hybrid keyword data driven automation frameworks
TRANSCRIPT
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Hybrid Keyword Data DrivenHybrid Keyword Data Driven
Automation FrameworksAutomation Frameworks
An Insight to Approaches, Techniques &An Insight to Approaches, Techniques &
Methodologies.Methodologies.Jonathon Lee WrightJonathon Lee Wright
[email protected]@iee.org
www.automation.org.ukwww.automation.org.uk
www.linkedin.com/in/automationwww.linkedin.com/in/automation
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Hybrid Keyword Data DrivenHybrid Keyword Data Driven
Automation FrameworksAutomation Frameworks
What does this mean to you now?What does this mean to you now?
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 1)Frameworks (Sl ide 1) 2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Introduction
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Presentation PlanPresentation Plan
BackgroundBackground
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Introduction
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 2)Frameworks (Sl ide 2)
TraditionalTraditional
ApproachApproach
Automation:Timeline
Automation:Failure Rate
Reasons forPast Failure
UnderstandingFailure
Break EvenPoint
Where toStart
GAPAnalysis
InitialInvestment
Break EvenPoint
Framework:Advantages
WhichTest Tool
One DedicatedTeam
BusinessProcess Testing
KeywordDriven
DataDriven
ModularityDriven
Summary
Framework ApproachFramework Approach(Hybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks)(Hybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks)
Buzzword HYBRIDBuzzword HYBRIDIntroduction
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 3)Frameworks (Sl ide 3)
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Moving swiftly past the hypeMoving swiftly past the hype
Historically Automation is perceived as aHistorically Automation is perceived as aSilver Bullet of the Testing world.Silver Bullet of the Testing world.
The term has been adopted into a general metaphor, where "silver bullet" refers toThe term has been adopted into a general metaphor, where "silver bullet" refers to
any straight forward solution perceived to have extreme effectivenessany straight forward solution perceived to have extreme effectiveness. The. The
phrase typically appears with an expectation that somephrase typically appears with an expectation that some new technology or practicenew technology or practice
will easily cure a major prevailing problemwill easily cure a major prevailing problem
Introduction
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 4)Frameworks (Sl ide 4)
Timeline:Timeline:
Product Test AutomationProduct Test Automation
Historical trends in automation frameworks:Historical trends in automation frameworks:
Background
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 5)Frameworks (Sl ide 5)
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Learning from past experienceLearning from past experience
2004 2010 (Estimated)
Industry: Test Automation (net worth) $1 billion $6.3 billion
Automation Projects (failure cost) $0.6 billion $3.8 billion
Background
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
92%92% FAIL TO MEET TARGET ROIFAIL TO MEET TARGET ROI
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 6)Frameworks (Sl ide 6)Source A:ROI on Test Automation - http://www.keane.com
Source B:HP pay 4.5billion to acquire mercury - http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/ 26/technology/26 hewlett.html
Reasons for past failureReasons for past failure
Lack of defined automation methodologyLack of defined automation methodology
Traditional Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
WHY DO AUTOMATIONWHY DO AUTOMATION
PROJECTS TYPICALLYPROJECTS TYPICALLY FAIL?FAIL?
