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Accession number:20181905139024Title:Non-isothermal Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Emulsion Explosive Matrix Prepared by the New Type of Complex Oil PhaseAuthors:Zhu, Shuai (1); Liu, Feng (1); Wang, Meng (1); Guo, Zi-Ru (1); He, Zhi-Wei (1); Cheng, Yang-Fan (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan; Anhui; 232001, China Corresponding author:Liu, Feng([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:47-52Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:In order to grasp the thermal decomposition characteristics of emulsion explosives prepared by the new complex oil phase, the non-isothermal thermal decomposition process of emulsion explosive matrix was tested by TG-DTG technology in nitrogen atmosphere.The corresponding kinetic parameters such as activation energy(E) and pre-exponenitial factor(A) were obtained according to the Kissinger and Ozawa methods.The thermal decomposition mechanism of the emulsion explosive matrix was predicted by the model fitting method, and was further verified by the model-free method.The results show that the average activation energy E and pre-exponenitial factor lg(A/s-1) are about 142.12kJ/mol and 13.26 respectively in the conversion rate range of 15%-95%.The thermal stability of emulsion explosive matrix prepared by new complex oil phase is better than that of the matrix prepared by complex wax.The thermal decomposition reaction mechanism follows the three dimensional (3D) diffusion control mechanism(n=2). © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:15Main heading:DecompositionControlled terms:Activation energy - Emulsification - Emulsions - Explosives - Isotherms - Physical chemistry - Reaction kinetics - Thermodynamic stability - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Decomposition characteristics - Emulsion explosives - Nonisothermal - Oil phase - TG-DTG - Thermal decomposition mechanism - Thermal decomposition process - Thermal decomposition reactionClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally

Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.50e+01% to 9.50e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.008

Database:CompendexCompilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

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Accession number:20181905139047Title:Synthesis and Theoretical Calculation of 3, 4-Bis(5H-1-tetrazolyl)furazanAuthors:Wan, Xin-Jun (1) Author affiliation:(1) College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, Chaohu; Anhui; 238000, China Corresponding author:Wan, Xin-Jun([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:60-64Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:3-Nitro-4-(5H-1-tetrazolyl)- furazan(compound 1) was synthesized with 3-amino-4-nitrofurazan(ANF) as raw material reacted with triethyl orthoformate and sodium azide, then compound 1 reacted with ammonia spirit via amination at a low temperature to get 3-amino-4-(5H-1-tetrazolyl)furazan (compound 2), finally, 3, 4-bis(5H-1-tetrazolyl)furazan (compound 3) was obtained by the reaction of compound 2 with triethyl orthoformate and sodium azide. The structures of the three compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The standard enthalpy of formation, theoretical density, detonation velocity and detonation pressure of compounds 1-3 were predicted by density functional theory B3LYP/6-311+G** method. The results show that by controlling the reaction conditions, the optimal conditions for preparing compound 2 are determined as: reaction time 3h, molar ratio of compound 1 and ammonia 1∶2, reaction temperature -10℃. The total yield of compound 2 is 70%. Compounds 1-3 have higher positive enthalpy of formation because of the introduction of tetrazole ring. In which, compound 3 has the highest enthalpy of formation, reaching 1090.07kJ/mol. Compound 1 has equal detonation velocity and detonation pressure as RDX. Compounds 1-3 have better detonation properties than TNT except compound 2 has a lower density. Comprehensively compared with compounds 2 and 3, the performance of compound 1 is the best, with density of 1.76g/cm3, detonation velocity 8590m/s and detonation pressure 32.3GPa.

© 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Amination - Amines - Ammonia - Density functional theory - Enthalpy - Sodium Azide - TemperatureUncontrolled terms:Detonation properties - Enthalpy of formation - Furazan - Organic Chemistry - Reaction temperature - Standard enthalpy of formation - Theoretical calculations - Triethyl orthoformateClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 922.1 Probability TheoryNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.76e+03kg/m3, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Pressure 3.23e+10Pa, Time 1.08e+04s, Velocity 8.59e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.011


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Accession number:20181204915696Title:Fabrication of Ultrafine CL-20-based Composite Energetic Microspheres by Electrostatic Spray Method and Study on the PerformanceAuthors:Huang, Rong-Hui (1, 2); Yan, Shi (1); Wang, Xian-Feng (2); Yang, Xiao-Feng (2); Zhang, Yan-Liang (2); Yang, Jing (2) Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Insitute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Special Energy Group, Jindong Co., LTD, Yangquan; Shanxi; 045000, China Corresponding author:Yan, Shi([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:49-54Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To make the CL-20 spherical and reduce its reaction activation energy, the ultrafine NC/CL-20 composite energetic microspheres were successfully fabricated by an electrostatic spray method. By controlling the conditions of electrostatic spray experiment and precursor solution parameters, 1-3μm narrow size distributed composite microsphere particles with

complete spherical degree were obtained. The effect of CL-20 content on the particle size of microspheres was studied. The study on infrared spectrum analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thermal decomposition reaction kinetics for composite microspheres was performed. The results show that CL-20 and NC in the composite microspheres are only physical composites. Raw material CL-20 is Ε crystal form, but CL-20 in the composite microspheres prepared by electrostatic spray is β crystal form. Exothermic peak temperatures of several composite microspheres are lower than that of the raw material CL-20. Compared with raw material CL-20, the activation energy for the decomposition reaction of NC/CL-20 composite microspheres decreases by 28.47kJ/mol. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:14Main heading:MicrospheresControlled terms:Activation energy - Decomposition - Electrostatics - Explosives - Fabrication - Particle size - Reaction kinetics - Spectrum analysis - Thermodynamic stability - X ray diffraction analysisUncontrolled terms:Composite microspheres - Decomposition reaction - Electrostatic spray - Exothermic peak temperature - High-energy explosives - Infrared spectrum - Precursor solutions - Thermal decomposition reactionClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.2 Chemical ReactionsNumerical data indexing:Size 1.00e-06m to 3.00e-06mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.008


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Accession number:20181905139026Title:Polydopamine Coated on Aluminum Powders and Its Disperse Stability in HTPBAuthors:Xiao, Chun (1); Zhu, Qing (1); Xie, Xiao (1); Luo, Guan (1); Li, Shang-Bin (1) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621999, China Corresponding author:Zhu, Qing([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:60-63 and 76Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Al@PDA composite particles were prepared via. coating aluminum powder surface by polydopamine (PDA) using the in-situ polymerization method of dopamine(DA). The surface morphology of Al@PDA at different concentrations of dopamine (DA) was characterized by SEM. The crystal type of Al powder before and after coating was tested by XRD. The surface element composition of Al@PDA was analyzed by XPS. The disperse stability of Al powder and Al@PDA in HTPB was investigated by sedimentation method. The dispersion of solid particles in HTPB was observed by preparing curing adhesive and sliced sheet sampling. The results show that when the mass concentration of DA is 3.5g/L, the coating effect to aluminum powder is the best, and a firm PDA thin film was formed on the surface of aluminum powders. The crystal type of Al powder before and after coating does not change.The presence of PDA coating layer is demostrated by the components of C-OH, C=O and π-π conjugated structure on the surface of Al@PDA detected by XPS. After settling for 24h, the stratification is observed in Al-HTPB system, while the Al@PDA-HTPB system still has homogeneous color, showing that the disperse stability of Al@PDA in HTPB is obviously better than raw material aluminum powder. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:Aluminum coatingsControlled terms:Amines - Crystal structure - Neurophysiology - Organic polymers - Personal digital assistants - Powders - Stability - X ray photoelectron spectroscopyUncontrolled terms:Aluminized explosives - Aluminum powders - Composite particles - Conjugated structures - HTPB - In-situ polymerization - Mass concentration - PolydopamineClassification code:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 813.2 Coating Materials - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 933.1.1 Crystal LatticeNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.50e+00kg/m3, Time 8.64e+04sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.010


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Accession number:20181905139062Title:Effect of Surfactant on Properties of HMX-based PBXAuthors:Hou, Cong-Hua (1); Liu, Zhi-Qiang (1); Jia, Xin-Lei (1); Zhang, Yuan-Ping (1); Zhang, Shi-Min (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017

Publication year:2017Pages:56-59 and 68Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:HMX-based PBXs were prepared by solution-water suspension method using F<inf>2602</inf> as binder and Span-80, Tween-80, PVA and dextrine as surfactants. The characterization and thermal analysis of HMX-based PBXs were performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and their impact sensitivities were tested. Results show that the crystal structure of HMX after coating with surfactants does not change. When Span-80 is used as surfactant, HMX-based PBX obtained by coating has the smoothest surface and dense coating and has no obvious external leakage pheomenon. The apparent activation energies of the HMX-based PBX obtained with Span-80, Tween-80, PVA and dextrin as surfactant are 438.05, 217.74, 406.64 and 356.14kJ/mol, and are reduced by 35.52, 255.83, 66.93, 117.43kJ/mol respectively compared to samples with no surfactant. In which the critical temperature of thermal explosion of HMX-based PBX with Span-80 as surfactant increases by about 1℃, showing that it has no obvious effect on the stability of PBX, and the characteristic drop height of impact sensitivity increases by 40.76% from 44.9cm to 63.2cm. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:Surface active agentsControlled terms:Activation energy - Coatings - Crystal structure - Differential scanning calorimetry - Scanning electron microscopy - ThermoanalysisUncontrolled terms:Apparent activation energy - Critical temperatures - Differential scanning calorimeters - Impact sensitivities - Span-80 - Tween 80 - Water suspensions - X ray diffractometersClassification code:801 Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 813.2 Coating Materials - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 4.08e+01%, Size 4.49e-01m to 6.32e-01mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.010


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Accession number:20181905139029Title:Preparation and Properties of CL-20/Split Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Energetic MaterialsAuthors:Yu, Jia-Ying (1); Wang, Jian-Hua (1); Liu, Yu-Cun (1); Yu, Yan-Wu (1); Yuan, Jun-Ming (1); Jing, Su-Ming (1)

Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Corresponding author:Wang, Jian-Hua([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:72-76Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20)/split multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SMWNTs) nano-composite energetic material was prepared by an ultrasound inhalation method using SMWNTs as raw material and CL-20 as filler.It was characterized by TEM, DSC-TG and XRD and laser ignition test was conducted. The results show that CL-20 grains are filled into the SWMNTs, and the filling position is at the port of SWMNTs, which is arranged with granular. Compared with pure CL-20, the initial decomposition temperature of CL-20/SMWNTs decreases from 239.6℃ to 229.6℃, and the peak temperature reduces from 221.4℃ to 173.6℃. CL-20/SMWNTs nano-composite energetic material has high photosensitivity and can be ignited under laser energy of 50W. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:10Main heading:Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCN)Controlled terms:Carbon nanotubes - Nanocomposites - YarnUncontrolled terms:Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane - Initial decomposition temperatures - Laser energies - Laser ignition - Peak temperatures - SWMNTsClassification code:761 Nanotechnology - 819.4 Fiber Products - 933 Solid State PhysicsNumerical data indexing:Power 5.00e+01WDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.013


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Accession number:20181905139033Title:Effect of Adhesives on the Properties of Combustible Igniter TubeAuthors:Wu, Yong-Gang (1); Zheng, Qi-Long (2); Tian, Shu-Chun (1); Ding, Kun (1); Zhou, Wei-Liang (2) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an North Huian Chemical Co., Ltd, Xi'an; 710302, China; (2) School of

Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:90-92 and 97Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of adhesives on the properties of combustible igniter tube, four kinds of combustible igniter tubes were prepared through roll-forming process by inert adhesive, energetic adhesive, inert/energetic mixed adhesive and inert adhesive/RDX mixture, respectively, their mechanical properties and constant-volume combustion performance were tested. The results show that compared with the standard combustible igniter tube, the combustible igniter tube with energetic adhesive can make the constant-volume combustion ash reduce by 69.0%, but drawing force, compressing force and pressure resistant strength are decreased by 52%, 68% and 60%, respectively. When the inert adhesive/RDX mixture (mass ratio of 90∶10) is used, the mechanical properties of combustible igniter tube are basically unchanged and the constant-volume combustion ash reduces by 12.2%. When the inert/energetic (mass ratio of 50∶50) mixed adhesive is used, the burning rate and combustion completeness of combustible igniter tubes are improved, and the mechanical properties decrease slightly. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:14Main heading:Tubes (components)Controlled terms:Adhesives - Combustion - Mechanical properties - MixturesUncontrolled terms:Burning rate - Combustion performance - Constant volumes - Constant-volume combustions - Drawing force - Mass ratio - Pressure-resistant - Roll forming processClassification code:619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.22e+01%, Percentage 5.20e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%, Percentage 6.90e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.017


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Accession number:20181204915699Title:Molecular Dynamics Study on Intermolecular Interaction of CL-20/MDNI Composite Explosive

Authors:Wu, Chun-Lei (1, 2); Cheng, Hong-Jin (3); Gou, Rui-Jun (1); Jia, Hong-Yun (1); Zhang, Shu-Hai (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China; (2) National Key Laboratory of Applied Physics and Chemistry, Xi'an; 710061, China; (3) Taiyuan Municipal Public Security Bureau, Taiyuan; 030001, China Corresponding author:Gou, Rui-Jun([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:66-72Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To research the intermolecular interactions of composite explosives and determine the mechanical properties and mixing mass ratio with the best safety of two components from the molecular level, the molecular dynamics (MD) method and density fuctional theory were employed to simulate the main growth faces of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (Ε-CL-20) and the binding energy, mechanical properties and radial distribution functions (RDF) of composite explosives composed of CL-20 and 1-methyl-4, 5-dinitro-1H-imidazole (MDNI) under different mass ratios. Theoretical detonation performance was calculated. The results show that when the mass fraction of CL-20 is 60%-65%, the binding energies of CL-20/MDNI are maximum, the compatibility and stability of two components are best. The intermolecular interactions between (1 0 1) face of CL-20 and MDNI are strongest. The values of bulk modulus (K), shear modulus (G) and tensile modulus (E), CL-20/MDNI with the mass ratio of 65∶35 composite explosives are minimum and the value of K/G is maximum, and the mechanical properties of composite explosives are the best. The intermolecular interactions are mainly hydrogen bonds formed between H atoms in CL-20 (or MDNI) molecules and O atoms in MDNI (or CL-20) molecules. The electron density topological analysis further proves that there is hydrogen bond between CL-20 and MDNI. When the mass fraction of CL-20 is 65%, the theoretical detonation velocity and detonation pressure are 8382m/s and 31.87GPa, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:22Main heading:ComplexationControlled terms:Atoms - Binding energy - Density (specific gravity) - Density functional theory - Detonation - Distribution functions - Elastic moduli - Hydrogen bonds - Mechanical properties - Molecular dynamics - Molecules - TopologyUncontrolled terms:Composite explosive - Detonation performance - Intermolecular interactions - MDNI - Molecular dynamics methods - Properties of composites - Radial distribution functions -

Topological analysisClassification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 922.1 Probability Theory - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 6.00e+01% to 6.50e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+01%, Pressure 3.19e+10Pa, Velocity 8.38e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.011


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Accession number:20181204915704Title:Compatibility of Dodecahydrododecaborate with Propellants IngredientsAuthors:Lan, Yan-Hua (1, 2); Shan, Zi-Xing (1, 3); Sheng, Li-Li (1); Yang, Rong-Jie (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) School of Environment and Safty Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China; (3) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072, China Corresponding author:Yang, Rong-Jie([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:95-100Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The physical properties of three kinds of dodecahydrododecaborates, dipotassium dodecahydrododecaborate (BH-1), bis(N-methylurotropinium) dodecahydrododecaborate (BH-2), bis(triaminoguanidinium) dodecahydrododecaborate (BH-3), were studied by sensitivity test instrument, density analyzer and thermogravimetric analysis, and the compatibility of three kinds of dodecahydrododecaborates with four kinds of common propellant components (binders, curing agents, plasticizers and high energy fillers) was systematically investigated by DSC. The results show that the densities of three kinds of dodecahydrododecaborates are 1.2g/cm3 and they are insensitive to impact and friction. Under 500℃, three kinds of dodecahydrododecaborates have good compatibility with the binders (HTPB and PET), curing agents (N-100 and TDI), plasticizers (DOS and A3), but compared with individal

compounds, the decomposition peak temperature of binary mixtures of dodecahydrododecaborates and RDX decreases by 12.7-37.5℃, leading to earlier decomposition of RDX and sample, while BH-2 and BH-3 have poor compatibility with AP, they are not suitable for use in such propellants. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:17Main heading:Thermogravimetric analysisControlled terms:Binary mixtures - Binders - Curing - Explosives - HTPB propellants - Plasticizers - Polyethylene terephthalates - Propellants - Reinforced plastics - Solvents - ThermoanalysisUncontrolled terms:Boron hydrides - Compatibility - Curing agents - Dodecahydrododecaborate - Good compatibility - Peak temperatures - Sensitivity testsClassification code:801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 817.1 Polymer ProductsNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.20e+03kg/m3DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.016


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Accession number:20181905139060Title:Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Thermal Behavior of 3,3'-Bis(2,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-1,3-dioxan-5-yl-ONN-azoxy)azoxyfurazan(BDDAF)Authors:Zhang, Jia-Rong (1, 2); Bi, Fu-Qiang (1, 2); Wang, Bo-Zhou (1, 2); Zhang, Jun-Lin (1, 2); Jia, Si-Yuan (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemical, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Xi'an Mordern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:45-50Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Taking tri(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane(TN) and acetone as raw materials, 2,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-5-nitroso-1,3-dioxane(DMNNDO) was synthesized via. condensation, alkaline hydrolysis and nitrosation reactions. The energetic intermediate 3,3'-bis(2,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-1,3-dioxan-5-

yl-ONN-azoxy)azoxyfurazan(BDDAF) was synthesized via. oxidative-coupling reaction taking DMNNDO and DAOAF as starting materials, and the total yield of this four-step reactions was 40%. The structure of target compound was characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 15N NMR and elemental analysis. The single crystal of BDDAF was cultured and its structure was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffractometer. The thermal behavior of BDDAF was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) method. The results show that the crystal belongs to monoclinic system, space group is P2(1)/n, cell parameters are a=0.54504(15)nm, b=3.1462(9), c=0.7546(2), β=103.612(5)°, V=1.2577(6)nm3, Z=2, Dc=1.554g/cm3, F(000)=608, wR<inf>1</inf>=0.1387 and wR<inf>2</inf>=0.3306. The oxidative coupling reaction conditions are optimized and the yield can reach 85%.The solvent-nonsolvent method is used instead of column chromatography, the purity of BDDAF is more than 99%, and the melting point and decomposition temperature are 117℃ and 248℃, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:19Main heading:Crystal structureControlled terms:Acetone - Alkalinity - Chemical bonds - Chemical reactions - Column chromatography - Differential scanning calorimetry - Methanol - Single crystals - Thermogravimetric analysisUncontrolled terms:Azoxy frazan - BDDAF - Energetic compounds - Nitromethane - Organic ChemistryClassification code:801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.008


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Accession number:20181905138998Title:Quire interaction of certain nitramine type explosives with proton-A DFT studyAuthors:Türker, Lemi (1) Author affiliation:(1) Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara; 06231, Turkey Corresponding author:Türker, Lemi([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:1-6

Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The composites of certain nitramine type explosives, TETRYL, RDX and EDNA, with proton in vacuum have been considered within the constraints of density functional theory at the level of B3LYP/6-31++G(d, p) (restricted and unrestricted). The results indicate that unexpectedly hydrogen molecule production occurs by the interaction of proton and a hydrogen of CH<inf>3</inf> (TETRYL ) and CH<inf>2</inf> (RDX and EDNA) groups. As a result, a carbocation is generated on the explosive molecules. Thereafter, TETRYL which potentially has many protonation sites were investigated in more detail in vacuum and aqueous conditions. The data reveals that the composite system (TETRYL+proton) is less stable than TETRYL protonated on nitramine NH or oxygen of the nitro groups. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:28Main heading:Density functional theoryControlled terms:Explosives - Molecules - Protonation - ProtonsUncontrolled terms:Aqueous condition - Carbocations - EDNA - Hydrogen molecule - Nitramines - Nitro group - Protonation site - TETRYLClassification code:802.2 Chemical Reactions - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular PhysicsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.001


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Accession number:20181905139057Title:Research Progress in Metal-fluoropolymer Mechanical Activation Energetic CompositesAuthors:Tao, Jun (1); Wang, Xiao-Feng (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Feng([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:8-14Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Embarked from the recent development of metal-fluoropolymer mechanical activation energetic composites (MAECs), the energy properties of metal-fluoropolymer were introduced, the energy advantages and release mechanism were analyzed. The typical defects of metal-fluoropolymer were summarized as the low energy release rate caused by the large diffusion distance between two components. The method of adjusting the energy release rate was compared, such as the use of nano aluminum powder, design of the micro device of reaction materials and the mechanical activation treatment. The superiority of mechanical activation was also analyzed. The research status of the mechanical activation process, reaction mechanism, detonation performance and application of MAECs was reviewed. The present status and problems of the research on MAECs of metal-fluorine polymer were evaluated, and the future development trend was also discussed. With 64 references. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:63Main heading:MetalsControlled terms:Chemical activation - Detonation - Energy release rate - Fluorine containing polymers - Growth kineticsUncontrolled terms:Detonation performance - High energy density materials - High-energy explosives - MAECs - Mechanical activation - NanoaluminumClassification code:804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 931.1 MechanicsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.002


