h$zm©q>h$ gah$ma m`- amr>r 4published ©ktbs
TRANSCRIPT
i
_m`-_amR>r4
_amR>r àW_ ^mfm nmR>çnwñVH$MARATHI FIRST LANGUAGE
B`Îmm Mm¡Wr
KARNATAKA TEXT BOOK SOCIETY (R.)No.4, 100 Feet Ring Road, Banashankari 3rd Stage,
Bengaluru - 560 085
H$Zm©Q>H$ gaH$ma
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
ii
The Textbook Society, Karnataka has been engaged in producing new textbooks according to the new syllabi prepared which in turn are designed based on NCF - 2005 since June 2010. Textbooks are prepared in 11 languages; seven of them serve as the media of instruction. From standard 1 to 4 there is the EVS and 5th to 10th there are three core subjects namely mathematics, science and social science.
NCF - 2005 has a number of special features and they are:
Connecting knowledge to life activities
Learning to shift from rote methods
Enriching the curriculum beyond textbooks
Learning experiences for the construction of knowledge
Making examinations flexible and integrating them with classroom experiences. Caring concerns within the democratic policy of the country
Make education relevant to the present and future needs.
Softening the subject boundaries integrated knowledge and the joy of learning.
The child is the constructor of knowledge
The new books are produced based on three fundamental approaches namely.
Constructive approach, Spiral Approach and Integrated approach
The learner is encouraged to think, engage in activities, masters skills and competencies. The materials presented in these books are integrated with values. The new books are not examination oriented in their nature. On the other hand they help the learner in the total development of his/her personality, thus help him/her become a healthy member of a healthy society and a productive citizen of this great country India.
The Textbook Society expresses grateful thanks to the chairpersons, writers, scrutinisers, artists, staff of DIETs and CTEs and the members of the Editorial Board and printers in helping the Text Book Society in producing these textbooks.
Preface
Prof. G.S. MudambadithayaCo-ordinator
Curriculum Revision and Textbook PreparationKarnataka Textbook Society®
Bengaluru, Karnataka
Nagendra KumarManaging Director
Karnataka Textbook Society®Bengaluru, Karnataka
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
iii
{hVJwO{‘Ìhmo,
^maVr¶ {ejU nÕVr‘ܶo A˶mYw{ZH$Vm AmUʶmgmR>r Am{U {ejU A{YH$m{YH$ {dÚmWr©H|${ÐV H$aʶmgmR>r ZdZdrZ nÕVtMm Adc§~ Ho$cm OmV Amho. n§Mdm{f©H$ ¶moOZm§à‘mUo {d{eï> Q>ß߶mda e¡j{UH$ gwYmaUm§Mo nwZamdcmoH$Z H$ê$Z doimodoir {dYm¶H$ ~Xchr Ho$co OmV AmhoV. AWm©V e¡j{UH$ gwYmaUm H$aVmZm A{cH$S>À¶m n§Mdrg dfm©V "g‘mZ amï´>r¶ e¡j{UH$ H$m¶©H«$‘' am~{dʶmV Amcm ¶mMr ^maVdmgr¶m§Zr AmdOy©Z XIc ¿¶m¶cm hdr Ago gm§Jmdogo dmQ>Vo.
gZ 1986 ‘ܶo "Zdo amï´>r¶ YmoaU' ñdrH$mê$Z {ejU nÕVrV amï´>r¶ g‘mZVoMm nm¶m KmVcm Jocm. 1998 nmgyZ g§nyU© Xoe^a "gm‘϶m©Ym[aV {ejU' ¶m gwYm[aV ¶moOZoMm àma§^ Pmcm, Am{U gw{e{jV {dÚm϶mªZm {H$‘mZ gm‘϶} àmá H$ê$Z XoʶmMr O~m~Xmar EH$ amï´>r¶ H$V©ì¶ åhUyZ {ejH$ ~§Yy ^{JZrZr ñdrH$macr.
~Xc˶m H$mimà‘mUo AmnU ñdV…À¶m amhUr‘mZ AmMma {dMmamV ~Xc H$aV AgVmo. {ejUjoÌ Ë¶mcm AndmX Zmhr. A˶mYw{ZH$Vm AmË‘gmV H$aUo, Zd {dMma KoD$Z nwT>o OmUo, hm Va "{dÚm g[aVoMm' ñWm¶r^md Amho. ~Xc åhUʶmnojm g‘mOm{^‘wI Agococo g‘mOmon¶moJr "Zd{dMma' hr H$mimMr JaO AgVo. amï´>r¶ nmVirda ¶m Zd{dMmam§Mo ‘§WZ {Za§Va hmoV AgVo. ¶m {dMma‘§WZmVyZ V¶ma hmoUmao "ZdZrV' ~mc{dH$mgmcm nwaH$ Agoc Aer Amem ‘Zr ~miJyZ 2005 ‘ܶo "Aä¶mgH«$‘mMr amï´>r¶ Mm¡H$Q>' V¶ma H$aʶmV Amcr. EZ.gr.B.Ama.Q>r. ‘ܶo V¶ma Pmcoë¶m ¶m amï´>r¶ {dMmamcm "EZ.gr.E’²$.-2005' Ago g§~mo{YʶmV Amco Amho. EZ.gr.E’²$.-2005 ~m~V {dñVmamZo {ejH$‘mJ©X{e©Ho$V ‘m{hVr {Xcocr AmhoM. VWmnr ¶m "Z°eZc H$[a³¶wc‘ ’«o$‘ dH©$ 2005' à‘mUo V¶ma Ho$coco àñVwV nmR>çnwñVH$ Amnë¶m hmVr XoVmZm "amï´>r¶ {dMmam§Mo ~rOmamonU' H$arV AmhmoV Agm R>m‘ {dídmg nmR>çnwñVH$ ‘§S>imcm dmQ>Vmo.
g˶ Am{U AqhgoÀ¶m VËdm§da ÑT> {dídmg AgUmè¶m ‘hmË‘m Jm§YrOrZmhr ‘mZdr h³H$m§gmR>r "N>moS>mo ^maV' gmaIr Midi C^mê$Z "McoOmd' Mm Zmam Úmdm cmJcm;
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
iv
ñdmV§Í¶mgmR>r "H$amo ¶m ‘amo' hr KmofUm Úmdr cmJcr.... åhUOoM H$UIa ìhmdo cmJco ho Eo{Vhm{gH$ g˶ {dgê$Z MmcUma Zmhr.
"EZ.gr.E’²$-2005' ‘YyZ {dMmamZo, AmMmamZo H$UIa Am{U à{V^mdmZ ^maVmÀ¶m C^maUrMo {~OmamonU Ho$co Amho.
{ejUmÀ¶m ¶m Zd{dMmamVyZ àoaUm KoD$Z ^mfm, J{UV, {dkmZ Am{U {deofV… g‘mO{dkmZ ¶m gd©M {df¶mVyZ EH$ àJë^ amîQ´>r¶ MoVZm XoʶmMo ܶo¶ "^maVr¶ {ejUmZo' Camer ~miJco Amho. ¶m amï´>r¶ ܶo¶mMm CÔoe "~cgmJa ^maV hmodmo& {dídmV emo^wZr amhmo' ¶m nyÁ¶ gmZo JwéOtÀ¶m eãXmV gm§JyZ nmR>çnwñVH$ ‘§S>i Amnco "{hVJwO' nyU© H$arV Amho.
¶m amï´>r¶ ܶo¶màV KoD$Z OmʶmgmR>r àñVwV nmR>çnwñVH$ Ho$di EH$ ‘mܶ‘ Amho. d¡Mm[aH$ ~rOmamonUmMo Vo EH$ gmYZ Amho. ¶m gmYZmV gwYmaUm H$aʶmgmR>r gd© {ejUào‘rZmJ[aH$, {ejH$ ~§Yy-^{JZr d nmcH$ ~§Yy {JZtÀ¶m {dYm¶H$ gwMZm§Mo nmR>çnwñVH$ {ZX}eZmc¶mV ñdmJV Amho. {ZX}eZmc¶mÀ¶m AmXoemà‘mUo nwñVH$ aMZm g{‘VrMr ¶mXr B§J«Or‘ܶo {Xcocr Amho.
àñVwV nmR>çnwñVH$mÀ¶m {Z{‘©Vr‘ܶo lr‘Vr CfmVmB© JmoJQ>o Jëg© hm¶ñHy$c ~oiJmdMo ‘w»¶mܶmnH$ lr. E‘².Ho$. ‘mXma ¶m§Zr H$m¶©emim§H$[aVm g^mJ¥h Am{U J«§Wmc¶ CncãY H$ê$Z {Xco.
"~mc ^maVr' nwUo ¶oWrc ‘amR>r {df¶mMo {deof A{YH$mar àm. ‘mYd amOJwé ¶mZr nmR>çnwñVH$ {Z{‘©VrÀ¶m H$m¶m©V doimodoir A‘yë¶ g„m {Xcm. coIH$ d H$dr ¶m§Mr AZw‘Vr {‘idyZ Xoʶm~m~V ghH$m¶© Ho$co.
¶m nwñVH$mVrc EH$m nmR>mgmR>r gw^mf ’$moQ>mo ñQw>{S>Amo, ~oiJmd ¶m§Zr {H$ëë`mMo ’$moQ>mo CncãY H$ê$Z {Xco.
nmR>çnwñVH$ ‘§S>i ¶m gdmªMo A˶§V Am^mar Amho.
nmR>çnwñVH$ ‘§S>i
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
v
TEXT BOOK COMMITTEE ChairMaN
Shri. Madhav Kunte, Ushatai Gogte Girls' High School, Belagavi.
MeMberS
Shri. P.K. Muchandikar, C.R.P. - Belgundi, Tal. & Dist. : Belagavi.
Shri. r.G. Kulkarni, Govt. Hr. Pry. Marathi School, Gunji Tal. : Khahapur, Dist. : Belagavi.
Shri. S.D. Pakhare, Govt. Hr. Pry. Marathi School, Kadoli, Tal. & Dist. : Belagavi.
Shri. C.r. Mohite, H.M. Govt. Hr. Pry. Marathi School, Sulaga (U), Tal. & Dist., Belagavi.
artiSt
Shri. V.b. Shinge, Art Master, Karnataka High School, Dharwad.
SCrutiNizer
Dr. amrut Yardi, H.O.D. Marathi, Karnataka Arts College, Dharwad.
Chief Co-orDiNator
Prof. G.S. Mudambadithaya, Curriculum revision and text book preparation,
KTBS, Bengaluru.
Chief aDViSerS
Sri. Narasimaiah, Managing Director, KTBS, Bengaluru.
Sri. C. Nagamani, Deputy Director, KTBS, Bengaluru.
ProGraMMe Co-orDiNator
Smt. M. bhagyavathamma, Assistant Director, KTBS, Bengaluru.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
vi
¥ÀjµÀÌgÀuÉ PÀÄjvÀÄ
MAzÀjAzÀ ºÀvÀÛ£Éà vÀgÀUÀwAiÀÄ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À §UÉÎ ¥ÀæPÀlUÉÆAqÀ ¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ
C©ü¥ÁæAiÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß UÀªÀĤ¹ ªÀiÁ£Àå ªÀÄÄRåªÀÄAwæAiÀĪÀgÀÆ CxÀð¸ÀaªÀgÀÆ DVgÀĪÀ ²æÃ
¹zÀÝgÁªÀÄAiÀÄå£ÀªÀgÀÄ vÀªÀÄä 2014-15 gÀ §eÉmï£À°è vÀdÕgÀ ¸À«ÄwAiÀÄ£ÀÄß gÀa¸ÀĪÀ WÉÆõÀuÉ
ªÀiÁrzÀgÀÄ. vÀdÕgÀÄ C£ÀÄ Àj À ÉÃPÁzÀ ªÀÄÆ® D±ÀAiÀĪÀ£ÀÄß »ÃUÉ ºÉýzÀgÀÄ: “¥ÀoÀå¥ÀÄ ÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß
¸ÁªÀiÁfPÀ ÁªÀÄgÀ Àå, £ÉÊwPÀªÀiË®åUÀ¼ÀÄ, ªÀåQÛvÀé«PÀ À£À, ªÉÊeÁÕ¤PÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÉÊZÁjPÀ ªÀÄ£ÉÆà sÁªÀ,
eÁvÀåwÃvÀvÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ gÁ¶ÖçAiÀÄ §zÀÞvÉUÀ½UÉ C£ÀĪÁUÀĪÀAvÉ vÀdÕgÀ ¸À«ÄwAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¥ÀÄ£Àgï
gÀa¸À¯ÁUÀĪÀÅzÀÄ” - EzÀÄ §eÉmï ¨sÁµÀtzÀ°è ¸ÁzÀgÀ¥Àr¹zÀ D±ÀAiÀÄ.
D£ÀAvÀgÀ ²PÀët E¯ÁSÉAiÀÄÄ MAzÀjAzÀ ºÀvÀÛ£Éà vÀgÀUÀwAiÀĪÀgÉV£À ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À
¥ÀjµÀÌgÀuÉUÁV 27 ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼À£ÀÄß gÀa¹ ¢£ÁAPÀ: 24.11.2014 gÀAzÀÄ DzÉñÀºÉÆgÀr¹vÀÄ.
F ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼ÀÄ «µÀAiÀĪÁgÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ vÀgÀUÀwªÁgÀÄ ªÀiÁ£ÀzÀAqÀPÀÌ£ÀÄUÀÄtªÁV gÀavÀªÁzÀªÀÅ.
««zsÀ ¥ÀoÀ嫵ÀAiÀÄUÀ½UÉ ¸ÀA§A¢ü¹zÀ vÀdÕgÀÄ, CzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ F ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼À°èzÁÝgÉ. FUÁUÀ¯ÉÃ
°TvÀªÁV §A¢gÀĪÀ C£ÉÃPÀ DPÉëÃ¥ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ «µÉèõÀuÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥Àj²Ã°¹, vÀ¥ÀÄà
M¥ÀÄàUÀ¼À §UÉÎ ¤tð¬Ä¹ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀjµÀÌj¸ÀĪÀ ºÉÆuɺÉÆvÀÛ F ¸À«ÄwUÀ½UÉ
‘CUÀvÀå«zÀÝ°è ¥ÀoÀåªÀ¸ÀÄÛªÀ£ÀÄß ¥ÀjµÀÌj¹ £ÀAvÀgÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀjµÀÌj¸ÀĪÀ’ ÁévÀAvÀæöåªÀ£ÀÄß
24.11.2014gÀ DzÉñÀzÀ¯Éèà ¤ÃqÀ¯ÁVvÀÄÛ. D£ÀAvÀgÀ 19.09.2015 gÀAzÀÄ ºÉƸÀ DzÉñÀ
ºÉÆgÀr¹ ‘CUÀvÀå«zÀÝ°è ¥ÀÄ£Àgï gÀa¸ÀĪÀ’ ¸ÁévÀAvÀæöåªÀ£ÀÄß ¤ÃqÀ¯Á¬ÄvÀÄ. »ÃUÉ ¸ÀªÀÄUÀæ
¥ÀjµÀÌgÀuÉUÉÆAqÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß 2016-17 gÀ §zÀ®Ä 2017-18£Éà ±ÉÊPÀëtÂPÀ ªÀµÀðzÀ°è
eÁjUÉƽ¸À¯ÁUÀĪÀÅzÉAzÀÄ EzÉà DzÉñÀzÀ°è w½¸À¯Á¬ÄvÀÄ.
C£ÉÃPÀ ªÀåQÛUÀ¼ÀÆ ¸ÀAWÀl£ÉUÀ¼ÀÆ ¸ÀéAiÀÄA¥ÉæÃjvÀgÁV ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À ªÀiÁ»wzÉÆõÀ,
D±ÀAiÀÄzÉÆõÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀnÖªÀiÁr ²PÀët ¸ÀaªÀjUÉ, ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¸ÀAWÀPÉÌ PÀ¼ÀÄ»¹zÀÝgÀÄ.
CªÀÅUÀ¼À ¥Àj²Ã®£ÉªÀiÁrzÀÝ®èzÉ, ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼ÁZÉUÉ C£ÉÃPÀ ¸ÀAªÁzÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß K¥Àðr¹ «ZÁgÀ
«¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ªÀiÁrPÉÆArzÉÝêÉÉ. ¥ÁæxÀÀ«ÄPÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¥ËæqsÀ±Á¯Á CzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀ ¸ÀAWÀUÀ¼À eÉÆvÉ
ZÀað¹zÀÝ®èzÉ ¥Àæ±ÁߪÀ½ ¹zÀÞ¥Àr¹ CzsÁå¥ÀPÀjUÉ PÀ½¹ C©ü¥ÁæAiÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÀAUÀ滸À¯ÁVzÉ.
CzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ, «µÀAiÀÄ¥Àj«ÃPÀëPÀgÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ qÀAiÀÄmï ¥ÁæA±ÀÄ¥Á®gÀ ¥ÀævÉåÃPÀ ¸À¨sÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß
£Àqɹ «±ÉèõÀuÁvÀäPÀ C©üªÀÄvÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀqÉAiÀįÁVzÉ. «eÁÕ£À, ¸ÀªÀiÁd«eÁÕ£À, UÀtÂvÀ, ¨sÁµÉ
¸Á»vÀÀåUÀ½UÉ ÀA§A¢ü¹zÀ vÀdÕjUÉ ªÉÆzÀ¯Éà ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÀ¼ÀÄ»¹ D£ÀAvÀgÀ À¨sÉ £Àqɹ
ZÀað¸À¯ÁVzÉ. ªÀÄ»¼Á ÀAWÀl£É ºÁUÀÆ «eÁÕ£À ÀA§A¢ü ÀA¸ÉÜUÀ¼À£ÀÄß DºÁ餹 aAvÀ£É
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
vii
£ÀqɸÀ¯ÁVzÉ. »ÃUÉÀ J¯Áè ªÀÄÆ®UÀ½AzÀ ¥ÀqÉzÀ Cj«£À DzsÁgÀzÀ ªÉÄÃ¯É ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß
CUÀvÀå«zÀÝPÀqÉ ¥ÀjµÀÌj¸À¯ÁVzÉ.