ATLM Diagram:Automated Software Testing (Du stin Rashka Paul) - ISBN 0-201-43287- 0
Source:Maximizing ROI and Avoiding the Pitfalls of Test Automation (Bill Ha yduk - RTTS) - http://www.rttsweb.com/research
Automation is not treated as a legitimateAutomation is not treated as a legitimateproject with the necessary planning /project with the necessary planning /
resourcesresources
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 7)Frameworks (Sl ide 7)
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Reasons for past failureReasons for past failure
Test Automation is typically performed at the end of the development cycleTest Automation is typically performed at the end of the development cycle
UserRequirements
SystemRequirements
Global Design
Detailed Design
Implementation
Testing
Traditional - Test Automation
Functional Test Tool Dependences: Application Under Test (AUT) Delivery- Learn Object Repository
Hybrid - Test Automation
Business Process Modelling (BPM)- Mapping Business Process
Business Process Testing (BPT)- Reusable Modules (Jigsaw Pieces)
Descriptive Programming (DP)- Enables Dynamic Object Repository
Traditional Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 8)Frameworks (Sl ide 8)
Reasons for past failureReasons for past failure
After the initial success the automation scripts are not maintained for futureAfter the initial success the automation scripts are not maintained for futurebuildsbuilds
(contributing to a high failure rate of the remaining 32% of working automation projects)(contributing to a high failure rate of the remaining 32% of working automation projects)
Testers are typically untrained in test tools and programming techniquesTesters are typically untrained in test tools and programming techniques
No modularization (No modularization (reusable functionsreusable functions) in automation scripts) in automation scripts
Automated tests cases are usually designed based on front end functionalityAutomated tests cases are usually designed based on front end functionality((black box testingblack box testing))
Traditional Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 9)Frameworks (Sl ide 9)
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Putting the pieces of the puzzle togetherPutting the pieces of the puzzle together
LoginLoginRegisterRegister
ResetResetPasswordPassword
Real World ExampleReal World Example Simple Login ScreenSimple Login Screen
LOGINLOGINLOGINLOGIN
Traditional Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Registered
Registration
ForgotPassword
Login
Reset Password
BlackBlack--Box Activity DiagramBox Activity Diagram
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 10)Frameworks (Sl ide 10)
Understanding why automation failsUnderstanding why automation fails
The Mine Sweeper EffectThe Mine Sweeper Effect
Traditional Approach
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Automated testing repeats the same route over andAutomated testing repeats the same route over andover. Initially any defects that are found are whilstover. Initially any defects that are found are whilst
developing the scripts (i.e. manually)developing the scripts (i.e. manually)
Subsequent executions will have little chance of everSubsequent executions will have little chance of everfinding further defects unless the flow changesfinding further defects unless the flow changes
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 11)Frameworks (Sl ide 11)
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Record Replay is not your friendRecord Replay is not your friend
Linear process mapping (AUT)Linear process mapping (AUT)
Traditional Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 12)Frameworks (Sl ide 12) Video Source: YouTube -Bugatt i Veyron Lake Crash -http ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NJmB1F2mdE
Breaking Even PointBreaking Even Point
Preparation (Preparation (VV)) Execution (Execution (DD))ROIROI
Resource (Resource (RR) for (n) Automated Tests) for (n) Automated Tests
TestTest ManualManual AutomatedAutomated ManualManual AutomatedAutomated 11 55 1010 2020
Scenario 1Scenario 1 3030 6060 1111 1.11.1 33 149%149% 77%77% 50%50% 32%32%
Scenario 2Scenario 2 3030 6060 1111 1.11.1 33 149%149% 77%77% 50%50% 32%32%
Scenario 3Scenario 3 3030 6060 99 0.90.9 44 156%156% 86%86% 57%57% 37%37%
Scenario 4Scenario 4 3030 6060 99 0.90.9 44 156%156% 86%86% 57%57% 37%37%Scenario 5Scenario 5 3030 6060 1010 11 44 153%153% 81%81% 54%54% 35%35%
Scenario 6Scenario 6 3030 6060 1010 11 44 153%153% 81%81% 54%54% 35%35%
Scenario 7Scenario 7 3030 6060 1515 1.51.5 33 137%137% 64%64% 42%42% 27%27%
Scenario 8Scenario 8 3030 6060 3030 33 22 105%105% 42%42% 27%27% 19%19%
Scenario 9Scenario 9 3030 6060 2222 2.22.2 22 120%120% 51%51% 33%33% 22%22%
Scenario 10Scenario 10 3030 6060 1212 1.21.2 33 146%146% 73%73% 48%48% 31%31%
TotalsTotals 55 hrshrs 1010 hrshrs 140140 minsmins 1414 minsmins 3.23.2 142%142% 72%72% 47%47% 31%31%
RRnn = A= Aaa/ A/ Amm = (V= (Vaa ++ nn*D*Daa) / (V) / (Vmm ++ nn*D*Dmm))
Traditional Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Equation Source:Automated Software Testing (Dust in Rashka Paul) - ISBN 0-201-43287 -0Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 13)Frameworks (Sl ide 13)
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Framework ApproachFramework Approach
Introducing
(Hybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks)(Hybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks)
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 14)Frameworks (Sl ide 14)
Automation:Timeline
Automation:Failure Rate
Reasons forPast Failure
UnderstandingFailure
Break EvenPoint
Where toStart
GAPAnalysis
InitialInvestment
Break EvenPoint
Framework:Advantages
WhichTest Tool
One DedicatedTeam
BusinessProcess Testing
KeywordDriven
DataDriven
ModularityDriven
Summary
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Where to start?Where to start?Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Under promise,Under promise,Over deliver?Over deliver?
