Hydrogen Safety Panel and Hydrogen Safety Knowledge Tools NICK BARILO Hydrogen Program Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Meeting Arlington, VA May 14, 2013

This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential or otherwise restricted information.

PNNL-SA-94348

SCS019

PNNL Hydrogen Safety Program

• Identify Safety-Related Technical Data Gaps • Review Safety Plans and Project Designs • Perform Safety Evaluation Site Visits • Provide Technical Oversight for Other Program Areas

Hydrogen Safety Panel

• H2incidents.org • H2bestpractices.org • Hydrogen Tools Mobile Application

Safety Knowledge Tools

• Hydrogen Emergency Response Training for First Responders • Maintain Live-Fire Burn Prop

Hydrogen Safety Training

• IEA HIA Task 31 Experts Group • IAHySafe Member

International Collaborations

2

Overview

3

Barriers addressed1

A. Safety data and information: limited access and availability

C. Safety is not always treated as a continuous process

D. Lack of hydrogen knowledge by AHJs G. Insufficient technical data to revise

standards

Partners Panel member organizations

1Technical Plan – Hydrogen Safety, Codes and Standards, Section 3.7, Multi-Year Research, Development and Demonstration Plan, July 2012.

Timeline First Panel meeting: December 11, 2003 Continuing

Budget Funding received in FY12 = $625K

Hydrogen Safety Panel: $500K Safety Knowledge Tools: $125K

Planned funding for FY13 = $500K Hydrogen Safety Panel: $450K Safety Knowledge Tools: $50K

Hydrogen Safety Panel/Vision

4

Name Affiliation Nick Barilo, Program Manager* Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Bill Fort, Chair Consultant Addison Bain Consultant David Farese Air Products and Chemicals Larry Fluer* Fluer, Inc. Donald Frikken Becht Engineering Aaron Harris Sandia National Laboratories Richard Kallman* City of Santa Fe Springs, CA Miguel Maes NASA-JSC White Sands Test Facility Glenn Scheffler GWS Solutions of Tolland Andrew J. Sherman Mescoat Inc. Ian Sutherland General Motors R&D Steven Weiner* Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Robert Zalosh Firexplo

* Changes in Panel membership/responsibility

Safety practices, incorporating a wealth of historical experience with new knowledge and insights gained, are in place. Continuous and priority attention is being given to safety in all aspects of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies: research, development and demonstration; design and manufacturing; deployment and operations.

Objectives

Hydrogen Safety Panel (HSP) Provide expertise and recommendations to DOE and assist with identifying safety-related technical data gaps, best practices and lessons learned. Help DOE integrate safety planning into funded projects to ensure that all projects address and incorporate hydrogen and related safety practices.

Safety Knowledge Tools

Collect information and share lessons learned from hydrogen incidents and near-misses, with a goal of preventing similar safety events from occurring in the future. Capture vast and growing knowledge base of hydrogen experience and make it publicly available to the “hydrogen community” and stakeholders.

5

Approach Priority attention to safety and enhanced visibility

Ensuring project safety Conduct ongoing safety assessments of DOE projects through safety plan reviews and site visits Utilize Panel expertise to develop and maintain safety guidance tools; address technical safety gaps and make recommendations to DOE

Hydrogen Safety Panel Meetings Utilize meetings to engage other hydrogen and fuel cell technology stakeholders

Safety Knowledge Tools Use multiple approaches for new safety event records and best practices content Bring greater visibility to the safety knowledge tools

6

Accomplishments: Hydrogen Safety Panel

7

Accomplishments Since FY12 AMR Hydrogen Safety Panel

Completed ARRA work and issued final report, “Hydrogen Safety Panel Review of Fuel Cell Projects”

Industrial trucks (refueling and operations) Backup power Hydrogen safety checklist (outdoor storage for indoor use)

Contributed to Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (HNEI) hydrogen production and fuel station projects

Piping and instrumentation diagram review Onsite detailed design reviews Reviewed HNEI’s certification study

Contributed to IEA Hydrogen Implementing Agreement Task 31 Lead Knowledge Analysis, Dissemination and Use subtask Authored “Advancing the Hydrogen Safety Knowledge Base” Contributed to Hydrogen Safety Stakeholder Workshop

8

Accomplishments Learnings from fuel cell deployment reviews

Project Integration A thorough and integrated approach to project safety planning needs to involve all parties.

