PAPER PRESNTATION ON

Presnted by :1. Vishal Singh2. Bharat Goyal3. Ajay singh yadav

Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology ,Guna (MP)

Imagine a car having no engine, instrument panel or foot pedals in front of you - an open, yet secure cockpit with a floor to ceiling view.

INTRODUCTION

Cars are immensely complicated machines, but they do an incredibly simple job.

Most of the complex stuff in a car is decided to turning wheel

The two basic elements that largely dictate car design today are

1. The internal combustion engine

2. Mechanical and hydraulic linkages

NEED FOR HY-WIRE CARS

There is a growing concern about the rate with which the fossil fuels are being

used.

In the present rate of usage oil will last for probably 100-200 yrs

over the next several decades we need a shift away from the fossil fuel

economy we have today

HY-WIRE BASICS

The defining characteristic of the Hy-wire is that it doesn’t have either of those two things: engine and mechanical and hydraulic linkages

Instead of an engine, it has a fuel cell stack Instead of mechanical and hydraulic linkages, it has a drive by wire system It basically have major components : 1. Skate board 2. Fuel cell 3. PEMFC 4. Motors 5. Software 6. X-Drive

Skateboard lends itself to body inch changeability and because we don’t have engine in front we can give different shapes and size.

Interiors : we can attach seats in different locations and drive from different locations.

The real magic is in the thickness of chassis. All the hardware required to control and propel the four wheels. A house inside a 6 inch thick skate board.

FUEL CELL –ON HY-WIREA fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device that

converts hydrogen and oxygen into water, producing electricity and heat in the process.

It provides a DC (direct current) voltage

It can continually recharge a fuel cell by adding chemical fuel- hydrogen for an onboard storage tank

How A Hydrogen Fuel Cell Works

The fuel cell is composed of anode, an electrolyte membrane in the center, and a cathode.

Hydrogen flows into the fuel cell anode. Platinum coating on the anode helps to separate the gas into hydrogen ions and electrons. The electrolyte membrane allows only the protons to pass through the membrane to the cathode side of the fuel cell. The electrons cannot pass through this membrane and flow through an external circuit in the form of electric current.

How a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Works

Proton exchange membrane fuel-cellThe type of fuel cell that is used in the Hy-wire car is the Proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The four basic elements of a PEM fuel cell are:-

The anode, the negative post of the fuel cell

The cathode, the positive post of the fuel cell

Electrolyte It is the proton exchange membrane . It blocks electrons .

The catalyst It is a special material that facilitates the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen. It is usually made of platinum powder very thinly coated onto carbon paper

or cloth. It is rough and porous . The platinum-coated side of the catalyst faces the PEM.

The working of PEMFC

Chemistry of a Fuel Cell Anode side: 2H2 => 4H+ + 4e- Cathode side: O2 + 4H+ +4e- => 2H2O Net reaction: 2H2 + O2 => 2H2O

Hydrogen Powered Cars

Hydrogen cars run clean.

500 cubic tons of carbon removed from atmosphere by 2040

New design possibilities because of compact hydrogen fuel cell stack

Stack of 200 cells is the size of PC.

.

Honda FCX Concept Car

Max speed 93 Mph 80hp produced 201 lb-ft torque No snap-on body More realistic 5th generation

In nearly every electric vehicle , there’s a single electric motor that powers the front wheel it’s a propulsion story only

However with the skate board ,we have motors for four wheels , i.e one at each corner and its much more than propulsion.

4-wheel motors means superior traction control and stability on all four points of road contact , it means much more safer than todays cars.

When you enter the car on the dasboard it will ask what upgrade do you want and you will be able to download them .

If you want to change how the steering feels , or you change how the brakes feel . You can set it in a blink of an eye .

It is all possible by drive by wire technology Every driving experience expressed as electronic signals far more flexible and

faster responding than mechanical linkages

DRIVE BY WIRE TECHNOLOGY

The ‘brain’ of Hy-Wire is a central computer housed in the middle of the chassis.