First find out Then you can work out
WhatWhat needsneedsto be tested?to be tested? WhatWhat needsneedsbe automated?be automated?WhatWhat cancanbe tested?be tested? WhatWhat cancanbe automated?be automated?
WhatWhat couldcouldbe tested?be tested? WhatWhat couldcouldbe automated?be automated?
Quick winsQuick winsshould beshould beavoidedavoided
StartStart SMALLSMALLthinkthink BIGBIG
NEVERNEVER expect toexpect toautomateautomate 100%100%
RememberRemember to think of each module as a individual Jigsaw piece butto think of each module as a individual Jigsaw piece butkeep in mind what is needed to complete the entire puzzlekeep in mind what is needed to complete the entire puzzle
Focus on keyFocus on keycriticalcritical businessbusiness
processesprocesses
Keep it simple,Keep it simple,wherever possiblewherever possible
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 15)Frameworks (Sl ide 15)
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Understanding theUnderstanding the full extentfull extent of Application Under Test (AUT):of Application Under Test (AUT):
GAP AnalysisGAP AnalysisFramework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
NOTE :NOTE : The GAP analysis file can be used toThe GAP analysis file can be used to generategenerate the parameter file which in turn is used to generate the dynamic object repositorythe parameter file which in turn is used to generate the dynamic object repository..
BusinessBusinessRiskRisk
ComplexityComplexity
UsageUsage FeasibilityFeasibility
ReusabilityReusability
GAP analysis = complete application functionalityGAP analysis = complete application functionality actualactual
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 16)Frameworks (Sl ide 16)
based on sample set of 10 scenariosbased on sample set of 10 scenarios
leverageleverage
leverageleverage
initialinitialinvestmentinvestment
Investing the timeInvesting the time
Allocate realistic time frames & resources to achieve the initial framework:Allocate realistic time frames & resources to achieve the initial framework:
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Framework = planning + designFramework = planning + design+ development + testing+ development + testing
Framework
20hrs (prep)
14mins(execution)
ROI = 2.8
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 17)Frameworks (Sl ide 17)
Manual
5hrs (prep)
140mins(execution)
N/A
Traditional
10hrs (prep)
14mins(execution)
ROI = 3.2
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Breaking Even PointBreaking Even Point
Preparation (Preparation (VV)) Execution (Execution (DD))ROIROI
Resource (Resource (RR) for (n) Automated Tests) for (n) Automated Tests
TestTest ManualManual AutomatedAutomated ManualManual AutomatedAutomated 11 55 1010 2020
Scenario 1Scenario 1 3030 120120 1111 1.11.1 33 295%295% 34%34% 16%16% 11%11%
Scenario 2Scenario 2 3030 120120 1111 1.11.1 33 295%295% 34%34% 16%16% 11%11%
Scenario 3Scenario 3 3030 120120 99 0.90.9 33 310%310% 38%38% 17%17% 11%11%
Scenario 4Scenario 4 3030 120120 99 0.90.9 33 310%310% 38%38% 17%17% 11%11%
Scenario 5Scenario 5 3030 120120 1010 11 33 302%302% 36%36% 16%16% 11%11%
Scenario 6Scenario 6 3030 120120 1010 11 33 302%302% 36%36% 16%16% 11%11%
Scenario 7Scenario 7 3030 120120 1515 1.51.5 33 270%270% 30%30% 15%15% 10%10%
Scenario 8Scenario 8 3030 120120 3030 33 22 205%205% 21%21% 12%12% 10%10%
Scenario 9Scenario 9 3030 120120 2222 2.22.2 22 235%235% 25%25% 13%13% 10%10%
Scenario 10Scenario 10 3030 120120 1212 1.21.2 33 288%288% 33%33% 16%16% 11%11%
TotalsTotals 55 hrshrs 2020 hrshrs 140140 minsmins 1414 minsmins 2.82.8 281%281% 33%33% 16%16% 11%11%
RRnn = A= Aaa/ A/ Amm = (V= (Va / na / n ++ nn*D*Daa) / () / (VVmm ++ nn*D*Dmm))
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 18)Frameworks (Sl ide 18)
Key AdvantagesKey AdvantagesFramework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
MaintainabilityMaintainability significantly reduces the testsignificantly reduces the test maintenancemaintenanceefforteffort
ReusabilityReusability due todue to modularitymodularityof test cases and library functionsof test cases and library functions