<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20181905139058Title:Study on the Design and Performance of Double-base Propellant/Ammonium Perchlorate Based Incendiary AgentAuthors:Wang, Hai-Peng (1); Yang, Hong-Tao (2); Zhu, Xu-Qiang (3); Yang, Yue (3); Cheng, Yi (3); Song, Dong-Ming (3) Author affiliation:(1) Nanjing Research Institute on Simulation Technique, Nanjing; 210094, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (3) School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:15-18 and 23Language:English

ISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Double-base (DB) propellant/ammonium perchlorate (AP) as the main components of the incendiary agent were designed and the combustion performance of incendiary agent was adjusted by adding metal (boron, magnesium, aluminum) combustible agent. The combustion heat, burning rate, flame temperature and thermal performance of incendiary agent were measured by automatic calorimeter, digital camera, thermocouple and TG-DSC. The results show that adding the metal powders can increase the combustion heat, burning rate and flame temperature of the incendiary agent, and change their flame structure. For long-distance ignition of liquid fuel with high boiling point, the effect of boron powder is the best in three kinds of metal powders, the flame temperature of DB/AP/B can reach 1070℃, the flame length reaches 25cm, the combustion process is more stable, while DB/AP/Mg and DB/AP/Al produce a large number of sparks in the combustion process. AP and metal powder have no effect on the thermal decomposition of DB propellant. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:14Main heading:Powder metalsControlled terms:Boron - Decomposition - Ignition - Inorganic compounds - Metal fuels - Metals - Propellants - ThermocouplesUncontrolled terms:Ammonium perchlorates - Combustion heat - Combustion performance - Combustion pro-cess - Double-base propellant - Flame structure - Flame temperatures - Thermal PerformanceClassification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion - 524 Solid Fuels - 549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 944.5 Temperature Measuring InstrumentsNumerical data indexing:Size 2.50e-01mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.003

Funding Details: Number; Acronym; Sponsor: 51202113; NSFC; National Natural Science Foundation of China


<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20181905139088Title:Hygrothermal Aging Behaviors of A-IX-II Explosive GrainAuthors:Jia, Lin (1); Zhang, Lin-Jun (1); Chang, Hai (1); Zhang, Dong-Mei (1); Li, Xiao-Yu (1); Lu, Hong-Lin (1); Yue, Pu (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Chang, Hai([email protected])

Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:70-75Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the hygrothermal environment adaptation of pressed mixed explosive charge with Al and RDX, pressed A-IX-II explosive grains with &Fcy;20mm, &Fcy;40mm, &Fcy;60mm and &Fcy;84mm were aged 52 days under the environmental conditions of 71℃ and relative humidity of 65%, the changes in volumes, compressive strength, mass, aluminum powder activity, decomposition heat, vacuum stability test (VST) and explosion temperature of the grains with time were tracked and recorded. Their microstructures were observed by X-ray computed tomography and scanning electron microscope.The results show that hygrothermal aging makes the volumes of grains occur irreversible expansion, compressive strength decrease, part of Al powder be oxidized, and decomposition heat decrease, which change rapidly in the initial stage of aging and slowly after aging 7 days, explosion temperature does not reduce significantly and the amount of gas of VST does not increase after aging 52 days, indicating that the thermal stability of the grain is not degraded. The structure integrality of grain has size effect, there exists a critical value of 60-84mm in diameter, grains are easy to generate internal crack when their diameters are greater than the critical value of aging. The insensitive binder breakage and debonding after aging cause the decrease of compressive strength of grain and inactivation of part of Al powder, making the decomposition heat of explosive reduce. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:17Main heading:Compressive strengthControlled terms:Computerized tomography - Explosives - Photodegradation - Physical chemistry - Thermodynamic stabilityUncontrolled terms:Aging behavior - Aluminized explosives - Explosive charges - Hygrothermal aging - Size effectsClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.4 Physical ChemistryNumerical data indexing:Age 1.42e-01yr, Age 1.92e-02yr, Percentage 6.50e+01%, Size 6.00e-02m to 8.40e-02mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.013

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20181905139079Title:Study on Crystal Structure and Properties of Oxalodihydrazinium 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-diolateAuthors:Ye, Dan-Yang (1); Shang, Guan Xu-Shui (1); Lei, Qing (1); Ren, Xiao-Ting (1); He, Jin-Xuan (1); Lu, Yan-Hua (1); Cao, Yi-Lin (1) Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang; Hubei; 441003, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:23-26Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Oxalodihydrazinium 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-diolate (BTOOH) was prepared by protonation of oxalyl dihydrazide and 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-diol dihydrate(BTO)with the yield of 92%.The single crystal of BTOOH was cultured. Its crystal structure and thermal stability were studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction and TG-DSC. Its friction sensitivity, impact sensitivity and electrostatic sensitivity were measured. The results show that the crystal of BTOOH belongs to monoclinic system and it contains two molecules of coordinationn water. The water-lost temperature is 123℃ and exothermic decomposition peak temperature is 245.49℃, revealing good thermal stability. BTOOH is insensitive to impact, friction and electric spark.Its sensitivety is lower than that of RDX.The preparation process of BTOOH is simple, it can be used in the study of cooling agent and has a good application prospect. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:Crystal structureControlled terms:Friction - Single crystals - Thermodynamic stabilityUncontrolled terms:BTOOH - Electrostatic sensitivity - Exothermic decomposition - Ionic salts - Organic Chemistry - Oxalodihydrazidinium 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-diolate - Single crystal x-ray diffraction - Structure and propertiesClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 933.1.1 Crystal LatticeNumerical data indexing:Percentage 9.20e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.004

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20181905139028Title:Comparative Study on Micromechanical Properties of DNAN and TNT Crystals by NanoindentationAuthors:Zhu, Yi-Ju (1); Tu, Jian (1); Chang, Hai (1); Su, Peng-Fei (1); Chen, Zhi-Qun (1); Xu, Min (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:68-71 and 84Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The DNAN and TNT crystals were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The micromechanical properties (hardness and elastic modulus)of DNAN and TNT crystals were studied by nanoindentation. The difference of variation of indentation with time was investigated by in situ scanning probe microscopy(SPM). The results show that the average hardness and elastic modulus are 7.82GPa and 0.22GPa for DNAN and 12.19GPa and 0.48GPa for TNT, respectively, indicating that the ability of resistance to deformation of TNT is stronger than that of DNAN. With increasing the indentation depth from 118nm to 856nm, the hardness of DNAN reduces from 0.61GPa to 0.22GPa; With increasing the indentation depth from 27nm to 481nm, the hardness of TNT reduces from 2.9GPa to 0.48GPa, revealing that DNAN and TNT have size-effect. With increasing the time from 0 to 50min, the indentation depth reduces from -270.99nm to -44.28nm for DNAN and from -415.12nm to -369.21nm for TNT, showing that the elastic resilience of DNAN crystal has more obvious slow elastic resilience than that of TNT crystal, which means DNAN has stronger ability to absorb impact energy. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:NanoindentationControlled terms:Elastic moduli - Evaporation - Hardness - Indentation - Scanning probe microscopyUncontrolled terms:Comparative studies - DNAN - Elastic resilience - Hardness and elastic modulus - In-situ scanning probe microscopy - Micromechanical property - Resistance to deformation - Solvent evaporation methodClassification code:761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Pressure 1.22e+10Pa, Pressure 2.20e+08Pa, Pressure 2.90e+09Pa to

4.80e+08Pa, Pressure 4.80e+08Pa, Pressure 7.82e+09Pa, Size -3.69e-07m, Size -4.43e-08m, Size 1.18e-07m to 8.56e-07m, Size 2.70e-08m to 4.81e-07m, Time 0.00e+00s to 3.00e+03sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.012


<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20181905139073Title:Experimental Verification and Numerical Simulation on Composite Rod-type Jet Molding and Power PerformanceAuthors:Wang, Wei-Zhan (1); Zhao, Tai-Yong (1); Chen, Zhi-Gang (1); Yin, Li-Kui (1); Yang, Bao-Liang (2); Zhang, Xiao-Zhong (3); Guo, Guang-Quan (4) Author affiliation:(1) National Defense Key Laboratory of Underground Damage Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China; (2) Xi'an Institute of Modern Control Technology, Xi'an; 710065, China; (3) Shanxi North Jindong Chemical Co., Ltd., Yangquan; Shanxi; 045000, China; (4) Jinxi Industries Group Co., Ltd., Taiyuan; 030051, China Corresponding author:Zhao, Tai-Yong([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:93-97 and 106Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To clarify the performance of composite rod-type jet, eight kinds of composite ball imperfection covers with different materials, including polyethylene/copper, aluminum/copper, titanium/copper, iron/copper, copper/copper, molybdenum/copper, tantalum/copper and tungsten/copper, were designed, and three-dimensional numerical simulation of the forming process of rod-type jet was performed by LS-DYNA software, the power performance of the rod-type jet was analyzed, and the numerical simulation results were verified via static armor experiment. The results show that under the condition of keeping the inner cover material as red copper, the overall velocity of jet decreases with increasing the density of outer cover material, while the density of outer cover material increases with inner shell material is copper, and the kinetic energy of jet decreases with increasing the density of outer cover material. When outer cover is made of metal material, the greater the impact resistance of outer cover materials, the smaller the transmission pressure of the detonation wave in the inner cover, and the overall velocity and kinetic energy of the jet decreases with increasing the shock resistance of outer

cover. By contrast, it is found that the overall velocity of polyethylene /Cu composite rod-type jet is the highest, the kinetic energy is the largest, and the armor is better, the aluminum/copper composite rod-type jet is the second. The experimental results of static armor show that the penetration depth of the steel/copper composite rod-type jet is better than that of the aluminum/copper composite rod-type jet, which is consistent with the numerical simulation results. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Computer softwareControlled terms:Aluminum - Armor - Computer simulation - Copper - Impact resistance - Kinetic energy - Kinetics - Numerical models - Polyethylenes - Shaped chargesUncontrolled terms:Cover materials - Detonation waves - Experimental verification - Metal materials - Power performance - Shaped-charge jets - Shock resistance - Three-dimensional numerical simulationsClassification code:404.1 Military Engineering - 541.1 Aluminum - 544.1 Copper - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 921 Mathematics - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.018


<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20181905139032Title:Accelerated Thermal Aging Behavior and Life Prediction of New-type FAEAuthors:Yu, Si-Long (1); Zhang, Lin-Jun (1); Wang, Qiong (1); Du, Jiao-Jiao (1); Zhang, Dong-Mei (1); Jia, Lin (1); Gu, Yan (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:85-89Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The aging behavior of new-type fuel air explosives (FAE) under the high temperature accelerated aging condition was studied by an accelerated aging test method and the service life of FAE was predicted. The results show that with increasing the aging time, the density

uniformity of new-type FAE decreases significantly, whereas crosslink density shows the trend of first decreasing, then increasing and decreasing again, and the higher the aging temperature, the bigger the crosslink density. Maximum values of the crosslink density of samples at aging temperatures of 55, 65, 75 and 85℃ are 3.0843×10-5, 3.0932×10-5, 3.1964×10-5 and 3.2881×10-5mol/mL, respectively. When estimating the service life of new-type FAE using the active aluminum content decrease of 8% as a failure criterion, the calculated value of service life at 25℃ is more than 14 years. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Service lifeControlled terms:Explosives - Thermal agingUncontrolled terms:Accelerated aging test - Accelerated thermal aging - Aging temperatures - Aluminum powders - Cross-link densities - Density uniformity - Fuel air explosive - Life predictionsClassification code:951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Age 1.40e+01yr, Percentage 8.00e+00%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.016


<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20181905139010Title:Study on formation of penetrators and damage of a new type of multiple linear explosively formed penetrator warheadAuthors:Li, Peng (1); Yuan, Bao-Hui (1); Li, Gang (1); Zhou, Tao (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Yuan, Bao-Hui([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:65-68 and 80Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:In order to simplify process and improve the forming quality and damage ability of linear explosively formed penetrator (LEFP), a new type of multiple linear explosively formed penetrator (MLEFP) warhead with center detonation was designed. The liners have the

characters that the arc top thickness is smaller than the thickness of the edge. Using numerical simulation technology, the forming and dispersion effect of penetrators were researched and the liners were optimized. The principle prototype of warhead which was back overturned to form dense penetrators was designed and the static explosion test was carried out. The numerical simulation results show that under the central initiation, the liner is easily forward overturned to form a penetrator when the arc top thickness of the liner is larger than the thickness of the edge, and the liner is more easily back overturned to form a dense penetrator when the arc top thickness of the liner is smaller than the thickness of the edge. The forming quality of the iron material liners is better than that of the cooper material. The result of static explosion experiment shows that the 45 steel plates with 30mm thickness which are 2.5m distance from the explosion center can be penetrated by the penetrators formed by the warhead designed. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:Numerical modelsControlled terms:Computer simulation - DispersionsUncontrolled terms:Dispersion effect - Explosion center - Explosion experiment - Explosively formed penetrator - Liner - MLEFP - Penetration - Simulation technologiesClassification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 921 Mathematics - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Size 2.50e+00m, Size 3.00e-02mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.013


<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20181204915705Title:Mesoscopic Dynamic Simulations on the Phase Structure of Nitrocellulose/Plasticizers BlendsAuthors:Qi, Xiao-Fei (1); Yan, Ning (1); Yan, Qi-Long (2); Li, Hong-Yan (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an; 710072, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:101-107Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The phase structures and their evolution processes and affecting factors of blend systems of plasticizers nitroglycerine (NG), 1, 5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane (DIANP), N-butyl nitroxyethyl nitramine (Bu-NENA), bis(2, 2-dinitropropyl) formal (BDNPF)/bis (2, 2-dinitropropyl) formal acetal (BDNPA) (designated as BDNPF/A when the mass ratio of BDNPF/BDNPA is 1∶1) and nitrocellulose (NC) respectively were compared and studied by using a mesoscopic dynamics simulation method. The micromorphology of miscible products of four kinds of blend systems with the mass ratio of NC and plasticizer as 50/50 was compared and studied using scanning electron microscope. The results show that compared with plasticizer NG, the plasticizers DIANP, Bu-NENA and BDNPF/A exhibit better miscibility with NC, and their micromorphology characteristics are in good agreement with the mesoscopic dynamics simulation results. At 20℃, the phase separation for NC/BDNPA/F blend system with the mass ratio as 30/70 and NC/NG blend systems with the mass ratio as 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60 and 30/70 occurs. For the NC/NG blend system with the mass ratio as 50/50, the miscibility of NG and NC improves with increasing the temperature, and the phase separation phenomenon of the system disappeared at more than 40℃. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:15Main heading:Phase separationControlled terms:Blending - Morphology - Nitrocellulose - Phase structure - Physical chemistry - Plasticizers - Reinforced plastics - Scanning electron microscopy - Solubility - Solvents - Superconducting materialsUncontrolled terms:Affecting factors - Blend system - Energetic plasticizer - Evolution process - Mesoscopic dynamics - Micromorphologies - Nitramines - NitroglycerineClassification code:708.3 Superconducting Materials - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives - 817.1 Polymer Products - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials ScienceDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.017


<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20181905139087Title:Determination of Nitrogen Content in Nitrocellulose by Fully Automatic Nitrogen Determination AnalyzerAuthors:Liu, Hong-Ni (1); Zhang, Gao (1); Su, Peng-Fei (1); Hu, Ling (1); Luo, Hong-Yan (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Gao([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4

Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:66-69Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Nitrogen content in nitrocellulose was determined by self-developed fully automatic nitrogen determination analyzer. The effects of sample pretreatment conditions and experimental parameters of fully automatic nitrogen determination analyzer on the results were studied. The accuracy and repeatability of test were discussed. Comparison of fully automatic nitrogen determination analyzer method and traditional alloy reduction method was performed. The results show that the sample pretreatment is carried out by graphite oven heating and temperature gradient mode of saponification, the optimum experimental parameters are determined as steam volume fraction of 80%, preheating time of 30s, reduction reaction time of 7min, boric acid solution volume of 35mL, distillation time of 8 min, indicating that the method of nitrogen content in nitrocellulose detected by fully automatic nitrogen determination analyzer is easy to operate with less time, and can ensure the precision and accuracy of the results. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:5Main heading:NitrogenControlled terms:Boric acid - Distillation - NitrocelluloseUncontrolled terms:Accuracy and repeatabilities - Boric acid solutions - Experimental parameters - Fully automatic nitrogen determination analyzer - Measurement precision - Nitrogen content - Reduction method - Sample pretreatmentClassification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and DerivativesNumerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+01%, Time 4.20e+02s, Time 4.80e+02s, Volume 3.50e-05m3DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.012


<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20181905139053Title:Preparation of B/Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>/NC Composite and Its Effect on Properties of HTPB/AP PropellantAuthors:Yang, Hong-Tao (1); Li, Yan-Chun (1); Cheng, Yi (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants

Abbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:88-93Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To improve the property of boron (B) powder and dispersion of ferric oxide (Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>) nanoparticles in solid propellant, the B/Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>/nitrocellulose (NC) composite was prepared by an electrostatic spray method. The surface morphology of the composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Thermal performance of the composite and its effect on the properties of propellant was analyzed by TG-DSC. The effect of the composite on the combustion properties of HTPB/AP propellant was studied by burning rate test and closed bomb experiment. The results show that the prepared composite exists in the form of agglomerate, the reactivity of boron in the composite is improved, and the oxidation reaction temperature is advanced. The improving effect of agglomerate boron on the combustion performance of HTPB/AP propellant is larger than raw boron powder. After the addition of Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, the combustion performance of propellant containing B can be further improved and with increasing the Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> content, the time needed to reach the highest pressure of HTPB/AP propellant in closed bomb gradually decreases. When the mass fraction of Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> is 8%, the burning rate of the propellant in air at normal pressure is the largest, which is 2.77 times of that of HTPB/AP propellant without adding B/Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>/NC composite. The B/Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>/NC composite has certain catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of the propellant, and the catalytic effect becomes stronger with increasing the Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> content. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:11Main heading:Composite propellantsControlled terms:Bombs (ordnance) - Boron - Combustion - Decomposition - Electrostatics - Hematite - HTPB propellants - Scanning electron microscopyUncontrolled terms:Boron powder - Burning rate - Combustion performance - Combustion property - Electrostatic spray - Ferric oxide - Oxidation reactions - Thermal PerformanceClassification code:404 Civil Defense and Military Engineering - 482.2 Minerals - 549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+00%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.017

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20181905139089Title:Design of A New M-shaped Top Structure Liner and Analysis of Penetration Ability of Its Jet FormationAuthors:Wang, Feng-Ying (1); Ruan, Guang-Guang (1); Liu, Tian-Sheng (1); Yue, Ji-Wei (2); Chai, Yan-Jun (3); Zhao, Hai-Ping (1); Wu, Peng (1); Zhou, Jie (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China; (2) Wuhan Guide Infrared Co., Ltd., Wuhan; 430205, China; (3) Anhui Fangyuan Mechanical and Electrical Co., Ltd., Bengbu; Anhui; 233010, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:76-80Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Based on the liner structrues of the cone angle, a new liner structure with M-shaped top structure was designed by changing its top structure, and the formation mechanism of its jet head was analyzed. The numerical simulation of jet formationin process of liner with M-shaped top structrue under the action of detonation wave and the penetration process of No.45 steel plate was performed by using the finite element software ANSYS/LS-dyna, and comparison with the head and end velocity, stretching length, slug size and the penetration ability of No.45 steel plate of the jet formed by the cone angle liner and the flat-top liner was performed. The results show that the top structure of the liner with M-shaped top structure forms jet head at two times convergence under the action of detonation wave. Under the same loading condition, compared with the cone angle liner jet-forming head speed, the M-shaped liner jet-forming head speed is increased by about 9.10% and the flat-top liner jet-forming head speed is increased by about 5.56%, its penetration depth is improved by about 10.40% compared with the cone angle liner, its penetration depth is improved by about 7.28% compared with the flat-top liner liner. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Plates (structural components)Controlled terms:Computer software - Detonation - Jets - Shaped charges - Shock wavesUncontrolled terms:Detonation waves - Explosion mechanics - Finite element software - Formation mechanism - M-shape liner - Penetration - Penetration ability - Penetration process

Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.04e+01%, Percentage 5.56e+00%, Percentage 7.28e+00%, Percentage 9.10e+00%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.014