§ºÀĪÀÄÄRåªÁzÀ E£ÉÆßAzÀÄ ¸ÀAUÀwAiÀÄ£ÀÄß E°è ºÉüÀ¨ÉÃPÀÄ. PÉÃA¢æÃAiÀÄ ±Á¯Á
(N.C.E.R.T) ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À eÉÆvÉ gÁdåzÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß vË®¤PÀªÁV CzsÀåAiÀÄ£À
ªÀiÁr ¸À®ºÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¤ÃqÀ®Ä «eÁÕ£À, UÀtÂvÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀªÀiÁd«eÁÕ£ÀPÉÌ ¸ÀA§A¢ü¹zÀAvÉ
vÀdÕgÀ ªÀÄÆgÀÄ ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼À£ÀÄß gÀa¸À¯Á¬ÄvÀÄ. F ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼ÀÄ ¤ÃrzÀ vË®¤PÀ «±ÉèõÀuÉ
ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸À®ºÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß DzsÀj¹ gÁdå ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À UÀÄtªÀÄlÖªÀ£ÀÄß ºÉaѸÀ¯ÁVzÉ. PÉÃA¢æÃAiÀÄ
±Á¯Á ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ½VAvÀ £ÀªÀÄä gÁdåzÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À UÀÄtªÀÄlÖ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀzÀAvÉ
PÁAiÀÄÄÝPÉƼÀî¯ÁVzÉ. eÉÆvÉUÉ DAzsÀæ, vÀ«Ä¼ÀÄ£ÁqÀÄ, ªÀĺÁgÁµÀÖçUÀ¼À ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀÄ ÀÛPÀUÀ¼À eÉÆvÉ £ÀªÀÄä
¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥Àj²Ã°¸À¯ÁVzÉ.
E£ÉÆßAzÀÄ ¸ÀàµÀÖ£ÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¤ÃqÀ®Ä §AiÀĸÀÄvÉÛãÉ. £ÀªÀÄä ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀiÁrgÀĪÀÅzÀÄ
¥ÀjµÀÌgÀuÉAiÉÄà ºÉÆgÀvÀÄ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À ¸ÀªÀÄUÀæ gÀZÀ£ÉAiÀÄ®è. DzÀÝjAzÀ FUÁUÀ¯ÉÃ
gÀavÀªÁVgÀĪÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼À ¸ÀégÀÆ¥ÀPÉÌ J°èAiÀÄÆ zsÀPÉÌAiÀÄÄAlĪÀiÁr®è. °AUÀvÀé ¸ÀªÀiÁ£ÀvÉ,
¥ÁæzÉòPÀ ¥Áæw¤zsÀå, gÁ¶ÖçÃAiÀÄ ¸ÀªÀÄUÀævÉ, ¸ÀªÀiÁ£ÀvÉ, ¸ÁªÀiÁfPÀ ¸ÁªÀÄgÀ¸ÀåUÀ¼À »£É߯ÉAiÀÄ°è
PÉ®ªÀÅ ¥ÀjµÀÌgÀuÉUÀ¼ÀÄ £ÀqÉ¢ªÉ. »ÃUÉ ¥ÀjµÀÌj¸ÀĪÁUÀ gÁ¶ÖçÃAiÀÄ ¥ÀoÀåPÀæªÀÄ ZËPÀlÄÖ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ
gÁdå ¥ÀoÀåPÀæªÀÄ ZËPÀlÄÖUÀ¼À£ÀÄß «ÄÃj®èªÉAzÀÄ w½¸À§AiÀĸÀÄvÉÛãÉ: eÉÆvÉUÉ £ÀªÀÄä ÀA«zsÁ£ÀzÀ
D±ÀAiÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß C£ÀÄ Àj À ÁVzÉ. À«ÄwUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀiÁrzÀ ¥ÀjµÀÌgÀuÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ªÀÄvÉÆÛªÉÄä ¥Àj²Ã° À®Ä
«µÀAiÀĪÁgÀÄ G£ÀßvÀ ¥Àj²Ã®£À ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼À£ÀÄß gÀa¹ C©ü¥ÁæAiÀÄ¥ÀqÉzÀÄ C¼ÀªÀr¸À¯ÁVzÉ.
»ÃUÉ PÀæªÀħzÀÞªÁV £ÀqÉzÀ PÉ®¸ÀPÉÌ vÀªÀÄä£ÀÄß vÁªÀÅ ¸ÀA¥ÀÆtð vÉÆqÀV¹PÉÆAqÀ 27
¸À«ÄwUÀ¼À CzsÀåPÀëgÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀzÀ¸ÀågÀ£ÀÄß ºÁUÀÆ G£ÀßvÀ ¥Àj²Ã®£Á ¸À«ÄwAiÀÄ ¸ÀªÀĸÀÛgÀ£ÀÄß
PÀÈvÀdÕvɬÄAzÀ £É£ÉAiÀÄÄvÉÛêÉÉ. CAvÉAiÉÄà ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼À PÉ®¸À ¸ÀÄUÀªÀĪÁV £ÀqÉAiÀÄĪÀAvÉ
ªÀåªÀ¸ÉܪÀiÁqÀ®Ä PÁAiÀÄðPÀæªÀÄ C¢üPÁjUÀ¼ÁV ¤µÉ׬ÄAzÀ zÀÄrzÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¸ÀAWÀzÀ J¯Áè
C¢üPÁjUÀ¼À£ÀÆß £É£ÉAiÀÄÄvÉÛÉêÉ. ¸ÀºÀPÀj¹zÀ ¹§âA¢UÀÆ £ÀªÀÄä ªÀAzÀ£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ. C©ü¥ÁæAiÀÄ ¤Ãr
¸ÀºÀPÀj¹zÀ ¸ÀªÀð ¸ÀAWÀl£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ vÀdÕjUÉ zsÀ£ÀåªÁzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ.
(ºÉZï.J£ï.UÉÆÃ¥Á®PÀȵÀÚ) (¥ÉÆæ. §gÀUÀÆgÀÄ gÁªÀÄZÀAzÀæ¥Àà)
ªÀåªÀ¸ÁÜ¥ÀPÀ ¤zÉðñÀPÀgÀÄ ¸ÀªÁðzsÀåPÀëgÀÄ
PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¸ÀAWÀ (j) ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¥ÀjµÀÌgÀt ¸À«Äw
¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-85 PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¸ÀAWÀ (j)
¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-85
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
viii
¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¥ÀjµÀÌgÀt ¸À«ÄwUÀ¼À «ªÀgÀ
¸ÀªÁðzsÀåPÀëgÀÄ
¥ÉÆæ. §gÀUÀÆgÀÄ gÁªÀÄZÀAzÀæ¥Àà : gÁdå ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¥ÀjµÀÌgÀt ¸À«Äw, PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ
¸ÀAWÀ(j), ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
¥ÀjµÀÌgÀt ¸À«Äw
CzsÀåPÀëgÀÄ
²æêÀÄw J¸ï.«. zÉñÀ¥ÁAqÉ : ÀºÀ¥ÁæzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ, Dgï.¦.r PÁ¯ÉÃeï, ¨É¼ÀUÁ«.
¸ÀzÀ¸ÀågÀÄ
²æêÀÄw Q±ÉÆÃj r. eÉÆö : ¤ªÀÈvÀÛ ¸ÀºÀ¥ÁæzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ, ªÀÄgÁp «¨sÁUÀ, G I ¨ÁUÉêÁr
PÁ¯ÉÃdÄ, ¤¥ÁàtÂ.
¥ÀÉÆæ.J¸ï.J¸ï. Z˺Á£ï : ÀºÀ¥ÁæzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ ªÀÄgÁp «¨sÁUÀ, ªÀÄgÁp ªÀÄAqÀ® PÁ¯ÉÃdÄ,
¨É¼ÀUÁ«.
²æêÀÄw. C®PÁ ªÀÄÄvÉÌÃPÀgï : ÀºÀ¥ÁæzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ, ªÀÄgÁoÀ ªÀÄAqÀ¼À PÁ¯ÉÃdÄ.
qÁ.J¸ï.JA gÁAiÀĪÀiÁ£É : ÀºÀ¥ÁæzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ, PÉ.J¯ï.E, ©.PÉ PÁ¯ÉÃdÄ, aPÉÆÌÃr.
²æÃ.¥ÀæPÁ±ï ©.£ÁUÀgÉè : ¤ªÀÈvÀÛ ²PÀëPÀgÀÄ, ªÀÄĤ¹¥À¯ï ¥ËæqsÀ±Á¯É, ¤¥ÁàtÂ, aPÉÆÌÃr vÁ.
¨É¼ÀUÁ« f¯Éè.
G£ÀßvÀ ¥Àj²Ã®£À ¸À«Äw
²æà ¸ÀgÀdÄ PÁlÌgï : ªÀĺÁAvÉÃ±ï £ÀUÀgÀ, ¨É¼ÀUÁ«.
²æà gÁªÀÄPÀȵÀÚ ªÀiÁgÀÄw ªÀÄgÁoÉ : ²æÃPÀ®à , ±ÁAw ¤PÉÃvÀ£À, nÃZÀgïì PÁ¯ÉÆä, ¨É¼ÀUÁ«.
qÁ. UÉÆÃ¥Á¯ï J¸ï. ªÀĺÁªÀÄĤ : ¥ÁæzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ, ±ÁAw£ÀUÀgÀ, aPÉÆÌÃr vÁ. ¨É¼ÀUÁ« f¯Éè.
C°AiÀiÁ¸ï ¸ÀÄvÁgï
¸À®ºÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiÁUÀðzÀ±Àð£À:
²æà ºÉZï.J£ï.UÉÆÃ¥Á®PÀȵÀÚ : ªÀåªÀ¸ÁÜ¥ÀPÀ ¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ, PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¸ÀAWÀ(j),
§£À±ÀAPÀj 3£ÉúÀAvÀ ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-85.
²æà J¸ï.f. £ÁUÉñï : G¥À¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ, PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¸ÀAWÀ(j), §£À±ÀAPÀj
3£Éà ºÀAvÀ ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-85.
PÁAiÀÄðPÀæªÀÄ ¸ÀAAiÉÆÃdPÀgÀÄ:
²æêÀÄw D±ÁgÁt .J£ï. : ÀºÁAiÀÄPÀ ¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ, PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¥ÀoÀå¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ ¸ÀAWÀ(j),
§£À±ÀAPÀj 3£Éà ºÀAvÀ ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-85.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
ix
B¶Îmm Mm¡Wr
AZwH«$‘{UH$m
A.Z§. nmR>mMo Zmd H$dr/coIH$ n¥.g§.
1. ^maV Jm¡ad JrV H${dVm í¶m‘ Hw$aio 01
2. ^maV‘mVm -- 05
3. XmamoXmar EH$ PmS> -- 09
4. ñdÀN>Vm JrV H${dVm AZwg¶m 춧. H§w$^ma 16
5. ‘r {H$„m ~mocVmo¶ -- 20
6. namonH$mar Za|Ð g§H${cV 26
7. H$Yr dmQ>Vo H${dVm àdrU XdUo 32
8. Imo-Imo g§H${cV 35
9. ’o$gmQ>r gm‘Zm H${dVm dËgcm H${U©H$ 40
10. AS>mUr IoSy>V g§H${cV 43
11. nÌcoIZ -- 47
12. ~mam ‘{hZo H${dVm g§H${cV 53
13. Iam Zm¶H$ -- 57
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
x
14. eoVH$ar JrV H${dVm gm¡. à{V^m coco 65
15. gmhgr {earf g§H${cV 68
16. ‘mPo Jmd H${dVm Hw$gw‘mJ«O 73
17. eHw$Z AneHw$Z -- 76
18. g§VdmUr H${dVm g§V VwH$mam‘ 81
19. eãX g§J«h -- -- 85
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
1
nmR> 1
^maV Jm¡ad JrV~hþV nm{hco Xoe OJr n[a VwOg_ VyM _hmZVyM Am_wMr emZ ^maVm! VyM Am_wMm _mZ &&Y¥&&
{d{^Þ Y_©, {d{^Þ OmVrn[a gdmªMr g_mZ ZmVr
_mZdVoMm {díd d¥j hm, BWo dmT>Vmo N>mZ &&1&&{h_{JarMm CÞV _mWmnmdZ BWcr J§Jm _mVm
\$im\$wcm§Mm Xoe Am_wMm Amåhmg hm A{^_mZ &&2&&Xoe Ago hm Zadram§Mmcú_r, A{hë`m AZ² nÞm§Mm
XoemgmR>r Za, ZmatZr BWo do{Mco àmU &&3&&ñdmV§Í`mñVd ~mny cT>conagÎmoMo {ZemU nS>co
ZrcmH$mer \$S>H$V amhr AmO {Va§Jr {ZemU &&4&&{_ioc Oa H$m nwZO©Ý_ VanwÝhm {_imdm `mM ^y{_da
OZZr OÝ_^y_r VwOgmR>r _aUmMo daXmZ.
- í`m_ Hw$aio
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
2
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
Jm¡ad - gÝ_mZ n[a - à_mUo, gmaIo _hmZ - _moR>m
emZ - _mZ CÞV - Cƒ, loð> _mWm - S>m|JamMo {eIa
do{Mco - An©U Ho$co daXmZ - Amerdm©X
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) H$dr H$moUmMo Jm¡ad JrV JmV Amho?
2) ^maVmMr nmdZ ZXr H$moUVr?
3) Am_Mm Xoe H$gm Amho?
4) _hmË_m Jm§YrOtMo Zmd `m H${dVoV H$m` åhUyZ Amco Amho?
5) H$drcm _aU H$moUmgmR>r hdo Amho?
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 3-4 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) H$dr ^maVmcm _mZdVoMm {dídd¥j Ago H$m åhUVmo?
2) XoemgmR>r H$moUr àmUm§Mo ~{cXmZ {Xco?
3) H$drcm H$em~Ôc A{^_mZ Amho?
4) H$drZo H$moUVr BÀN>m ì`º$ Ho$cr Amho?
B) g_mZmWu eãX {chr.
1) {díd ................. _m`m .................
2) d¥j ................. {ZemU .................
3) ^y_r ................. OZZr .................
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
3
B©) {déÕ AWu eãX {chr.
1) _hmZ x ................. A{^_mZ x .................2) g_mZ x ................. OÝ_ x .................3) {^Þ x .................
C) OmooS>çm Owwid.
A ~
1) _mZdVoMm A) \$S>Ho$ {Va§Jr {ZemU
2) \$im\$wcm§Mm ~) do{Mco àmU
3) XoemgmR>r ZaZmatZr H$) _aUmMo daXmZ
4) ZrcmH$mer S>) {dídd¥j
5) OÝ_^y_r VwOgmR>r B) Xoe Am_wMm
E) H¥$Vr1
1) gwM{dcoë`m YmÝ`m§Mm dmna H$ê$Z {Va§Jm ÜdO V`ma H$a.
gm{hË` …
1) YmÝ` (_gya S>mi, gm~yXmUo, {hado _yJ)
2) nm§T>am H$mJX
3) \$o${dH$m°c/qS>H$
nm§T>am H$mJX KoD$Z {Va§Jr ÜdOmMo {MÌ H$mT>.
aoIm§{H$V ^mJ JS>X a§JmZo a§Jd d _Yë`m ^mJmV \$o$[dH$m°cÀ`m ghmæ`mZo
`mo½` YmÝ` {MH$Q>d.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
4
g§wXa {Va§Jr ÜdO V`ma hmoB©c.
({Q>n … Aem àH$mao doJdoJù`m gm{hË`mMm dmna H$ê$Z {MÌ g§J«h V`ma H$a)
Amo) A§H$ OmooSy>y>Z {MÌ V`ma H$a. (^maVmMm ZH$mem)
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
5
nmR> 2
^maV _mVm_hmamï´>mVco nwUo ho eha nydunmgyZ kmZmMo _mhoaKa. {dMmad§Vm§Mo eha,
Eo{Vhm{gH$ _hÎdmMo eha. ^maVmV AZoH$ OwÝ`m MmcrarVr, A§YlÕm hmoË`m. Ë`m§Mo {Z_y©cZ H$ê$Z ZdrZ na§nam {Z_m©U H$aUmao eha åhUyZ AmoiIco OmVo. `mM {OëømVrc {edZoar {H$ëë`mda {edmOr _hmamOm§Mm OÝ_ Pmcm. Wmoa g_mOgwYmaH$ _hmË_m \$wco, _wctMr n{hcr emim àma§^ H$aUmè`m gm{dÌr~mB© \$wco, Xoem~Ôc àIa A{^_mZ d ào_ AgUmao cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$ `m gd© Wmoa _mUgm§Mr nwUo hrM H$_©^y_r.
Aem m nwÊ`ZJarV JOmZZ ZmdmMm _wcJm ahmV hmoVm. Ë`mÀ`m d{S>cm§Mr d cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$m§Mr ~arM _¡Ìr hmoVr. Vo EH$_oH$m§À`m Kar OmV. Ë`m§À`mV maVmVrc kmZ, A§YlÕm, {ejU BË`mXr Jmoï>tda MMm© hmoV AgV. JOmZZ chmZ Agcm Var Vmo Ë`m§À`m Jßnm AmdS>rZo EoHo$. Ë`mcm {Q>iH$m§À`m {df`r ào_ d A{^_mZ hmoVm.
EHo$ {Xder JOmZZMr AmB© JOmZZcm åhUmcr, ""JOy D$R>, XodmMr nyOm H$a.''JOmZZ åhUmcm, ""AmB© _cm H§$Q>mim Amcm`.'' AmB© åhUmcr, ""XodmMr nyOm H$aÊ`mV, H$gcm ao H§$Q>mim.'' ""AmB© cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$gwÕm Xodmcm _mZVmV. nU Vo
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
6
XodnyOm H$aÊ`mV doi dm`m Kmc{dV ZmhrV'' JOmZZ åhUmcm. ""Aao ~mim, Vy Amncr VwcZm H$moUmer H$aVmog? Vo Hw$R>o Am{U Vy Hw$R>o?'' AmB© åhUmcr. ""AJ§ AmB© _r _mPr VwcZm Ë`m§À`mer H$aV Zmhr. \$$º$ Vo XodnyOoV doi dm`m Kmc{dV ZmhrV Ag§ åhUVmo` “JOmZZ åhUmcm”. AmB© åhUmcr, ""Aao cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$ nyOm H$aVmV H$s Zmhr Vo Vwcm ZrQ> _mhrV Zgoc.'' JOmZZ åhUmcm, ""_J AmB© AmO AZm`mgo Vo Amnë`m Kar `oUmaM AmhoV. Voìhm _r Ë`m§ZmM {dMmê$Z ImÌr H$ê$Z KoVmo. nU amJmdy ZH$mog _r AmVm XodnyOm H$aoZ.''
gm`§H$mir cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$ JOmZZÀ`m Kar Amco. JOmZZZo Ë`m§Zm Jyi nmUr {Xco. cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$ Am{U JOmZZÀ`m ~m~m§À`m ~è`mM Jßnm Pmë`m. Vo Om`cm {ZKUma BVŠ`mV JOmZZ {VWo Amcm d åhUmcm, ""H$mH$m! Vwåhr XodmMr nyOm H$aVm H$m?'' cmoH$_mÝ` åhUmco, ""hmo! AJXr am̧{Xdg.'' ""H$m` åhUVm! am̧{Xdg! Am{U Vr H$moUË`m XodmMr?'' JOmZZZo {dMmaco. {XdmUImÝ`mVrc ^maV_mVoMm \$$moQ>mo XmIdV cmoH$_mÝ` åhUmco, ""`m ^maV_mVoMr nyOm H$aVmo.''VmËn`© … Xoegodm hrM Iar B©ída godm.
