hydroponics. the growing of plants in a solution of nutrients necessary for plant growth, rather...
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Hydroponics
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HydroponicsThe growing of plants in a
solution of nutrients necessary for plant growth, rather than directly in soil.
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Substratethe substance in which
something takes root
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General Facts:any plant can be grown in a
hydroponics systemalmost any system will
produce acceptable growth
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General Facts;small scale is entirely
different from the culture of several thousand plants
has contributed much to understanding plant growth
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General Facts:Very few commercial
producersMost facilities are
experimental, studying plant nutrition
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Different Names:nutriculturesolution cultureslop culturegravel culture
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Requirements for home hydroponics
best possible lighthumidity 50% or moreday temp 75 degreesnight temp 65 degrees
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Requirements for home hydroponics
no need for special drainage system
small scale, outstanding plants such as tomatoes, radishes, lettuce, carnations, roses, cabbage etc. produced
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Requirements for home hydroponics
return is not sufficient for a hobbyist to earn a living.
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Facts about hydroponic growing
plants don’t do well unless all essential nutrients are available in reasonable amounts
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Facts about hydroponic growing
25 gallon container, minimum size for proper proportion of nutrients
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Facts about hydroponic growing
the larger the particles in the substrate, the more often it must be watered.
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Commercial usevery familiar with plantsobservation can determine
temps and nutrient deficiency
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Commercial useto earn a reasonable living
you must grow thousands of plants
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Commercial useminimum of 100,000 square
feet is needed to break even financially
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Growers must know about plants
most plants are very adaptive
plants can take a lot of abuse
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Growers must know about plants
plants require a minimum amount of water, food, vitamins, sleep and proper temps.
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Growers must know about plants
each species has its own requirements for maximum growth
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Mediaalmost any inert material
may be used as a substratesubstrate must not
decompose or be too fine
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MediaRiver washed gravel is
competitive in price with soil mixtures
aeration of roots is necessary
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Various Media Typesrockvolcanic ashvermiculite - heated micaperlite - exploded volcanic
rock 1800 degrees F.
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Various Media Typespeat mossgranite or sandidealite - concrete aggregatewater
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Wateringfrequency depends upon mediaeach time a hydroponics
system is replanted, roots will be left, this increases water holding capacity
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Conventional Irrigation
floodingflood tray until water
appears at surfaceperforated tube is used to fill
and drain media as needed
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Floodingnutrient solution is pumped
back and tray is flooded again
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Disadv. Of Floodingnutrient solution can become
unbalancedbacteria and disease can be
spread
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Peripheral Gatesnutrient solution applied and
allowed to drain awaynon recirculating systemno storage tank
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Peripheral Gatesbacteria and diseases are
drained awaysolution is sprayed on
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Disadv. Of Peripheralmore expensive, solution is
not reusedspraying can cause spread of
disease by splashing
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Ooze Tube Systemdrip holes in double tubeno splashesDisadvantages: most
expensive
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Facts about nutrientsall plants require certain
basic elementsif nutrients are missing poor
growth may result
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Facts about nutrientsplants need more of the
major elements any deficiency is rapidly
apparent
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Facts about nutrientstrace minerals are often
present in tap water in sufficient amounts.
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Major Elements in a basic solution
Ca - CalciumK - PotassiumN - NitrogenP - PhosphorousMg - Magnesium
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Minor ElementsMn - ManganeseS - SulfurCu - CopperB - boron
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Minor ElementsFe - IronZn - ZincMo - Molybdenum
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RecommendationsIf less than 25 gallons of
nutrient solution is needed, purchase a commercial preparation
Get a scale that can weigh to less than 0.01 oz.
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Diatomaceous EarthSkeletons of diatoms dried and used as a filter