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Accession number:20181204915706Title:Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Penetration Characteristics of DU Alloy FragmentsAuthors:Shao, Xian-Feng (1); Zhao, Han-Dong (1); Zhu, Fu-Lin (2); Bian, Jiang-Nan (3); Wang, Qing (1); Wu, Fan-Da (1) Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechatronic Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China; (2) Sichuan Aerospace Electronic Equipment Research Institute, Chengdu; 611900, China; (3) Beijing Aeronautical Technology Research Centre, Beijing; 100076, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:108-112 and 118Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the difference of the damage performance of depleted uranium (DU) alloy and tungsten alloy fragments, using finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA and lagrange algorithm, taking the spherical and cylindrical fragment penetration target plate with the penetration velocities of 950 and 1000m/s as the research object, the penetration process and velocity characteristics of the steel target plates penetrated by DU alloy fragment and tungsten alloy fragment were compared and analyzed, and the simulation results were verified by 13.1mm ballistic gun. The results show that in the penetration process of DU alloy fragment and tungsten alloy fragment, the self-sharp properties revealing by DU alloy fragments can make the head of the fragment tip become sharp and the penetration ability enhance. When the shape and mass of fragments are same and the initial penetration velocity is 1000m/s, the residual penetration kinetic energy of cylindrical DU alloy fragment is 1.3 times of tungsten alloy fragment, and the residual penetration kinetic energy of spherical DU alloy fragment is 2.3 times of tungsten alloy

fragment. When the initial velocity is equal but the the shape is different, the maximum value of residual velocity of spherical DU alloy fragment is 2.1 times of cylindrical fragment, the maximum value of residual velocity of spherical tungsten alloy fragment is 1.6 times of cylindrical fragment, so the penetration ability of spherical DU fragment is optimal. Through comparing the experimental results with simulated ones, the calculated maximum error is 8.8%, which verified the correctness of simulated calculation. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:10Main heading:Tungsten alloysControlled terms:Ballistics - Computer simulation - Computer software - Electric arc welding - Kinetic energy - Kinetics - Numerical models - Spheres - Uranium alloys - VelocityUncontrolled terms:Energetic fragment - Finite element software - Penetration characteristic - Penetration feature - Penetration kinetics - Penetration velocity - Simulated calculation - Velocity characteristicsClassification code:538.2.1 Welding Processes - 543.5 Tungsten and Alloys - 547 Minor, Precious and Rare Earth Metals and Alloys - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921 Mathematics - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 931.1 MechanicsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 8.80e+00%, Size 1.31e-02m, Velocity 1.00e+03m/s, Velocity 9.50e+02m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.018


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Accession number:20181905139075Title:Numerical Simulation on the Effect of Different Segmentation Methods of Shaped Charge Liner on the Formation of JetAuthors:Lei, Wei (1); Lü, Chun-Ling (1); Liu, Yuan-Yuan (1); Wu, Peng (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:102-106Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of different segmentation methods of shaped charge liner on the formation of jet, the numerical simulation of the formation process of jet under the effect of detonation wave for different segmentation methods of shaped charge liner, including horizontal segmentation and longitudial segmentation, shaped charge liner without segmentation, and the penetration ability to 45# steel plate were performed by employing numerical simulation software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The shape and head to tail speed of jet, stretching length and tensile properties formed under the effect of detonation wave for different segmentation methods of shaped charge liner and its penetration to 45# steel target plate were compared. Results show that under the same charge conditions, compared to longitudial segmentation type shaped charge liner, the head speed of horizontal segmentation type shaped charge liner improves by about 220m/s and its tensile performance is better, the penetration depth to 45# target plate increases by about 3.26mm. Compared with shaped charge liner without segmentation, the head speed of horizontal segmentation type shaped charge liner improves by about 360m/s, and the penetration depth to 45# steel target plate increases by about 5.62cm © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Numerical methodsControlled terms:Computer simulation - Computer software - Detonation - Jets - Numerical models - Shaped charges - Shock wavesUncontrolled terms:Liner - Numerical simulation software - Penetrating warhead - Penetration - Penetration ability - Segmentation methods - Shaped charge liners - Tensile performanceClassification code:631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityNumerical data indexing:Size 3.26e-03m, Velocity 2.20e+02m/s, Velocity 3.60e+02m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.020


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Accession number:20181905139012Title:Research on simulating the strain rate of tubular propellant charge under the condition of launching acceleration loadAuthors:Li, Meng (1); Zhao, Feng-Qi (1); Xu, Si-Yu (1); Pei, Qing (1); Hao, Hai-Xia (1); Yao, Er-Gang (1); Jiang, Han-Yu (1) Author affiliation:(1) Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1

Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:75-80Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The finite element model was established by LS-DYNA software, the strain and strain rate of tubular propellant charge under the condition of launching acceleration were simulated and calculated. The structure response of charge under the condition of 10000g (g is the acceleration of gravity )was analyzed. The effect of different acceleration load (5000-15000g)and structure size of charge on the maximum equivalent strain and strain rate was discussed. The results show that in the supporting acceleration load process for charge, the maximum equivalent strain and strain rate occur near the bottom of the inner hole. With increasing the axial acceleration from 5000g to 15000g, the change trend of equivalent strain-time curve and strain rate-time curve is basicallly the same. The maximum strain rate increases linearly from 13 s-1 to 35s-1, which is in medium strain rate range. With increasing the charge length from 120mm to 200mm, the maximum equivalent strain and maximum strain rate increase by 1.83% and 2.63%, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:15Main heading:Strain rateControlled terms:Acceleration - Computer simulation - Launching - PropellantsUncontrolled terms:Axial acceleration - Equivalent strains - Maximum strains - Medium strain rate - Strain and strain rates - Structure response - Structure sizes - Tubular propellant chargeClassification code:723.5 Computer ApplicationsNumerical data indexing:Mass 5.00e+00kg to 1.50e+01kg, Percentage 1.83e+00%, Percentage 2.63e+00%, Size 1.20e-01m to 2.00e-01mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.015


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Accession number:20181905139037Title:Self-assembly of Aluminum-based Nanostructured Energetic MaterialsAuthors:Luo, Yun-Jun (1); Zhang, Tian-Fu (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40

Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:1-9Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The advantages of self-assembly method are highlighted by analyzing and comparing the energy properties of the nanostructured energetic materials fabricated by different approaches. The self-assembly strategy can effectively control the arrangement of component nanoparticles, improve the dispersity of ingredients, and increase the intimacy between the reactants. Therefore, the burning rate and reactivity, as well as energy efficiency, of the assembled nanostructured energetic materials are enhanced, due to that the length of mass and heat transport during reaction are reduced. Recent advances reported in previous publications related to the self-assembly of aluminum-based nanostructured energetic materials are summarized and classified into two categories: direct and indirect methods. Accordingly, the development direction of the self-assembly to prepare nanostructured energetic materials is proposed,with 41 references. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:41Main heading:Self assemblyControlled terms:Aluminum - Energy efficiency - Explosives - Materials science - Nanostructured materialsUncontrolled terms:Burning rate - Development directions - Direct and indirect methods - Energy property - Mass and heat transport - Nano-structured - Nanoaluminum - Self-assembly methodClassification code:525.2 Energy Conservation - 541.1 Aluminum - 761 Nanotechnology - 951 Materials ScienceDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.001


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Accession number:20181905139003Title:A new method for refining 2, 6-diamino-3, 5-dinitropyridine-1-oxideAuthors:Zhang, Meng-Meng (1, 2); Wang, You-Bing (1, 2); Zhou, Jie-Wen (1, 2); Li, Yuan (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40

Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:28-33Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To solve the difficulty of refining 2, 6-diamino-3, 5-dinitropyridine-1-oxide(ANPyO) by conventional method, the impurity 2, 6-diamino-3, 5-dinitropyridine(ANPy) was removed and refined ANPyO was obtaned via synthesis of ANPyO copper complexes and decomplexation process using copper salts, DMSO, H<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> and water as starting materials. Through the reuse of solid-liquid waste, a new method for purification of ANPyO was obtained. The intermediates and products were characterized by IR, NMR, elemental analysis, SEM and DSC. The results show that the yield of ANPyO refined by this method is greater than 89%, the purify is more than 99%, and the demand of organic solvent is less. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:15Main heading:Copper compoundsControlled terms:Explosives - Refining - Salts - Synthesis (chemical)Uncontrolled terms:2, 6-diamino-3, 5-dinitropyridine-1-oxide - ANPyO - Conventional methods - Copper complexes - Copper salt - Decomplexations - Heat-resistant explosives - Solid-liquidClassification code:802.2 Chemical ReactionsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 8.90e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.006


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Accession number:20181905139007Title:Effect of CL-20 on characteristics of nitrate ester explosiveAuthors:Liu, Xiao-Jun (1); Li, Ji-Zhen (1); Zhang, Zheng-Zhong (1); Deng, Chong-Qing (1); Bai, Yang (2); Qu, Bei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an; 710021, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017

Pages:49-52Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Based on the formulation of nitrate ester explosive with HMX and replacing HMX by CL-20, the density, heat of detonation and detonation velocity of nitrate ester explosive with CL-20 were calculated and compared with the test results. Its mechanical sensitivities were tested. The results show that the measured density, heat of detonation and detonation velocity of the explosive are obviously increased with increasing the content of CL-20. When the mass fraction of CL-20 is 50%, the measured density, heat of detonation and detonation velocity of the nitrate ester explosive are 1. 907g/m3, 6826J/g and 9125m/s, respectively, while the impact sensitivity increases from 34% to 40%, and the friction sensitivity increases from 28% to 60%. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Density (specific gravity) - Esters - Nitrates - VelocityUncontrolled terms:Detonation velocity - Friction sensitivities - Heat of detonations - Impact sensitivities - Mass fraction - Mechanical sensitivity - Nitrate estersClassification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and SolidsNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 9.07e-01kg/m3, Percentage 2.80e+01% to 6.00e+01%, Percentage 3.40e+01% to 4.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Specific_Energy 6.83e+06J/kg, Velocity 9.12e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.010


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Accession number:20181905139040Title:Study of Thermal Reactivity and Kinetics of HMX and Its PBX by Different MethodsAuthors:Abd-Elghany, Mohamed (1); Klapötke, Thomas M (1); Elbeih, Ahmed (2); Hassanein, Saeed (2); Elshenawy, Tamer (3) Author affiliation:(1) Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, München; 81377, Germany; (2) Military Technical College, Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt; (3) Technical Research Center, Cairo, Egypt Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017

Publication year:2017Pages:24-32Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Vacuum Stability Test (VST) was used to determine the thermal behavior and kinetic parameters of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and its mixture with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as a binder coded as HMX/HTPB. Model fitting and isoconversional method were applied to determine the kinetic parameters based on VST results. For comparison, non-isothermal thermogravimetry analysis data (TGA) was also used to calculate the kinetic parameters by using Kissinger, OFW (Ozawa, Flynn, and Wall) and KAS (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose) methods. Advanced Kinetics and Technology Solution (AKTS) software was also used to determine the decomposition kinetics of the studied samples. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was employed to determine the decomposition heat flow properties of the studied samples. Results show that the activation energies obtained using VST results is 360.1kJ/mol for pure HMX and 186.9kJ/mol for HMX/HTPB. The activation energies obtained by the three different methods using TGA results are in the range of 360-368kJ/mol for pure HMX and 190-206kJ/mol for HMX/HTPB. It is concluded that values of kinetic parameters obtained by VST are close to that obtained by the different techniques using TG/DTG results. The onset decomposition peak of HMX/HTPB is lower than that of HMX where the HTPB binder has negative effect on the thermal stability of HMX. The results of all the applied techniques prove that HMX/HTPB has lower activation energy and heat release than the pure HMX. HTPB polymeric matrix has negative effect on the kinetic parameters of HMX. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:44Main heading:Activation energyControlled terms:Binders - Differential scanning calorimetry - HMX - Kinetic parameters - Polybutadienes - Private telephone exchanges - Thermodynamic stability - Thermogravimetric analysisUncontrolled terms:Decomposition kinetics - Hydroxyl terminated polybutadienes - Iso-conversional method - Non-isothermal thermogravimetry - Polymeric matrices - Technology solutions - Thermal reactivity - Vacuum stability testsClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment - 801 Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.004


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Accession number:20181905139009Title:Study on the specific kinetic energy threshold of fragments impacting initiation on covered composition BAuthors:Liu, Peng-Fei (1); Zhi, Xiao-Qi (1); Yang, Bao-Liang (2); Li, Juan-Juan (3) Author affiliation:(1) National Defense Key Laboratory of Underground Damage Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China; (2) Xi'an Institute of Modern Control Technology, Xi'an; 710065, China; (3) Shanxi West Group, Taiyuan; 030027, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:59-64Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the specific kinetic energy threshold of fragments impacting initiation on covered composition B, the covered composition B with 40Cr shell was impacted by hexagonal prism and cylinder tungsten alloy fragments and the threshold of velocity of covered composition B were measured. The range of specific kinetic energy threshold of fragments impacting initiation on covered composition B was obtained by the calculation method of specific kinetic energy. Using Autodyn-3D software and Lee-Tarver's ignition and growth model, the specific kinetic energy threshold of two kinds of fragments was calculated under the two states of vertical penetration and maximum windward area and the change rule of specific kinetic energy threshold of fragments impacting initiation on covered composition B under the state of maximum windward area was mainly studied. The results show that the specific kinetic energy threshold of hexagonal prism fragment is lower than that of cylinder fragment, and with increasing the length-to-diameter ratio, the specific kinetic energy threshold of fragments first increases and then decreases. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:KineticsControlled terms:Computer simulation - Cylinders (shapes) - Kinetic energy - Prisms - Tungsten alloysUncontrolled terms:Composition-B - Energy thresholds - Fragment impacting - Growth modeling - Hexagonal prism - Impact initiation - Length to diameter ratio - Two-stateClassification code:543.5 Tungsten and Alloys - 723.5 Computer Applications - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.012

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Accession number:20181204915701Title:Shear Experiment and Damage Mode of RDX-based Aluminized ExplosiveAuthors:Zhou, Tao (1); Li, Liang-Liang (1); Qu, Ke-Peng (1); Xiao, Wei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:78-82Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Using shear apparatus equipped with the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) and cutting device, the variation rule of shear force with time and shear stress were obtained through the shear experiment on RDX-based aluminized explosive. Combined with industrial CT images and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, the macro/micro damage mode under shear loading condition was discussed. The results show that under the shear action, there are two extreme stages on the axial stress-strain curves, the first stage is that the stress rapidly increases with a little strain, and the maximum value of this stress is about 50-60MPa; the second stage is that the stress increases first and then unloads as the strain increases, and shear force is 10-37kN in the loading process of this experiment. For small shear force specimen, the shear band mainly concentrats on the central section of loading surface, and for large shear force specimen, the shear band mainly concentrats on near the shear plane.When the specimen thickness is smaller, the damage mode mainly is micro crack of crystal and debonding of crystal and bonding agent matrix, when the thickness of specimen increases, the damage mode of specimen mainly is various forms of crystal. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:17Main heading:LoadingControlled terms:Bridge decks - Computerized tomography - Debonding - Explosives - Scanning electron microscopy - Shear bands - Stress-strain curvesUncontrolled terms:Aluminized explosives - Damage model - Explosive charges - Penetrating warhead - SHPB - Split Hopkinson pressure barsClassification code:401.1 Bridges - 691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 723.5 Computer Applications

Numerical data indexing:Force 1.00e+04N to 3.70e+04NDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.013


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Accession number:20181905139068Title:Effect of Polysulfide Rubber on the Exterior Compatibility and Stability of SZQu PropellantAuthors:Liu, Meng-Yang (1); Lu, Gui-E (1, 2); Jiang, Jin-Yong (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) Ammunition Engineering Department, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (2) Ordnance Technology Research Institute, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:69-72 and 77Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To investigate the effect of polysulfide rubber on the exterior compatibility and stability of SZQu propellant in long-term storage process, the samples aged for 7, 20, 35, 50 and 60d under the condition of 75 ℃ were tested by DSC and gas chromatography (GC). The exterior compatibility was judged by change in decomposition peak temperature, the stability was identified using centralite and characteristic gas content as the evaluation basis. The results show that the decomposition peak temperature of SZQu propellant in the mixed system decreases firstly and then increases with increasing aging time. The decomposition peak temperature of SZQu propellant in the mixed system is higher than that of SZQu propellant in single system after aged for 50d. After aged for 20d, the centralite content of SZQu propellant in the mixed system decreases sharply, revealing that the exterior compatibility between SZQu propellant and polysulfide rubber is poorer. After long time aging, the polysulfide rubber components into SZQu propellant makes the decomposition peak temperature increase and the polysulfide rubber consumes the centralite, making the storage stability of SZQu propellant decrease. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:PropellantsControlled terms:Gas chromatography - Polysulfides - Rubber - Stability

Uncontrolled terms:Aging time - Centralite - Exterior compatibility - Long-term storage - Long-time aging - Mixed systems - Peak temperatures - Storage stabilityClassification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 818.1 Natural Rubber - 818.2.1 Synthetic RubberDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.013


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Accession number:20181905139054Title:Effect of Copper-chromium Catalysts on the Combustion Properties of Low Vulnerability HTPE PropellantAuthors:Zheng, Ting-Ting (1); Gu, Jing-Yan (1); Li, Miao-Miao (1); Chen, Jing-Jing (1); Shen, Xiao-Yin (1); Ji, Ming-Wei (1); Li, Hui (1) Author affiliation:(1) Shanghai Space Propulsion Technology Research Institute, Huzhou; Zhejiang; 313000, China Corresponding author:Li, Miao-Miao([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:94-100Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The effects of copper-chromium catalysts (the copper chromite CC01 and a Cu-Cr composite oxide CC02) on the thermal decomposition behaviors of ammonium perchlorate (AP), modified ammonium nitrate (AN) and HTPE binder for the low-vulnerability HTPE propellant were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is found that the peak temperatures of AP high-temperature decomposition could be decreased by 16 and 29.7℃ after introducing small amounts of CC01 and CC02, respectively. In addition, the activation energies of this reaction step were also decreased by 16.65 and 22.59kJ/mol in the existence of CC01 and CC02, respectively. Thus, both CC01 and CC02 are able to enhance the high-temperature decomposition of AP. As for the modified AN, the decomposition temperatures were lowered by 52.3 and 53.6℃ by the addition of CC01 and CC02, respectively. Similar to AP, the corresponding activation energies of AN are decreased and the reaction rate constants are increased by 3-4 times. Nevertheless, CC01 and CC02 show little effects on the thermal decomposition of HTPE binder. Adding 0.5% of CC01 or CC02 to the AP/AN/Al/HTPE propellant

obviously increases the burning rates at 3-15MPa. Especially, at 7MPa, CC01 and CC02 make the burning rates increase by 34.1% and 43.4%, respectively. On the other hand, CC01 and CC02 had little effect on the pressure exponent of low-vulnerability HTPE propellant under 3-9MPa, while they are effective in reducing the pressure exponent at 9-15MPa. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:19Main heading:Chromium compoundsControlled terms:Activation energy - Binders - Catalyst supports - Combustion - Composite propellants - Copper oxides - Decomposition - Differential scanning calorimetry - Inorganic compounds - Physical chemistry - Propellants - Pyrolysis - Rate constants - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Ammonium perchlorates - Combustion catalyst - Combustion property - Composite oxide - Copper chromite - Decomposition temperature - High-temperature decomposition - Thermal decomposition behaviorClassification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 944.6 Temperature Measurements - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 3.41e+01%, Percentage 4.34e+01%, Percentage 5.00e-01%, Pressure 3.00e+06Pa to 1.50e+07Pa, Pressure 3.00e+06Pa to 9.00e+06Pa, Pressure 7.00e+06Pa, Pressure 9.00e+06Pa to 1.50e+07PaDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.018


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Accession number:20181905139018Title:Synthesis and Properties of Guanidinium Salts of 5-(3-Aminofurazan-4-yl)tetrazol-1-olAuthors:Zhai, Lian-Jie (1, 2); Wang, Bo-Zhou (1, 2); Bi, Fu-Qiang (1, 2); Huo, Huan (1, 2); Li, Ya-Nan (1, 2); Fan, Xue-Zhong (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:17-20 and 35Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry Corporation

Abstract:The guanidinium (2), diaminoguanidinium (3), and guanidylguanidinium (4) salts of 5-(3-aminofurazan-4-yl)tetrazol-1-ol (1) were synthesized with a high yield using malononitrile as raw material, and their structures were characterized by IR, NMR, elemental analysis and thermal analysis. The single crystals of salts 2 and 3 were cultured and their structures were tested by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The impact and friction sensitivities of three kinds of guanidinium salts were tested using the drop hammer method and friction sensitivity tester, and their thermal decomposition process was studied by DSC. The results show that three kinds of guanidinium salts exhibit the impact sensitivity greater than 24J and friction sensitivity greater than 360N and decomposition temperature between 266 and 277℃, revealing good thermal stability. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:15Main heading:Single crystalsControlled terms:Decomposition - Diffraction - Friction - Salts - Thermoanalysis - X raysUncontrolled terms:Azole compound - Furazan - Guanidinium salts - Nitrogen-rich salt - X-ray single-crystal diffractionClassification code:801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 932.1 High Energy Physics - 933.1 Crystalline SolidsNumerical data indexing:Energy 2.40e+01J, Force 3.60e+02NDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.002



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Accession number:20181905139008Title:Effects of doping of Fe3+ on the thermal stability of hydroxylamine nitrate and its mechanismAuthors:Liu, Jian-Guo (1); An, Zhen-Tao (1, 2); Zhang, Qian (1, 2); Li, Tian-Peng (1); Bian, Li-Xin (1); Li, He (3) Author affiliation:(1) Department of Ammunition Engineering, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (2) Military Key Laboratory for Ammunition Support and Safety Evaluation, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (3) Military Representative Office, Shenyang Railway Administration, Tonghua; Jilin; 134000, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Qian([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017