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
J¥hñW - ì`º$s, _mUyg {XdmUImZm - ~¡R>H$sMr Imocr
AZm`mgo - ghO CncãY
A) dmM d {chr.
1) cmoH$_mÝ` - .....................
2) AmoiI - .....................
3) H§$Q>mim - .....................
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
7
4) ^maV_mVm - .....................
5) XodnyOm - .....................
6) am̧{Xdg - .....................
Am) {Xcooë`m Z_wwÝ`mà_mUo Imcrc OmoSeãX V`ma H$a.
Z_wZm … Mhm-nmUr
1) AmB© - ........ 2) {dQ>r - ........ 3) Q>o~c - ........
4) ZXr - ........ 5) n¡gm - ........ 6) PmSo - ........
B) EH$m dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.
1) AmB© H$moUmda amJmdcr?
2) JOmZZcm XodnyOoMm H§$Q>mim H$m Amcm?
B©) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 1-2 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) kmZmMo _mhoaKa H$moUVo?
2) {edmOr _hmamOm§Mm OÝ_ H$moR>o Pmcm?
3) _wctMr n{hcr emim H$moUr gwê$ Ho$cr?
4) cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$m§Mr _¡Ìr H$moUmer hmoVr?
5) cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$m§Mo nyU©Zmd {chr.
6) JOmZZÀ`m AmB©Zo JOmZZbm H$m` H$am`bm gm§{JVbo?
7) bmoH$_mÝ` am̧{Xdg H$moUË`m XodmMr nyOm H$aV?
C) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 2-3 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) XodnyOogmR>r cmJUmè`m gm{hË`m§Mr `mXr V`ma H$a.
2) nwUo ehamMo d¡{eîQ>ç {chr.
3) {Q>iH$ d JOmZZMo dS>rc `m§À`m_Ü`o H$moUË`m Jmoï>tMr MMm© hmoV Ago?
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
8
D$) Imcrc dmŠ`o H$mooUr H$mooUmcm åhQ>cr AmhooV Vo {chr.
1) ""JOy, D$R> XodmMr nyOm H$a.''
2) ""AJ AmB©, _r _mPr VwcZm Ë`m§À`mer H$aV Zmhr.''
3) ""Aao, cmo. {Q>iH$ nyOm H$aVmV H$s Zmhr Vo Vwcm ZrQ> _mhrV Zgoc.''
4) ""H$mH$m, Vwåhr XodmMr nyOm H$aVm H$m?''
5) ""`m ^maV_mVoMr nyOm H$aVmo.''
E) Imcrc Mm¡¡H$mooZmV `mo½` Ajao ^ê$Z AW©nyyU© eãX V`ma H$a.
H 1. Hw$ 2. Hw$
2. Q> 4. Q>
3. S> 4. S>
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
9
nmR> 3
XmamoXmar EH$ PmS>
dZ_hmoËgdmÀ`m AmXë`m{Xder _wco àmW©Zocm nQ>m§JUmV O_cr hmoVr. àmW©ZoZ§Va _w»`mÜ`mnH$m§Zr Xþgè`m {Xder hmoUmè`m dZ_hmoËgdmÀ`m {Z{_ÎmmZo àË`oH$ _wcmZo, _wcrZo EHo$H$ PmS> AmUmdo Aer gyMZm {Xcr.
Xþgao {Xder gd© _wco amono KoD$Z Amcr. _hmXodmÀ`m _ZmV _mÌ dZ_hmoËgd hmEH$M eãX Kw_V hmoVm. Ho$ìhm EH$Xm dJ©{ejH$m§Zm {dMmê$ Ago Pmco hmoVo. ga dJm©V Amco.
gd© _wco … Z_ñVo ga.
{ejH$ … Z_ñVo. AmO 7 Owc¡. AmO AmnU dZ_hmoËgd gmOam H$ê$`m. amon§ AmUcrV H$m?
gd© _wco … hmo` ga.
lrYa … _r Am§ã`mMo amon AmUco Amho.
{ejH$ … N>mZ! Am§ã`mMr JmoS> \$io Imd`mg {_iVmVM. Ë`m~amo~a H$ÀÀ`m H¡$è`m§nmgyZ cmoUMo, nÝho, MQ>Ur d Om_ V`ma H$aVm `oVmo.
_hmXod … ga, Ë`mMr \$º$ \$ioM Cn`wº$ AgVmV H$m?
{ejH$ … Zmhr, Ë`mMr nmZogwÕm Cn`wº$ AmhoV. ew^àg§Jr nmZm§Mo VmoaU ~m§Yco OmVo. Ë`m PmS>m§Mo cmHy$S> B_maVtgmR>r dmnaco OmVo.
_§{Oar … ga, _r VwierMo amon AmUco Amho.
JmoqdX … `o doS>m-~mB©! (gJir _wco hgy cmJVmV.)
{ejH$ … Aao, hgVm H$gco? _§{OarZo AmUcoco amon chmZ Amho åhUyZ? nU Vo AË`§V Cn`wº$ Amho.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
10
Am{ef … Bdcogo amon Am{U Cn`wº$ H$go ga?
{ejH$ … Vwig hr EH$ Am¡fYr dZñnVr Amho. {VÀ`m_wio ^modVmcMr hdm ñdÀN> Am{U {ZamoJr amhVo. {VÀ`mH$Sy>Z àmUdm`yMm nwadR>m ^anya hmoVmo. VwierMo nmZ AWdm Ë`mMm ag ß`më`mZo ñ_aUeº$s Am{U EH$mJ«Vm dmT>Vo.VgoM KÅ> Pmcocm H$\$$ nmVi hmoÊ`mg _XV hmoVo.
gm`cr … ga, AmUIr Am¡fYr JwU Agcoë`m dZñnVr H$moUH$moUË`m?
{ejH$ … H$Sw>qZ~, hiX, _mH$m, BË`mXr n¡H$s H$Sw>qZ~ AË`§V Am¡fYr Amho.
amYm … nU ga, H$Sw>qZ~ Va H$Sy> AgVmo. JwT>r nmS>ì`mÀ`m {Xder H$Sw>qZ~mMr nmZo ImUo åhUOo EH$ {ejmM.
{ejH$ … ho ~K amYm, H$Sw>qZ~mMr nmZo ImUo åhUOo {ejm Zmhr. CcQ> Vo daXmZ Amho. Vmo H$Sy> Agcm Var IynM JwUH$mar Amho. H$Sw>qZ~mÀ`m PmS>mMo nmZ, \$y$c, gmc, ImoS>, H$mS>çm, qc~moù`m gd© H$mhr Am¡fYr Amho. `mnmgyZ aº$ewÕr hmoVo. Iê$O, JOH$U©, Zm`Q>m `mgmaIo ËdMmamoJhr ~ao hmoVmV.
adr … ga, `mÀ`m H$mS>çm XmV KmgÊ`mgmR>r H$m dmnaVmV?
{ejH$ … H$maU, Ë`m H$mS>çmVrc ag H$Sy> Am{U O§VyZmeH$ Agë`mZo XmVmVrc H$sS> _aVo.
Om°Z … ga, gmarM PmS>o Cn`wº$ AmhoV H$m hmo?
{ejH$ … hmo`, gd©M PmS>o Cn`wº$ AmhoV. H$maU PmS>m§_wio hdm ewÕ amhVo. O{_ZrMr PrO H$_r hmoVo. eoVrcm Amdí`H$ nmD$g m_wioM nS>Vmo.n`m©daUmMm g_Vmoc amIcm OmVmo. mgmR>rM Va AmnU dZ_hmoËgd gmOam H$aVmo.
_hmXod … ga, dZ_hmoËgd åhUOo H$m`?
(gH$minmgyZM _hmXodmÀ`m _ZmV Agcocr e§H$m Ë`mZo {dMmacr.)
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
11
{ejH$ … dZ_hmoËgd åhUOo dZmMm _moR>m CËgd. åhUOoM PmS>m§Mo _hËd AmoiIyZ PmS>o cmdUo d Vr OmonmgUo hmo`.
\$m{V_m … ga, AmnU dZ_hmoËgd H$m gmOam H$am`Mm hmo?
{ejH$ … Amnë`m XoemV {Xdg|{Xdg cmoH$g§»`m dmT>V Amho. Ë`m_wio {dH$mgmgmR>r àM§S> à_mUmV PmS>§ VmoS>cr OmV AmhoV. åhUyZM nmdgmMo à_mU H$_r hmoD$Z, CîUVoMo à_mU dmT>V Amho. `mMm _mZdr OrdZmda Xþîn[aUm_ hmoV Amho. ho gd© Q>miÊ`mgmR>r AmnU dZ_hmoËgd gmOam H$am`Mm AgVmo. m {Xder {OWo _moH$ir OmJm Agoc {VWo PmS>o cmdmdrV.
_§{Oar … ga, _r _o _{hÝ`mMm gwÅ>rV ~|Jiyécm Joco hmoVo.
{ejH$ … Aao ìdm! {VWo Vwcm H$m` ZdrZ AmT>ico?
_§{Oar … {VWo {OWo {OWo _moH$ù`m OmJm AmhoV, {VWo {VWo N>moQ>o H$m AgoZmV nU g§wXa ~JrMo V`ma Ho$co AmhoV.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
12
{ejH$ … åhUyZM ~|Jiyécm ~{JÀ`m§Mo eha åhUVmV. ho eha _moR>o AgyZgwÕm `oWo àXÿfU H$_r Amho. åhUyZ ho eha XoemV "J«rZ {gQ>r' åhUyZ AmoiIco OmVo.
_hmXod … ga, AmVm g_Oc§ dZ_hmoËgdmMo _hËd!
Mcm ao _moR>çmZo åhUm.
""XmamoXmar EH$ PmS>, Jmdmo Jmdr EH$ dZ,XoemMo H$ê$ Z§XZdZ''
ñdmÜ`m`H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
amon - chmZ amonQ>o H¡$è`m - chmZ, H$ƒo {hado Am§~onÝho - H¡$arMo ga~V ËdMmamoJ - earamdarc H$mVS>rcm hmoUmao amoJ
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.1) _wco àmW©Zocm Hw$R>o O_cr?2) dZ_hmoËgd Ho$ìhm gmOam H$aVmV?3) H$À`m H¡$è`m§nmgyZ H$moUVo nXmW© V`ma Ho$co OmVmV?4) dZ_hmoËgd åhUOo H$m`?5) nmdgmMo à_mU H$_r H$m hmoV Amho?6) H$moUVo eha "J«rZ {gQ>r' åhUyZ AmoiIbo OmVo?
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 3-4 dmŠ`mV {chr.1) Vwier `m Am¡fYr dZñnVrnmgyZ H$moUVo \$m`Xo hmoVmV?2) "H$Sw>qZ~ ImUo hr {ejm Zmhr', H$go Vo {chr.3) n`m©daUmVrc gd© PmS>o Cn`wº$ H$er AmhoV?4) dZ_hmoËgd H$m gmOam Ho$cm OmVmo?5) Vy cmdcoë`m amonmMr {ZJm H$er amIerc Vo {chr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
13
B) Imcrc dmŠ` H$mooUr H$mooUmcm CÔooeyyZ åhQ>co Amho Vo {chr.
1) ""_r Am§ã`mMo amon AmUco Amho''
2) ""`o doS>m~mB©!''
3) ""dZ_hmoËgd åhUOo dZmMm _moR>m CËgd''
4) ""ga, gmarM PmS>o Cn`wº$ AmhoV H$m hmo?''
5) ""ga, AmUIr Am¡fYr dZñnVr H$moUH$moUË`m?''
B©) Imcrc dmŠ` AW©nyyU© nÕVrZo {chr.
1) nmZm§Mo VmoaU / OmVo / ~m§Yco ew^àg§Jr.
2) Amho / amon / VwierMo / _r / AmUco.
3) àmUdm`yMm / VwierÀ`m / nwadR>m / amonm_wio / hmoVmo / ^anya.
4) Cn`wº$ / gmarM / AmhoV / PmS>o.
5) hdm / amhVo / ewÕ / PmS>m_wio
C) OmoS>çm Owwid.
\$i
\$yc^mOr
_yJ
H$mo~r
Jwcm~
YmÝ`
Vyn
Am§~m
cmoUr
D$) CXmhaUm à_mUo àË`oH$ eãXmVrb Ajam nmgyZ eŠ` VodT>o ZdrZ eãX V`ma H$a.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
14
CXm. … AemoH$dZ -- emoH$, dZ, Zd, AemoH$, H$dZ.
1) Am_aU -
2) _hm^maV -
3) amIUXma -
4) {hadmJma -
5) OZOmJaU -
E) ^anya VmH$V Am{U gwX¥T> earamgmR>r Vy H$m` H$m` Imerc,
{nerc gm§J.
1) _moS> Amcoco YmÝ` 2) Ja_ gm_mogo
3) AmB©ñH«$s_ 4) {nH$cocm Am§~m
5) Mm°H$coQ>g² 6) CKS>çmdaMo AÞ
7) {haì`m nmco^mÁ`m 8) XÿY
Eo)o H$moUË`mhr EH$m PmS>mMo {MÌ H$mTy>y>Z a§J ^a.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
15
Amo) {MÌmVrc O§JcmV Am¡fYr dZñnVr AmhoV. Ë`m emoYyZ {chr.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Am¡) Z_wwÝ`mà_mUo {chr.
CXm. Ho$ir {eH$aU
1) ................... cmoUMo
2) ................... lr\$$i
3) ................... XodnyOm
4) ................... ËdMm amoJmda JwUH$maH$
5) ................... ñdÀN> {ZamoJr hdm
6) ................... B_maV
A§) Vw_À`m n[agamV {nH$Umè`m YmÝ`m§Mr Zmdo d Ë`m§Mo Cn`moJ {chr.
YmÝ` Cn`moJ1.
2.
3.
4.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
16
nmR> 4
ñdÀN>Vm JrVñdÀN> _mPo Ka & ñdÀN> AmdmañdÀN> _mPm Jmd & R>odrZ _r &&Y¥&&
Vw§~cr JQ>mao & H$arZ _moH$irZIo, Ho$g ñdÀN> & R>odrZ _r &&1&&
H$Mam {Z H$mJX & gd©M añË`mdaZmhr \$oH$Uma & Zmhr Q>mH$Uma &&2&&
hmV nm` Vm|S> & Zoh_r YwdoZAm§Kmoi Zo_mMr & amoO H$aoZ &&3&&
añË`mda ImD$ & Zmhr KoUma{eio, Am§~co, CKS>o & Zmhr ImUma &&4&&
H$mT>oZ Ho$a & {~`m, gmco, Q>a\$$coH$Mam Hw$§S>rVM & Q>mH$sZ gmao &&5&&
- AZwg`m ì`§. H§w$^ma
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
17
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
Amdma - KaMo A§JU V§w~Uo - gmMUo, O_yZ amhUo
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) àË`oH$mZo Amnco Ka d Jmd H$go R>odmdo?2) Vw§~coë`m JQ>mamMo H$m` H$aUma Amho?3) H$mJX H$moR>o \$oHy$ Z`o?4) {~`m, gmcr, Q>a\$$co Q>mH$Ê`mMr OmJm H$moUVr?
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 3-4 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) AmnU H$m` H$m` ñdÀN> R>odUma AmhmoV?2) gH$mir CR>ë`m~amo~a e[aamMr ñdÀN>Vm H$er H$amdr?3) {eio, Am§~coco, CKS>o nXmW© H$m ImD$ Z`oV?4) emim AWdm Kar H$Mam H§w$S>rMm dmna H$gm H$amdm?5) Vy KamV qH$dm emioV ñdÀN>Vm H$er R>oderc?
B) Imcrc dmŠ`o dmMyZ Ë`m§Mo Mm§Jë`m gd`r d dmB©Q> gd`r `m_Ü`o dJuH$aU H$a.
1) Amnco Ka, Amdma ñdÀN> R>odmdo.2) Vw§~cocr JQ>mao ñdÀN> H$ê$ Z`oV.3) ZIo dmTy> ÚmdrV.4) H$Mam Am{U H$mJX añË`mda \$oHy$ Z`o.5) XaamoO hmV, nm`, Vm|S> Ywdy Z`oV.6) XaamoO Am§Kmoi H$amdr.7) añË`mdaMo CKS>o ImÚ nXmW© ImD$ Z`oV.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
18
8) {eio, Am§~coco AÞ Imdo.9) {~`m, gmco, Q>a\$$co H$Mam H§w$S>rVM Q>mH$mdr.10) ñdÀN> H$nS>o Kmcy Z`oV
Mm§Jë`m gd`r dmB©Q> gd`r
B©) Z_wÝ`mà_mUo OmoS> eãX V`ma H$a.
CXm. nmcm - nmMmoim1) Ka ............. 2) Ho$a .............3) hmV ............ 4) ^mOr ...........5) Mhm ........... 6) ImUo ...........7) doUr ...........
C) dmM d Ë`mà_mUo dmJ.
1) gH$mir CR>ë`mda
àW_ em¡Mmcm Omdo. Z§Va hmV nm` ñdÀN> YwdmdoV. ñdÀN> Q>m°docZo hmV nm` nwgmdoV.
2) XmVm§Mr ñdÀN>Vm
XmV ñdÀN KmgmdoV. Mwi ^ê$Z Vm|S> Mm§Jco Ywdmdo. amÌr PmonÊ`mnydu XmV KmgmdoV.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
19
3) S>moù`m§Mr ñdÀN>Vm
ñdÀN> nmÊ`mZo S>moio hiy YwdmdoV. S>moù`mV gmMcocr KmU nmÊ`mZo H$mT>mdr. S>moù`mV Yyi H$Mam Joë`mda Mmoiy Z`oV. nmÊ`mZo YwdmdoV.
4) ËdMoMr ñdÀN>Vm
amoO Am§Kmoi H$amdr. ñdÀN> Q>m°docZo gd© A§J ZrQ> nwgmdo. Ho$g Amoco R>ody Z`oV. ~mhoê$Z Amë`mda Zoh_r hmVnm` d Moham ñdÀN> Ywdmdm.
5) ZmH$mMr ñdÀN>Vm
ZmH$ ñdÀN> R>odÊ`mgmR>r ê$_mc dmnamdm. qeH$VmZm ZmH$mg_moa ê$_mc Yamdm.