ManageabilityManageability -- effective test design, execution, and traceabilityeffective test design, execution, and traceability
AccessibilityAccessibility to design, develop & modify teststo design, develop & modify tests whilst executingwhilst executing
AvailabilityAvailability scheduled execution can runscheduled execution can run unattendedunattendedon aon a 24/724/7 basisbasis
ReliabilityReliability due todue to advanced error handlingadvanced error handling andand scenario recoveryscenario recovery
FlexibilityFlexibility frameworkframework independentindependentof AUT or environmentof AUT or environment
MeasurabilityMeasurability customisablecustomisable reportingreportingof testof test resultsresultsensure qualityensure quality
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 19)Frameworks (Sl ide 19)
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Which?Which?
WhichWhich Automation Tool SuitsAutomation Tool Suits You?You?
Approach BPT/BPM Keyword Data Modularity Example
Functional Test ToolFunctional Test Tool QuickTestQuickTestProfessionalProfessional
Test Management ToolTest Management Tool Quality CenterQuality Center(BPTEE,(BPTEE, BPM)BPM)
Standalone IDE ToolStandalone IDE Tool VBS (WindowsVBS (Windows
Scripting Host)Scripting Host)Combination of all the aboveCombination of all the above Hybrid Solution*Hybrid Solution*
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 20)Frameworks (Sl ide 20)
** optimised solution with preferred vendorsoptimised solution with preferred vendors
One dedicated TeamOne dedicated Team
REQUIREMENTSREQUIREMENTS TEST PLANNINGTEST PLANNING
TEST EXECUTIONTEST EXECUTION TEST REPORTINGTEST REPORTING
SOLUTIONSOLUTION
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
Business Analysts(Functional Specs)(Change Requests)
Business Analysts(Functional Specs)(Change Requests)BABA
System Analysts(Business Process Modelling)(Requests for Change)
System Analysts(Business Process Modelling)(Requests for Change)SASA
Test Analysts Test Analysts TATA
Subject Matter Experts- Domain Experts (BA/SA)- Developers
Subject Matter Experts- Domain Experts (BA/SA)- Developers
SMESME
Automation Architects Framework Automation Experts
Automation Architects Framework Automation Experts
AAAA
Test Analysts Test AnalystsTATA
Subject Matter Experts- Domain Experts (BA/SA)-Developers
Subject Matter Experts- Domain Experts (BA/SA)-Developers
SMESME
Automation Architects Framework Automation Experts
Automation Architects Framework Automation ExpertsAAAA
Test Managers Test Managers TMTM
Project Managers(Dashboard)
Project Managers(Dashboard) PMPM
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 21)Frameworks (Sl ide 21)
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Login
Subject Matter Experts (SME)Subject Matter Experts (SME)design tests using documentationdesign tests using documentation
to map logical data flow andto map logical data flow and
process modellingprocess modelling
Step 2Step 2 Design Test Case(s)Design Test Case(s)
Business Process Testing (BPT)Business Process Testing (BPT)
Collaborative
Solution
Input Field Values Screen
Format
Username 64 Characters TextPassword 12 Characters Hidden
Login Button Visible
Subject Matter Experts (SME)Subject Matter Experts (SME)
System Requirements Specification (SRS)System Requirements Specification (SRS)
Functional specifications document (FSD)Functional specifications document (FSD)Software design document (SDD)Software design document (SDD)
Detailed design document (DDD)Detailed design document (DDD)
Step 1Step 1 Export Core LogicExport Core Logic
Framework Automation ExpertsFramework Automation Experts
Step 3Step 3 Code GenerationCode Generation
Framework Automation Experts transformFramework Automation Experts transform
designed tests into automationdesigned tests into automationcomponents ready for keyword stagecomponents ready for keyword stage
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 22)Frameworks (Sl ide 22)
Login
Subject Matter Experts (SME)Subject Matter Experts (SME)
Step 4Step 4 Create Test Case(s)Create Test Case(s)
Subject Matter Experts (SME) create testSubject Matter Experts (SME) create test