Publication year:2017Pages:53-58Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To investigate the effect of doping of Fe3+ on the thermal stability of hydroxylamine nitrate(HAN), the thermal analysis of HAN aqueous solution with and without Fe3+ doped was carried out at heating rates of 3, 4 and 5K/min. With the help of parameter values from the non-isothermal DSC curves, the kinetic parameters of the thermal decomposition reaction were obtained by Kissinger's method and Ozawa's method. Density functional theoretical method was used to study the influence mechanism. The optimized geometries of NH<inf>2</inf>OH and coordination compound Fe(NH<inf>2</inf>OH)<inf>6</inf>3+ formed by NH<inf>2</inf>OH and Fe3+ were obtained. The bond length of N-H and O-H, Wiberg bond order and molecular frontier orbital distribution were calculated. The results show that Fe3+ doping makes the thermal stability of HAN decrease and the initial decomposition temperature decrease by 16℃, the activation energy increase and pre-exponential factor increase greatly, and the reaction rate of thermal decomposition increase. After coordination compound Fe(NH<inf>2</inf>OH)<inf>6</inf>3+ formed by NH<inf>2</inf>OH and Fe3+, the bond length of N-H and O-H increases, the stretching frequency, Wiberg bond order and electron cloud density around bonds decrease. The bond strength decreases, which lead to the acceleration of the thermal decomposition of HAN. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:18Main heading:Iron compoundsControlled terms:Activation energy - Amines - Bond length - Bond strength (chemical) - Decomposition - Density functional theory - Doping (additives) - Mechanisms - Nitrates - Physical chemistry - Reaction kinetics - Solutions - Thermoanalysis - Thermodynamic stability - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Coordination compounds - Initial decomposition temperatures - Optimized geometries - Preexponential factor - Stretching frequency - Theoretical methods - Thermal decomposition reaction - Thermal safetyClassification code:601.3 Mechanisms - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 801 Chemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 922.1 Probability TheoryDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.011


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Accession number:20181905139019Title:Relationship between Molecular Structure and Properties of the Energetic Materials of Aza-bicyclic NitramineAuthors:Zhou, Chang-Xiao (1); Shen, Cheng (1); Lu, Ming (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China Corresponding author:Lu, Ming([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:21-26 and 52Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The molecular structures of energetic materials of nine aza-bicyclic nitramine with different functional groups and parent ring structure were calculated and studied under B3LYP 6-31++G (d, p) calculation accuracy using density fuctional theory (DFT) with Gassian03 software. The relationship between the structure and properties was analyzed. Their geometry configurations were optimized. The molecular volume and energy etc. were obtained via. calculation. Based on this, the density, detonation properties and sensitivities of the materials were calculated. Through comparison of the molecular structure, the effects of different functional groups and structure of rings on the properties of this kind of energetic materials were studied from the aspects of density, heat of formation, detonation properties and stability etc. The functional groups and structure of bicyclic nitramine compounds were obtained via. comparison. The results show that bicyclic nitramine structure is conducive for stable structure, formation of a compact space layout and improvement of impact sensitivity and density. At the same time, the introduction of carbonyl group and approaching zero oxygen balance are good technology process to improve the performance of such kind of energetic materials. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:24Main heading:Structural propertiesControlled terms:Density functional theory - Detonation - Explosives - Molecular structureUncontrolled terms:Calculation accuracy - Detonation properties - Heat of formation - High energy density materials - Impact sensitivities - Nitramines - Stable structures - Structure and propertiesClassification code:408 Structural Design - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 922.1 Probability Theory - 951 Materials ScienceDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.003

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Accession number:20181905139049Title:Relationship between Crosslink Density and Mechanical Properties in the Aging Process of Casting Polymer Bonded ExplosiveAuthors:Wang, Fang-Fang (1); Chang, Hai (1); Zhang, Lin-Jun (1); Wang, Qiong (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:69-74Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:In order to disclose the relationship between the crosslink density and the mechanical properties, casting polymer bonded explosive (PBX) samples were aged at 70℃. The characterization methods of crosslink density by equilibrium swelling and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were compared and analyzed. The relationship between different mechanical properties at room temperature, including maximum tensile strength (σ<inf>m</inf>), compressive strength (σ<inf>b</inf>), compression ratio (Ε<inf>b</inf>), shear strength (τ) and hardness(SH), and the binder matrix structural crosslinking parameters, including gel fraction (G)and crosslink density (v<inf>e</inf>) were studied. The variation trend of loss factor and viscoelastic modulus at various aging time were analyzed by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA). The results show that crosslink density increases at the beginning of aging, decreases in the middle of aging and then increases at the last stage of aging again. NMR is regarded as a promising characterization method of the crosslink density for casting PBX due to its simple, fast, high-precision and nondestructive nature. During the aging process, linear relationship between different mechanical properties and crosslink density is evaluated for casting PBX, and the decreasing of mechanical loss is caused by increasing of binder matrix G and v<inf>e</inf>. Moreover, the degradations and crosslinking are caused by changing of the structures of binder matrix. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:18Main heading:Density (specific gravity)Controlled terms:Binders - Compressive strength - Crosslinking - Explosives - Mechanical properties - Nuclear magnetic resonance - Physical chemistry - Tensile strength

Uncontrolled terms:Characterization methods - Cross-link densities - DMA method - Dynamic thermomechanical analysis - Equilibrium swelling - Linear relationships - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) - Polymer bonded explosivesClassification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 951 Materials ScienceDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.013


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Accession number:20181905139094Title:Effect of 1, 5-Diazido-3-nitrazpent on the Muzzle Flash of Gun PropellantsAuthors:Hu, Rui (1); Yang, Wei-Tao (1); Shi, Xian-Rui (1); Jia, Yong-Jie (1); Zhao, Bao-Ming (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Yang, Wei-Tao([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:102-106Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of 1, 5-diazido-3-nitrazpent (DIANP) on the muzzle flash of gun propellant, taking 14.5mm ballistic gun as the experimental platform, the muzzle flash parameters of gun propellant with different content of DIANP were measured by high speed camera. The effect of DIANP content and charge mass on the area(A), maximum diameter(C), average diameter(D<inf>mean</inf>) and integral optical density(IOD) of the muzzle flash was analyzed. The structure and lasting process of primary, intermediate, secondary flash for the muzzle flash of azidonitramine gun propellan were analyzed. The results show that the impetus is increased from 1170kJ/kg to 1189kJ/kg and then decreases after the addition of DIANP in double-base gun propellant.The detonation temperature of gun propellant basically reveals a linear decrease. The detonation temperature and combustible gas composition together affect the formation of muzzle flash. With the addition of DIANP, the combustible gas content in combustion products increases but the detonation temperature of gun propellant effectively decreases. Compared with double-base gun propellant without DIANP, DIANP can reduce the area, maximum diameter, average diameter and integral optical density of the muzzle flash. As

the mass fraction of DIANP is 12.5%, the azidonitramine gun propellant sample has no production of secondary flash and the flash duration time is only 8ms, which is reduced by 71% compared with traditional double-base gun propellant. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:11Main heading:PropellantsControlled terms:Combustion - Density (optical) - Density measurement (optical) - Detonation - High speed camerasUncontrolled terms:1, 5-diazido-3-nitrazpent - Azidonitramine - Combustion gas - DIANP - Gun barrels - Gun propellants - Impetus - Muzzle flashClassification code:741.1 Light/Optics - 742.2 Photographic EquipmentNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.25e+01%, Percentage 7.10e+01%, Size 1.45e-02m, Specific_Energy 1.17e+06J/kg to 1.19e+06J/kg, Time 8.00e-03sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.019


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Accession number:20181905139015Title:Method of predicting the storage life of a tri-base gun propellantAuthors:Gu, Yan (1); Zhang, Dong-Mei (1); Zhang, Lin-Jun (1); Wang, Qiong (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:91-96Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The thermal accelerated aging test of a tri-base gun propellant at 95, 90, 85, 75 and 65℃ was performed. Taking the change of stabilizer content in the aging process as the original data, the life of the gun propellant under different temperature mode was estimated and calculated by Berthelot's equation and modified Arrhenius equation. And the predicted results were compared and verified with the natural storage ones. The results show that when the decomposition depth of stabilizer is 6.6%, the prediction result obtained by Arrhenius equation has higher accuracy, whereas when the decomposition depth of stabilizer is 50%, the prediction result obtained by Berthelot's equation is more available. © 2017, Editorial Board of

Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:13Main heading:Digital storageControlled terms:Forecasting - Kinetic parameters - Propellants - TestingUncontrolled terms:Accelerated aging test - Arrhenius equation - Berthelot - Decomposition depths - Gun propellants - Modified arrhenius equations - Safe storage - Temperature modesClassification code:722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityNumerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 6.60e+00%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.018


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Accession number:20181905139036Title:Effect of Potassium Salts on the Smoke and Flame Characteristics during Static Combustion of Gun PropellantAuthors:He, Chang-Hui (1); Wang, Qiong-Lin (1); Wei, Lun (1); Liu, Shao-Wu (1); Zhang, Yuan-Bo (1); Liu, Bo (1); Han, Bing (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Wang, Qiong-Lin([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:102-106Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of potassium salts on the smoke and flame characteristics during static combustion of gun propellant, taking the gun propellant samples containing potassium salt as the object, the effects of potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, new organic potassium salts (DK, HK, LK, JK and PK)on the flame morphology, flame peak temperature and the visible light transmittance of smoke during gun propellant combustion were researched by using single amplification photography, micro thermocouple temperature measurement method and double light path transmission system. The results show that the inorganic potassium salt K<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> has the best inhibition effect on the size and peak temperature of flame for the static combustion of gun propellant, but it can make the visible light transmittance

of smoke greatly reduce for the static combustion of gun propellant. The organic potassium salts DK, HK and LK with high oxygen content have better inhibition effect on the size and peak temperature of flame for the static combustion of gun propellant. Besides, the visible light transmittance of smoke for the static combustion of propellant containing organic potassium salt is relatively high. The visible light transmittance of smoke for three kinds of the propellant containing organic potassium salt with high oxygen content (LK, DK and HK) is greater than 50%.When the particle size of the potassium salts is reduced from 104μm to 5μm, the antiflash effect is improved, but the change of the visible light transmittance of smoke is not consistent. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:CombustionControlled terms:Light - Light transmission - Oxygen - Particle size - Potash - Potassium Nitrate - Propellants - Salts - Smoke - Sulfur compounds - Temperature measurement - ThermocouplesUncontrolled terms:Flame characteristics - Gun propellants - Micro thermocouples - Peak temperatures - Potassium salts - Temperature measurement methods - Transmission systems - Visible light transmittancesClassification code:741.1 Light/Optics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 944.5 Temperature Measuring Instruments - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+01%, Size 1.04e-04m to 5.00e-06mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.020


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Accession number:20181905139023Title:Synthesis and Characterization of 1H-imidazolium-4, 5-dinitrile Dioxides HydrochlorideAuthors:Wu, Min-Jie (1, 2); Li, Xiang-Zhi (1, 2); Bi, Fu-Qiang (1, 2); Li, Ya-Nan (1, 2); Zhou, Yan-Shui (1); Wang, Bo-Zhou (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:41-46Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Using 4, 5-dicyanoiazole as starting material, a novel energetic compound 1H-imidazolium-4, 5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride with total yield of 58.2% was self-designed and synthesized by addition reaction of hydroxylamine to cyanide, diazo-substitution reaction and hydrolysis reactions eliminating chlorine hydride. The structures of target compound and intermediates were characterized by IR, NMR and elemental analysis. Single crystal of the intermediate 4, 5-dichloroximidoimidiazolium hydrochloride was cultured.The SHELXTL program was used to analyze the X-ray data of single crystal to get the structure parameters of crystal. Thermal decomposition property of 1H-imidazolium-4, 5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride was studied by DSC. The results show that 4, 5-dichloroximidoimidiazolium hydrochloride belongs to orthorhombic crystal system, the space group is Pna2(1), and molecular weight is 259.47 with density of 1.699 g/cm3. The exothermic reaction of 1H-imidazolium-4, 5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride starts from 140.23℃ with two exothermic peaks at 162.73℃ and 177.73℃, and the exothermic reaction is ended at 208.48℃, showing that the structure of 1H-imidazolium-4, 5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride is stable. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:24Main heading:Single crystalsControlled terms:Addition reactions - Amines - Crystal structure - Cyanides - Decomposition - Exothermic reactions - Nitrogen oxides - Pyrolysis - Reaction kinetics - Substitution reactions - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:4, 5-dicyanoiazole - Decomposition property - Energetic compounds - Imidazolium - Nitrile oxides - Orthorhombic crystal system - Structure parameter - Synthesis and characterizationsClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 933.1.1 Crystal LatticeNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.70e+03kg/m3, Percentage 5.82e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.007


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Accession number:20181905139031Title:Numerical Simulation on the Jet Characteristics of a Truncated Linear Shaped ChargeAuthors:Guan, Rong (1); Zhang, Shu-Hai (1); Li, Qi-Fa (2); Gou, Rui-Jun (1); Chen, Ya-Hong (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China; (2) Security Corps of Department of Public Security of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan; 030001, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Shu-Hai([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40

Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:80-84Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To achieve the linear shaped charge jet with better characteristics, a truncated linear liner with rectangular auxiliary liner charge structure was designed. Six new charge structures and the traditional charge structure were simulated and calculated by the ANSYS/LS-DYNA 3D finite element program. The effect of rectangular auxiliary liner width and truncated gap length on the linear jet characteristics was analyzed. The results show that the maxium velocity of linear jet head formed by this new structure is overall higher than traditional linear shaped charge jet; and the linear jet shape is longer and thinner, the slug is relatively small, and the quality utilization rate of liner is higher. In the six sets of schemes, when the rectangular auxiliary liner width is 1.0cm and truncated gap is 0.4cm, the velocity of linear jet head formed by this structure is the maximum of 3.58km/s with better continuity, maximum effective width. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Shaped chargesControlled terms:Computer simulation - Jets - Numerical modelsUncontrolled terms:3-D finite elements - Auxiliary liner - Charge structure - Effective width - Jet characteristics - Linear shaped charges - Truncation - Utilization ratesClassification code:631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921 MathematicsNumerical data indexing:Size 1.00e-02m, Size 4.00e-03m, Velocity 3.58e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.015


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Accession number:20181204915691Title:Effect of Magnesium Atom on CL-20-A DFT TreatmentAuthors:Türker, Lemi (1) Author affiliation:(1) Department of Chemistry Üniversiteler, Middle East Technical University, Ankara; 06231, Turkey Corresponding author:Türker, Lemi([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6

Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:17-22Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The effect of magnesium atom on 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazaisowurtizane (HNIW, CL-20) explosive is considered within the constraints of density functional theory at the level of B3LYP/6-31++G(d, p). The Mg atom transfers some electron population to CL-20 and one of the nitro groups linked to 6-membered piperazine ring system (base) is expelled in the prenitrite form. The total Mulliken charges on the NO<inf>2</inf> group reveals that the respective nitramine bond in CL-20 is the most susceptible one to impact. The calculated IR and UV-VIS spectra are investigated. The effect of Mg atom on the molecular orbital energies, especially the HOMO and LUMO has been discussed. Narrowing of the interfrontier molecular orbital energy gap (ΔΕ) in the composite system occurs. Therefore, the composite system is more susceptible to impact compared to CL-20. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:34Main heading:Density functional theoryControlled terms:Atoms - Explosives - Magnesium - Molecular orbitalsUncontrolled terms:Atom transfer - Electron population - Hexanitro hexaazaisowurtizane - IR and UV-Vis spectrum - Magnesium atom - Molecular orbital energy - Mulliken charges - Piperazine ringClassification code:542.2 Magnesium and Alloys - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular PhysicsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.003


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Accession number:20181905139020Title:Synthesis of Flower-like α-Co(OH)<inf>2</inf> and Their Catalytic Effect for the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium PerchlorateAuthors:Wang, Meng-Meng (1); Ma, Yong-Jun (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621010, China; (2) Analytical and Testing Center, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621010, China Corresponding author:Ma, Yong-Jun([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao Xuebao

Volume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:27-30 and 46Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Flower-like α-Co(OH)<inf>2</inf> spherical nanoparticles were synthesized using cobalt chloride hexahydrate, sodium hydrooxide and ammonia water as raw materials at room temperature under the condition of no surfactant. The component, morphology and structure of α-Co(OH)<inf>2</inf> nanoparticles were characterized with X-ray diffractometer (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The effect of flower-like α-Co(OH)<inf>2</inf> nanoparticles on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was studied by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).The results show that α-Co(OH)<inf>2</inf> particles, which is a flower shaped structure composed of nanosheets, are spherical, its particle size is relatively uniform, and the diameter of the nanometer flower is 300-400nm. When the addition amount of α-Co(OH)<inf>2</inf> is 3%(mass fraction), the decomposition temperature of AP is 281℃, decreases by 158℃ compared with pure AP, and the decomposition heat is 1502J/g, showing that flower-like α-Co(OH)<inf>2</inf> has an excellent catalytic effect for thermal decomposition of AP. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:25Main heading:Cobalt compoundsControlled terms:Ammonium hydroxide - Chlorine compounds - Decomposition - Differential scanning calorimetry - Field emission microscopes - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Inorganic compounds - Nanoparticles - Particle size - Pyrolysis - Scanning electron microscopy - Sodium compounds - Synthesis (chemical) - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Ammonium perchlorates - Catalytic effects - Decomposition temperature - Differential scanning calorimeters - Field emission scanning electron microscopy - Fourier transform infrared spectrometer - Morphology and structures - Nanometer materialClassification code:741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933 Solid State Physics - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsNumerical data indexing:Size 3.00e-07m to 4.00e-07m, Specific_Energy 1.50e+06J/kgDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.004


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Accession number:20181905139044Title:Preparation and Characterization of HMX/ANPZO Cocrystal ExplosivesAuthors:Liu, Hao-Nan (1); Wang, Jian-Hua (1); Liu, Yu-Cun (1); Yu, Yan-Wu (1); Yuan, Jun-Ming (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Corresponding author:Wang, Jian-Hua([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:47-51 and 56Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The intermolecular interaction, binding energy and cohesive energy density for cyclotetramethylenetetramine(HMX) molecule, 2, 6-diamino-3, 5-dinitropyrazine- 1-oxide(ANPZO) molecule and HMX/ANPZO cocrystal molecule were calculated by molecular dynamic method. HMX/ANPZO cocrystal explosive was prepared by gas phase diffusion method. Their structures were characterized by infrared spectrum(IR), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and the mechnical sensitivity of HMX/ANPZO cocrystal explosives was tested. The results indicate that the intermolecular interaction of HMX/ANPZO is greater than that of ANPZO and HMX. Compared with HMX and ANPZO, the crystal structure and thermal decomposition characteristics of HMX/ANPZO cocrystal explosive are greatly changed. The characteristic drop height of HMX/ANPZO cocrystal explosive is 59cm, which is 96.7% higher than that of HMX.The theoretical detonation velocity reaches 9060m/s. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:23Main heading:Molecular dynamicsControlled terms:Binding energy - Crystal structure - Decomposition - Detonation - Differential scanning calorimetry - Diffusion in gases - Gases - HMX - MoleculesUncontrolled terms:ANPZO - Co-crystals - Cohesive energy density - Decomposition characteristics - Detonation velocity - Gas phase diffusion - Infrared spectrum - Intermolecular interactionsClassification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 9.67e+01%, Size 5.90e-01m, Velocity 9.06e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.008

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Accession number:20181905139070Title:Experiment of Mechanical Intensity and Combustion Completeness of Combustible Seals in Gun Propellant ChargeAuthors:Yan, Wen-Rong (1); Wang, Qiong-Lin (1); Zhang, Yu-Cheng (1); Li, Qiang (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:78-81 and 101Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To reduce the combustion debris of certain gun propellant charge, the experimental research of mechanical intensity and combustion completeness for combustible seals was carried out. The compression of combustible seals and conventional papery seals were measured and compared. The structure strength of gun propellant charge with combustible seals was tested by gun loaded ramming impact test and transportation test on field road. The apparent burning rates of combustible seals were tested by a closed bomb test. The structure strength and combustion completeness of gun propellant charge with combustible seals were validated by an interior ballistic test. The results show that the compression of combustible underprop is two times as conventional paper underprop. The compression of combustible cover is about 40% as conventional paper cover, and about 80% as conventional paper underprop. The mechanical intensity of combustible seals can meet the structure integrity of gun propellant charge in ramming and transportation process. Under the pressure of 50-150MPa, the burning rate of combustible seals is 8 times faster than that of ADiGu gun propellant. The combustible seals can be burnt before gun propellant under the same burning environment in bore. And there is no combustion debris in front of muzzle after firing.The combustion in the interior ballistic process is complete without second flame and residue in front of muzzle. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:PropellantsControlled terms:Ballistics - Combustion - Compaction - DebrisUncontrolled terms:Burning rate - Closed bomb test - Experimental research - Gun propellants - Interior ballistic - Structure integrity - Structure strength - Transportation process

Classification code:404.1 Military EngineeringNumerical data indexing:Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Pressure 5.00e+07Pa to 1.50e+08PaDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.015