6) ZIm§Mr ñdÀN>Vm
ZIo dmT>cr Va Ë`mV KmU gmMVo. åhUyZ AmR>dS>çmVyZ EH$Xm ZIo H$mnmdrV. ZIo H$Yrhr Hw$aVSy> Z`oV.
7) Ho$gm§Mr ñdÀN>Vm
VmoH$S>o Ho$g amoO YwdmdoV. cm§~ Ho$g AmR>dS>çmVyZ EH$Xm YwdmdoV. Ho$g amoO qdMamdoV.
8) ñdÀN> H$nS>o
Zoh_r ñdÀN> H$nS>o KmcmdoV. Amnco H$nS>o ZrQ> ZoQ>Ho$ R>odmdoV. Odi Zoh_r ñdÀN> ê$_mc ~miJmdm.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
20
nmR> 5
_r {H$„m ~mocVmo`
ghc åhQ>c§ H$s gdm©ZmM AmZ§X hmoVmo. Am_Mo dJ©{ejH$ lr amKd JwéOtZr B`Îmm Mm¡WrÀ`m dJm©À`m ghcrMo Am`moOZ Ho$co hmoVo. gam§Zr Amåhmcm ghcrÀ`m {Z`moOZmMr _m{hVr {Xcr.
_wcm§Zmo! `mdfu AmnU ~oiJmdrMm ^wB©H$moQ> {H$„m nmhm`cm Om`Mo R>a{dco Amho. VoWo AmnU {H$„m, XþJm©_mVm _§{Xa, am_H¥$îU _R>, nwamVZ H$_c~ñVr `oWrc {eënH$cmH¥$Vr nmhm`À`m AmhoV. XþnmaZ§Va {H$ëë`mg_moa Agcoë`m VcmdmV Oc{dhmamMm AmZ§X cwQ>m`Mm Amho. hmoS>rVyZ \$oar _maVmZm cmB©\$$ O°Ho$Q> n[aYmZ H$am`cm XoVmV. \$ma J§_V dmQ>Vo. N>moQ>çm N>moQ>çm ~moQ>r, a§Jr~oa§Jr \$wcPmS>o, H$ma§Or Ago chmZ _wcm§gmR>r AZoH$ _Zmoa§OH$ Ioi AmhoV. Vo AmnU Ioiy eH$Vm. ghcrgmR>r `oVmZm OodUmMm S>~m, dm°Q>a ~°J, dhr, noZ, N>moQ>mgm Q>m°doc gmo~V KoD$Z `m`M§. AmnU gdm©Zr gaH$mar ~g_YyZ àdmg H$am`Mm Amho.
gam§Mo gm§JUo EoHy$Z _mPm AmZ§X JJZmV _mdoZmgm Pmcm. Kar OmD$Z _r d{S>cm§Zm gd© h{H$H$V gm§{JVcr. Ho$ìhm EH$Xm _r {H$„m nmhrZ `mM {dMmamV Pmonr Jocmo. _r JmT> PmonoV hmoVmo. àË`j {H$„mM _mÂ`mg_moa C^m hmoVm. Am{U Vmo ~mocy cmJcm.
~mi! _cm ^wB©H$moQ> {H$„m åhUVmV. ~oiJmdrÀ`m doerVM _r C^m Amho. _mPm {dñVma gw_mao 100 EH$a BVH$m Amho. _mPr {Z{_©Vr 13 ì`m eVH$mV H$aÊ`mV Amcr. _mÂ`m joÌmV, AgUmè`m ñWim§Mr _m{hVr Vwcm gm§JUma Amho. ^ì` XJS>r VQ>, g^modVr Imoc I§XH$ Ago _mPo ~mø ê$n Amho. CÎma d n{íM_ {Xeocm XmoZ ^ì` àdoeÛmao AmhoV.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
21
CÎmaoH$S>rc _w»` àdoeÛmamVyZ AmV Jocmg H$s gd© àW_ Vwcm XþJm©_mVoMo _§{Xa nmhmd`mg {_ioc. gH$mi g§Ü`mH$mi `oWo {d{Ynyd©H$ nyOm H$aVmV. nwT>o OmD$Z COdrH$S>o dicmg H$s am_H¥$îU Aml_ Amho. nydu oWo H$m¡cmê$ Kao hmoVr. AmVm ì` B_maV {XgVo. `oWo ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X 10 {Xdg am{hco hmoVo. Ë`mMr AmR>dU H$ê$Z XoUmao N>moQ>ogo H$m¡cmê$ Ka {VWo Amho. _R>mV am_H¥$îU na_h§g, _mVm emaXmXodr m§À`m à{V_m AmhoV. oWrc dmVmdaU _Z àgÞ H$aVo.
Ë`mÀ`mM ~mOycm X{jUoH$S>o nwamVZ H$_c~ñVr Amho. `m_Ü`o Amnë`mcm XJS>mVrc g§wXa H$moardH$m_ nmhmd`mg {_iVo. 13 ì`m eVH$mV aÅ> amOm§Zr `mMr {Z{_©Vr Ho$cr. `m ~ñVrÀ`m Jm^mè`mV Zo{_ZmWm§Mr _yVu Amho. g^m_§S>nmV AZoH$ àmUr, \$wco, docr `m§À`m g§wXa {eënH$cmH¥$Vr AmhoV. `m_Ü`o H$_c nwînm§À`m g§wXa Zjr AmhoV. åhUyZ Ë`m ~ñVrcm H$_c ~ñVr Ago åhUVmV.
_mÂ`m g^modVr 40 Vo 50 \$yQ> Imoc I§XH$ Amho. eÌynmgyZ ajU ìhmdo åhUyZ Vmo ImoXcm hmoVm. Ë`mcm nmhÿZ eÌycm nwT>o `oÊ`mMr {hå_V hmoV ZìhVr. _r AJXr {X_mImV C^m hmoVmo. nU AmO Vr pñWVr am{hcr Zmhr. _mP§ d¡^d
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
22
H$_r H$_r hmoV Mmcco Amho. H$X§~, amï´>Hy$Q> amOm§nmgyZ Vo N>ÌnVr {edmOr _hmamO, B§J«Om§n`ªV AZoH$m§Zr _mÂ`mda amÁ` Ho$co. Ë`m§À`m gÎmoÀ`m g§Kfm©V _mPo hmc Pmco. ~è`mM {R>H$mUr VQ>mcm VS>o Joco. ~wê$O H$mogico AmhoV. g^modVmcr PmS>o PwS>no dmT>cocr AmhoV. I§XH$mV gJirH$S>o gm_mÝ` _mUgo Ho$aH$Mam Q>mH$V AmhoV. ho nmhÿZ _cm \$ma dmB©Q> dmQ>Vo. `m gd© Jmoï>t_wio n[agamMo àXÿfU hmoV Amho. Ë`m_wio _mPo Eo{Vhm{gH$ _hÎd H$_r hmoV Amho.
~mim§Zmo, Vwåhr `m XoemMo ^mdr ZmJ[aH$ åhUyZ _r Vwåhmcm gm§JVmo Amho. _mÂ`mgma»`m Eo{Vhm{gH$ ñWim§Mo ajU H$am. Am_Mo _hËd Vwåhr gdmªZm gm§Jmdo, hrM _mPr BÀN>m.
_r gd© {H$„m {\$ê$Z nm{hcm. eodQ>r ~mhoa nS>VmZm _mJo diyZ nm{hco. {H$„m _mÂ`mH$S>o nmhÿZ hgV hmoVm. ~gÀ`m {IS>H$sVyZ _r hiyM {H$ëë`mcm Q>mQ>m H$aV hmoVmo. EdT>çmV AmB©Zo _mPm hmV nH$Sy>Z {dMmaco, ~mi, Vy PmonoV H$moUmcm Q>mQ>m H$aV Amhog? Voìhm _r OmJm Pmcmo Am{U AmB©cm gJir h{H$H$V gm§{JVcr.
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
{eënH$cmH¥$Vr - XJS>mVrc H$moard H$m_cmB©\$$ O°Ho$Q> - nmÊ`mV ~wSy> Z`o åhUyZ Kmcm`Mm a~ar nmofmI (O°Ho$Q>)dm°Q>a ~°J - nmÊ`mMr {nedr nwamVZ - àmMrZ{hå_V - YmS>g I§XH$ - {H$ëë`mÀ`m ^modVmcMm Ma
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) amKd Jwê$Or§Zr H$emMo {Z`moOZ Ho$co hmoVo?2) ghcrcm H$moR>o Om`Mo R>a{dco hmoVo?3) {H$„m H$moUmer ~mocV hmoVm?4) {H$ëë`mV H$moUH$moUVr _§{Xao AmhoV?5) `m {H$ëë`mda amÁ` Ho$coë`m amOm§Mr Zmdo H$moUVr?
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
23
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 3-4 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) ghcr_Ü`o {H$„m n[agamVrc H$moUH$moUVr ñWio nmhm`Mo R>a{dco hmoVo?2) ghcrcm `oVmZm H$moUVo gm{hË` AmUÊ`mg gm§{JVco hmoVo?3) H$_c~ñVr{df`r _m{hVr {chr.4) {H$ëë`mÀ`m ~møénmMo dU©Z H$am.5) {H$ëë`mZo H$moUVr I§V ì`º$ Ho$cr?6) Eo{Vhm{gH$ ñWim§Mo ajU H$aÊ`mgmR>r H$m` Ho$co nm{hOo?
B) Jmicoë`m OmJr H§$gmVrc `mo½` eãX ^a.
(H$_c~ñVr, ^wB©H$moQ>, 13 ì`m, àXÿfU)1) ~oiJmdr `oWo ................ {H$„m Amho.2) hm {H$„m .............. eVH$mV ~m§YÊ`mV Amcm.3) ~oiJmdrÀ`m {H$ëë`mV AgUmè`m ~ñVrcm .............. åhUVmV.4) ............. _wio {H$ëë`mMo Eo{Vhm{gH$ _hËd H$_r hmoV Amho.
C) `m nmR>mV {H$ëë`mg§~§Yr Amcoë`m eãXm§Mr `mXr V`ma H$a.
................... ................... ...................
................... ................... ...................
................... ................... ...................
................... ................... ...................
D$) Vwåhmcm _mhrV Agcoë`m {H$ëë`m§Mr Zmdo {chr.
................... ................... ...................
................... ................... ...................
................... ................... ...................
................... ................... ...................
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
24
E)Imcr {Xcoë`m {MÌmVrc Ajam_Ü`o nmR>mVrc 16 eãX XS>co AmhoV. Ë`mVrc `mo½` Ajam§Mr {ZdS> H$ê$Z AW©nyU© eãX V`ma H$a.
{H$ëë`mMo {MÌ
O H$ K {e g
E Zmo
H¥¥$ c P k nw W
am I§ A _§ E ñVr [a {V ën d
{d îU hm Xþ e {X à X _ W H$
Ûm a f g ~ U ~o _
cm n
^w a§ R> à V j
B© O H$mo Z Q> {g f©
\
CXm. Oc{dhma
1) ............ 5) ............ 9) ............. 13) ............
2) ............ 6) ............ 10) ............ 14) ............
3) ............ 7) ............ 11) ............ 15) ............
4) ............ 8) ............ 12) ............ 16) ............
Eoo) {ejH$m§À`m _XVrZo Vw_À`m n[agamVrc {H$ëë`m§Mr _m{hVr 15-20 AmoirV
{chr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
25
"V' H$mamMr J_§V
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
26
nmR> 6
namonH$mar Za|Ð
ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X `m Wmoa nwéfmMm OÝ_ 12 OmZodmar 1863 amoOr Pmcm. Ë`m§À`m AmB©Mo Zmd ^wdZooídar Xodr d d[S>cm§Mo Zmd {dídZmW~m~y XÎm Ago hmoVo. {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo chmZnUrMo Zmd Za|Ð hmoVo. Ë`m§À`m Am`wî`mV KS>cocm hm EH$ àg§J.
Za|Ð Am{U Ë`mMo {_Ì XaamoO EH$m _moR>çm ì`m`m_emioV OmV AgV. Omoa, Hw$ñVr, ~¡R>H$m, _cIm§~, dOZ CMcUo, gmIù`m§Zm Yê$Z cm|~H$iUo Ago ì`m`m_ Vo gd©OU H$arV AgV. Mm§Jë`m {ejH$m§Zmhr {VWo ~mocmdyZ Ë`m§À`m H$Sy>Z ì`m`m_mMo AZoH$ àH$ma {eH${dco OmV. ho ì`m`m_mMo àH$ma nmhÊ`mgmR>r ~aoM cmoH$ JXu H$aV AgV.
EH$Xm EH$ Zm_d§V ì`m`m_nÅz> {VWo Amcm hmoVm. Za|Ð, Ë`mMo {_Ì Am{U àojH$m§Zrhr JXu Ho$cr hmoVr. Vmo ì`m`m_nÅz> H$m¡eë`mZo doJdoJio ì`m`m_ àH$ma ghO H$ê$Z XmIdrV hmoVm. cmoH$ Q>mù`m dmOdyZ Ë`mMm CËgmh dmT>drV hmoVo.
AMmZH$ H$S>mS²>H$S> Agm AmdmO Pmcm. cm|~H$iUmar gmIir H$S>çmnmgyZ VwQy>Z EH$m _mUgmÀ`m S>moŠ`mda AmXicr. Ë`m AmKmVmZo Vmo _mUyg ~oewÕ hmoD$Z nS>cm. S>moŠ`mcm _moR>r OI_ Pmcr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
27
Ë`mVyZ im^im aº$ dmhÿ cmJco. Vo nmhVmM ì`dñWmnH$, ì`m`m_nÅz> mZr ni H$mT>cm. àojH$gwÕm Km~aco hmoVo. ZwgVo hihiV VoWyZ H$mT>Vm nm` KoV hmoVo.
Za|Ð YmdVM Ë`m _mUgm Odi Jocm. Ë`mZo Amnë`m {_Ìm§Zm ~mocmdco. ì`m`m_ emioVrc H$mnyg d nÅ>r emoYyZ H$mT>cr. Ë`m _mUgmMr OI_ ñdÀN> H$ê$Z Ë`mcm nÅ>r ~m§Ycr. OI_ _moR>r hmoVr. Ë`m_wio Za|ÐZo KmoS>mJmS>rV KmcyZ Ë`m _mUgmcm XdmImÝ`mV Zoco. d¡ÚmH$Sy>Z CnMma Pmë`m_wio Vmo _mUyg ewÕrda Amcm. Vmon`ªV Za|Ð d Ë`mMo {_Ì Ë`m _mUgmOdi ~gyZ hmoVo. ewÕrda `oVmM
Za|ÐmZo Ë`mMo Zmd Jmd {dMmaco. Ë`mMo Zmd Xo~yXm hmoVo. Vmo EH$ Zm{dH$ hmoVm. J§Jo_Ü`o Zmd MmcdyZ Am{U _mgo_mar H$ê$Z Vmo Amncm g§gma MmcdrV hmoVm. Ë`mcm ~m`H$mo d VrZ _wco hmoVr.
Ë`mMr J[a~rMr n[apñWVr AmoiIyZ Za|Ð d Ë`mÀ`m {_Ìm§Zr dJ©Ur Jmoim Ho$cr. Am¡fYmMm IM© H$ê$Z Cacoco n¡go Ë`mÀ`m hmVr XoV Za|Ð åhUmcm, ""Xo~yXm, ho n¡go R>odm Vw_À`mH$S>o. \$maM H$_r AmhoV ho, nU XmoZ VrZ {Xdgm§À`m _c_nÅ>rgmR>r Vw_À`m H$m_r `oVrc.''Xo~yXm J{hdê$Z Za|Ðcm Odi KoV åhUmco, ""~mi, EdT>çm chmZ d`mVhr VwP§ _Z Ho$dT>§ _moR>§ Amho ao!''
_wcm§Zmo! Á`m§Zm AmO AmnU ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X `m ZmdmZo AmoiIVmo VmoM hm chmZnUrMm Za|Ð ~ao!
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
28
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
AmKmV - Y¸$m, àhma hihiUo - IoX qH$dm emoH$ H$aUo
J{hdaUo - H§$R> XmQy>Z `oUo, _Z ^ê$Z `oUo
H Imcrc dmH²$àMmam§Mm AW© g_OyZ Ko.
1) H$mT>Vm nm` KoUo - {ZKyZ OmUo.
2) _c_nÅ>r H$aUo - OI_oda Am¡fYmonMma H$aUo.
3) H$m¡eë` XmI{dUo - hþemar XmI{dUo.
4) hihiUo - Xþ…I ì`º$ H$aUo.
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) ì`m`m_emioV H$moUH$moUVo ì`m`m_àH$ma Ho$co OmV AgV?
2) gmIir H$moUmÀ`m S>moŠ`mda AmXicr?
3) ì`dñWmnH$ d ì`m`m_nÅz>§Zr H$m` Ho$co?
4) Xo~yXmcm XdmImÝ`mV H$moU KoD$Z Joco?
5) {ddoH$mZ§X `m§Zr OJmcm H$moUVr {eH$dU {Xcr?
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr XmooZ-VrZ dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.
1) Xo~yXm H$gm OI_r Pmcm?
2) Za|ÐZo Xo~yXmcm H$er _XV Ho$cr?
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
29
3) Xo~yXmÀ`m Hw$Qw>§~m{df`r _m{hVr {chr.
4) g_O! Za|ÐÀ`m {R>H$mUr Vy AgVmg Va H$m` Ho$co AgVog?
B) Imcrc [aH$må`m OmJm ^a.
1) Za|Ð Am{U Ë`mMo {_Ì XaamoO ........... `oWo OmV AgV.
2) cm|~H$iUmar gmIir .......... À`m S>moŠ`mda AmXicr.
3) Za|ÐZo Xo~yXmMr ............. ñdÀN> Ho$cr.
4) Xo~yXm hm EH$ .............. hmoVm.
5) Za|Ð hmM nwT>o .......... `m ZmdmZo AmoiIcm OmD$ cmJcm.
B©) Z_wÝ`mà_mUo H§$gmVrc `mo½` eãX [aH$må`m OmJr ^a.
(namdc§~r, na_{_Ì, nmhþUMma, naXoer)
CXm. Xþgè`mcm _XV H$aUmam - namonH$mar
1) Kar Amcoë`m nmhþÊ`m§Mo ñdmJV H$aUo .............
2) Xþgè`m XoemVrc ì`º$s ...........
3) Xþgè`mda Adc§~yZ AgUmam ..........
4) Img {OdcJ {_Ì .............
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
30
C) Vy IoiV Agcooë`m Iooim§Mr Zmdo JmoocmV {chr.