It sends electronic signals to The motor control unit to vary the speed.The steering mechanism to maneuver the car.The braking system to slow the car down .

It is connected to an array of advanced sensors. The computer is connected to the body’s electronics

through universal docking ports.

• X- DRIVE

X-DriveX-drive is the driver’s control unit .It has two ergonomic groups , positioned to the left

and right of a small LCD monitor.The color monitor in the center of the controller

displays speed, mileage, fuel level and the rear-view images from video cameras on the sides and back of the car, in place of conventional mirrors.

A second monitor, on a console beside the driver, shows you stereo, climate control and navigation information.

THE X-DRIVE CAN SLIDE TO EITHER SIDE OF THE VEHICLE

Fuel-Cell stack

It is made up of 200 individual cells connected in series.

It collectively provide 94 kilowatts of continuous power and 129 kilowatts at peak power.

It is kept cool by a conventional radiator system

It delivers DC voltage ranging from 125 to 200 volts

1.by-wire brakes2. fuel cell stack3.Radiator4.Valve5.hydrogen tanks6.body mounts7.universal docking port

8.by-wire system controls

9.electric engine10.by-wire steering rack

• THE HYDROGEN TANKS AND FUEL-CELL STACK IN THE HY-WIRE

Hy-wire Numbers

Top speed: 100 miles per hour (161 kph) Weight: 4,185 pounds (1,898 kg) Chassis length: 14 feet, 3 inches (4.3 meters) Chassis width: 5 feet, 5.7 inches (1.67 meters) Chassis thickness: 11 inches (28 cm) Wheels: eight-spoke, light alloy wheels. Tires: 20-inch (51-cm) in front and 22-inch (56-cm) in back Fuel-cell power: 94 kilowatts continuous, 129 kilowatts peak Fuel-cell-stack voltage: 125 to 200 volts Motor: 250- to 380-volt three-phase asynchronous electric motor Crash protection: front and rear "crush zones" (or "crash boxes") to absorb impact energy Related GM patents in progress: 30 GM team members involved in design: 500+

ADVANTAGES

1. Fuel efficient - a fuel cell vehicle could provide twice the fuel efficiency of a comparably sized conventional vehicle

2. Environment friendly - the only bi-product formed is water, which is a non-pollutant.

3. High stability - a low center of gravity, gives the architecture both a high stability and superior handling

4. Highly spacious - As there are no linkages and engine lot of legroom space is available for the passengers.

5. Driver friendly – X-Drive can be taken to anywhere inside the car Gives the driver a clear view of the road and thus increases the drivability.

6. Freedom of individual expression – freedom of individual expression

DISADVANTAGES1. Low safety -An electrical failure would mean total loss of control.

2. Storage and transportation of hydrogen fuels – production , transportation and storage of hydrogen for the on board fuel cell stack.

3. Pricing - With the current status of development, manufacturing of the Hy-wire cars on a mass scale would not at all be economical.

The X-drive, which also incorporates an electronic monitor for vital car functions, shuttles easily from side-to-side on a horizontal bar that stretches across the full width of the vehicle. It provides another example of the extreme flexibility of the car's architecture.

In fact, a lot of designers think they'll be much safer, because the central computer will be able to monitor driver input.

Putting all technical elements into the chassis provides a low center of gravity, giving the architecture both a high safety and driving dynamics potential.

Passive safety requirements will be fulfilled using impact- absorbing elements, so-called crash boxes, at a later stage of development.

FUTURE OF HY-WIREFuel cells offer a promising alternative

They need to be compelling, affordable, and profitable.

The main challenge is in the field of storage of hydrogen

CONCLUSION The Hy-wire concept has so profoundly brought about

changes in the automotive industry

GM and other auto makers are planning to launch such a vehicle for the public usage by the year 2020.

THANK YOU