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Accession number:20181905139074Title:Numerical Simulation on the Jet Formed by Hemispherical Shaped Charge with Length-to-diameter Ratio of ChargeAuthors:Zhang, Wan-Jun (1); Li, Guo-Hui (1); Wang, Kai-Lin (1); Wu, Xiao-Ying (1) Author affiliation:(1) Department of Arms Engineering, Academy of Armored Force Engineering, Beijing; 100072, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:98-101Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To obtain an uniform and difficultly disrupt jet, a finite element model with different length-to-diameter ratios of charge was established by a two-dimensional multi-material pure ALE algorithm of ANSYS/LS -DYNA software. The process of jet produced by six kinds of hemispherical shaped charge with different length-to-diameter ratios was numerically simulated. The effect of six kinds of length-to-diameter ratio of charge on the jet forming at the same time and the same time period was compared and analyzed. The results show that at 70.5μs, with the increase of the length-to-diameter ratio of charge from 0.8 to 1.8, the head velocity of jet increases by 31.9% and the length of jet decreases by 23.2%. At the 46.5-70.5μs period, the length-to-diameter ratio of jet increases similarly linearly with time. The jet is not easy to break and has the best uniformity when the length-to-diameter ratio of charge is about 1.2. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Shaped chargesControlled terms:Computer simulation - Numerical modelsUncontrolled terms:ALE algorithms - ANSYS/LS-DYNA - Head velocity - Length to diameter ratio - Liner - Metal jet - Multi materials - Time-periods

Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 921 MathematicsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 2.32e+01%, Percentage 3.19e+01%, Time 4.65e-05s to 7.05e-05s, Time 7.05e-05sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.019


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Accession number:20181905139014Title:Theoretical investigation of energetic characteristics of AP/Al/SMX/HTPB quard-propellantAuthors:Hou, Bin (1); Tang, Xiao-Bo (1); Cao, Yi-Lin (1); He, Jin-Xuan (1) Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang; Hubei; 441003, China Corresponding author:Cao, Yi-Lin([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:85-90Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The effect of replacing ammonium perchlorate(AP) in AP/Al/HTPB with 2, 3-bis(hydroxymethyl) -2, 3-dinitro-1, 4-butanediol tetranitrate(SMX)and HMX on the energy performance of formulation was calculated and compared by a propellant performance evaluation software. The energy of AP/Al/SMX/HTPB and AP/Al/HMX/HTPB composite solid propellants and standard motor working process were simulated and calculated by a high temperature chemical equilibrium code. The results show that compared with HMX, SMX can more effectively enhance the energy level of HTPB composite solid propellants in a much larger proportion. In the formulation containing 14% HTPB and 18%Al in mass fraction, SMX can increase the equilibrium specific impulse (I<inf>sp</inf>) up to 2622.5 N·s/kg, which is 27.5N·s/kg higher than the optimized HTPB/Al/AP tri-propellant. In the formulation containing 14% HTPB and 15%Al in mass fraction, after replacing HMX with SMX, the I<inf>sp</inf> can reach to 2634.2N·s/kg, which is 39. 2N·s/kg higher than the optimized HTPB/Al/AP tri-propellant. In the formulation of 15%Al, 12%HTPB and 10%HTPB in mass fraction, the mass fraction of SMX can respectively reach 45% and 65%, and the maximum I<inf>sp</inf> can reach 2652.9 and 2679.3N·s/kg, which are 57.9 and 84.3N·s/kg higher than HTPB tri-propellants, respectively. In the formulation without Al

or with a low content of Al, SMX can replace all of the AP. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:HTPB propellantsControlled terms:Aluminum - Composite propellants - Explosives - Inorganic compounds - Solid propellantsUncontrolled terms:Ammonium perchlorates - Composite solid propellant - Energetic characteristics - Energetic oxidizer - HTPB - Nitrate esters - Performance evaluations - Theoretical investigationsClassification code:541.1 Aluminum - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 4.50e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.017


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Accession number:20181905138999Title:Progress of study on the application of plasma techniques in explosive initiationAuthors:Xue, Le-Xing (1); Feng, Xiao-Jun (1); Wang, Xiao-Feng (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Feng([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:7-13Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The plasma techniques of exploding bridge wire, mainly including exploding bridge wire plasma techniques in vacuum, air and underwater were introduced, and according to the mode of plasma produced by exploding bridge wire mode and semiconductor bridge mode, the research progresses on the application of plasma techniques in explosive initiation were summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of plasma initiation modes were contrasted. The mechanism of initiating the explosives by plasma was analyzed. It was pointed out that the key points of the research in the future on explosives initiated by plasma should be studied on the characteristics of high energy explosives under the direct initiation of

plasma, as well as the chemical kinetics of the interaction between high energy explosives and plasma. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:55Main heading:Initiators (explosives)Controlled terms:Bridge cables - Exploding wires - ExplosivesUncontrolled terms:Direct initiations - High-energy explosives - In-vacuum - Initiation - Keypoints - Plasma initiation - Plasma techniques - Semiconductor bridgesClassification code:401.1 Bridges - 404.1 Military Engineering - 704 Electric Components and EquipmentDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.002


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Accession number:20181905139082Title:Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Performance of PPESK and PPESK/Ε-CL-20 Composite SystemAuthors:Wang, Ke (1); Shu, Yuan-Jie (1); Liu, Ning (1); Wang, Xiao-Chuan (1); Shu, Yao (2); Wu, Zong-Kai (1); Ding, Xiao-Yong (2); Lu, Ying-Ying (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Electrical and Mechanical College, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China Corresponding author:Shu, Yuan-Jie([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:38-43 and 49Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:A new poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) was designed by introducing azide and amine into phthalazinone, and its effects on the stability and mechanical properties of Ε-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (Ε-CL-20) were studied. Based on COMPASS force field, the amorphous cell of PPESK was constructed and its density and glass transition temperature were studied. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of interface crystal model composed of four main growth face of Ε-CL-20 and PPESK were performed, and the cohesive energy densities, binding energies and mechanical properties of PPESK/Ε-CL-20

composite system were obtained. The results show that the density and glass transition temperature of PPESK obtained by calculation are accurate compared with literature. The difference of the solubility parameters (Δδ) between Ε-CL-20 and PPESK is 8.512 (J/cm3)1/2, indicating that they have certain compatibility. The order of binding energy between PPESK and the main growth face of Ε-CL-20 is (0 1 1) > (0 0 2) > (1 0 -1) > (1 1 0). In which, the proportion of (0 1 1) face is 38.2% and it is the largest one; the mechanical coefficients of four kinds of PPESK/Ε-CL-20 composite system are greatly decreased, indicating that the addition of PPESK can effectively reduce the rigidity and isotropy of Ε-CL-20, and the plasticity of systems can be enhanced. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:27Main heading:Glass transitionControlled terms:Binding energy - Complexation - Ethers - Glass - Ketones - Mechanical properties - Molecular dynamics - TemperatureUncontrolled terms:Cohesive energy density - COMPASS force field - Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane - Mechanical coefficients - Molecular dynamics simulations - Poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) - PPESK - Solubility parametersClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 812.3 Glass - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 3.82e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.007


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Accession number:20181905139064Title:Application of Lanthanide Sulfonate Catalysts in Synthesis of CL-20Authors:Yang, Chao-Fei (1); Shi, Lei (1); Qiao, Juan (2); Qian, Hua (1, 3); Liu, Da-Bin (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (3) National Supervision and Inspection Center for Industrial Explosive Materials, Nanjing; 210094, China Corresponding author:Qian, Hua([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:19-23Language:Chinese

ISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Aiming at the drawbacks of long reaction time and low yield during N<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>/HNO<inf>3</inf> nitrifying tetraacetylhexaazaisowurtziane (TAIW) to hexanitro-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), CL-20 was synthesized via nitration of TAIW with N<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>/HNO<inf>3</inf>, taking five kinds of lanthanide sulfonates including methanesulfonates, benzenesulfonates, p-toluenesulfonates, 2-naphthalenesulfonates and trifluoromethanesulfonates as catalysts. The effects of lanthanide sulfonate species, dosage, reaction time and recycle times on the yield and purity of CL-20 were studied. Results show that samarium sulfonates are found to be the most effective catalyst among the catalysts investigated and the Sm(Tos)<inf>3</inf> shows the best catalytic activity. When the reaction temperature is 65-75℃, the reaction time is 4h, and the ratio of materials is m(Sm(Tos)<inf>3</inf>):m(TAIW):m(N<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>):V(HNO<inf>3</inf>)=0.3g:3g:4g:15mL, the yield and purity of CL-20 are 95.2% and 98.6%, respectively. After reused five times, the catalytic perfomance of this catalyst is not obviously reduced. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:21Main heading:Catalyst activityControlled terms:Rare earth elementsUncontrolled terms:Hexanitro-hexaazaisowurtzitane - N2O5 - Nitration reactions - TAIW - TetraacetylhexaazaisowurtzianeClassification code:547.2 Rare Earth Metals - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products GenerallyNumerical data indexing:Percentage 9.52e+01%, Percentage 9.86e+01%, Time 1.44e+04s, Volume 1.50e-05m3DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.004


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Accession number:20181905139080Title:Effect of Al@GAP Composite Particles on Thermal Decomposition Performance of LLM-105Authors:Zeng, Cheng-Cheng (1); Gong, Fei-Yan (1); Liu, Shi-Jun (1) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621900, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017

Pages:27-32Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To prevent the oxidative inactivation of aluminum powders during storage, and provide references for formulation design of aluminized explosives, aluminum powders with different size were coated and modified using glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) to obtain Al@GAP composite particles. The surface morphologies of the composite particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission election microscope (TEM). The thermal decomposition processes of (Al@GAP)/LLM-105 mixture with different mass ratio were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the composite particles with core-shell structure of different size of aluminum powders coated with GAP are obtained through two-step coating method. Compared with micro-Al powder before coating, the decomposition temperature of Al nanoparticles coated by GAP is obviously reduced. When the mass fraction of Al powder is more than 10%, the entropy change (ΔS≠) and enthalpy change (ΔH≠) for the mixed system of adding GAP were lower than those of Al/LLM-105. The activation energy, critical temperature of thermal explosion and the thermodynamic parameters ΔS≠ and ΔH≠ of (Al@GAP)/LLM-105 mixed system decrease with increasing the content of Al nanoparticles, when the mass fraction of Al powder is 30%, they reduced by 4kJ/mol, 3℃, 4.3J/(mol·K) and 4.2kJ/mol compared with LLM-105, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:27Main heading:Aluminum coatingsControlled terms:Activation energy - Composite materials - Decomposition - Differential scanning calorimetry - Nanoparticles - Physical chemistry - Plastic coatings - Powders - Pyrolysis - Reaction kinetics - Scanning electron microscopy - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Decomposition performance - Decomposition temperature - Glycidyl azide polymer - LLM-105 - Nano- al - Oxidative inactivation - Thermal decomposition process - Thermodynamic parameterClassification code:761 Nanotechnology - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 813.2 Coating Materials - 933 Solid State Physics - 944.6 Temperature Measurements - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.005


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Accession number:20181204915698

Title:Detonation Property Measurement of Explosive Containing B/Al by Spring Electric Pin MethodAuthors:Li, Xing-Long (1, 2); Liu, Qing-Jie (1, 2); Song, Qing-Guan (1, 2); Gao, Da-Yuan (1, 2); Zheng, Bao-Hui (1); Cao, Wei (1, 2); Xiao, Chun (1); Tan, Kai-Yuan (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621900, China; (2) Robust Munitions Center, CAEP, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621900, China Corresponding author:Gao, Da-Yuan([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:59-65Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To explore the application of B/Al compound powder in thermosetting plastic bonded explosive, six kinds of HMX based explosives containing boron (B) and aluminum (Al) were designed and prepared by adding oxidizer ammonium perchlorate (AP), B/Al compound powder and binder hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB). Three kinds of Φ50mm explosive cylinders containing B/Al with shell and without shell were prepared respectively. The spring electric pin method was applied to measure detonation velocities of explosive cylinders with shell and without shell respectively. The detonation pressures were calculated by the experienced formula and relative dent depth method respectively, the influence of B/Al compound powder content on detonation property was discussed. The results show that the explosives GH-4, GH-5, GH-6 are solidified by manual casting, the densities of Φ50mm explosive cylinders are between 1.530-1.570g/cm3, the detonation velocities are between 6.900-7.400mm/μs, and the detonation pressures are about 19GPa, the manual casting is suitable for screening of explosive formulas; While the explosives PF-1, PF-2 and PF-3 are solidified by void vibration casting, the densities of Φ50mm explosive cylinders are about 1.693g/cm3, the detonation velocities are between 7.800-8.000mm/μs, and the detonation pressures are about 24GPa. The explosive PF-3 with B/Al compound powder mass ratio of 1∶1 and mass fraction of 20%, the combination effect of metalized explosive leads a little of B/Al compound powder to take reaction in reaction area, comparing to other formulas, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of explosive are higher. It indicates that the spring electric pin method can be an additional method for detonation velocity measurement, and it can be adopted if copper foil electric pin method can't be taken. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:19Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Cylinders (shapes) - Inorganic compounds - Polybutadienes - Shells (structures) -

VelocityUncontrolled terms:Aluminum (Al) - Ammonium perchlorates - Combination effects - Detonation pressure - Detonation properties - Detonation velocity - Hydroxyl terminated polybutadienes - Plastic bonded explosivesClassification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic PolymersNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.53e+03kg/m3 to 1.57e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.69e+03kg/m3, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Pressure 1.90e+10Pa, Pressure 2.40e+10PaDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.010


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Accession number:20181905139084Title:Theoretical Calculation of the Random Interaction and Co-crystal Interaction of CL-20/HMXAuthors:Tao, Jun (1); Wang, Xiao-Feng (1); Zhao, Sheng-Xiang (1); Han, Zhong-Xi (1); Li, Wen-Hong (1); Wang, Cai-Ling (1); Huang, Ya-Feng (1); Fang, Wei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Feng([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:50-55Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To compare the random interaction and co-crystal interaction in hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)/ cyclotetramethylenete-tranitramine (HMX) explosive molecules, four kinds of random configurations I, II, III and IV were optimized by 6-311++G(d, p) basis set of B3LYP method based on density fuctional theory(DFT).The geometric structure, electrostatic potential, energy and electron density topology of four kinds of random configurations were analyzed respectively. The radial distribution function of H atom and O atom in the co-crystal structure was calculated by the molecular dynamics method. The density and detonation velocity of co-crystal with different CL-20/HMX molar ratios were calculated. The results show that hydrogen bonds exist in four kinds of CL-20/HMX random configurations, and the hydrogen bond length is between 0.2742 and 0.2964nm. The stability of four kinds of random configurations decreases in the order of IV>III>II>I, which mainly depends on the

number of hydrogen bonds and the bond length. The order of the electron density ρ(r) at the bond critical point (BCP) of four kinds of random configurations decreases in the order of IV>III>II>I.Not only hydrogen bonds interactions in form of H…O and H…N but also Van der Waals forces in form of N…O and C…O exist between CL-20 and HMX molecules. The interactions between CL-20 and HMX in the co-crystal structure are mainly hydrogen bonds and strong Van der Waals forces, and the hydrogen bond length is 0.22nm. The theoretical density of CL-20/HMX co-crystal with molar ratio of 2:1 is 2.003g/cm3, and the theoretical detonation velocity is 9608m/s. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:18Main heading:Hydrogen bondsControlled terms:Bond length - Carrier concentration - Crystal atomic structure - Detonation - Distribution functions - Electron density measurement - HMX - Molecular dynamics - Molecules - Van der Waals forcesUncontrolled terms:Co-crystals - Electron-density topology - Electrostatic potentials - Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane - Intermoleuclar interaction - Molecular dynamics methods - Radial distribution functions - Theoretical calculationsClassification code:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 922.1 Probability Theory - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.00e+03kg/m3, Size 2.20e-10m, Size 2.74e-10m to 2.96e-10m, Velocity 9.61e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.009


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Accession number:20181905139046Title:Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties of Potassium DinitramideAuthors:Lei, Qing (1); Lu, Yan-Hua (1); He, Jin-Xuan (1) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology, Xiangyang; Hubei; 441003, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:57-59 and 64Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFP

Document type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Potassium dinitramide (KDN) was synthesized using N-guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN) and KOH as raw materials. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The single crystal of KDN was cultured and its structure was determined by X-ray single-crystal diffractometer. The thermal decomposition behavior of KDN was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and its sensitivities were tested. The results show that the crystal of KDN belongs to monoclinic system, its space group is P2(1)/n with crystal parameters of a=0.6610(11) nm, b=0.9272 (15) nm, c=0.7194 (12) nm, β=97.568(3) °, V=0.4371(12) nm3; Z=4; D<inf>c</inf>=2.236g/cm3; F(0 0 0)= 288.The melting point of KDN is 128 ℃, and its sensitivities are lower than RDX with impact sensitivity of greater than 50cm, friction sensitivity of 0, and electrostatic sensitivity of 142.53mJ, showing that KDN is a kind of dinitramide insensitive energetic material. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Crystal structureControlled terms:Decomposition - Differential scanning calorimetry - Explosives - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Potassium hydroxide - Single crystals - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Differential scanning calorimeters - Dinitramide - Electrostatic sensitivity - Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy - Insensitive energetic materials - Organic Chemistry - Sensitivity - Thermal decomposition behaviorClassification code:801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsNumerical data indexing:Energy 1.43e-01J, Size 5.00e-01mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.010


<RECORD 57>

Accession number:20181905139063Title:Regulation of the Combustion Properties for GAP Propellant with High Energy and Low SignatureAuthors:Song, Qin (1); Dai, Zhi-Gao (1); Yin, Bi-Wen (1); Xiang, Li (1); Wu, Jing-Han (1) Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang; Hubei; 441003, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017

Pages:60-63Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The effects of nitramine variety, content and granularity of solid component, plasticizing ratio of plasticizer and GAP binders, and burning-rate catalysts on the combustion properties of GAP propellant with high energy and low signature under 11-19MPa were studied. Results show that the burning rate of the propellant sample is higher and the pressure exponents decrease from 0.72 to 0.63 when HMX is substituted for RDX in the propellant samples. As the total mass fraction of AP and HMX is 67.5%, the burning rate increases gradually and the pressure exponent decreases from 0.82 to 0.45 with increasing the mass fraction of AP from 5% to 30%. Reducing the granularity of AP, adding the burning-rate catalysts and adjusting the ratios of transition metal compounds J<inf>1</inf> and J<inf>2</inf>, can greatly increase the burning rate of the propellant and reduce the pressure exponent. In which, when the total mass fraction of J<inf>1</inf> and J<inf>2</inf> is 3% and the ratios of J<inf>1</inf> and J<inf>2</inf> are 2:1 and 1:1, the pressure exponents of the propellant are smaller, which are 0.50 and 0.48 respectively. With reducing the granularity of HMX and decreasing the plasticizing ratios of plasticizers and GAP binders, the burning rates and pressure exponents of the propellants reduce. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:6Main heading:PropellantsControlled terms:Binders - Catalysts - Combustion - Explosives - Plasticizers - Precious metal compounds - Refractory metal compounds - Reinforced plastics - Solvents - Transition metalsUncontrolled terms:Burning rate - Burning rate catalyst - Combustion property - Glycidyl azide polymer - Mass fraction - Nitramines - Pressure exponents - Solid componentsClassification code:531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 817.1 Polymer ProductsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+00% to 3.00e+01%, Percentage 6.75e+01%, Pressure 1.10e+07Pa to 1.90e+07PaDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.011


<RECORD 58>

Accession number:20181204915689Title:Active Suppression Technology of Gun Mount Vibration during Firing of Large Caliber GunAuthors:Wang, Qiong-Lin (1); Li, Qiang (1); Gou, Bing-Wang (1); Zhang, Jiang-Bo (1); Jia, Yong-Jie (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants

Abbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:1-6Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To actively suppress the vibration of gun mount during firing of large caliber gun, an assessment method of the gun mount vibration based on vibration acceleration test was presented. The factors affecting the gun propellant and charge of gun mount vibration in the firing process of gun were analyzed and gun mount vibration tests in the firing process were performed. Based on this work, a tri-base gun propellant and charge scheme were put forward and a comparison test with single-base gun propellant charge scheme was carried out. The results show that the acceleration of gun mount vibration for tri-base gun propellant charge scheme decreases by 22.1%. The gun muzzle has no secondary flame. The vibration assessment method can be used to effectively assess the characteristic values of gun launching vibration. Controlling the bore pressure characteristics of charge is the key technology approach to reduce the vibrication of gun mount. Eliminating the secondary flame of gun muzzle is beneficial to significantly reduce the gun mount vibration. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:4Main heading:Vibration analysisControlled terms:Ammunition - PropellantsUncontrolled terms:Active suppression - Characteristic value - Gun mount - Gun propellants - Key technologies - Large caliber - Secondary flames - Vibration accelerationClassification code:404.1 Military EngineeringNumerical data indexing:Percentage 2.21e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.001


<RECORD 59>

Accession number:20181905139034Title:Influence of Cylindrical Metal Shell Constraint on the Driving Efficiency of Non-ideal ExplosivesAuthors:Wang, Hui (1); Shen, Fei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants

Abbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:93-97Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The function relationships between the pressure of detonation products with the radial expansion displacement of shell and the dynamic yield strength were established by analyzing dynamic response of cylindrical metal shell with sliding detonation of internal explosive. The pressure threshold of the detonation products as the shell completely ruptured was obtained according to Taylor assumption. The applicability of the model was verified by two RDX-based aluminized explosives with similar Gurney coefficient values as example. The results show that under the same shell, the utiliation of driving energy for RDX-based aluminized explosive with nitrate ester has obvious advantages compared with RDX-based aluminized explosive without nitrate ester.When the dynamic yield strength of the shell material increases from 0.2GPa to 0.8GPa, the relative increment of effective work energy goes up rapidly from 7.5% to 15.2%, which is consistent with the trend of the actual application of the warhead, showing that the model can be used to comprehensive assessment of the driving work performance of non-ideal explosives. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:Shells (structures)Controlled terms:Detonation - Esters - Nitrates - Yield stressUncontrolled terms:Aluminized explosives - Explosion mechanics - Metal shell - Non-ideal explosives - RuptureClassification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 7.50e+00% to 1.52e+01%, Pressure 2.00e+08Pa to 8.00e+08PaDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.018


<RECORD 60>

Accession number:20181905139081Title:Multiple Site N-Alkylation Reactivity of Hexaaza[3.3.3]propellaneAuthors:Zhang, Jun-Lin (1); Wang, Bo-Zhou (1, 2); Bi, Fu-Qiang (1); Wang, Xi-Jie (1); Zhou, Jing (1);

Zhang, Jia-Rong (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Bi, Fu-Qiang([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:33-37Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Taking 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellanes-3, 7, 10-trione (PTO) as raw material, the reactivity of the hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane with different electrophilic reagents was systematically investigated. N-hexallyl-hexaaza[3.3.3] propellanes, N-hexethylacetic -hexaaza[3.3.3] propellanes and N-hexacetoxyl-hexaaza[3.3.3] propellanes with energetic derivative prospect were designed and synthesized for the first time. The acid-stability, base-stability and thermal stability of hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane with different substituent were discussed. The results show that different substituent structure has significant effect on the modification of the hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane skeleton.Increasing the activity of electrophilic reagent and solvent polarity enhanced the reaction process, but extremely high activity failed to obtain the corresponding alkylation products due to the adverse reactions. The hydrolytic stability of the N-alkylated hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane system is greatly increased. Most of them remained stable under acidic conditions while decomposed under alkaline conditions. The thermal stability of the products was enhanced by alkylation compared with PTO. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:17Main heading:StabilityControlled terms:Alkylation - Solvents - Thermodynamic stabilityUncontrolled terms:Adverse reactions - Alkaline conditions - Alkylation products - Electrophilic reagents - Hydrolytic stability - Propellanes - Reactive site - Steric hindrancesClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial ChemicalsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.006


<RECORD 61>

Accession number:20181905139048Title:Study on the Preparation and Properties of Micron NitrocelluloseAuthors:Zhao, Hai-Ping (1); Liu, Tian-Sheng (1); Liu, Deng-Cheng (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:65-68Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To make nitrification reaction perform in an approximate homogeneous condition, the microcrystalline cellulose with uniform crystallinity was prepared by hydrolysis treatment of refined cotton and dilute acid hydrolysis method.Then micron nitrocellulose was prepared via nitrification using mixed acid of nitric acid/sulphuric acid.The microtopography and structure of micron nitrocellulose were characterized by SEM and FTIR, the thermal property was analyzed by DSC, and the impact sensitivity and viscosity were tested. The results show that the optimum conditions for preparing micron nitrocellulose are determined as: the volume ratio of mixed acid of nitric acid/sulphuric acid as 1∶3, nitrification time 30min, and nitrification temperature 35℃. The granularity of prepared micron nitrocellulose samples is uniform, and with characteristic drop height of 57.466cm, viscosity of 478mPa·s, and decomposition peak temperature of 211.20℃. Its nitrificaion is uniform, and the nitrogen content of micron nitrocellulose can reach 12.8%. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:10Main heading:NitrocelluloseControlled terms:Cellulose - Convergence of numerical methods - Cotton - Crystalline materials - Hydrolysis - Nitric acid - Nitrification - ViscosityUncontrolled terms:Dilute-acid hydrolysis - Homogeneous conditions - Impact sensitivities - Micro topography - Micro-crystalline cellulose - Nitrogen content - Optimum conditions - Peak temperaturesClassification code:631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 933.1 Crystalline SolidsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.28e+01%, Size 5.75e-01m, Time 1.80e+03sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.012

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2018 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 62>

Accession number:20181905139066Title:Intermolecular Interactions of 3,6-Bis-nitroguanyl-S-tetrazine Dimers: A Density Functional Theoretical CalculationAuthors:Hu, Yin (1); Ning, Yan-Li (1); Kang, Ying (1); Song, Ji-Rong (2, 3); Ma, Hai-Xia (2) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an; 710069, China; (3) Conservation Technology Department, The Palace Museum, Beijing; 100009, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:30-38Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Nine fully optimized geometries and electronic structures on potential energy surface of 3, 6-bis-nitroguanyl-S-tetrazine (DNGTz) dimers have been obtained with density functional theoretical (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. The intermolecular interaction energy was calculated with zero point energy (ZPE) correction and basis set superposition error (BSSE) correction. The greatest corrected intermolecular interaction energy of the dimers is -62.24kJ/mol. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis is performed to reveal the origin of the interaction. Based on the vibrational analysis, the changes of thermodynamic properties from the monomer to dimer with the temperature ranging from 200.0K to 800.0K have been obtained using the statistical thermodynamic method. It was found that the dimerization are mainly contributed by the strong hydrogen bonds, while the binding energies are not only determined by hydrogen bonding. The dimerization process of dimers I, III, IV, V and VII can spontaneously occur at 200K, which indicates that these dimers can be stably present at room temperature. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:40Main heading:Density functional theoryControlled terms:Binding energy - Dimerization - Dimers - Electronic structure - Hydrogen bonds - Potential energy - Quantum chemistry - Rapid thermal annealing - Thermodynamic propertiesUncontrolled terms:3, 6-bis-nitroguanyl-S-tetrazine (DNGTz) - Basis set superposition errors - High-nitrogen - Intermolecular interaction energies - Intermolecular interactions - Natural bond orbital analysis - Theoretical calculations - Thermodynamic methods

Classification code:537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 815.2 Polymerization - 922.1 Probability TheoryNumerical data indexing:Temperature 2.00e+02K, Temperature 2.00e+02K to 8.00e+02KDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.006



<RECORD 63>

Accession number:20181204915693Title:Effects of Nano PbZrO<inf>3</inf> on the Decompositions of AP, RDX, HMX and the Combustion of (NG/NC) PropellantAuthors:Wang, Wei-Min (1); Wei, Tao-Tao (1); Gao, Hong-Xu (2); Xiao, Li-Bai (2); Xu, Kang-Zhen (1); Zhao, Feng-Qi (2) Author affiliation:(1) College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an; 710069, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Xu, Kang-Zhen([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:29-35Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Nanoscale lead zirconate (PbZrO<inf>3</inf>) was prepared by using co-precipitation method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The catalytic performances of PbZrO<inf>3</inf> on the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP), cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal behaviors, nonisothermal decomposition kinetics of nitroglycerin/nitrocotton (NG/NC) double-base propellant with nano PbZrO<inf>3</inf> (PbZrO<inf>3</inf>-DB) were also studied. The results show that PbZrO<inf>3</inf> presents a typical perovskite structure. Nano PbZrO<inf>3</inf> can remarkably reduce the thermal decomposition temperature and apparent activation energy of decomposition process(reduced by 21, 7.4 and 15kJ/mol respectively). The thermal decomposition of PbZrO<inf>3</inf>-DB propellant is heterogeneous. Thermal

decomposition mechanism of PbZrO<inf>3</inf>-DB propellant is a contracting cylinder with phase boundary reaction, and the kinetic equation is: (dα)/(dt)=(1016.7)/β2(1-α)1/2exp(-1.696×105/RT).Used as a combustion catalyst of NG/NC solid propellant, nano PbZrO<inf>3</inf> can obviously increase the burning rate and decrease the pressure exponent (0.37-0.39) in the pressure range of 2-14 MPa. The catalytic combustion action of nano PbZrO<inf>3</inf> is much better than that of PbO. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:29Main heading:Zirconium compoundsControlled terms:Activation energy - Catalysis - Combustion - Composite propellants - Decomposition - Differential scanning calorimetry - HMX - Inorganic compounds - Integral equations - Lead oxide - Nitrates - Perovskite - Precipitation (chemical) - Pyrolysis - Scanning electron microscopy - Solid propellants - Thermolysis - Transmission electron microscopyUncontrolled terms:Catalytic combustion - Cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX) - Double-base propellant - Metal composites - Nano PbZrO3 - Non-isothermal decomposition kinetics - Thermal decomposition mechanism - Thermal decomposition temperatureClassification code:482.2 Minerals - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 921.2 Calculus - 944.6 Temperature Measurements - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Pressure 2.00e+06Pa to 1.40e+07PaDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.005

Funding Details: Number; Sponsor: 2014M552480; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation


<RECORD 64>

Accession number:20181905139067Title:Response of Screw Extruded Composite Modified Double-base Propellant Pellets under Impact ActionAuthors:Zheng, Wei (1); Wang, Jiang-Ning (1); Song, Xiu-Duo (1); Zhang, Jia-Yu (2); Zhou, Rui (1); Chen, Jun-Bo (1); Ma, Ya-Nan (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Xi'an Beifang Qinchuan Group Co. Ltd., Xi'an; 710032, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:64-68

Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The critical values of decomposition, combustion or explosion response of screw extruded composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellant pellets occurred under impact action were investigated by a drop weight instrument and the influence rule of different mass fraction of RDX, thickness of sample and sample temperature on the critical values of response of propellant under impact action was obtained. Results show that introducing RDX into double-base propellant does not increase the sensitivity to impact stimulation of the propellant. When the mass fraction of RDX is 0-54.5%, with increasing the content of RDX, the sensitivity to impact stimulation of propellant pellets is gradually decreased. When the thickness of sample is 1, 2 and 3mm, with increasing the thickness of sample, the sensitivity to impact stimulation of propellant pellets is significantly decreased. Compared with the sensitivity to impact stimulation of propellant at 25℃, the propellant at 70℃ to impact stimulation is more sensitive. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:Solid propellantsControlled terms:Composite propellants - Pelletizing - ScrewsUncontrolled terms:CMDB - Composite-modified double-base propellants - Critical value - Double-base propellant - Impact sensitivities - Influence rule - Sample temperature - Sensitivity to impactClassification code:524 Solid Fuels - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 0.00e+00% to 5.45e+01%, Size 2.00e-03m, Size 3.00e-03mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.012


<RECORD 65>

Accession number:20181905139093Title:Simulation of Die Swell and Flow Uniformity of Gun Propellant Dough and Application in Die DesignAuthors:Ji, Dan-Dan (1); Liu, Zhi-Tao (1); Yang, Li-Li (2); Liao, Xin (1); Wang, Ze-Shan (1) Author affiliation:(1) Charging Technology Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China; (2) SAIC Motor Company, Shanghai; 201805, China Corresponding author:Liao, Xin([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40

Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:97-101Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To analyze the effect law of die structure parameters in extrusion forming process on the swell ratio and flow uniformity of seven-perforation nitroguanidine gun propellant, the extrusion forming process was simulated by computational fluid dynamic method, the primary and secondary relationship of die structure parameter importance was discussed, the die structure for seven-perforation gun propellant was optimized and experimental validation was performed. The results show that the influence of contraction angle of die on the swell ratio and uniformity of dough exit velocity is the biggest, the compression section height is secondary and the forming section length is smallest. The uniformity of velocity distribution at the flow channel exit end after optimization of die is improved by 36.53%, indicating the reliability and practicability of the simulation calculation. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:18Main heading:DiesControlled terms:Channel flow - Computational fluid dynamics - Extrusion - Extrusion dies - PropellantsUncontrolled terms:Computational fluid dynamic methods - Contraction angles - Die structure - Experimental validations - Extrusion forming - Gun propellants - Orthogonal optimizations - Simulation calculationClassification code:534.1 Foundries - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 723.5 Computer ApplicationsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 3.65e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.018


<RECORD 66>

Accession number:20181204915707Title:Response Surface Optimization Method of the Process of Leaching RDX from RDX/Al/AP/HTPB ExplosiveAuthors:Shi, Teng-Fei (1); Chen, Ming-Hua (2); Yan, Jian-Ping (3) Author affiliation:(1) Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (2) Mechanical Technology Research Institute, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (3) Beijing Military Representative Office, Beijing; 102200, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants

Abbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:113-118Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To optimize the process of leaching RDX from RDX/Al/AP/HTPB explosive, the response surface method (RSM) was introduced in the optimization process, the leaching rate model of the process was fitted and the influence of ultrasonic power, leaching time, temperature, solid-liquid mass ratio and leaching frequency on the leaching process was analyzed. The results show that the above-mentioned factors have significant influence on the leaching rate of RDX, and the interactive influence increases with the increase of experiment level value. The fitting equation of quadratic regression model is determined as Y=91.99+7.81A+8.23B+3.49C+3.52D+4.21E-3.47AB-1.12AC-1.68AD-1.83AE-1.90BC-2.69BD-4.79BE-1.31CD-1.58CE-3.51DE-3.86A2-3.99B2+1.11C2-0.094D2-1.23E2. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:LeachingControlled terms:Explosives - Regression analysis - Surface propertiesUncontrolled terms:Fitting equations - Leaching process - Leaching rates - Quadratic regression - Response factor - Response surface method - Response surface optimization - Ultrasonic powerClassification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 951 Materials ScienceDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.019


<RECORD 67>

Accession number:20181905139016Title:Test method of propellant smoke density based on image sensorAuthors:Wang, Chang-Jian (1, 2); Zhang, Ke-Wang (1); Sun, Mei (2); Yang, Yan-Jing (2); Xu, Yi (2) Author affiliation:(1) Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an; 710049, China; (2) Science and Technology on Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40

Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:97-100Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:A propellant smoke density test method based on image sensor was proposed. In this method, the halogen lamp was replaced by a collimator, the photoelectric diode or photosensitive resistance was replaced by an image sensor, and a lens hood with hollow stripes on surface was designed to modulate light source. The effect of environmental noise on test results was eliminated by image processing method. The combustion smoke densities of SQ2 propellant, Al-CMDB propellant and NEPE propellant were measured. The results show that the transmittance curves of SQ2 and Al-CMDB propellants are basically stable at about 50s after ignition. The transmittance curve of NEPE propellant is stable after 50s of ignition, but has a slow upward trend. The smoke transmittance of the above three propellants are 84.1%, 65.9%, 22.3%, respectively, which are consistent with those obtained using the traditional test method. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:6Main heading:PropellantsControlled terms:Image processing - Image sensors - Light sources - SmokeUncontrolled terms:CMDB propellant - Collimator - Environmental noise - Image processing - methods - NEPE propellant - Photoelectric diode - Smoke density - Transmittance curvesNumerical data indexing:Percentage 2.23e+01%, Percentage 6.59e+01%, Percentage 8.41e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.019


<RECORD 68>

Accession number:20181905139086Title:Separation and Purification of ADN by Activated Carbon AdsorptionAuthors:Pan, Yong-Fei (1); Liu, Wei-Xiao (1); Zhao, Xin (2); Ji, Yue-Ping (1); Wang, Ying-Lei (1); Gao, Fu-Lei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) North Institute for Science and Technical Information, Beijing; 100089, China Corresponding author:Ji, Yue-Ping([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4

Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:61-65Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The static adsorption and desorption of three kinds of activated carbon(AC, BC, CC) to ADN were studied by static adsorption experiment. A kind of activated carbon AC was screened out. Technological conditions of the adsorption and desorption of dinitramide ammonium (ADN) were opimized by dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption capacity and desorption capacity of AC are better than BC and CC, which is the ideal adsorbent for separation and purification of ADN. When the concentration of sample solution is 30155.32mg/L, the flow rate is 5mL/min, activated carbon AC has a good adsorption capacity of ADN. The total elution rate is 95.64% when eluted with 80℃ hot water as the elution solvent and eluted to the 10th column volume. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:10Main heading:AdsorptionControlled terms:Activated carbon - Desorption - PurificationUncontrolled terms:Activated carbon adsorption - Adsorption and desorptions - Adsorption capacities - Dinitramide - Dynamic adsorption - High energetic oxidizer - Separation and purification - Technological conditionsClassification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products GenerallyNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 3.02e+01kg/m3, Percentage 9.56e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.011


<RECORD 69>

Accession number:20181905139011Title:Numerical simulation of effect of material of additional liner on the performances of hypercumulationAuthors:Shi, Jun-Lei (1); Liu, Ying-Bin (1); Hu, Xiao-Yan (1); Zhang, Xu-Guang (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Corresponding author:Liu, Ying-Bin([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1

Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:69-74Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of material of additinal liner on the jet performances in the hypercumulation formation process, the numerical simulation of hyper shaped charge of a trunconical additinal liner, with material of additional liner is Wu, Cu and Fe, respectively and material of conical shaped charge liner is Al, was carried out using AUTODYN-2D simulation software and high precision multi material solver Euler-2D Multi-material. The results show that the maximum velocity of hypercumulation of additional liner material as Wu, Cu and Fe are 14400, 13300 and 13100m/s, respectively, the maximum energy are 10.2×107, 8.5×107 and 7.5×107J/kg respectively, and the hypercumulation after detonation becomes slender and longger after the density of the material increases. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:7Main heading:Computer softwareControlled terms:Computer simulation - Numerical models - Shaped chargesUncontrolled terms:Additional liner - AUTODYN - Conical shaped charges - Formation process - Hypercumulation - Maximum velocity - Multi materials - Simulation softwareClassification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921 MathematicsNumerical data indexing:Velocity 1.31e+04m/s, Velocity 1.33e+04m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.014


<RECORD 70>

Accession number:20181204915700Title:Effect of Al Content on the Explosion Fild Pressure and Temperature of HMX-based Explosive in Vacuum EnvironmentAuthors:Yang, Xiong (1); Wang, Xiao-Feng (1); Huang, Ya-Feng (1); Feng, Xiao-Jun (1); Tian, Xuan (1); Feng, Bo (1); Zhao, Kai (1); Li, Wen-Xiang (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Wang, Xiao-Feng([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40

Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:73-77Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To investigate the effect of Al powder content on the explosion reaction mechanism of HMX based aluminized explosive in vacuum environment, the explosion field pressure and temperature of four kinds of aluminized explosives of aluminum mass fraction as 15%(OA1), 20%(OA2), 25%(OA3) and 30%(OA4) were measured in a sealed explosion chamber, and explosion gas products of explosive were collected and analyzed. The results show that the quasi-static pressure value decreases in the order of OA2>OA1>OA3>OA4, meaning that explosive OA2 has the greatest explosion power. The equilibrium temperature of explosion field decreases in the order of OA4 > OA3 > OA2 > OA1, indicating that the equilibrium temperature increases with the increase of aluminum content in the explosive. The first peak temperature of the four explosivesase decreases in the order of OA1>OA2>OA3>OA4. For the time required to the first peak temperature, explosive OA1 and OA2 are far faster than explosive OA3 and OA4. Except explosive OA1, other three explosives appear the secondary peak. The part of aluminum in the explosive of aluminum mass fraction as 15% and 20% are reacted in advance. The reaction ratio of Al powder decreases in the orde of OA1>OA2>OA3>OA4, indicating that with the increase of aluminum powder content, the completeness of Al powder reaction decreases. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:ExplosivesControlled terms:Aluminum - Explosions - HMX - Pressure effectsUncontrolled terms:Aluminized explosives - Combined effect - Equilibrium temperatures - Quasi-static pressure - Reaction ratioClassification code:541.1 Aluminum - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931.1 MechanicsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.012


<RECORD 71>

Accession number:20181905139005Title:Effect of aluminum content and particle size on the power of emulsion explosivesAuthors:Qian, Hai (1); Wu, Hong-Bo (1); Xing, Hua-Dao (1); Xia, Man-Man (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology,

Huainan; Anhui; 232001, China Corresponding author:Wu, Hong-Bo([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:40-44Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of aluminum powder on the power of emulsion explosives, aluminum powder with different particle size and content were added into emulsion explosive with negative oxygen balance. The detonation velocity of the explosive was measured by a timing instrument method and the specific shock wave energy, specific bubble energy and total energy etc. parameters for aluminized emulsion explosive were tested and calculated by underwater explosion experiment. The results show that when the mass fraction of aluminium powder with particle size of 5μm and 35μm in emulsion explosive is 5%, their detonation velocity achieves maximum 5128m/s and 5071m/s, respectively. The specific shock wave energy, specific bubble energy and total energy increase with the increase of aluminum content. When the mass fraction of aluminium powder with particle size of 5μm and 35μm in emulsion explosive is 20%, their specific shock wave energy increases by 19.7% and 15.3% respectively, specific bubble energy increases by 12.6% and 13.7%, respectively, and total energy increases by 15.1% and 14.5% respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:11Main heading:Particle sizeControlled terms:Aluminum - Detonation - Emulsification - Emulsions - Shock waves - Underwater explosions - Wave energy conversionUncontrolled terms:Aluminum powders - Bubble energy - Emulsion explosives - Power - Shock wave energyClassification code:472 Ocean Engineering - 541.1 Aluminum - 615.6 Wave Energy - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityNumerical data indexing:Size 5.00e-06m, Velocity 5.07e+03m/s, Velocity 5.13e+03m/s, Percentage 1.26e+01%, Percentage 1.37e+01%, Percentage 1.45e+01%, Percentage 1.51e+01%, Percentage 1.53e+01%, Percentage 1.97e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Size 3.50e-05mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.008