D$) Vy `m§Zm H$moUË`m àH$mao _XV H$aerc Vo {chr.
ì`º$s _XVrMm àH$ma
AmB©
dS>rc
~hrU
AmOr AmOmo~m
......................................
......................................
......................................
......................................
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
31
E) H$Z² hm àË`` cmdyyZ nwwT>rc eãX nyyU© H$a.
CXm. Yn²H$Z²
1) MQ²> ............. 6) ImS²> ..............
2) _Q²> ............. 7) YmS²> .............
3) Q>n² ............. 8) \$mS²> .............
4) VQ²> ............ 9) H$mS²> .............
5) Jn² ............ 10) VmS²> .............
Eo) `m ì`º$s¨À`m ñd^md {deofm§À`m OmoS>çm Owid.
1) H§w$^H$U© ImXmS>
2) ZmaX XmZeya
3) ~H$mgya ^moim
4) H$U© Pmonmiy
5) hZw_mZ H$icmì`m
6) e§H$a ~cdmZ
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
32
nmR 7H$Yr dmQ>Vo
H$Yr dmQ>Vo amoOMoM hoê$n Zmhrgo ìhmdo{haì`m {haì`m dZamB©VwZñd¡a _wº$ qhS>mdo &&Y¥&&
hmoD$Z hþn² hþn² _mH$S>¿`mdm C§M PmoH$m{_Ìm§Zm _J N>iÊ`mMm`oB©c hmVr _moH$mamoO gH$mir g§Ü`mH$mir{hado noê$ Imdo &&1&&
hmoD$Zr _§wJr ~marH$XþH$mZmV _r OmB©Z^aUr_Yco noT>o ~\$s©\$ñV H$ê$Z _r `oB©ZgmnS>cmo Oa Ho$ìhm hmVrKoB©Z AZoH$ Mmdo &&2&&
H$Yr hmoD$Zr _moa ^O©ar\w$cdrZ a§J {ngmamIwemc ZmMrZ A§JUmVwZrPocrZ nmD$gYmamAmH$memVrc eVa§JmMonmhrZ _r XoImdo &&3&&
- àdrU XdUo
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
33
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
ñd¡a - ñdÀN>§Xr, _wº$nUo _moH$m - g§Yr\$ñV - ImD$Z g§n{dUo ^O©ar - ^aOar (OarZo ^acocm)eVa§J - eoH$S>mo a§J
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) H$drcm {haì`m dZamB©VyZ H$go {\$amdogo dmQ>Vo?2) _mH$S> Pmë`mda H$moUË`m Jmoï>r H$aÊ`mMm _moH$m Amnë`mcm {_iVmo?3) _mH$S> Pmco H$s gH$mir g§Ü`mH$mir H$m` ImVm oB©c Aer Vmo H$ënZm H$aVmo?4) _§wJr Pmcmo Va H$moUVr M¡Z H$aVm `oB©c Ago H$drg dmQ>Vo?5) hmVr gmnS>crVa _w§Jr H$m` H$aVo?6) _moa Ho$ìhm ZmMVmo?7) _moa hmoD$Z H$gco XoImdo nhmdoV Ago H$drcm dmQ>Vo?
~) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 3-4 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) _mH$S> ìhmdo Ago H$drcm H$m dmQ>Vo?2) _§wJr hmoD$Z Ë`mcm H$m` H$am`Mo Amho?3) _moa Pmcmo Va Amnë`mcm H$go dmJVm `oB©c?4) Oa Vy hÎmr Pmcmg Va H$m` H$aerc?
H$) AZooH$ dMZ {chr.
PmoH$m .................... Mmdm ...................._moH$m .................... {ngmam ....................noT>m .................... XoImdm ....................
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
34
S>) {ejH$mÀ`m ghmæ`mZo MMm© H$a.
1) noê$ IoarO _mH$S> AmUIr H$m` H$m` ImVo?
2) _§wJrMm H$moUVm JwUY_© AmnU KoÊ`mgmaIm Amho?
3) AmH$memVrc eVa§Jm§Mo XoImdo Ago H$dr H$m åhUV Agoc?
4) Aer {d{dY ê$no AmnU ¿`mdrV Ago H$drcm H$m dmQ>V Agoc?
B) H${dVoÀ`m Amooir nyU© H$a.
1) hmoD$Z ................ _mH$S>
........................ PmoH$m
..............................
........................ _moH$m
2) H$Yr hmoD$Zr _moa ................
.................................
.................................
.................... nmD$g Ymam.
B©) H${dVoMm {Xcocm mdmW© dmMyZ Ë`mcm AZwgê$Z Agcoë`m darc H${dVoVrc
Amoir {chr.
1) _cm H$YrH$Yr dmQ>Vo H$s Amnco Zoh_rMo ê$n Zmhrgo ìhmdo Am{U {haì`m
dZamB©VyZ _wº$nUo qhS>mdo.
2) _cm H$Yr H$Yr dmQ>Vo H$s XþH$mZmV OmD$Z ^aUrVrc noT>o ~\$s© Imdo
d _r Oa H$moUmÀ`m hmVr gmnS>cmo Va Ë`mcm Mmdmdo.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
35
nmR 8
Imo-Imo
Imo-Imo hm EH$ ^maVr` Ioi Amho. hm Ioi I{M©H$ Zmhr. H$moUË`mhr gm{hË`m{edm` hm Ioi Ioicm OmVmo. m_Ü`o àË`oH$ JQ>mV àË`j IoiUmao ZD$ d amIrd VrZ IoimSy> AgVmV.
H«$sS>m§JU n§Mdrg _rQ>a cm§~ d Mm¡Xm _rQ>a ê§$X Ago Am`VmH$ma AgVo. `m_Ü`o XmoZ ~mOycm XmoZ nmoc (Im§~) AgVmV.
`m nmocm§À`m Xaå`mZ IoimSy>§Zm ~gÊ`mÀ`m OmJm XmI{dUmè`m AmR> Mm¡H$Q>r AmIcoë`m AgVmV. àË`oH$ Mm¡H$Q>rÀ`m XmoÝhr ~mO§yZm _¡XmZmMm AmS>ì`m gr_maofon`ªV XmoZ-XmoZ aofm AmIcoë`m AgVmV.
IoimMr nÕV … AmH«$_H$ g§KmMo (MoOg©) AmR> IoimSy> darc AmR> Mm¡H$Q>rda C{H$S>do ~gVmV. Ë`m§Mr Vm|S>o EH$_|H$m§À`m {déÕ {Xeocm AgVmV. Zddm IoimSy> nmR>cmJ H$aUmam IoimSy> åhUyZ EH$m nmocOdi C^m amhVmo.
~Mmd g§KmMo (aZg©) VrZ IoimSy> EH$m doir EH$mM {R>H$mUmhÿZ _¡XmZmV àdoe H$aVmV. (Vo {VKo ~mX hmoB©n`ªV nwT>À`m IoimSy>Zm H«$sS>m§JUmV àdoe ZgVmo.)
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
36
ho IoimSy> H«$sS>m§JUmV H$moR>ohr amhÿZ Amncm ~Mmd H$ê$ eH$VmV. Ë`m§Zm ñne© H$ê$Z ~mX H$aÊ`mMo H$m_ nmR>cmJ H$aUmè`m (MoOg©) IoimSy>cm H$am`Mo AgVo. nmR>cmJ H$aÊ`mMo H$m_ EH$M IoimSy> Z H$aVm ~Mmd IoimSy> (aZa) Á`mÀ`m Odi qH$dm g_moa AgVmo, Ë`m MoOg© njmÀ`m ~gcoë`m IoimSy>cm nmR>_moao Imo XoD$Z nma nmS>co OmVo.
nmR>cmJ H$aUmè`m IoimSy>§Zm nwT>rc {Z`_ nmimdo cmJVmV.
1) EH$M IoimSy> nmR>cmJ H$aVmo. Cacoco AmR> OU Mm¡H$Q>rV ~gcoco AgVmV.
2) nH$S>Umè`m IoimSy>cm IoimSy> (MoOg©) ~gcocr am§J Amocm§S>Vm `oV Zmhr. niUmè`mcm CcQ> gwcQ> {XeoZo MH$dV YmdVm `oVo.
3) Imo {_imë`mZ§Va CR>Umè`m IoimSy>cmhr niÊ`mMr Or {Xem Yacocr AgVo, Vr ~XcVm `oV Zmhr.
4) nmocH$S>o nmohmoMë`mZ§Va _mÌ MoOg© g§KmMo IoimSy> Amncr {Xem ~Xcy eH$VmV.
`mgmR>r JS>r ~mX H$aÊ`mgmR>r aZa OoWo Agoc Ë`m ñWmZmOdi ~gcoë`m IoimSy>À`m nmR>rcm hmVmZo ñne© H$ê$Z nmR>cmJ H$aUmam IoimSy> Imo åhUVmo. cmJcrM ~gcocm IoimSy> CRy>Z nmR>cmJ H$aVmo. Imo XoUmam Ë`mÀ`m OmJr ~gVmo.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
37
doi … mà_mUo MoOg© d aZg©Mr EH$ nmir {_iyZ EH$ S>md hmoVmo. gm_Ý`m_Ü`o Ago gmV gmV {_{ZQ>mMo XmoZ S>md IoiVmV.
`m_Ü`o ~mX Pmcoë`m àË`oH$ IoimSy>~Ôc MoOg© g§Kmg EH$ JwU (JwUXmZ) {_iVmo. gd© IoimSy> ~mX Pmë`mZ§Va nyduÀ`m H«$_mZoM IoimSy> YmdÊ`mg oVmV. Á`m g§Kmg XmoÝhr S>mdmV {_iyZ OmñV JwU {_iVmV, Vmo {dO`r hmoVmo.
`m Ioim_Ü`o "Imo' XoUo, {Xem ~XcUo, gya _maUo, Im§~mÀ`m ~mOyZo g\$mB©Zo niUo, hþcH$mdUr XoUo, H$m|S>rVyZ {ZgQ>Uo Aer AZoH$ H$m¡eë`o Amnë`mcm OmonmgVm `oVmV. Agm hm Imo-Imo Ioi emar[aH$ V§Xþê$ñVrgmR>r AË`§V Cn`wº$ R>aVmo.
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
~Mmd - ajU H$m|S>r hmoUo - g§H$Q>mV gmnS>Uo
H$m¡eë` - MmVw`© OmonmgUo - gm§^miUo
V§XþéñV - {ZamoJr C{H$S>do - Q>mMm nmoQ>arer d JwS>Ko nmoQ>mer
KoV Q>oHy$Z ~gcocm
MoOg© (B§p½ce eãX) - nmR>cmJ H$aUmao
aZg© (B§p½ce eãX) - YmdUmao
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) Imo, Imo Ioim_Ü`o EHy$U {H$Vr IoimSy> AgVmV?2) Imo, Imo Mo H«$sS>m§JU H$go AgVo?3) AmH«$_H$ g§KmMm Zddm IoimSy> H$moR>o C^m amhVmo?4) EH$m doir ~Mmd g§KmMo {H$Vr IoimSy> niVmV?
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
38
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao 3-4 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) IoiVmZm AmH«$_H$ g§KmÀ`m IoimSy>§Mr aMZm H$er AgVo?
2) ~Mmd g§KmÀ`m IoimSy>§À`m H¥$VrMo dU©Z H$am.
3) nmR>cmJ H$aUmè`m IoimS>y>§Zm H$moUVo {Z`_ nmimdo cmJVmV?
4) Imo Imo Ioim_Ü`o Agcoë`m JwUXmZ nÕVr g§~§Yr _m{hVr {chm?
5) Imo Imo IoiVmZm H$moUH$moUË`m H$m¡eë`m§Mr OmonmgZm H$aVm `oVo?
B) [aH$må`m OmJr H§$gmVrc `mo½` eãX ^a.
(aZg©, MoOg©, H$m¡eë`, nmR>cmJ)
1) AmH«$_H$ g§KmMo IoimSy> .............
2) ~Mmd g§KmMo IoimSy> ...........
3) AmH«$_H$ g§KmMm EH$ IoimSy> ........... H$aVmo.
4) Im§~mÀ`m ~mOyZo g\$mB©Zo niUo ho EH$ ............. Amho.
B©) Imcr {Xcooë`m H$mooï>H$mVrc _m{hVr g_OyZ Ko.
Ioi EHy$U IoimSy> àË`j IoiUmao
Imo Imo 12 9
H$~È>r 12 7
{H«$Ho$Q> 15 11
ìhm°cr~m°c 12 6
AmQ>çmnmQ>çm 12 9
\$wQ>~m°c 15 11
W«mo~m°c 12 9
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
39
C) Vy IooiV Agcooë`m Iooim§Mr `mXr V`ma H$a.
.................... .................... ...................
.................... .................... ...................
.................... .................... ...................
.................... .................... ...................
.................... .................... ...................
.................... .................... ...................
D$) Imcrc dmH²$àMmam§Mm AW© {ejH$m§À`m ghmæ`mZo g_OyyZ Ko.
1) hþcH$mdUr XoUo 2) Imo XoUo
3) gya _maUo 4) H$m|S>rVyZ {ZgQ>Uo
5) nmR>cmJ H$aUo.
E) Imcrc dmŠ`mV "~gUo' {H«$`mnXmMr dV©_mZ H$mimVrc gm_mÝ` ê$no
[aH$må`m OmJr ^a.
1) _§Owim ...........
2) gmJa ...........
3) {dO` Am{U AjVm...........
4) _m§Oa ..........
5) ~¡c ...........
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
40
nmR> 9
\$ogmQ>r gm_ZmEH$Xm EH$ _m§Oa, Ioiy cmJco {H«$Ho$Q>,n{hë`mM Amoìha_Ü`o nS>cr C§Xra _m_mMr {dHo$Q>.hÎmr_m_mZo gm|S> {\$adyZ
R>moH$cm EH$ fQ²>H$ma,Am{U _J AmZ§XmZo ñdV…M Ho$cm {MËH$ma.H$mgd XmXmÀ`m ~°Q>tJcm aZa {_imcm ggm,AmoaSy>Z AmoaSy>Z àojH$m§Mm XþIy cmJcm Kgm._mZ da H$ê$Z H°$M PocVmo C§Q>,~moH$S> _m_m ImOdVmo Amnë`m XmT>rMo I§wQ>.~°qQ>Jdmë`m g§Km_Ü`o H$moëhm AgVmo MVwa,{dê$Õ ~mOyÀ`m cm§S>½`mcm Ho$co Ë`mZo {\$Vya.AIoa Ooìhm dmKmo~m hmVmV KoVmV ~°Q>,AdVma Ë`m§Mm nmhÿZ n§Mm§Mr CS>Vo h°Q>.
- dËgcm H${U©HH$
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
41
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
Amoìha - fQ>H$ (ghm M|Sy> Q>mH$Uo) {dHo$Q> nS>Uo - ~mX hmoUo. (AmD$Q> hmoUo)[MËH$ma H$aUo - hÎmrMo AmoaS>UoaZa - ~°Q²>g_ZÀ`m OmJr niUmam Xþgam IoimSy>H°$M - Poc {\$Vya H$aUo - Amnë`m ~mOycm didUoh°Q> - Q>monr \o$gmQ>r - Vm|S>mcm \o$g AmUUmam
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) _m§Oa H$m` Ioiy cmJco?2) hÎmr_m_mZo AmZ§X H$gm ì`º$ Ho$cm?3) H$moUmMm Kgm XþIy cmJcm?4) ~moH$S>_m_m H$m` H$aVmo?5) H$moëømZo H$moUVr `wº$s Ho$cr?5) n§Mm§Mr h°Q> H$Yr CS>Vo?
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr 3-4 dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.
1) hÎmrÀ`m {H«$Ho$Q> IoimMo dU©Z H$a.2) H$moëømZo H$moUVm MVwanUm Ho$cm?3) AIoarg gm_Zm H$gm g§ncm?
B) [aH$må`m OmJm ^a.
1) _m§Oa .................. Ioi Ioiy cmJco.2) C§Xra_m_m ............... Amoìha_Ü`o AmD$Q> Pmcm.3) hÎmrZo ................ R>moH$cm.4) H°$M .............. `mZo KoVcm.5) H$moëømZo .............. cm {\$Vya Ho$co.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
42
B©) Z_wwÝ`mà_mUo {chr.
CXm. {H«$Ho$Q> - {dHo$Q>1) fQ>H$ma - ......................2) ggm - ....................3) C§Q> - ....................4) MVwa - ....................5) ~°Q> - ....................
C) Imcrc Am§Vamï´>r` {H«$Ho$Q>Mo àH$ma {ejH$mH$Sy>Z g_OyZ Ko.
1) H$gmoQ>r {H«$Ho$Q> - 05 {Xdg2) dZS>o {H«$Ho$Q> - 50 Amoìhg©3) Q²>d|Q>r Q²>d|Q>r {H«$Ho$Q> - 20 Amoìhg©
D$) H¥$Vr … {MÌmVrc àmUr Iyn {d{MÌ Amho. H$moUH$moUË`m àmÊ`m§Mo Ad`d Ë`m_Ü`o XS>co AmhoV Vo {chr.
1) ................
2) ................
3) ................
4) ................
5) ................
6) ................
E) H¥$Vr … Vwcm AmdS>Umè`m IoimMo dU©Z 5 AmoirV {chr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
43
nmR> 10
AS>mUr IoSy>VEH$ IoSy>V hmoVm. Vmo {Zaja hmoVm. Ë`mcm A{O~mV {c{hVm-dmMVm oV ZìhVo.
cmoH$ nwñVH$ qH$dm nona dmMVmZm Mî_m cmdVmV, ho Vmo Zoh_r nmhV Ago. Ë`mcm dmQ>co, ""Oa _mÂ`mH$S>o Mî_m Agoc, Va _rhr m cmoH$m§gmaIo dmMy eHo$Z. ehamV OmD$Z _mÂ`mgmR>r EH$ Mî_m IaoXr Ho$cm nm{hOo.''
EHo$ {Xder Vmo ehamV Jocm. Mîå`mÀ`m XþH$mZmV OmD$Z Ë`mZo XþH$mZXmamcm gm§{JVco H$s, _cm dmMÊ`mgmR>r EH$ Mî_m nm{hOo. XþH$mZXmamZo Ë`mcm VèhoVèhoMo Mî_o XmI{dco Am{U dmMÊ`mgmR>r EH$ nwñVH$hr {Xco. IoSw>VmZo EH$m _mJmo_mJ EH$ Ago gJio Mî_o S>moù`m§Zm cmdyZ nm{hco. Vmo åhUmcm, ""H$moUVmM Mî_m _mÂ`m Cn`moJmMm Zmhr.'' `mda XþH$mZXmamZo Ë`mÀ`mH$S>o g§e`mZo nm{hco, IoSw>VmZo nwñVH$ CcQ>o Yaco hmoVo. XþH$mZXma IoSw>Vmcm åhUmcm, ""H$Xm{MV Vwcm dmMVmM oV Zgmdo.''