Hazard Analysis Safety vulnerability analysis needs to comprehensively consider all potential incident scenarios introduced by hydrogen/fuel cell deployment and equipment operations and exposures.

Requirements Practices in technology development phases don’t necessarily translate to safe or code compliant configurations for deployment. Safety issues associated with the modular design approach for refueling equipment need to be better understood by both manufacturers and code developers for safe and economical deployments.

Certification The role and scope of third-party certification of hydrogen and fuel cell systems need to be clarified to facilitate their commercialization.

What is covered and do certifications support or replace AHJ approval?

9

Accomplishments What have we learned about our review process

Deployment projects require a new review approach…

Timing for HSP involvement affects the benefit HSP review and site visits were provided after equipment was operational It is difficult and costly to implement recommendations affecting equipment and configuration Projects resist input when it occurs after the completion of design or construction activities

Benefits of early involvement realized in four HNEI projects: Helped the projects understand and evaluate the safety issues and code requirements Significant design changes were made based on input from the HSP Project management and stakeholders have greater confidence in approving the final configuration

10

“I believe getting the HSP involved early in the project contributes to a much safer outcome by putting many sets of highly qualified eyes on the project. In fact it would have been useful to get the HSP involved even earlier in the design process - perhaps at the preliminary design review.” Mitch Ewan, HNEI

HSP Presentation on Safety Guidance

Hydrogen Safety Panel Reviews for development projects

Project Kickoff

Project Planning

Safety Plan

Project Execution

Hydrogen Safety Panel Project Team

Safety Guidance

Safety Learnings

11

Safety Plan Review

Site Visits and Telephone Interviews

(as necessary)

Hydrogen Safety Panel Reviews for deployment projects

12

Hydrogen Safety Panel Project Team

Possible Interactions Document and Design

Reviews, P&ID Reviews, Conference Calls, etc.

HSP involvement at this phase offers the greatest opportunity for safety impact and project benefit

Safety Learnings

HSP Presentation on Safety Guidance

Safety Plan Review

Possible Interactions Commissioning Site Visits, Conf. Calls

Project Kickoff

Project Planning

• Early Planning • Preliminary Design • Definitive Design

Safety Plan

Construct and

Commission

Operation

18th Hydrogen Safety Panel Meeting Honolulu, HI, February 4-7, 2013

Focused Attention on Hydrogen Safety The concurrent timing of the HSP meeting, first responder training and visits to other facilities was beneficial for bringing focused attention to hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in Hawaii

Stakeholder/AHJ Interaction A first-of-its-kind Panel meeting with local stakeholders and AHJs discussed commercial deployment of hydrogen technologies and future energy landscape in Hawaii. Outcome: initiative to create a local hydrogen stakeholder network

Visit to the HNEI Hawaii Sustainable Energy Research Facility Informal tour and discussion regarding safety practices resulted in their consideration of several laboratory and equipment enhancements

Panel Addressing Technical Gaps Third party certification of hydrogen and fuel cell equipment and systems Cabinets, enclosures and containers used for hydrogen applications

13

Hydrogen Safety Panel Scorecard

325 safety plans reviewed 48 safety reviews conducted 18 Panel meetings held

18th Meeting, Honolulu, HI, February 4-7, 2013 16 follow-up interviews conducted

>85% of safety review recommendations voluntarily completed or in progress

6 “good example” safety plans provided 6 “white paper” recommendations submitted 3 incident investigations completed …and numerous contributions to the hydrogen safety literature

14

Proposed Future Work Hydrogen Safety Panel

Remainder FY2013 Continue early project engagements and safety plan reviews Continue Panel work on:

Third party certifications Cabinets, enclosures and containers used for hydrogen applications Input to the NFPA 2/55 committees

Manuscripts and presentations for the International Conference on Hydrogen Safety (ICHS)

FY2014 Promote and ensure safety throughout the FCT project portfolio utilizing the early engagement approach Utilize Panel resources to address safety knowledge gaps through white papers, recommendations to DOE, manuscripts, presentations and technical oversight of the Safety Knowledge Tools

15

Accomplishments: Safety Knowledge Tools

16

Accomplishments Discovering New Ways to Share Safety Knowledge

First mobile app being developed for the Fuel Cell Technologies Office

Integrates H2incidents.org and H2bestpractices.org into a single, searchable, iPad and iPhone application Features include safety planning guidance and checklists All tools (except H2incidents.org) are available without a data connection

New safety knowledge content 6 safety events added to H2incidents.org (207 total) H2bestpractices.org updated to include the safety checklist developed by the HSP

17

Accomplishments Reaching out with Safety Knowledge Tools

Year Visitors Max Visitors in

1 month 2006 3,357 751 2007 15,797 1,928 2008 25,539 4,568 2009 17,081 2,084 2010 17,502 1,954 2011 20,936 2,339 2012 19,635 2,347

18

H2incidents.org

Year Visitors Max Visitors in 1 month

2008 703 93 2009 1,029 113 2010 1,373 166 2011 1,373 167 2012 1,658 188

H2bestpractices.org

Visitors = unique visits as tracked by PNNL on a monthly basis. Regardless of how many times a particular individual may access a website during a particular month, they are counted as one unique visitor.

Total Visits for 2012 • H2incidents.org - 28,684 • H2bestpractices.org - 5,009

Proposed Future Work Focusing on visibility and integration

Remainder FY2013 Release the iPad and iPhone mobile app to the Apple App Store Participate in DOE proposed webinars on safety knowledge tools Perform website maintenance to address technical and security issues Present “Deployment of Hydrogen Fuel Cells – Safety Considerations and Resources” at the National Fire Protection Association Conference and Expo

FY2014 Add new records to H2incidents.org Add new modules to mobile app (training tools, permitting tool, bibliography, etc.) Deploy the mobile app on Android devices Combine H2incidents.org and H2bestpractices.org into one website with additional features

19

Collaborations Hydrogen Safety Panel and Safety Knowledge Tools

International Energy Agency Hydrogen Implementing Agreement Task 31 (Hydrogen Safety)

Barilo, Weiner, Farese and Fort contributed to the Hydrogen Safety Stakeholder Workshop in Bethesda, MD, in October 2012 Weiner lead author for, “Advancing the Hydrogen Safety Knowledge Base”

International Conference on Hydrogen Safety (ICHS) Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (18th Hydrogen Safety Panel meeting) Forix, LLC (mobile application developer) NFPA Conference and Expo

20

Summary

Hydrogen Safety Panel Safety planning is a critical step! The HSP’s early engagement of projects can be beneficial for the safe deployment of these technologies Learnings from the Panel’s specific project involvement can benefit the FCT program more broadly Additional Panel meetings (two per year) allow engagement with local developers, users and other stakeholders

Safety Knowledge Tools New and improved tools warrant increased DOE investment

Reaching out to new stakeholders and users is essential for enabling a safe transition to commercialization of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies To remain vital and useful, databases and websites require a concerted effort beyond general maintenance. The content must be current, relevant to the community being served and valuable to the user.

The mobile application offers a platform for bringing a variety of hydrogen tools to the public

21

“I think that the industry should regard the HSP as a very valuable knowledge resource and not as a hindrance or something that has to be endured to "check off a box". I also recommend the HSP be given a much higher profile in the program and be adequately funded to be able to execute its mandate.” Mitch Ewan, HNEI

Thank you

U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Office (Sunita Satyapal, Program Manager; Ned Stetson, Antonio Ruiz, Nha Nguyen and Will James, Safety Codes and Standards Team)

All of my colleagues at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the Hydrogen Safety Panel and other collaborators

22