible.

5. There is no pressure loss and no heat loss or heat gain in pipes connecting the system

components.

6. Neglect the fluid temperature increase due to friction in plumbing and valves, blowers and

pumps.

7. The energy considered are solar and biomass energy, while the power consumed by other

equipment is excluded.

WORKING MECHANISM

The working mechanism of this project is categorized into three main systems. Each system

has its own components as followed; while the flow of the process for this refrigerator concept is

showed in figure 1.

i. Solar water heater system

Flat plate solar collector/panel

Hot water storage tank

Circulating pump

ii. Biomass gasifier-boiler system

Automatic up-draft gasifier

Gas-fired sensible heat boiler

iii. Absorption chiller system

Fan coil unit

Cooling tower

Three aqua pumps (hot, chilled, cooling water pumps)

Figure 1: Flow of refrigerator solar-biomass system process

solar water heater system

biomass gasifier-boiler

absorption chiller system

Generally, solar photovoltaic (PV) panel is used to collect radiation or solar energy from

sunlight so that, the energy stored can be converted to generate electricity. A solar PV panel which

consists of solid state semiconductor device main function is to convert light energy into electrical

energy. The small size of PV is usually being used in watch and calculator while the bigger one is

used for the industrial appliances. Since the output of solar panel is in direct current (DC), thus it is

usually comes with the electrical inverter which change DC to AC. Among the factor that needs to be

considerate in mounting solar collector are intensity of incident solar radiation, diffuse radiation

proportion, incident angle of beam radiation, collector slope and wind speed. In this case, the radiation

absorbed by the flat plate solar collector is used to heat the water, which is then being pump out to the

storage tanks. The temperature distribution in the tanks is obtained by the energy balance equation.

The application of flat plate solar collector is very promising since it is able to utilize the solar energy

as much as possible.

The biomass gasifier-boiler acts as heat exchanger when the heat is transport between

combustion products and water. Usually it is being located in the middle of hot water storage tanks

and the absorption chiller. Biomass gasifier-boiler has its own advantage which it can generate energy

through combustion of low grade fuels like rice husk, dried leaves and wood. It also represented as

auxiliary boiler when the solar energy supplied is not enough or even as the major heat source

whenever the solar radiation is not accessible. It is just like a backup plan if the heat available from

solar field is less or absent because of no sun in the sky. Thus, gasifier engine can be used to run the

absorption chiller. The biomass gasifier-boiler supplies hot water to the chiller and being controlled

by the using controller.

Next, an absorption chiller system is completed with generator, condenser, cooling tower, fan

coil unit, evaporator and absorber. Lithium bromide (LiBr) is one of the famous working fluid used in

the chiller. The generator required heat which comes from hot water pump of a storage tank fed by

solar collectors or sometimes boosted by the biomass boiler. The chilled water produced from chiller

is pumped to the fan coil unit in the room to provide comfort condition. The mass flow rate of dilute

solution in the generator can be determined using the energy mass balance. When the chiller generator

was active by water from boiler, the evaporator temperature started decreasing.

Briefly, the usage of solar collector and biomass gasifier-boiler can be said as the device use

for source supplied to the main chiller system. Instead of using regular electricity, the utilization of

renewable energy is being optimized to produce new generation which less dependent on non-

renewable energy. Eventhough the earliest cost is quite high but the operation cost after that will be

much cheaper.

CONCLUSION

As conclusion, this new design and system which is solar-biomass hybrid system is really

reasonable in order to have much cheaper of air conditioning system. The biomass-gasifier boiler

system used as a booster or auxiliary heater which can improve the overall system performance. Other

than that, this solar-biomass hybrid system is much better than auxiliary heat sources in terms of

chiller and overall system coefficient of performance. As it is comes from renewable sources, it also

will promote the use of efficient, clean energy sources that will be replace the fossil fuels. Besides, it

will enhance the energy efficiency applications and investments in order to contribute to the

sustainability of country development. It will decrease the greenhouse effect and ozone depletion due

to chlorofluorocarbon release to the environment. This also will effectively contribute to create safe

environment and will benefit to others.

REFERENCES

Prasartkaew, B and Kumar, S. 2013. Experimental study on the performance of solar-biomass hybrid

air-conditioning system. Renewable Energy, 57, pp. 86-93.

Prasartkaew, B. 2012. Numerical Simulation of a Solar-biomass Hybrid Cooling System: Model

Validation. 10th Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering Symposium.

Leon, M. A. 2011. An Innovative Solar-biomass Hybrid Air Heating System with Thermal Storage.

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