IoSw>V åhUmcm, ""_cm dmMVm `oV Zmhr; åhUyZ Va _cm Mî_m hdm`. Mî_m cmdcm åhUOo _cm BVam§gmaIo dmMVm oB©c. nU mn¡H$s _cm EH$mhr Mîå`mZo dmMVm `oV Zmhr.''
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
44
Ë`m AS>mUr {JèhmB©H$mMr Iar AS>MU XþH$mZXmamÀ`m cjmV Amë`mda _moR>çm _wpíH$crZo Ë`mZo Amnco hgy Xm~co.
XþH$mZXma IoSw>Vmcm g_OmdUrÀ`m gwamV åhUmcm, _mÂ`m {_Ìm, Vy Iyn gmYm^moim Am{U AS>mUr Amhog. Mîå`m_wio H$moUmghr {c{hVm dmMVm `oV Zmhr. Mîå`m_wio Amnë`mcm \$º$ ñnï> {Xgy eH$Vo. Vy AmYr {chm`cm, dmMm`cm {eH$. _J Vwcm Mîå`m{edm`gwÕm dmMVm `oB©c.
AkmZ hmM _wir Am§YionUm hmo`
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
AS>mUr - AkmZr, Á`mcm kmZ Zmhr Aer ì`º$s.
{Zaja - {c{hVm dmMVm Z `oUmam
VèhoVèhoMo - doJdoJio, _wpíH$crZo - H$ï>mZo
A) EH$m dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.
1) AS>mUr IoSy>V ehamV H$emgmR>r Jocm hmoVm?
2) IoSw>Vmcm H$moUVm Mî_m hdm hmoVm?
3) IoSw>VmMm H$moUVm J¡ag_O hmoVm?
4) ehamV OmD$Z Mî_m IaoXr Ho$bm nm{hOo Ago IoSy>Vmg H$m dmQ>bo?
Am) {déÕmWu eãX {chr.
1) gw{e{jV x 2) eha x3) {dídmg x 4) eÌy x5) H$Rr>U x 6) gmja x
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
45
B) XmoZ-VrZ dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.
1) IoSy>V Zoh_r H$m` nmhV Ago?
2) XþH$mZXmamÀ`m _ZmV H$moUVm g§e` Amcm?
3) IoSw>VmMr Iar AS>MU H$moUVr hmoVr?
B©) H§$gmVrc eãXm§Mm dmna H$ê$Z dmŠ` nyU© H$a.
(gmja, Mî_m, {JèhmB©H$, XþH$mZXma, {Zaja)
1) ì`dpñWV {XgÊ`mg _XV H$aUmar dñVy ............
2) {c{hVm dmMVm Z `oUmam .............
3) XþH$mZmVrc dñVy IaoXr H$aUmam ...............
4) {c{hVm dmMVm `oUmam ...............
5) XþH$mZ Mmc{dUmam ............
C) Imcr {Xoë`m H$moï>H$mV H$mhr eãX CcQ>o gwwcQ>o cncoco AmhoV. Vo emoYyyZ {chr.
A S>m Ur C c Q>o H$m
nw {e A km Z ^mo M
ñV g {j gw am V î_m
H$ Xm {M V Sy> Io gy
Xþ e Z Xm a h H$m
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
46
1. ................ 7. ................2. ................ 8. ................3. ................ 9. ................4. ................ 10. ................5. ................ 11. ................6. ................ 12. ................
* {MÌmVrc {dÚmÏ`m©cm emiocm OmÊ`mMm _mJ© XmId.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
47
nmR> 11
nÌ coIZ&&lr&&
Ûmam Hw$. ñZohc nmQ>rc{dÚmZJa,{Q>iH$dmS>r, ~oiJmdr.6 {S>g|~a 2012
{à` _¡ÌrU, àmOº$mg,
gào_ Z_ñH$ma,
AmVm nÌ {c{hÊ`mg H$maU H$s, _mÂ`m emioMr ghc ZwH$VrM {ZgJ©aå` Aem _wS>}ída `m {R>H$mUr OmD$Z Amcr. Amnco H$Zm©Q>H$ Aà{V_ Aem {ZgJ©gm¢X`m©Zo ZQ>coco amÁ` Amho. KZXmQ> O§Jco, C§M S>m|Ja d Imoc Xè`m, Zmair nmo\$irÀ`m ~hacoë`m ~mJm, g_wÐ {H$Zmao, H$mOy, Ho$irÀ`m JX© PmS>rVrc H$m¡cmê$ Ka§ ho gJi§ nmhÿZ Vwcm H$Yr EH$Xm ho H$idrZ Ago _cm Pmco Amho.
{H$ZmanÅ>rcJV Agcoco "_wS>}ída' ho EH$ N>moQ>ogo Jmd. JmdmV àdoe H$arV AgVmZmM ZmaimÀ`m Pmdù`m§_YyZ AmH$memer ñnYm© H$aUmè`m e§H$amÀ`m
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
48
_yVuMo Xe©Z hmoVo. VoWrc _wS>}ídamMo _§{Xa ho {eënH$coMm d H$cmHw$garMm CÎm_
Z_wZm Amho. C§MC§M Jmonwao nm{hcr H$s _§{XamÀ`m ^ì`VoMr H$ënZm `oVo.
Q>oH$S>rda Agcoë`m ~mJo_Ü`o nm¡am{UH$ àg§J {eënm_Ü`o gmH$ma Ho$co AmhoV.
_Yë`m Q>oH$S>rda n`©Q>H$m§gmR>r A{cemZ {dlm_J¥h Amho. g_wÐmVM ~m§Ycoco
{dlm_J¥h cj doYyZ KoVo.
_wS>}ída {H$Zmam AË`§V gwa{jV Agë`mZo `oWo g_wÐñZmZmMr _m¡O _Zgmoº$
cwQ>Vm `oVo. doJmZo OmUmè`m cm±Mog, _ÀN>r_mam§À`m N>moQ>çm N>moQ>çm hmoS>çm, àM§S>
_moR>r OhmOo d _YyZM PonmdUmè`m EImÚm g_wÐnú`mMo Xe©Z hmoVo. g_wÐ{H$Zmè`mda
e§I qenco Jmoim H$aVmZm Am{U cm±M_YyZ N>moQ>r g_wÐg¡a H$aVmZm VwPr Iyn
AmR>dU Amcr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
49
{H$Zmè`mda H$cmHw$garÀ`m gm{hË`mMr VgoM oinwar, MmQ>Mr XþH$mZo n`©Q>H$m§Zm
AmH${f©V H$aVmV. _rhr VwÂ`mgmR>r EH$ J§_V KoVcr Amho. gy`m©ñVmÀ`mdoir
gy`m©Mo à{Vq~~ nmÊ`mV nSy>Z g_wÐmMo nmUr Ho$ear Pmë`mà_mUo {XgVo. BVa
n`©Q>ZñWimà_mUo `oWo AÚmn JXu Zmhr. Ë`m_wio {ZgJm©À`m gm{ÞÜ`mV amhÊ`mMm
AmZ§X `oWo cwQ>Vm `oVmo. àmOº$m Vwcmhr {ZgJm©Mr \$maM AmdS> Amho. VwÂ`m
{ejH$m§Zm {dZ§Vr H$ê$Z `m ghcrg OmD$Z `oM. Amnë`m H$Zm©Q>H$mMm hm Z`Z_
Zmoha Agm àXoe Vy Oê$a nhm!
Kar VwPo AmB© ~m~m H$go AmhoV? N>moQ>m AWd© AmVm ~mcdmS>rV Agoc.
gdmªZm _mPm `Wmo{MV Z_ñH$ma gm§J.
VwPr _¡ÌrU
ñZohc
à{V,
Hw$. àmOº$m gw. OmYd
142/2, `moJoída {Zdmg
_w.nmo. VrW©H§w$S>`o
Vm. ImZmnya, {O. ~oiJmdr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
50
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
Aà{V_ - AË`§V g§wXa Jmonwao - _§{XamMr {eIao
KZXmQ> - XmQ>rdmQ>rMo, ^aJƒ nm¡am{UH$ - nwamUmVrc
nmo\$ir - gwnmarMo PmS> A{cemZ - ^ì`, _moR>o
Qw>_Xma - N>moQ>o, AmQ>monera cm±M - B§{OZda MmcUmar hmoS>r
JX© - XmQ> gm{ÞÜ` - ghdmg
Pmdir - ZmaimÀ`m PmS>mMr \$m§Xr à{Vq~~ - AmaemV qH$dm nmÊ`mV
{XgUmao ê$n
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao {chr.
1) darc nÌ H$moUr H$moUmg {c{hco Amho?
2) ñZohcMr ghc H$moUË`m {ZgJ©aå` {R>H$mUr Jocr hmoVr?
3) ZmaimÀ`m Pmdù`m§_YyZ H$moUmMo Xe©Z hmoVo?
4) _§{XamÀ`m ^ì`VoMr H$ënZm H$emdê$Z `oVo?
5) _wS>}ídaMm g_wÐ{H$Zmam H$gm Amho?
6) ñZohccm àmOº$mMr Ho$ìhm AmR>dU Amcr?
7) g_wÐ{H$Zmè`mda H$emMr XþH$mZo AmhoV?
Am) nÌmÀ`m AmYmao g_wwÐ{H$Zmè`mMo dU©Z H$a.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
51
B) g_wwÐ{H$Zmè`mMo g§wXa {MÌ aooImQ>.
B©) emiooÀ`m dm{f©H$ ñZoohg§_oocZmMo Am_§ÌU XooUmao nÌ Amnë`m chmZ
^mdmg / ~{hUrg {chr.
C) H$Zm©QH$ amÁ`mVrc {ZgJ©aå` Aem n`©QZ ñWim§Mr `mXr H$a.
({ejH$m§À`m ghmæ`mZo)
D$) OmooS>çm Owwid.
"A' "~'
1) KZXmQ> 1) Xar
2) C§M 2) PmS>r
3) Imoc 3) ~mJ
4) ~hacocr 4) Ka
5) JX© 5) O§Jc
6) H$m¡cmê$ 6) S>m|Ja
E) {ejH$m§À`m ghmæ`mZo nÌmMo doJdooJio _m`Zo g_OmdyZ KoD$Z {chr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
52
J_VrM§ nÌ
ho nÌ dmM Am{U nwÝhm {bhþZ H$mT>
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
53
nmR> 12
~mam _{hZoM¡Ì _{hZm ~hamMm
dmg Am§~o _mohmoamMmd¡emImV aUaU D$Z
AmJ ZwgVr MhÿH$Sy>Z
Ooð> AmfmT> OiYmamda gmogmQ>çmMm dmam
lmdU ^mXd Ýhmcoco{haì`m a§Jr ZQ>coco
AmpídZ H$m{V©H$ {ZVi {Zio{ndir Yå_H$ P|Sw> \$wco
nm¡f _mJ}ga PmS> PS>onmMmoù`mMo gS>o gS>o
_mK \$mëJwZ {ndio D$Zdg§V Mmhþc \$m§ÚmVyZ
Zd_mgm§Mr Zdr Vèhm
gOcoco _{hZo ~mam.
- g§H${cV
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
54
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©^mXd - ^mÐnX _{hZm _mJ}ga - _mJ©erf© _{hZmZd_mg - ZdrZ _{hZm
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.1) PmS>mZm Zì`m nmcdrMm ~ha H$moUË`m _{hÝ`mV `oVmo?2) g¥ï>r {haì`m a§JmV Ho$ìhm ZQ>cocr {XgVo?3) P|Sy>Mr \$wco H$er {XgVmV?4) PmS>m§Mr nmZo PSy> cmJVmV Voìhm H$moUVo _{hZo Amco Ago g_Omdo?
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao {chr.1) ^maVr` n§Mm§Jmà_mUo `oUmao ~mam _{hZo H«$_dma {chr.2) H${dVoVrc ~hamMm, _mohmoamMm, Ago Vmc gmYUmao eãX emoYyZ {chr.3) "{ndir Yå_H$' hm eãXà`moJ nhm. BVa a§Jm§er g§~§{YV Vwåhmcm _mhrVAgcoco Ago BVa eãXà`moJ {chr. (`mV _yi eãX "{ndim Yå_H$'Agm Amho)4) ~mam _{hÝ`m§Mr B§J«Or Zmdo H«$_dma {chr.
B) A{YH$ Aä`mgmgmR>r _m{hVr.
{hÝXÿ n§Mm§Jmà_mUo _{hZo d Ë`m _{hÝ`mV `oUmao F$Vy
M¡Ì - d¡emI dg§VOoð> - AmfmT> J«rî_lmdU - ^mÐnX dfm©AmpídZ - H$m{V©H$ eaX_mJ©erf© - nm¡f ho_§V_mK - \$mëJwZ {e{ea
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
55
B©) n§Mm§JmVrc ~mam _{hÝ`m§_Ü`o `ooUmè`m _hËdmÀ`m gUm§Mr `mXr {Xcr Amho. Vo gU H$moUË`m _{hÝ`mV `ooVmV Vo {ejH$mÀ`m _XVrZo [chr.
JwT>r nmS>dm ................ dQ>nm¡{U©_m ................
Aj` V¥Vr`m ............... JmoHw$i Aï>_r ................
_hm{edamÌ ................ JUoe MVwWu ................
hmoir nm¡{U©_m ................ Xgam ................
ZaH$ MVwX©er ................ _H$a g§H«$mV ................
C) H§$gmV {Xcoocm `mo½` eãX {ZdSy>Z Imcrc dmŠ`o nyyU© H$a.
1) EH$m dfm©_Ü`o .................. _{hZo AgVmV. (dmam/~mam)
2) P|Sy>À`m \$wcm§Mm .............. {ndim Yå_H$ hmoVm. (a§J / aJ)
3) 26 OmZodmar hm {Xdg AmnU àOmgÎmmH$ ............. åhUyZ gmOam H$aVmo. (XrZ / {XZ)
4) H$mnS> {dUÊ`mgmR>r .............. dmnaVmV. (gwV / gyV)
5) H$m_mÀ`m doir jUmMrhr ............. ZgVo. (dg§V / Cg§V)
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
56
D$) {MÌ Am{U _{hÝ`mÀ§`m Zmdm§Mr OmooS>r O_d.
A ~
1) M¡Ì -
2) d¡emI -
3) lmdU-^mÐnX -
4) _mJ©erf©-nm¡f -
5) _mK-\$mëJwZ -
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
57
nmR> 13
Iam Zm`H$nmÌ … eyÝ` Vo ZD$ n`ªVMo A§H$.
(a§J_§Mmda EH$M IwMu Am{U Ë`m IwMuda ~gÊ`mgmR>r gd© A§H$ AmnmngmV ^m§S>V AmhoV.)
eyÝ` … Aao, _r Amho åhUyZ Vwåhr _moR>onUm gm§JVm, nU Vwåhr cjmV ¿`m H$s m IwMuda ~gÊ`mMm _mZ \$º$ _mPmM Amho.
EH$ … E @ @ @ H$mhrVar ~mocy ZH$mog, _rM _moR>m Amho. `m IwMuda ~gÊ`mMm _mZ _mPm.
eyÝ` … Vmo H$gm H$m` ~wdm!
EH$ … ho ~K ì`mnmar n¡go _moOVm§Zm _cm cm^ åhUVmV.OJmV gy`© EH$, M§Ð EH$, n¥Ïdr, nmUr, hdm ho hr EH$M åhUyZ _r _moR>m.
XmoZ … Vg§ åhUmcmg Va _r VwÂ`mnojm _moR>m, H$maU àË`oH$mcm S>moio XmoZ, hmV XmoZ, ZmÊ`mcm ~mOy XmoZ Am{U _w»` åhUOo EH$mÀ`m XmoZ nQ> _r, åhUyZ _r `m IwMuda ~gUma.
VrZ … Ahmo gmho~! Vw_À`m nojm _r _moR>m.
XmoZ … Ahmo VrZ _moR>o H$go?
VrZ … Ë`mV H$m` EdT>§! _cm gm§J nigmcm nmZ§ {H$Vr?
XmoZ … VrZ!
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
58
VrZ … e§H$amÀ`m {ÌewimMr Q>moH§$ {H$Vr?
XmoZ … Am @ @ VrZ.
VrZ … e§H$amcm dmhVmV Ë`m ~ocmMr nmZ§ {H$Vr?
XmoZ … Vr hr VrZM.
VrZ … EH$ Am{U XmoZ {_i{dë`mda?
XmoZ … VrZ @ @
VrZ … _J H$moU _moR>m?
XmoZ … hmo` ~m~m, VyM _moR>m, Om ~¡g Ë`m IwMuda.
Mma … E Vy H$moU K_|SImoa? Vwcm OJ H$m` åhUV§`
_mhrV Amho H$m`?
VrZ … H$m`?
Mma … VrZ {VKmS>m Am{U H$m_ {~KmS>m. Aao _r VwÂ`mnojm _moR>m.
VrZ … Vo H$g§ H$m`?
Mma … _w»` {Xem Mma, Cn{Xem Mma, OJmcm kmZ {_idyZ XoUmao doX Vohr
Mma, Voìhm _r _moR>m åhUyZ Ë`m IwMuda _r ~gUma.
nmM … Vo H$Yrhr eŠ` Zmhr. H$maU _r nmM. VwÂ`mnojm _moR>m Amho.
Mma … Vmo H$gm H$m`?
nmM … EH$m hmVmcm ~moQ>§ {H$Vr?
Mma … nmM.
nmM … Amn, VoO, dm`y, n¥Ïdr Am{U Oc ho H$moU?
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
59
Mma … hr Va n§M _hm^yV§.
nmM … Vo AmhoV åhUyZ Amåhr gmao OJVmo Zm? _J _cm gm§J H$moU _moR>m?
Mma … ~amo~a Amho VwP§ åhUU§, VyM _moR>m. ~¡g ~m~m `m IwMuda.
ghm … Aao Ë`mM§ åhUU§ H$g§ ~amo~a? Ë`mÀ`mnojm _r loð> Amho.
nmM … E @ H$mhr Var ZH$mo ~mocyg.
ghm … H$mhr Var H$m`? _cm gm§J F$Vy {H$Vr?
nmM … ghm.
ghm …> ~amo~a! fQ²>H$moZmcm H$moZ ghm, Amnë`m AmhmamV nU fS²>ag AmhoV Vo ghm, _J _cm gm§J loð> H$moU? Vy H$m _r?
nmM … Z¸$sM Vy! ~¡g Ë`m IwMuda.
gmV … E ehmÊ`m ghm, _cm gm§J n¥Ïdrda I§S> {H$Vr?
ghm … gmV.
gmV … JmÊ`mVrc ñda?
ghm … Vo hr gmV!
gmV … AmR>dS>çmMo {Xdg {H$Vr?
ghm … Aao ho H$m`? Vo nU gmV.
gmV … Y«wd Vmè`mgmo~V {XgUmao F$fr {H$Vr?
ghm … Vo hr gmVM.
gmV … AmVm gm§J H$moU _moR>m? Vy H$m _r?
ghm … _mZc§ ~wdm Vwcm. Om OmD$Z ~¡g Ë`m IwMuda.