Database:Compendex

<RECORD 72>

Accession number:20181905139030Title:Analysis of Initial Reaction Evolution Process of Experiment of DDT Tube Filled with Pressed PBX ExplosivesAuthors:Guo, Ying-Wen (1); Hu, Hai-Bo (1); Li, Tao (1); Fu, Hua (1); Wen, Shang-Gang (2); Yu, Hong (3) Author affiliation:(1) National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621900, China; (2) Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Mianyang; 621900, China; (3) Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing; 100086, China Corresponding author:Hu, Hai-Bo([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:77-79 and 89Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The effect of the initial pressure produced by igniter and black powder on the ignition end surface of inert mock material was studied in DDT tube. The combustion luminescence process of pressed HMX-based polymer bonded explosive in DDT tube was recorded by a high speed camera. The initial reaction evolution process of pressed PBX explosives was analyzed. The results show that initial pressure produced by the igniter and black powder can induce crack formation and local damage on the surface of adjacent brittle explosive, and the combustion flame can spread along the explosive matrix cracks and the gap between explosive and tube wall. The initial reaction evolution of pressed PBX explosives and the gap were closely related to the convective combustion process. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:10Main heading:ExplosivesControlled terms:Combustion - High speed cameras - Tubes (components)Uncontrolled terms:Black powder - Convective combustions - Igniter - PBX explosive - Reaction evolutionClassification code:619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 742.2 Photographic EquipmentDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.014

<RECORD 73>

Accession number:20181905139000Title:Atomistic simulation on pyrolysis mechanism of CL-20/TNT cocrystal explosiveAuthors:Liu, Hai (1, 2); Yang, Zhen (2); He, Yuan-Hang (2) Author affiliation:(1) Hypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621000, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China Corresponding author:He, Yuan-Hang([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:14-20Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The relationship of reaction kinetic process with temperatures and densities for pyrolysis of CL-20/TNT co-crystal was studied using reactive force field(ReaxFF) molecular dynamics simulation. The evolution distribution of potential energy and total species, decay kinetics and kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition reaction of CL-20 and TNT were analyzed. Product identification analyses show that the breaking of-NO<inf>2</inf> bond from CL-20 molecules is the initial reaction pathway for thermal decomposition of the cocrystal. With increasing the cocrystal density, the reaction energy barrier of CL-20 and TNT molecule decomposition increases correspondingly. The decomposition process of TNT has an inhibition action on the decomposition of CL-20. Final products for thermal decomposition of the cocrystal are N<inf>2</inf>, H<inf>2</inf>O and CO<inf>2</inf>. The production rate decreases in the order of N<inf>2</inf>>H<inf>2</inf>O>CO<inf>2</inf>. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:32Main heading:Reaction kineticsControlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Kinetics - Molecular dynamics - Molecules - Potential energy - Pyrolysis - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Co-crystals - Molecular dynamics simulations - Product identification - Reaction energy barriers - Reactive force field - Reactive kinetics - ReaxFF - Thermal decomposition reactionClassification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic

Compounds - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular PhysicsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.003


<RECORD 74>

Accession number:20181905139071Title:Degradation Pathway and Properties of Enzyme of 2, 4-Dinitrotoluene by Rhodobacter SphaeroidesAuthors:Bai, Hong-Juan (1); Wang, Shou-Yan (1); Liang, Fang-Nan (1); Zhao, Ting-Ting (1); Kang, Peng-Zhou (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Safe Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:82-87Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The intermediates of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) metabolized by rhodobacter sphaeroides were analyzed by the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), the possible degradation pathway was analyzed, and the effect of initial mass concentration of 2,4-DNT in culture medium, pH value of solution and reaction temperature on the enzyme specific activity of three kinds of enzymes was discussed. The results show that five intermediates including 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene, 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene, 4-nitro-1,2-di(TMS)benzene and 1,2,4-tri(TMS)benzene were detected when initial mass concentration of 2,4-DNT is 40mg/L after cultivating for 72h. The possible degradation pathway is that 2,4-DNT is first reduced to 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene and 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene and further transformed into 4-nitro-1,2-hydroquinone, then is oxidized to 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, finally 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene ring is cleaved to form β-ketoadipic acid, which was finally degraded to smaller molecular compounds. For enzyme specific actiyity of nitroreductase, catechol 2,3-dioxygenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, the optimal temperature is 35, 30 and 35℃, respectively, the optimal pH value is 7.0, 8.0 and 7.0, respectively and the optimal initial mass concentration of 2,4-DNT in culture medium is 40mg/L. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.

Number of references:18Main heading:PhotodegradationControlled terms:Benzene - Enzyme activity - pH - Phenols - Reaction intermediatesUncontrolled terms:2 ,4-dinitrotoluene - 2 ,4-DNT - Catechol 1 , 2-dioxygenase - Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase - Nitroreductases - Rhodobacter sphaeroidesClassification code:461.9 Biology - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic CompoundsNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 4.00e-02kg/m3, Time 2.59e+05sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.016


<RECORD 75>

Accession number:20181905138997Title:Research Progress of Icosahedronal Polyhydroborate B<inf>12</inf>H<inf>12</inf>2- Anion Compounds and Their Application in Propellants and ExplosivesAuthors:Shan, Zi-Xing (1, 2); Sheng, Li-Li (1); Yang, Rong-Jie (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072, China Corresponding author:Yang, Rong-Jie([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:1-16Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The preparation, thermal behavior, thermochemistry, energy properties of icosahedronal closo-hydroborate anion B<inf>12</inf>H<inf>12</inf>2- and related compounds in the study of propellants and explosives were systematically reviewed. The application prospect of this kind of polyhydroborate compounds in this field is prospected. Pointing out that based on theoretical calculation, taking the complete combustion of polyhydroborate compounds as target, the design, synthesis and screening of new B<inf>12</inf>H<inf>12</inf>2- ion derivatives with high energy and ultra high energy of highly efficient release intrinsic energy in propellants and explosives system should be the main directions of future research in polyhydroborate compound propellants,with 158

references. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:147Main heading:ExplosivesControlled terms:Ions - PropellantsUncontrolled terms:Application prospect - B12H12^2- - Hydroborates - Icosahedronal polyhydroborate - Polyhydroborate compounds - Related compounds - Theoretical calculations - Ultra-high energiesDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.001


<RECORD 76>

Accession number:20181204915702Title:Energy Output Characteristics of Explosives under Plasma InitiationAuthors:Xue, Le-Xing (1); Feng, Bo (1); Zhao, Juan (1); Feng, Xue-Song (1); Feng, Xiao-Jun (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Feng, Xiao-Jun([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:83-86Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To obtain output release properties of explosives under plasma initiation, shockwave overpressure in air and heat of detonation were selected as characterization parameters of energy release, and metal wire electrical exploding was used as a plasma source. Shockwave overpressure curves in air of TNT were measured under Ni-Cr alloy, W, Mo, and Cu plasma initiation. The effect of metal material on shockwave overpressure was analyzed. The heats of detonation of TNT, RDX and HMX were detected based on the calorimeter of measuring the heat of detonation and plasma generator. The results show that all kinds of plasma can initiate TNT, and shockwave overpresure initiated by alloy wire is significantly higher than that initiated by elemental metal wires. Shockwave peak overpressure order was Ni-Cr > W > Mo > Cu. The heats of detonation of TNT, RDX and HMX under Ni-Cr plasma initiation are 4304.1, 5491.7 and 6254.8J/g respectively. The values of heat of detonation are higher than literature values under detected condition of charge density of over 80% theoretical maximum density, indicating

that plasma initiation is helpful to improve the energy release efficiency and detonation integrity of explosive. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:10Main heading:Initiators (explosives)Controlled terms:Binary alloys - Chromium alloys - Detonation - Exploding wires - Nickel alloysUncontrolled terms:Energy output - Explosion mechanics - Heat of detonations - Overpressure - Plasma initiationClassification code:404.1 Military Engineering - 543.1 Chromium and Alloys - 548.2 Nickel Alloys - 704 Electric Components and EquipmentNumerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+01%, Specific_Energy 5.49e+06J/kg, Specific_Energy 6.25e+06J/kgDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.014


<RECORD 77>

Accession number:20181905139042Title:Identification and Analysis of the by-Product 1-Amino-3,5-diethoxy-2,4,6- trinitrobenzene in the Amination Wastewater of TATBAuthors:Yu, Xian-Feng (1); Zhou, Qun (2); Wang, Bo-Zhou (2) Author affiliation:(1) Unit 63961 of PLA, Beijing; 100012, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:37-40 and 46Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The by-product 1-amino -3,5-diethoxy -2,4,6- trinitrobenzene(AETB)in the amination wastewater of TATB prepared with m-trihydroxybenzene method was qualitatively identified by IR spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and high resolution mass spectroscopy. A HPLC method was established for the quantitative determination of AETB. The optimum experimental conditions were determined and the external standard method was used to test the method. The results show that chromatographic conditions are determined as: C<inf>18</inf> column (250mm × 4.6mm,5μm), mobile phase of acetonitrile/ water

with volume ratio of 85∶15, detection wavelength 224nm and injection quantity 10μL. A linear relationship was presented between the peak area and the content of AETB by external standard method,and the linear correlation coefficient is 0.9998. This method has the advantages of simple operation and without pretreatment of the samples, and experimental result is accurate and reasonable, which can be used to detect residue quantity of AETB in the wastewater of TATB. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:High performance liquid chromatographyControlled terms:Amines - Mass spectrometry - Water injectionUncontrolled terms:External standards - Heat-resistant explosives - High resolution mass spectroscopy - Linear correlation coefficient - Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometries - Quantitative determinations - TATB - TrinitrobenzeneClassification code:612.1 Internal Combustion Engines, General - 801 Chemistry - 804.1 Organic CompoundsNumerical data indexing:Size 2.24e-07m, Size 4.60e-03m, Volume 1.00e-08m3DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.006


<RECORD 78>

Accession number:20181905139035Title:Preparation and Properties Test of Spherical Gun Propellant with Large DiameterAuthors:Wang, Zhao-Qing (1); Liu, Xun (1); Dong, Chao-Yang (2); Zhang, Hua-Jun (2); Shi, Yu (1); Pei, Chong-Hua (1) Author affiliation:(1) Sate Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621010, China; (2) Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co., Ltd, Luzhou; Sichuan; 646003, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:98-101Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To solve the problem of large solvent wastage and non-uniform particle size in the preparation of spherical propellant grain, the spherical gun propellant with large diameter was

prepared through the shear-rounder method using double-base absorbent gun powder as raw material. The effect of mass ratio of solvent to cotton, the space between two pill-rolling knifes, and the diameter of the sticks on the quality of spherical gun propellant was studied. The constant-volume combustion performance of formed and dried samples was measured by the closed bomb test. The results show that when the mass ratio of solvent to cotton is 0.4, the space between two pill-rolling knifes is 0.4mm and the diameter of the sticks is 3.8mm, the particle size of spherical particle obtained is uniform, and the elongation, true density, and bulk density of the spherical gun propellant after drying are 1.033, 1.680g/cm3 and 0.945g/cm3, respectively, similar to the density of the spherical gun propellant prepared by the internal dissolution method.The curves obtained from the closed bomb test show that the combustion process of spherical particle prepared is stable, revealing a characteristic of regressive burning. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:SpheresControlled terms:Bombs (ordnance) - Combustion - Cotton - Particle size - Propellants - Solvents - Spacecraft propulsionUncontrolled terms:Closed bomb test - Combustion pro-cess - Constant-volume combustions - Gun propellants - Large diameter - Regressive burning - Spherical particle - Spherical propellant grainsClassification code:404 Civil Defense and Military Engineering - 656.1 Space Flight - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 821.4 Agricultural ProductsNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.68e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 9.45e+02kg/m3, Size 3.80e-03m, Size 4.00e-04mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.019


<RECORD 79>

Accession number:20181905139065Title:Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Prediction of Two Kinds of Novel Energetic Ionic Salts of 2-Dinitromethyl-5-nitrotetrazolateAuthors:Zhang, Min (1); Xu, Cheng (1); Ge, Zhong-Xue (1); Bi, Fu-Qiang (1); Zhu, Yong (1); Bu, Jian-Hua (1); Su, Hai-Peng (1); Xiao, Xiao (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Bi, Fu-Qiang([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017

Pages:24-29 and 55Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Two kinds of novel energetic ionic salts of 2-dinitromethyl-5-nitrotetrazolate 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole salt (3-ATDNMNT) and 2-dinitromethyl-5-nitrotetrazolate 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole salt (4-ATDNMNT), were synthesized via neutralization reaction using amino-1,2,4-triazole and 2-dinitromethyl-5-nitrotetrazolate(HDNMNT) as raw materials. Their yields were 95.4% and 96.7%, respectively. Their structures were characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 15N NMR and elemental analysis. The detonation performances of 3-ATDNMNT and 4-ATDNMNT were calculated by quantum chemical method. Under the standard condition(expansion ratio as 70:1), the energy performances of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) composite propellant containing two kinds of energetic ion salts were calculated by the principle of minimum free energy. The results show that the detonation velocity and the detonation pressure are 8.587km/s and 33.58GPa for 3-ATDNMNT and 8.693km/s and 34.31GPa for 4-ATDNMNT, respectively. After partly replacing AP with 3-ATDNMNT in HTPB propellant, the theoretical specific impulse of HTPB propellant is up to 2635.7N·s/kg. After partly replacing AP with 4-ATDNMNT in HTPB propellant, the highest theoretical impulse of HTPB propellant is 2677.2N·s/kg, when the mass fractions of HTPB, Al, AP and 4-ATDNMNT are 10%, 5%, 15% and 70%, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:24Main heading:HTPB propellantsControlled terms:Composite propellants - Detonation - Free energy - Polybutadienes - Quantum chemistry - SaltsUncontrolled terms:3-Amino-1 - 4-amino-1 ,2 ,4-triazole - Detonation performance - HTPB - Ionic saltsClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 9.54e+01%, Percentage 9.67e+01%, Pressure 3.36e+10Pa, Pressure 3.43e+10Pa, Velocity 8.59e+03m/s, Velocity 8.69e+03m/s, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.005


<RECORD 80>

Accession number:20181905139092Title:Effect of TEGDN Content and NC Nitrogen Content on Mechanical Properties of Double-base Propellant

Authors:Zhao, Ben-Bo (1); Liu, Qiang (2); Li, Wei (2); Huang, Jia-Qi (2); Ling, Jian (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Yibin North Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Yibin; Sichuan; 644219, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:92-96Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The 24 kinds of double-base propellant samples with different TEGDN content, as well as NC nitrogen contents, were prepared by solvent-free method, and the mechanical properties at high temperature (50℃), room temperature (20℃) and low temperature (-40℃) were tested. The effect of TEGDN content and NC nitrogen content on the mechanical properties of double-base propellant was discussed. The results show that the tensile strength of mixed ester double-base propellant decreases gradually with the increase of TEGDN contents at the high temperature and room temperature, and when the mass fraction of TEGDN is lower than 7.7%, it shows a downward trend with the increase of nitrogen contents in NC, when the mass fraction of TEGDN is higher than 15.4%, it shows a trend of increase at first and then decrease with the increase of nitrogen contents in NC. The tensile strength of the samples increases gradually with the increase of TEGDN content at low temperature, then decreases gradually with the increase of nitrogen contents in NC. The elongation at break at high temperature, room temperature and low temperature increases gradually with the increase of TEGDN content, and decreases gradually with the increase of nitrogen content in NC. The plasticizing properties of NC can be improved by increasing the amount of TEGDN, but the NC with 12.6% or more nitrogen content can not be well plasticized. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:11Main heading:NitrogenControlled terms:Esters - Mechanical properties - Propellants - Temperature - Tensile strengthUncontrolled terms:Double-base propellant - Elongation at break - High temperature - Mechanical properties at high temperatures - Nitric esters - Nitrogen content - Solvent-free method - TEGDNClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.26e+01%, Percentage 1.54e+01%, Percentage 7.70e+00%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.017

Database:Compendex

<RECORD 81>

Accession number:20181905139056Title:Research Progress on Behavior and Mechanism of Crystal Transformation of CL-20Authors:Niu, Shi-Yao (1); Gao, Hong-Xu (1); Qu, Wen-Gang (1); Li, Na (1); Zhao, Feng-Qi (1) Author affiliation:(1) Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Zhao, Feng-Qi([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:1-7Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The research progress of crystalline transformation of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20,also known as HNIW) at home and abroad was summarized from four aspects of crystal forms characteristics, transformation modes, and influencing factors and mechanism of crystalline transformation. Pointing out that the factors influencing the crystalline transformation of CL-20 were mainly solvent, temperature and so on. The direction of the crystalline transformation was mainly determined by the difference of Gibbs free energy among the various crystal forms. The explanation of the crystal transformation mechanism were performed mainly through two aspects of Ostwald rule and solution-mediated phase transformation(SMPT). It is pointed out that the future development emphasis of the crystal transformation research are thermokinetics of crystal transformation and suppression technology of crystal transformation. With 45 references. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:40Main heading:Behavioral researchControlled terms:Crystalline materials - Free energy - Gibbs free energy - Phase transitionsUncontrolled terms:2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane - Crystal forms - Crystal transformation - Crystalline transformation - HNIW - Ostwald rule - ThermokineticsClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 971 Social SciencesDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.001

Database:Compendex

<RECORD 82>

Accession number:20181204915703Title:Combustion Properties of CMDB Propellant Containing High-nitrogen CompoundsAuthors:Yi, Jian-Hua (1); Xuan, Chun-Lei (1); Zhao, Feng-Qi (1); Gou, Bing-Wang (2); Wang, Chang-Jian (1); Qin, Zhao (1); Zhou, Cheng (2) Author affiliation:(1) Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:87-94 and 107Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:3, 6-Bis(1H-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrazol-5-yl-amino)-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine (BTATz) and 2-nitroimino-5-nitro-hexahydro-1, 3, 5-triazine (NNHT) were used as the energetic additives into the composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellants containing hexogen (RDX) or hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW), and the influence rule of BTATz and NNHT on the burning rate, flame, and morphology of quenched surface of the propellants were investigated. The results show that BTATz can greatly increase the burning rate of propellant and NNHT helps to produce plateau burning effect. After RDX is completely substituted by BTATz or NNHT in the formulation, the propellant combustion appears the particular dark zone morphology, which is visibly different from original RDX-CMDB propellant, and some diffused flame clusters occur on the combustion surface, which profit from the high burning-rate nature of BTATz and NNHT, without a melting process as RDX. The flame photos of RDX-CMDB propellants with and without high-nitrogen compound are similar in appearance, the generation of high-temperature carbon particles on the combustion surface is affected by the fusing RDX, a fewer high-temperature carbon particles are highly unfavorable to improve the burning rate of RDX-CMDB propellant. The ordinary lead-copper-carbon catalyst system also shows the excellent effects on the combustion properties of the propellant, cooperating with the catalyst system and NNHT, the burning-rate pressure exponent of NNHT-RDX-CMDB propellant reduces to 0.19, decreased by 76%, and that of NNHT-HNIW-CMDB propellant reduces to 0.42, decreased by 50.6%. The catalyst system is insensitive to BTATz, NNHT, and HNIW, the major catalyzed effect occurs essentially on the double-base propellant combustion surface and the condensed-gas phase closing to the combustion surface, the combustion surface structure is changed evidently, and the combustion

properties of CMDB propellants are improved finally. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:23Main heading:Solid propellantsControlled terms:Carbon - Catalysts - Combustion - Composite propellants - Decomposition - Image enhancement - Nitrogen compoundsUncontrolled terms:2-nitroimino-5-nitro-hexahydro-1, 3, 5-triazine (NNHT) - 3, 6-bis (1H-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrazol-5-yl-amino)-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine (BTATz) - Burning rate - Combustion property - Composite-modified double-base propellants - Double-base propellant - Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane - High-nitrogen compoundClassification code:802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 5.06e+01%, Percentage 7.60e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.015


<RECORD 83>

Accession number:20181905139061Title:Effect of Initial Density on the Curvature Effect of Detonation Front for JBO-9021 ExplosiveAuthors:Guo, Liu-Wei (1); Wang, Bin (1); Zheng, Xian-Xu (1); Zhang, Guang-Sheng (1); Yang, Lin-Jun (1); Li, Qiang (1) Author affiliation:(1) National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621999, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:51-55Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The curvature effect experiments were carried out for the insensitive JBO-9021 explosive grain with different radius (5.0, 7.5 and 15mm) and different initial densities (1.894g/cm3-1.901g/cm3) at ambient temperature by using the high-speed streak camera and electric probes, and the steady-state detonation front shape and wave velocity were obtained and the change with density and radius of explosive grain was analyzed. Results show that, with increasing the initial density of JBO-9021 explosive from