cases using business level keywords storedcases using business level keywords storedwithin the MasterDriver file containing all thewithin the MasterDriver file containing all the
test scenarios relating to the AUTtest scenarios relating to the AUT
Action Object Event(Type)
Activate Login Window
Set Username Editbox
Set Password Editbox
Press Login Button
Keyword DrivenKeyword Driven
Generic Reusable Libraries
Actions
Object
Handler
Event
Handler
ObjectRepository
Actions
Example Runtime Process
The framework calls the necessaryThe framework calls the necessary
functions to process each keyword /functions to process each keyword /component and dynamically createscomponent and dynamically creates
the object repository at runthe object repository at run--timetime
Log.Framework ObjectRepository.CreateObject.Window ObjectRepository.CreateObject.Button ClearAlerts Log.Events Sync.WinWaitObject.Button Action.Preamble.Check.ButtonState Event.PushDynamic.Button Action.Postamble.Check.ButtonState Action.Reaction.Check
Popup.Handler Error.Recovery (retry/skip/baseline) Log.Results Log.Reports
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 23)Frameworks (Sl ide 23)
Driver & Data Repository
MasterDriver File Parameters File
The Hybrid Keyword Data DrivenThe Hybrid Keyword Data Driven
Automation Framework processesAutomation Framework processeseach action/object/eventeach action/object/event
keyword/component in turnkeyword/component in turn
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Guidelines behind working smarterGuidelines behind working smarter
CentralizedCentralized -- creation of the centralizedcreation of the centralized master driver filemaster driver file totoprovideprovide stablestable,, repeatablerepeatablekeyword / data driven test scenarioskeyword / data driven test scenarios
DynamicDynamic -- runtime generation of theruntime generation of the object repositoryobject repository from thefrom theparameter fileparameter file utilizingutilizing descriptive programmingdescriptive programmingtechniquestechniques
LegacyLegacy supportsupport -- forfor manualmanualexecution &execution & AUT roll backAUT roll back
VersionVersion controlledcontrolled -- codecode,, driver filesdriver files&& object repositoriesobject repositories
UnifiedUnified reportingreporting -- supportingsupporting realreal--timetimetest execution &test execution &
generic test results output (.xml) to analyze quality of buildsgeneric test results output (.xml) to analyze quality of builds GenericGeneric reusable modules / librariesreusable modules / libraries -- provide reliable processingprovide reliable processing
ofof preamblepreambleandand postamblepostamble actionsactions
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 26)Frameworks (Sl ide 26)
Modularity:Modularity:
Generic Framework ArchitectureGeneric Framework Architecture
Framework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 27)Frameworks (Sl ide 27)
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SSUMMARYUMMARYFramework Approach
2nd March 20102nd March 2010
HybridHybrid utilising the bestutilising the best technologiestechnologiesandand resourcesresources to do the jobto do the job
KeywordKeyword creating simple &creating simple & robustrobusttest cases written usingtest cases written using businessbusinesslevellevel keywordskeywords combined withcombined with natural languagenatural language
DataData effective use ofeffective use of business databusiness data to provide as anto provide as an input sourceinput source
DrivenDriven processes componentprocesses component actionsactions,, objectsobjects && eventsevents seamlesslyseamlessly
AutomationAutomation that isthat is collaborativecollaborative,, distributeddistributed andand scalablescalable
FrameworksFrameworks independent ofindependent of applicationapplication oror environmentenvironment under testunder test
Hybrid Keyword Data Driven AutomationHybrid Keyword Data Driven Automation Frameworks (Slide 28)Frameworks (Sl ide 28)
Hybrid Keyword Data DrivenHybrid Keyword Data Driven
Automation FrameworksAutomation FrameworksWhat does it mean to you now?What does it mean to you now?
Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!