AmR> … gmV H$m _moR>m? _r AmR> Ë`mÀ`mnojm _moR>m.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
60
gmV … E H$emcm gm§JVmog Ag§?
AmR> … Va _J EoH$. {XH²$nmc AmR>, Aï>^wOmH¥$Vrcm ~mOy AmR>, {edmOr _hmamOm§Mo Aï>àYmZ _§{Ì_§S>i åhUOo AmR>, Ë`m{edm` VwÂ`mnojm EH$mZo _r OmñV Zmhr H$m?
ZD$ … Vg§ åhUmcmg Va VwÂ`mnojm _r _moR>m.
AmR> … _cm dmQ>c§M hmoV§, Vy nwT>o `oUma åhUyZ. H$maU åhUVmV Zm§, ""dmgamV c§JS>r Jm` ehmUr!''
ZD$ … Aao _mP§ EoH$. gm{hË`mV Zdag AmhoV. aËZmV ZdaËZo, ZdamÌmÀ`m CËgdmÀ`m amÌr nU ZD$ åhUyZ _r loð>.
EH$ Vo AmR> … ~amo~a Amho VwP§ åhUU§. Am_À`mV VyM _moR>m. ~¡g Vy Ë`m IwMuda.
eyÝ` … Wm§~m! nwÝhm EH$Xm gm§JVmo. gdm©V _rM loð> Amho.
ZD$ … ho _mÌ A{V Pmc§, Vwcm H$mhr qH$_V Zmhr. Vy \$$º$ OmJm AS>dm`cm Amhog! n[ajoV Hw$UmÀ`m nonada Amcmg Va VodT>§ Vwcm ^monim åhUVmV. Aao Jmoc Jmoc ^monù`m Om Om! (Ago åhUyZ gd©OU hgVmV)
eyÝ` … ~amo~a Amho VwP§ åhUU§. nU EH$mÀ`m nwT>rc ~mOyg _r ~gcmo Va EH$mMo Xhm hmoVmV. AmUIr Ë`m§À`m nwT>rc OmJoda nwÝhm EH$Xm ~gcmo Va e§^a hmoVmV. Am{U e§^a n¡H$s e§^a JwU {_imë`mg hrM _wco AmZ§XmZo ZmMVmV.
ZD$ … AaoÀ`m, ho Am_À`m cjmVM Zmhr Amc§!
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
61
eyÝ` … ZD$ XmXm, A§H$mV Vy _moR>m nU J{UVmà_mUo VwÂ`m mo½` ~mOycm _r
Amcmo Va VwPr qH$_V ZìdX hmoVo.
gd© A§H$ … ~amo~a, ~amo~a! VwÂ`m_wioM Am_Mr qH$_V dmT>Vo.
eyÝ` … Voìhm EH$M cjmV ¿`m. ^m§S>Um_wio H$mhrhr gmÜ` hmoV Zmhr. AmnU gmao EH$Ì amhÿ. EH$sVM ~i Amho.
ZD$ … VwPo åhUUo AJXr `mo½`. Amåhm gdm©V Vy chmZ nU ~wÕrZo _mÌ _hmZ Amhog. (eyÝ`mcm IwMuda ~gdV) åhUmao gmaoOU eyÝ`mMm {dO` Agmo.
gd© A§H$ … eyÝ`mMm {dO` Agmo @ eyÝ`mMm {dO` Agmo @@
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
^y_r - O_rZ. Zm`H$ - à_wI
nig - EH$ d¥j Aï>^wO - AmR> hmV Agcocm
n§M_hm^yVo - g¥ï>rMr nmM à_wI KQ>H$VËdo
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao {chr.
1) darc cKwZmQ>çmV {H$Vr nmÌm§Mm g_mdoe Amho?
2) A§H$m§Mr gwê$dmV H$moUmnmgyZ hmoVo?
3) OJmV H$moUH$moUË`m Jmoï>r EH$M AmhoV?
4) ~¡cJmS>rcm MmHo$ {H$Vr?
5) n§M_hm^yVm§Mr Zmdo {chr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
62
Am) H$moUr H$moUmg åhQ>co Vo {chr.
1) ""dmgam§V c§JS>r Jm` ehmUr''
2) ""VrZ {VKmS>m Am{U H$m_ {~KmS>m''
3) ""eyÝ`mMm {dO` Agmo.''
B) {déÕmWu eãX {chr.
1) ~gUo x 4) _moR>m x
2) Xod x 5) _mcH$ x
3) S>mdm x 6) Zm`H$ x
C) \$aH$ g_OyyZ Ko.
1) nya - nwa 3) J«h - J¥h
2) {XZ - XrZ 4) _Z - _U
D$) OmooS>çm Owwid.
"A' "~'
1) eyÝ` 1) hmVmMr ~moQ>o
2) EH$ 2) nigmMr nmZo
3) XmoZ 3) J«h
4) VrZ 4) F$fr
5) Mma 5) gy`©
6) nmM 6) Iam Zm`H$
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
63
7) ghm 7) gm{hË`mVrc ag
8) gmV 8) F$Vy
9) AmR> 9) {Xem
10) ZD$ 10) ZmÊ`mÀ`m ~mOy
H {ejH$m§À`m ghmæ`mZo gmooS>d.
1) gdm©V chmZ XmoZ A§H$s AmH$S>m {chr.
2) gdm©V _moR>m XmoZ A§H$s AmH$S>m {chr.
H {ejH$m§À`m ghmæ`mZo H$m`, {H$Vr, H$mooU, H$go, Hoo$ìhm ho eãX dmnê$Z
CXmhaUmà_mUo nmR>m~mhooarc eãXmgh dmŠ`o nyU© H$a.
1) J|S>çmcm qeJo {H$Vr? 6)
2) S>moio - 7)
3) 8)
4) 9)
5) 10)
H 1 hm AmH$S>m 25 `m AmH$S>çmn`ªV {H$Vr doim `ooVmo gm§J nmhÿ.
H àmÊ`m§À`m Zmdmdê$Z `ooUmè`m åhUr dmM d g_OyyZ Ko.
1) AS>cm Zmam`U JmT>dmMo nm` Yar.
2) åherMr qeJo åhercm OS> ZgVmV.
3) dmgamV c§JS>r Jm` ehmUr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
64
4) J§JoV KmoS>§ Ýhmc§.
5) Hw$Í`mMo eonyQ> ZirV KmVco Var dmH$S>o Vo dmH$S>oM.
6) _m§OamÀ`m Jù`mV K§Q>m Hw$Ur ~m§Ym`Mr.
H AmooiI nmhÿÿ.
1) Ë`mcm Amho \$ma qH$_V
nU Á`mcm cm^cm Vmo Xþ…Ir
AmoiIUma Zmhr Ë`mcm
{_ioc ^monim Z¸$s. .....................
2) gwnco H$mZ Im§~mgmaIo nm`
eonQ>r ~marH$ gm§Jm _r H$moU? .....................
3) n§I ZmhrV nU CS>o AmH$mer
eonyQ> hc{dVmo nU Zmhr àmUr, _r H$moU? .....................
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
65
nmR> 14
eoVH$ar JrV{~Jr{~Jr Mc OmD$ eoVmV{Xdg CJdcm` JJZmV &&Y¥&&
{_aJmMm nmD$g Amcm` a§_moË`m§Mo nrH$ AmVm {nH§$c§ a§OmD$`m g_Xo eoVmcmPn Pn cmJw`m noaUrcm &&1&&
dmè`mZ§ eoV H$g§ Sw>cV§` a§YaUrcm AmZ§X Pmcm` a§cB© cB© ^mV {nH$c§` a§gmoÝ`mM§ eoV OUy {XgV§` a§ &&2&&
g_Úm JS>çm§Zm KoD$ gmo~Vrcm{~Jr {~Jr Mcm OmD$ eoVmcmH$am ao KmB© H$mnUrMrH$ê$ V`mar _iUrMr &&3&&
T>dù`m ndù`m OmoSw>`m a§amV{XZ g_Xo Inw`m a§nmoVr YmÝ`mZ§ ^ê$`m a§KoD$Z Kam OmD$`m a§ &&4&&
- g§H${cV
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
66
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
{~Jr {~Jr - cdH$a, {_aJmMm - _¥J ZjÌmMm
g_Xo - gJio cB©cB© - Iyn Iyn
g_Úm - gJù`m JS>çm§Zm - H$m_H$è`m§Zm
Inw`m a§ - am~y`m ao
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao {chr.
1) H$moUVm nmD$g Amcm Amho?
2) noaUrcm H$go cmJm`Mo?
3) eoV H$emZ§ Sw>cVo Amho?
4) nmoVr H$emMr ^am`Mr AmhoV?
Am) c`~Õ eãX emoYyyZ {chr.
CXm. eoVmV - JJZmV.
eoVmcm ............. {nH$c§` ..............
H$mnUrMr .............. OmoSy>`m ...............
B) H${dVooÀ`m Amoir nyyU© H$a.
g_Úm JS>çm§Zm ........................
{~Jr {~Jr .............................
H$am ao .................................
H$ê$ ......................... _iUrMr
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
67
B©) hr amonoo H$moRoo AmT>iVmV (4) Aer IyyU H$a.
amon eoV \$i~mJ \$wc~mJ^mV noê$ Om|Yim Jwcm~ Am§~m S>o{c`m
C) `m AmH$mamMo _iUrMo {MÌ S´>m°°BªJ nona da H$mTy>y>Z `oWoo gocmo Q>oonZo {MH$Q>d.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
68
nmR> 15
gmhgr {earf{earf hm gmV dfmªMm N>moQ>mgm _wcJm. Ë`mÀ`m d{S>cm§Mo Zmd ^mñH$a
gmiJmdH$a hmoVo. {earf a§JmZo Jmoam d Vã`oVrZo JwQ>JwQ>rV hmoVm. qgYwXþJ© {OëømVrc d|Jwc} VmcwŠ`mVrc hmoS>mdmS>m `m IoS>çmVrc hm _wcJm.
{earfcm H$moH$UÀ`m {ZgJm©Mr AmdS> hmoVr. Vmo XþgarV {eH$V hmoVm. eoOmaÀ`m g§JrVmer Ë`mMr Iyn _¡Ìr hmoVr. ^mOr {dH$Umam ~mJdmZ, hm Ë`mMm AmdS>Vm IoihmoVm. {Za{Zamù`m PmS>m§À`m nmZm§Mr ^mOr, N>moQ>o ~Q>mQ>o, _wio, H$mH$S>r `m§Zm \$io, d N>moQ>o XJS> d ~r`m åhUOo n¡go, Ago g_OyZ Vo Ioi Ioim`Mo. EH$ OmS> H$mR>r KoD$Z {VÀ`m XmoÝhr Q>moH$m§Zm Xmoam ~m§Ym`Mo. Ë`mImcr H$mS>rnoQ>rÀ`m [aH$må`m noQ>çm ~m§YyZ VamOy V`ma H$am`Mo. Agm Ioi IoiÊ`mV X§J Agm`Mo. H$Yr g§JrVm mOr {dH$Umar ìhm`Mr Am{U {earf IaoXr H$aUmam, Va H$Yr {earf ~mJdmZ ìhm`Mm.
a{ddma 29 Am°JñQ> 1982 `m {Xder emiocm gwÅ>r hmoVr. gH$mir gmS>o ZD$Mr doi. Kam~mhoaÀ`m añË`mda {earf d g§JrVm IoiV hmoVr. nmD$g nSy>Z Jocm hmoVm. gJirH$S>o IS²>S>çmIS²>S>çmVyZ nmUr gmMcoco, Am{U {MIc Pmcm hmoVm. nmdgmMr CKS>rn nmhÿZ XmoKohr AmB©Mr ZOa MwH$dyZ KamnmgyZ WmoS>rer Xÿa Jocr. gwÅ>r Agë`m_wio Amncm AmdS>Vm Ioi Ioim`Mo Ë`m§Zr R>a{dco.
^mOr åhUyZ doJdoJù`m PmS>m§Mr nmZo O_{dÊ`mÀ`m ZmXmV XmoKohr KamnmgyZ WmoS>rer Xÿa Jocr. g§JrVm EH$m {Xeocm d {earf EH$m {Xeocm nmZo Jmoim H$aÊ`mV J§wJ Pmco. Odinmg H$moUrhr ZìhVo.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
69
g§JrVm EH$m {T>Jmè`mda nm` R>odyZ hmV C§M H$ê$Z PmS>mMr nmZo VmoS>Ê`mMm à`ËZ H$ê$ cmJcr. Vmo {T>Jmam nmcmnmMmoim d eoUmMm hmoVm. Vo {Vcm H$icoM Zmhr. {T>Jmè`mImcr JQ>ma hmoVo. Ë`meoUH$Mè`mÀ`m {T>Jmè`mdê$Z g§JrVm Imcr CVê$ eH$crM Zmhr. Vr Ë`m JQ>mamV Imcr nS>cr d OmoamV AmoaSy> cmJcr.
g§JrVm Odi {XgV Zmhr d qH$H$mir Va EoHy$`oVo ho nmhÿZ {earf {Vcm emoYÊ`mgmR>r YmdVM Ë`m {T>Jmè`mH$S>o Jocm. eoUmZo ^acoë`m Ë`m {T>Jmè`mV g§JrVmMo XmoZ hmV VodT>oM da {Xgco. ~mH$s eara Imcr JS>n. {earf {VÀ`m AJXr Odi Jocm. na§Vw H$m` H$amdo ho Ë`mcm gwMoZm.
Vmon`ªV g§JrVm JQ>mamÀ`m AmV OmD$ cmJcr. {earfcm ^`§H$a AnKmVmMr H$ënZm Amcr. JQ>ma _moR>o hmoVo. nmM ghm \$w$Q>m§Mr Vr Ma hmoVr. {edm` nmdgmMo nmUr d eoU_mVr m_wio nyU© acocr. eoU _mVr Hw$Oë`mZo Ë`mVrc Xÿ{fV hdo_wio g§JrVmcm AmoaS>Uohr AeŠ` Pmco. Vr JQ>mam~mhoa `oÊ`mgmR>r OgOer YS>nS>V hmoVr, VgVer Vr AmUIr AmV OmD$ cmJcr. {VMm hmV VodT>m da {XgV hmoVm. ~mH$s gd© ^mJ JQ>mamV Jocm hmoVm.
{Vcm da H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r H$m` H$amdo, ho {earfcm H$ioZm. g§JrVmÀ`m Ordmcm YmoH$m Amho EdT>oM Ë`mcm OmUdV hmoVo. {earfZo niV OmD$Z ~mOycm nS>cocm EH$ _moR>m ~m§~y AmUcm d Ë`mZo g§JrVmÀ`m hmVmOdi ~m§~y Zocm d {Vcm nH$S>m`cm gm§{JVco. g§JrVm {e[afnojm chmZ hmoVr. Ë`m_wio dOZ WmoS>o H$_r hmoVo. Ë`mZo gd© eº$s nUmcm cmdyZ {Vcm da IoMÊ`mg gwédmV Ho$cr.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
70
{earfÀ`m à`ËZmZo g§JrVm H$_aonojm da Amcr. YmoH$m Q>icm hmoVm. {Vcm ídmg KoVm `oD$ cmJcm nU nwT>o da IoMUo \$ma H$R>rU OmD$ cmJco. Ë`m_wio {earfZo AmoaSy>Z cmoH$m§Zm ~mocdm`cm gwédmV Ho$cr. Ë`mMm AmaS>m-AmoaS>m EoHy$Z cmoH$ YmdyZ Amco. Vmo n`ªV {earfZo g§JrVmMo XmoÝhr hmV Yê$Z R>odco Am{U Vmo {Vcm IoMy cmJcm. g§JrVmcm {earfZo Odi Odi da IoMco.
{earfÀ`m àg§JmdYmZmZo d Ë`mÀ`m nQ>H$Z {ZU©` KoÊ`mÀ`m eº$s_wio g§JrVmMo àmU dmMco. Ë`mÀ`m m ~hmÔþarMo Ë`mÀ`m emioVrc {ejH$m§Zm \$ma H$m¡VwH$ dmQ>co. {earfcm Ë`mÀ`m `m YmS>gm~Ôc amï´>r` nwañH$ma XoÊ`mV Amcm. "dra ~mcH$' åhUyZ gaH$maZo Ë`mMm gËH$ma Ho$cm.
ñdmÜ`m`H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
JwQ>JwQ>rV - Jm|S>g, ~migoXma, J§wJ - JH©$, Y§wX, V„rZ hmoUo ~mJdmZ - _mir, ~JrÀ`mMr XoI^mc H$aUmam ^mOr {dH$Umam Agmhr EH$ AW© Amho, nwañH$ma - ~jrg, nUmcm cmdUo - eWuZo à`ËZ H$aUo
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr EH$m dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.1) {earf H$moR>o ahmV hmoVm?2) {earfÀ`m d{S>cm§Mo Zmd H$m`?3) {earf Am{U g§JrVm H$moUVm Ioi IoiV AgV?4) Vr XmoKo H$emgmR>r Kam~mhoa Jocr hmoVr?5) gaH$maZo {earfMm H$gm Jm¡ad Ho$cm?6) gaH$maZo {earfMm Jm¡ad H$m Ho$bm?
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
71
Am) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao VrZ-Mma dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) {earf d g§JrVm ho IoimgmR>r H$moUVo gm{hË` dmnaV AgV?
2) IoimMo gm{hË` O_{dÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zr H$m` Ho$co?
3) g§JrVm H$moUË`m AS>MUrV gmnS>cr?
4) g§JrVmcm dmM{dÊ`mgmR>r {earfZo H$m` Ho$co?
5) g§JrVmcm da IoMÊ`mV {earfcm H$moUVr AS>MU Amcr?
B) Va H$m` Pmco AgVo gm§JJ.
1) {earf d g§JrVm IoiÊ`mgmR>r Kam~mhoa nS>cr ZgVr Va .............
2) g§JrVm g§H$Q>mV AgVmZm VoWo {earf Odi ZgVm Va ...........
3) {earfÀ`m {R>H$mUr "Vy' AgVmg Va ...................
B©) Z_wwÝ`mà_mUo eãXm§Mr A§Vmjar V`ma H$a.
CXm.
{nedr, dra, aMZm, Zm_Xma, aËZmH$a, aKwZmW, Wdm, dm_Z, Z_©Xm.
{n e dra M Zm
_Xma ËZm H$ a
KwZmW dm
_Z _© Xm
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
72
gw _ Z1)
Q>rn … Aem arVrZo _wcm§À`mH$Sy>Z A§Vmjar V`ma H$ê$ ¿`m.
* JmÊ`m§Mr, JmdmÀ`m Zmdm§Mr, _wcm _wctÀ`m ZmdmMr A§Vmjar IoiÊ`mg _wcm§Zm
àmoËgmhZ Úm.
Vmam
Z_«Vm
R>H$goZ
_YwH$a
am_
ZrcH§$R>
Z{cZr
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
73
nmR> 16
_mPo Jmd_mÂ`m JmdmÀ`m nyd}cm
C^m XodmMm S>m|Ja
gmè`m JmdmMm AmOmo~m
Ë`mMr _m`m Jmdmda
CÎmaocm dmhVgo
_mPr ZXr _m`m~mB©
~haco eoV _io
gmdcrcm Am_amB©
npíM_ocm _mPo Ka
Ë`mV ~m~m AmB© VmB©
nagmV nm[aOmV
A§JUmV OmB©-OwB©
X{jUocm _mPr emim
åhUo `o ao `o ao ~mim
{eH$m _Z cmdw{Z`m
gm`§H$mir Iyn Ioim.
- Hw$gww_mJ«O
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
74
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
Am_amB© - Am§ã`mMr ~mJ _m`m - ào_
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) JmdmÀ`m nyd}cm H$m` Amho?2) ZXr H$moUË`m {Xeocm dmhVo?3) eoV_io H$moR>o ~haco AmhoV?4) KamV H$moU-H$moU amhVmV Ago H$dr åhUVmo?5) Ho$ìhm Ioimdo Ago H$drZo gwM{dco Amho?6) H${dVoVrb AmOmo~m H$moU?
Am) Imcrc àíZm§MMr CÎmao 2-3 dmŠ`mV {chr.
1) Jmdmda H$moUmMr _m`m Amho Ago H$dr åhUVmo?2) JmdmÀ`m CÎmaoH$S>rc n[agamMo dU©Z H$go Ho$co Amho?3) KaÀ`m n[agamV H$moUH$moUVr PmS>o AmhoV?4) JmdmVrc ~mcH$m§Zm H$drZo H$moUVm g§Xoe {Xcm Amho?
B) g_mZmWu eãX {chr.
Xod = ............... AmB© = ...............ZXr = ............... \$yc = ...............Ka = ...............
B©) OmooS>çm Owwid.
A ~1) nyd}cm A) ZXr2) npíM_ocm ~) _mPr emim3) CÎmaocm H$) XodmMm S>m|Ja4) X{jUocm S>) _mPo Ka
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
75
C) {ejH$m§À`m _XVrZo emiooÀ`m n[agamMm AmamIS>m V`ma H$a.
(gyMZm - ZH$mem_Ü`o \$º$ Jëë`m d gmd©O{ZH$ {R>H$mUo XmId.)
CÎma
npíM_ nyd©
X{jU
D$) Vw_À`m JmdmÀ`m n[agamVrc EImXo {ZgJ© {MÌ ñdV§Ì S´>m°BªJ noonada H$mT>, a§Jd Am{U goocmo Q>oonZo {MH$Q>d.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
76
nmR> 17
eHw$Z AneHw$Zam_yH$mH$m d {XZyH$mH$m chmZnUmnmgyZMo {_Ì. Ë`m§Mr Kaohr eoOmar eoOmar.
XmoKohr eoVmV H$m_ H$arV AgV. {XZyH$mH$m§Zm àmUr-njr m§Mr Iyn AmdS>. Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m Kar Hw$Ìm, _m§Oa, nmonQ> Ago nmird àmUr, njr nmico hmoVo. am_yH$mH$m§Mm eHw$Z AneHw$Zmda Xm§S>Jm {dídmg hmoVm. EHo$ {Xder nhmQ>o eoVmH$S>o OmÊ`mgmR>r Xma CKS>VmM Ë`m§À`m g_moê$Z {XZyH$mH$m§Zr nmicoco _m§Oa AmS>do Joco. COmS>VmM _m§Oa AmS>do Joco, AmOMm {Xdg H$gm OmB©c `mMm {dMma H$arVM Vo eoVmH$S>o Om`cm ~mhoa nS>co. moJm`moJmZo Ë`m {Xder Ë`m§À`m Kar H$moUrM Zgë`mZo waQ>çm MmoamZo Zo_H$s hr Jmoï hoacr d KamVrc ~è`mM dñVy ni{dë`m.
am_yH$mH$m eoVmH$Sy>Z Kar `oD$Z nmhVmV Va H$m`! KamVrc ~è`mM dñVy Mmoarcm Jocoë`m. CR>ë`m~amo~a _m§Oa AmS>do Joco Ë`mMmM hm n[aUm_, Agm {dMma H$arV Ë`m§Zr _m§Oamcm Iyn {eì`m KmVë`m. amJmamJmZo `m Jmoï>rMm Om~ {dMmaÊ`mgmR>r am_yH$mH$m {XZyH$mH$m§À`m Kar {ZKmco.nmdgmù`m_wio XmamV Iyn {ZgaS> Pmcr hmoVr. JS>~S>rV Agë`mZo Vo nm` Kgê$Z nS>co d Ë`m§Zm ~amM _ma cmJcm.
g§Ü`mH$mir {XZyH$mH$m§Zm am_yH$mH$m nS>ë`mMo g_Oco. Am{U am_y H$mH$m§À`m _ZmVrc Amnë`m _m§Oam~ÔcMo {dMmahr g_Oco Voìhm Iwemcr {dMmaÊ`mgmR>r Vo
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
77
am_yH$mH$m§À`m Kar Joco AgVm {XZyH$mH$m åhUmco, ""am_y, AmOMm {Xdg Iyn dmB©Q> hmoVm ao!'' {H$Ë`oH$ {Xdgm§nmgyZ _mÂ`m Kar AgUmao d dmQ>oc {VWo qhS>Umao _mPo cmS>Ho$ _m§Oa AmO AH$ñ_mV EH$m _moQ>a H$maImcr oD$Z _oco ~K! AmO {~Mmè`mZo CR>ë`m ~amo~a H$moUmMo Vm|S> nm{hco hmoVo H$moU OmUo?''
Ë`m _m§OamZo nhmQ>o nhmQ>o AmncoM Vm|S> nm{hco hmoVo ho cjmV oD$Z am_yH$mH$m amJmZo cmc Pmco. ho {XZyH$mH$m§À`m cjmV Amco d Vo am_yH$mH$m§Zm g_OmdUrÀ`m gwamV åhUmco. ""am_y, Aao gH$mir Vy KamMm XadmOm cmdyZ ¿`m`cm {dgacmg åhUyZ MmoamZo hr g§Yr gmYyZ Mmoar Ho$cr. Ë`mV {~Mmè`m _m§OamMr H$m` MyH$? {edm` nmdgmù`m_wio XmamV Iyn {ZgaS> Pmcr hmoVr Am{U Vy JS>~S>rV Agë`mZo nm` Kgê$Z nS>cmg. Ë`mcm gH$mir AmS>do Jococo _m§Oa H$go O~m~Xma Agoc?''
åhUyZ gm§JVmo eHw$Z-AneHw$Z hr {Zìdi A§YlÕm Amho. Ë`mda {dídmg R>ody Z`o. AmnU d¡km{ZH$ Ñ{ï>H$moZ Omonmgmdm.
{XZyH$mH$m§Mo ho {dMma am_yH$mH$m§Zm nQ>co. {XZyH$mH$m g_mYmZmZo {ZKyZ Joco.
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©
Xm§S>Jm - ÑT>, _moR>m ^waQ>m Mmoa - N>moQ>çm N>moQ>çm Mmoè`m H$aUmam
hoaUo - ~maH$mB©Zo nmhUo
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr EH$m dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.
1) am_yH$mH$m§À`m {_ÌmMo Zmd H$m`?
2) am_yH$mH$m§Mm H$emda {dídmg hmoVm?
3) _m§Oa Hw$UmÀ`m AmS>do Joco?
4) {XZyH$mH$m§Mo _m§Oa H$go _aU nmdco?
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
78
Am) Imcrc àíZm§MMr 2-3 dmŠ`mV CÎmao {chr.1) {XZyH$mH$m§Zr H$moUVo nmird àmUr nmico hmoVo?2) am_yH$mH$m§Zm _ma H$m cmJcm?3) {XZyH$mH$m§Zr am_yH$mH$mcm H$m` g_OmdyZ gm§{JVco?4) {XZyH$mH$m§Mm ñd^md H$gm hmoVm?5) eHw$Z AneHw$Z åhUOo H$m`?
B) [aH$må`m OmJr `mo½` eãX ^a.1) XmoKohr ................... H$m_ H$arV hmoVo.2) am_yH$mH$m ................... cmdyZ ¿`m`cm {dgaco.3) ................ AmS>do Joco Ë`mMmM hm n[aUm_.4) AmnU ........... Ñ{ï>H$moZ Omonmgmdm.
B©) Va H$m` Pmco AgVo Vo {chr.1) am_yH$mH$mZo KamMm XadmOm cmdyZ KoVcm AgVm Va ...............2) _m§Oa am_yH$mH$m§À`m AmS>do Joco ZgVo Va ..............3) am_yH$mH$m JS>~S>rV Mmcco ZgVo Va ................4) VwÂ`m g_moê$Z _m§Oa AmS>do Joco Va ...............
C) O§Jcr àmUr d nmird àmUr `m§MMr `mXr H$a.(dmK, Hww$Ìm, Añdc, eooir, ~¡c, _m§Oa, qgh, hÎmr, Jm`, H$mooëhm)
nmird àmUr O§Jcr àmUr
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
79
D$) H§$gmV {Xcooë`m eãXm§À`m ghmæ`mZo Imcrc dmŠ`o nyyU© H$a.
(ni{dUo, AmdS>Uo, nS>Uo, OmoonmgUo, {dgaUo)o
1) {XZyH$mH$m§Zm àmUr njr `m§Mr .................
2) am_yH$mH$m XadmOm cmdyZ ¿`m`cm ...............
3) Zoh_r d¡km{ZH$ Ñ{ï>H$moZ ...................
4) MmoamZo qH$_Vr dñVy ....................
5) am_yH$mH$m nm` Kgê$Z ......................
E) {déÕmWu eãX {chr.
{Xdg x............. àH$me x.............
gH$mi x............. chmZ x.............
AmdS>Vm x............. O` x.............
eHw$Z x............. gai x.............
Eo) g_mZmWu eãXm§À`m OmooS>çm Owid.
A ~
1) gy`© 1) YaVr
2) nmUr 2) g[aVm
3) {_Ì 3) Oc
4) n¥Ïdr 4) ^mñH$a
5) ZXr 5) gIm
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
80
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
81
nmR> 18
g§VdmUrÁ`mZo Ho$cm CnH$ma &
Ë`mgr Zgmdo {Zðw>a &&
Á`mZo {Xco AÞ &
Ë`mMo _moSy> Z`o _Z &&
Á`mZo amIr`ocm Ord &
H$m_m Z`o AÝ` ^md &&
Amcm {Zdm©Ur Omo H$m_m &
^§Jy Z`o Ë`mÀ`m ào_m &&
VwH$m åhUo AmVm &
H$Yr hoiy Z`o _mVm&&
- g§V VwwH$mam_
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
82
ñdmÜ`m`
H ZdrZ eãXm§Mo AW©{Zðw>a - H$R>moa, H$S>H$ {Zdm©Ur - H$R>rU àg§Jrhoiy Z`o - {VañH$ma H$éZ`o ^§Jy Z`o - {dgê$ Z`o
A) Imcrc àíZm§Mr CÎmao EH$m dmŠ`mV {chr.1) H$moUmer {Zðw>anUo dmJy Z`o?2) Á`mZo AÞ {Xco Ë`mMo H$m` _moSy> Z`o?3) H$moUmcm {dgê$ Z`o?4) H$moUmcm {Y¸$mê$ Z`o?
Am) dmM Am{U {chr.1) Á`mZo Ho$cm CnH$ma ........................................ Ë`mgr Zgmdo {Zðw>a ........................................2) Á`mZo amIr`ocm Ord ........................................ H$m_m Z`o AÝ` ^md ........................................3) VwH$m åhUo AmVm ........................................ H$Yr hoiy Z`o _mVm ........................................
B) CXmhaUmà_mUo H${dVooVrc ZmX_` eãX emoY d {chr.CXm. CnH$ma - {Zðw>w>a1) .............. ..............2) .............. ..............3) .............. ..............4) .............. ..............5) .............. ..............
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
83
B©) {Xcoë`m Ajam§À`m ghmæ`mZo `mo½` eãX H$a d eãXm§À`m ghmæ`mZo [aH$må`m
OmJm ^a. `m gmR>r Imcr H§$gmV {Xcoco eãX Vwwcm _XV H$aVrc.
d¥jmMo _ ............... H$m` dUm©do? Amnë`m mo....................~hþVoH$
gm¡.......................... {haì`mJma Pm.......... {Xco Amho. H$ënZm
H$am g............ PmS>o `m n¥........... H$mTy>Z Q>mH$cr Va n¥........{H$Vr
^............Am{U Hw$ê$n {Xgoc. Amnë`m Or................ àË`oH$ emIm
Pm..........Zr ì`mncr Amho. eoVrMr A...................... PmS>oM
XoVmV. PmS>mnmgyZM a§....... V`ma H$aVmV. PmS>m _wioM nm........ nS>Vmo.
dmVmdaU ew......... hmoVo, åhUyZ Amnë`m OrdZmV Pm............. \$ma
_hËd Amho. (PmS>m§Zm, nmD$g, Amnë`mcm, cmH$S>mnmgyZ, OrdZmMr, n¥Ïdr,
gJir, gm¢X`©, _hËd, ^modVmcMo, PmS>m§Zr, n¥Ïdrdê$Z, ^H$mg, AdOmao,
ImÚnXmW©, a§J, ewÕ)
C) dmM d \$aH$ g_OyyZ Ko.
1) Am§ã`mMr - Am_amB© 5) mVmMo - eoV
2) Ho$irMr - ~mJ 6) doiyMo - ~Z
3) ÐmjmMm - _im 7) JdVmMo - amZ
4) H$ad§XmMr - Omir 8) \w$cm§Mm - ~JrMm
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
84
D$) _mgo nH$S>m Am{U Ë`mda {c{hcooë`m eãXm§À`m ghmæ`mZo [aH$må`m OmJr `mo½` eãX {chr.
1) Xm{JZo KS>{dVmo Vmo .....................2) Mßnc {edVmo Vmo ........................3) EoaUrda KU _maVmo Vmo ....................4) H$nS>o {edVmo Vmo ....................5) amoO ~mJocm nmUr KmcVmo Vmo ....................6) MaH$mda ~gyZ Voc JmiVmo Vmo ....................7) nyOm gm§JVmo Vmo ....................8) XþH$mZmVcm _mc {dH$Vmo Vmo ....................9) _wcm§Zm {eH${dVmo Vmo ....................10)H$mnS> {dUVmo Vmo ....................
E) ì`dgm`mdê$Z `ooUmè`m åhUr dmM d g_OyyZ Ko.
1) Jd`mM§ nmoa gwamVM aS>m`M§.2) JaO gamo {Z d¡Ú _amo.3) gmoZmamZoM H$mZ Q>moMmdoV.4) H$gm`mcm Jm` Ym{O©Ur.
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
85
eãX g§J«h A
A{hë`m
AË`§V
AZm`mgo
AS>mUr
Aà{V_
AcremZ
Aï>^wOm
Aï>àYmZ
AH$ñ_mV
Am
AmXë`m
Aml_
AmKmV
AmH«$_H$
Am_amB©
Am°{\$g
B©
B©ída
C
Cn`wº$
CÞV
C{H$S>do
E
EH$
Eo
Eo{Vhm{gH$
Amo
Amoìha
A§
A§YlÕm
Am§ã`mMr
H$
H¡$ar
H$cmHw$ga
H$m|S>r
H°$M
I
I{M©H$
Iny`m
I§XH$
J
J{hdaUo
JX©
{JèhmB©H$
JwQ>JwQ>rV
Jmonwao
J¥hñW
K
KZXmQ
M
{M¸$ma
MoOg©
N>
N>iUo
O
OZOmJaU
Oc{dhma
OmonmgUo
P
Pmdir
V
VmoaU
V§w~Uo
V§XþéñV
ËdMm
{Ìeyc
X
{XdmUImZm
{X_mI
{XH²$nmc
XodnyOm
Xm§S>Jm
Ñ{ï>H$moZ
Z
Z`Z_Zmoha
Zd_mg
Zdag
ZdamÌ
Zm`H$
{Z`moOZ
{ZgJ©aå`
{ZVi
{Zð>wa
{Zdm©Ur
n
nar
nÝho
namonH$ma
n`©Q>Z
nig
nUmcm
nagmV
nm[aOmV
nwamVZ
nwîn
nwañH$ma
nmoH$ir
nm¡am{UH$
n§M_hm^yVo
àdoeÛma
àXÿfU
à{Vq~~
àXoe
àg§JmdYmZ
àmOº$m
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed
86
~
~ñVr
~Mmd
~ha
~hmÔþar
~mJdmZ
{~Jr{~Jr
~oewÕ
^
^aOar
^mXd
^wB©H$moQ>
^y_r
^waQ>m
^oinwar
^§JUo
_
_c_nÅ>r
_ÀN>r_ma
_mJ}ga
_mWm
{_aJ
_w[íH$c
_moH$m
`
`Wmo{MV
a
aZg©
aËZ
am̧{Xdg
c
cB©
cmB©\$ OmHo$Q>
cmoH$_mÝ`
cm±M
d
daXmZ
dZ_hmoËgd
dZamB©
dm°Q>a~°J
{dlm_J¥h
{dHo$Q>
do{Mco
d¡km{ZH$
ì`dñWmnH$
e
eVa§J
emZ
{eënH$cm
g
g_wÐg¡a
gËH$ma
gm{ÞÜ`
gmhgr
qghmgZ
g§Kf©
ñdÀN>
ñd¡a
g¥ï>r
h
hihi
hoaUo
hoiy Z`o
qh_V
h°Q>
©KTBS
Not to
be re
publi
shed