1.894g/cm3 to 1.901g/cm3, the steady-state wave velocities of detonation wave for three kinds of JBO-9021 explosive grains with different radius increase, the steady-state front shape becomes flatter and the difference of the wave arriving time between the center point and edge point of front becomes smaller. In the range of small curvature (κ<0.2mm-1), the relationship between the normal wave velocity D<inf>n</inf> and the local curvature, (D<inf>n</inf>(κ)), for detonation wave front of JBO-9021 explosive is not affected by the radius and density of the explosive grain. For larger curvature of κ>0.2mm-1, the D<inf>n</inf>(κ) relationship reveals a discrete trend with the radius and density of the explosive grain. The initial density and radius of JBO-9021 explosive grain affect the D<inf>n</inf>(κ) relationship of great curvature for detonation wave front of explosive together. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Acoustic wave velocity - Shock waves - Wave propagation - WavefrontsUncontrolled terms:Curvature effect - Detonation wave velocity - Explosion mechanics - Initial density - Insensitive explosives - Wave shapeClassification code:751.1 Acoustic Waves - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.89e+03kg/m3 to 1.90e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.89e-01kg/m to -1.90e+03kg/m, Size 1.50e-02m, Size 7.50e-03mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.009


<RECORD 84>

Accession number:20181905139072Title:Oxidation Products and Reaction Mechanism of O<inf>2</inf> and Gas-liquid Two Phase UDMHAuthors:Zhang, Lang-Lang (1); Liu, Xiang-Xuan (1); Wang, Xuan-Jun (1) Author affiliation:(1) The Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi'an; 710025, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:88-92Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry Corporation

Abstract:To explore the failure mechanism of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) in the actual storage, liquid phase reaction products of gas-liquid two-phase UDMH with O<inf>2</inf> and air, and the change in the content of main gaseous products with time, under the four kinds of conditions of oxygen, oxygen/water, air and air/water, were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and their reaction mechanisms were analyzed. The results show that there are 19 kinds of oxidation products of UDMH, of which, nitrosodimethy lamine (NDMA), unsymhydrazone, dimethylamine, water and N, N-dimethylformamide as main products, as well as four newly detected products as N,N,N', N'-tetramethylmethylenediamine, 4-methyl urazole, tris(dimethylamino)methane and unsym-dimethylurea. The oxygen and oxidation of UDMH in the gas phase greatly enhances the generation of NDMA, which is a kind of strong carcinogen. Among them, 30% of the degraded UDMH are converted to NDMA and the mass fraction of NDMA in the gas phase is up to 1.3%, whereas the generation rate of NDMA in the reaction with air is about 5%. Therefore, the decrease of of oxygen content can avoid the failure of UDMH and the generation of NDMA. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:Gas chromatographyControlled terms:Amination - Dimethylformamide - Failure (mechanical) - Gases - Liquid chromatography - Liquids - Mass spectrometry - Oxidation - Oxygen - Steel beams and girdersUncontrolled terms:GC-MS method - NDMA - Nitrosodimethylamine - Oxidation products - UDMH - Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazineClassification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic CompoundsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.30e+00%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.017


<RECORD 85>

Accession number:20181905139038Title:Research Progress on Gun Propellant and Charge Combustion ResidueAuthors:He, Chang-Hui (1); Wang, Qiong-Lin (1); Liu, Shao-Wu (1); Wei, Lun (1); Wang, Feng (1); Han, Bing (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Wang, Qiong-Lin([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017

Pages:10-18Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Aiming at the request of eliminating or reducing the combustion residue in the barrel weapon firing, the research of gun propellant and charge combustion residue was summarized and reviewed. According to the existence position of combustion residue in the barrel weapon and shooting enviroment, the combustion residue can be divided into in-bore residue and out-bore residue. Characteristics, hazards, collection and analysis technology and suppression technique of the combustion residue were analyzed. Pointing out that the application of new materials in gun propellant and charge with low combustion residue, the evaluation method study of the combustion residue produced in the live firing process and the integrated optimization of suppression technique are the key direction of the further research in the combustion residue of gun propellant and charge, with 72 references. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:65Main heading:CombustionControlled terms:PropellantsUncontrolled terms:Charge - Combustion residues - Gun propellants - Integrated optimization - Live firing - Suppression techniqueDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.002


<RECORD 86>

Accession number:20181905139013Title:Calculation study on effect of RDX on the composition of primary combustion products for boron-based fuel-rich propellantsAuthors:Liu, Yuan-Min (1); Zhang, Yan (1); Liu, Lin-Lin (1); Hu, Song-Qi (1); Yang, Yang (2) Author affiliation:(1) Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an; 710072, China; (2) Xi 'an Aerospace Chemical Propulsion Factory, Xi'an; 710000, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:81-84 and 90Language:Chinese

ISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To explore the effect of RDX on the composition of primary combustion products for boron-based fuel-rich propellants, the composition of primary combustion products for five kinds of propellant formulas was calculated by Gibbs minimum free energy method and the thermodynamic calculation results were verified through the total boron content in the product of combustion experiments. The calculation results show that the results of the composition of primary combustion products of boron-based fuel-rich propellants calculated with Gibbs minimum free energy method were accurate and reliable. With increasing the content of RDX in the boron-based fuel-rich propellants, the content of B<inf>4</inf>C and B<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> decreases, the content of C and BN increases and the primary combustion temperature also increases. The content of B<inf>4</inf>C decreases and the primary combustion temperature increases with increasing the primary combustion pressure, therefore the higher primary combustion pressure will be beneficial for the secondary combustion efficiency for the boron-based fuel-rich propellants. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:Solid propellantsControlled terms:Boron - Boron carbide - Combustion - Free energy - FuelsUncontrolled terms:Calculation results - Combustion experiments - Combustion products - Fuel-rich propellant - Minimum free energy methods - Primary combustions - Secondary combustion - Thermodynamic calculationsClassification code:524 Solid Fuels - 549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic CompoundsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.016


<RECORD 87>

Accession number:20181905139017Title:Study on the structure feature and high pressure combustion performance of fragmented high energy gun propellants prepared by impact at low temperatureAuthors:Shi, Xian-Rui (1); Jia, Yong-Jie (1); Hu, Rui (1); Xu, Min (1); Jiao, Xu-Ying (1); Xu, Can-Qi (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017

Publication year:2017Pages:101-106Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:DAGR125 and NR11 gun propellants with different fragmentation degree were prepared by impact of dropping hammer at -40℃. The fragmentation degree of the gun propellants was characterized by the absorption quality of dye (AQD); Combined with the closed high pressure bomb experiment, the relationship of the structure feature and combustion feature of fragmented gun propellants at high pressure was analyzed. The results show that the change rate of dynamic vivacity occurs a mutation in the initial combustion stage with increasing the quality of small particles gradually. When the fragmentation degree is low, the initial dynamic vivacity and the AQD can be used to measure the initial combustion surface and the fragmentation degree of the gun propellants; When the fragmentation degree is high enough, the initial dynamic vivacity measured by traditional method is obviously lower than actual value, and it is unsuitable to represent the initial combustion surface, however the AQD method is more accurate. The change rule of initial dynamic vivacity shows that the fragmentation degree of propellant grains increases rapidly when the height of dropping hammer is greater than 60cm. The change in dynamic vivacity reveals that the whole combustion process of DAGR125 and NR11 fragmented gun propellants converts from progressive combustion to reduced combustion when the height of dropping hammer is greater than 23.0cm and 23.1cm, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:PropellantsControlled terms:Bombs (ordnance) - Combustion - Hammers - TemperatureUncontrolled terms:Dynamic vivacity - Gun propellants - High pressure - Impact fragment - Low temperaturesClassification code:404 Civil Defense and Military Engineering - 605.2 Small Tools, Unpowered - 641.1 ThermodynamicsNumerical data indexing:Size 2.30e-01m, Size 2.31e-01m, Size 6.00e-01mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.020


<RECORD 88>

Accession number:20181204915695Title:Study on Preparation, Thermal Behavior and Enthalpy of Formation of 3, 6-Dihydrazine-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine-3, 5-dinitrosalicylic Acid SaltAuthors:Chen, Xiang (1); Zhang, Cong (1); Yan, Biao (1); Guo, Zhao-Qi (1); Gao, Hong-Xu (2); Ma, Hai-Xia (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an; 710069, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Ma, Hai-Xia([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:43-48Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:3, 6-Dihydrazine-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine- 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid salt dihydrate (DHT·2DNS·2H<inf>2</inf>O) was synthesized using 3, 6-dihydrazine-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine (DHT) and 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) as raw materials and its structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, element analysis and thermogravimetry. The thermal behavior and thermal decomposition products of anhydrous DHT·2DNS were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry combined with Fourier transform infrared analysis (TG-FTIR). The constant-volume combustion heat (Δ<inf>c</inf>U) was determined by an oxygen bomb calorimeter and the standard molar enthalpy of combustion (Δ<inf>c</inf>H<inf>m</inf>&ominus;) and the standard molar enthalpy of formation (Δ<inf>f</inf>H<inf>m</inf>&ominus;) were estimated via the Δ<inf>c</inf>U. The results show that the thermal stability of DHT·2DNS is higher than DHT and its thermal decomposition process can be divided into four stages. Firstly, part of hydroxyl, nitro and carboxyl in DNS ion of DHT·2DNS were removed and hydrazine was decomposed; then, the tetrazine ring and groups on the benzene ring was dissociated, thirdly, benzene ring was broken; finally, the benzene residues kept decomposing. The values of Δ<inf>c</inf>U, Δ<inf>c</inf>H<inf>m</inf>&ominus; and Δ<inf>f</inf>H<inf>m</inf>&ominus; of DHT·2DNS are (-11938.17±25.33)J/g, (-7119.77±15.16)kJ/mol and (-1177.2±11.14)kJ/mol, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:15Main heading:Fourier transform infrared spectroscopyControlled terms:Benzene - Calorimeters - Combustion - Decomposition - Differential scanning calorimetry - Enthalpy - Nitrogen compounds - Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Thermodynamic stability - Thermogravimetric analysis - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:3, 6-dihydrazine-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine - Fourier transform infra reds - Standard molar enthalpy of formation - Tetrazines - TG-FT-IR - Thermal decomposition behavior - Thermal decomposition process - Thermal decomposition products

Classification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 944.5 Temperature Measuring Instruments - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.007


<RECORD 89>

Accession number:20181905139027Title:Extraction of AP in RDX/Al/AP/HTPB Explosive by Ultrasonic Cavitation-surfactant Water Dissolution MethodAuthors:Shi, Teng-Fei (1); Chen, Ming-Hua (2); Ge, Qiang (2); Wang, Shao-Guang (2) Author affiliation:(1) Ammunition Engineering Department, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (2) Ordnance Technology Research Institute, Shijiazhuang; 050000, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:64-67Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To perform the separation and recovery of effective components in RDX/Al/AP/HTPB explosive, the separation process of extracting ammonium perchlorate(AP) in RDX/Al/AP/HTPB explosive by an ultrasonic cavitation-surfactant water dissolution method was studied. The effects of various processing parameters on the extraction rate of AP were discussed. The results show that the surfactant concentration, extraction time and ultrasonic frequency are the main factors affecting the extraction of AP, the type of surfactant is the secondary factor. The effect of ratio of material and solvent and extraction time on the extraction of AP is very little. The optimum processing conditions are as follows: room temperature, extraction time 40min, mass ratio of material and solvent 1∶3, extraction degree one time, ultrasonic power 3.0 kW, Twain 80 with mass fraction of 2.0% as surfactant. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:ExtractionControlled terms:Aluminum - Cavitation - Dissolution - Explosives - Inorganic compounds - Surface active agents

Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium perchlorates - Fuel air explosive - Optimum processing conditions - Processing parameters - Surfactant concentrations - Thermo-baric warhead - Ultrasonic cavitation - Water dissolutionClassification code:541.1 Aluminum - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.2 Inorganic CompoundsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+00%, Power 3.00e+03W, Time 2.40e+03sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.011


<RECORD 90>

Accession number:20181204915697Title:Formation and Photodissociation of Cr-doped Nitrogen Clusters CrN<inf>n</inf>+Authors:Li, Tao-Qi (1); Ding, Ke-Wei (1, 2); Xu, Hong-Guang (3); Bu, Jian-Hua (1, 2); Xiao, Xiao (1); Zheng, Wei-Jun (3); Ge, Zhong-Xue (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an; 710065, China; (3) Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing; 100190, China Corresponding author:Zheng, Wei-Jun([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:55-58Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The substrate with a diameter of 13mm and thickness of 2-5mm was prepared by compressing Cr/boron nitride (BN) mixed powder using a pressing tablet mechine, and then on a reflection type flight time mass spectrometer, using high purity N<inf>2</inf> as carrier gas, the Cr/BN substrate was ablated with the laser, the Cr-doped nitrogen clusters CrN<inf>n</inf>+ (n=2, 4, 6, 8) were generated and its mass spectrogram was obtained. The photodissociation of CrN<inf>6</inf>+ and CrN<inf>8</inf>+ was performed by laser with a wavelength of 266nm, its photodissociation spectrogram was obtained, and the compositions of Cr-doped nitrogen clusters were discussed. The results show that in generated Cr-doped nitrogen clusters

CrN<inf>n</inf>+, CrN<inf>8</inf>+ is more stable, which are composed in a difference of two nitrogen atoms in turn, predicting that CrN<inf>8</inf>+ is composed of Cr+ and N<inf>2</inf>. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:31Main heading:Chromium compoundsControlled terms:Laser ablation - Molecular physics - Nitrogen - Photodissociation - SpectrographsUncontrolled terms:Cr-doped - Flight time - High energy density materials - Mixed powder - Nitrogen atom - Nitrogen clusters - Reflection type - SpectrogramsClassification code:641.2 Heat Transfer - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNumerical data indexing:Size 1.30e-02m, Size 2.00e-03m to 5.00e-03m, Size 2.66e-07mDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.009


<RECORD 91>

Accession number:20181905139085Title:Nano Structuring and Hydrophobic Property Modification of APAuthors:Wu, Jun (1); Li, Zhao-Qian (1); Zhao, Feng-Qi (2); Pei, Chong-Hua (1) Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621010, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Pei, Chong-Hua([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:56-60 and 65Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Hydrophobic AP/CBC nanostructured materials were prepared by the solution dipersion-freeze drying method with ammonium perchlo-rate(AP) and carbonized bacterial cellulose(CBC) as raw materials, using polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimetho-xysilane (FAS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) as modifying agents. The morphology, structure and moisture absorption properties of AP/CBC nanostructured materials were characterized by

field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), contact angle tester, constant temperature and humidity box, laser particle size analyzer, contact angle tester and so on. The results show that compared with pure AP, the morphology change of nano-structure materials is larger, and AP is uniformly distributed in the hole of the three-dimensional net-work. Moreover, the surface of the modified nanostructured material after being modified is uniformly coated with modifier, which helps to form a hydrophobic surface. The contact angels of the AP/CBC nanostructured materials modified by PMHS, FAS, MTES are (109±2)°, (56±2)°, (55±2)°, respectively, which are greatly improved compared with pure AP.The modified AP/CBC nanostructured materials have lower moisture absorption than the pure AP, especially the AP/CBC nanostructured materials modified by PMHS have the lowest moisture absorption of 0.31%. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:Nanostructured materialsControlled terms:Cellulose - Contact angle - Enamels - Field emission microscopes - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Hydrophobicity - Moisture - Nanostructures - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Scanning electron microscopy - Surface chemistryUncontrolled terms:Ammonium perchlorates - Bacterial cellulose - Field emission scanning electron microscopy - Fourier transform infrared spectrometer - Hygroscopicity - Laser particle size analyzer - Modifying agents - Moisture absorption propertyClassification code:741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives - 813.2 Coating Materials - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 3.10e-01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.010


<RECORD 92>

Accession number:20181905139004Title:Sensitivity reduction and modification of CL-20 coated with ACMAuthors:Xing, Jiang-Tao (1); Xu, Wen-Zheng (1); Wang, Jing-Yu (1); Shen, Jin-Tao (1) Author affiliation:(1) College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017

Pages:34-39Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Using CL-20 as the main explosive, three types of acrylic rubber (ACM)(AR-71, AR-12, AR-14) and Estane 5703 as binder and dioctyl adipate (DOA) as plasticizer, the molecular dynamics simulation was conducted and then six kinds of CL-20-based PBXs were prepared by solution-water slurrying method and characterized by FE-SEM, XRD and DSC, and their impact sensitivities were tested. The results show that the plasticizer and ACM are coated on the surface of CL-20 crystal and the particles are spherical or ellipsoidal. CL-20 crystal is still Ε type after being coated. The thermal stability of CL-20 is the best when CL-20 is coated by AR-71. The critical temperature of thermal explosion of CL-20 coated by AR-71 is 2.07℃ higher than that of CL-20 coated by Estane 5703. At the same time, the thermal stability of CL-20/AR-71 system is better than that of CL-20/AR-12 and CL-20/AR-14 in three types of CL-20 coated by the ACM. The binder AR-71 plays a very good role on reducing the sensitivity of CL-20. The introduction of plasticizer can effectively improve the thermal stability of CL-20/AR-71 and CL-20/Estane 5703 composite particles. The thermal stability and thermal safety of CL-20/AR-71/DOA system are the best, while the plasticizer also makes the mechanical sensitivity of CL-20/AR-71 and CL-20/Estane 5703 composite particles decrease. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:13Main heading:Thermodynamic stabilityControlled terms:Binders - Coatings - Molecular dynamics - Plasticizers - Private telephone exchanges - Reinforced plastics - Rubber - System stability - ThermoanalysisUncontrolled terms:Acrylic rubber - Adipates - Composite particles - Critical temperatures - Impact sensitivities - Mechanical sensitivity - Molecular dynamics simulations - Reduced sensitivityClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment - 801 Chemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 813.2 Coating Materials - 817.1 Polymer Products - 818.1 Natural Rubber - 961 Systems ScienceDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.007


<RECORD 93>

Accession number:20181905139025Title:Improved Algorithm of Detonation Products and Parameters Based on the BKW Equation of StateAuthors:He, Wei-Ping (1); Huang, Ju (2); Chen, Hou-He (3); Liu, Xiao-Jing (1); Wang, De-Tang (1, 4) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou College of Industrial Technology,

Xuzhou; Jiangsu; 221140, China; (2) School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou Institute of Technology, Xuzhou; Jiangsu; 221111, China; (3) School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China; (4) Jiangsu Province Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of New Chemical Materials, Xuzhou College of Industrial Technology, Xuzhou; Jiangsu; 221140, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:53-59Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To reduce the difficulty of predicting the detonation products and solving detonation parameters, the equilibrium compositions of detonation products were achieved by linear combination of the basic feasible solutions, which were obtained from the mass conservation equations; and the detonation parameters were further obtained based on equilibrium compositions. The major process was executed as follows: the basic feasible solutions were selected out by the principle of minimum free energy, and the initial solution was given by the principle of largest heat release. The equilibrium compositions of detonation products were linearly searched by uniting the initial solution with the basic feasible solutions, and the above-mentioned operation steps were completed by using self-made program. The parameters of the BKW equation of state were adjusted applying the linear support vector machine (SVM), and its main steps were introduced in detail. The detonation products and parameters of PETN, CL-20 and aluminized explosives were predicted with this method, and after parameter adjustment, it is found that the predicted results and the experimental ones are in better agreement. In comparison with the detonation experiment data of single compound, it is found out that when the BKW equation parameters are adjusted, the energetic materials with more similar percentage of gas fraction in detonation mass to the explosives predicted should be used as the training set of the LS-SVM model. If the detonation parameters of aluminized explosives are predicted, it should use the Al/O ratio close to measured explosive to train the SVM model. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:24Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Equations of state - Free energy - Gibbs free energy - Support vector machinesUncontrolled terms:Aluminized explosives - Equation of state - Equilibrium compositions - Explosion mechanics - Feasible solution - Linear Support Vector Machines - Mass conservation equations - Minimum free energiesClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.009


<RECORD 94>

Accession number:20181905139039Title:Thermodynamic Properties, Non-isothermal Reaction Kinetics and Safety of RDX-based Combustible MaterialsAuthors:Yang, Wei-Tao (1); Zhang, Yu-Cheng (1); Liu, Shao-Wu (1); Zhang, Yuan-Bo (1); Wang, Qiong-Lin (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:19-23 and 32Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:TG and DSC were used to investigate the thermal behaviors of the RDX-based microcellular combustible materials. The exothermic reaction kinetics was studied by non-isothermal DSC. The Kissinger and Ozawa methods were applied to investigate the thermal decomposition kinetics of combustible materials. The compatibility between components was evaluated based on the Kissinger method. The evaluation of heat resistance and moisture absorption were conducted. The results show that the decomposition is viewed as a two-step reaction, the first stage is the endothermic melting reaction without mass loss, the second stage is the exothermic reaction with mass loss. The activation energy obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa methods is similar, and activation energies of combustible materials are lower than that of pure RDX. The compatibility between binders (PMMA and CA) and RDX is good, level 1. The critical temperature of thermal explosion is similar to RDX. Other characteristics of new microcellular combusitble materials are superior to the old ones. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:17Main heading:Reaction kineticsControlled terms:Activation energy - Association reactions - Decomposition - Exothermic reactions - Heat resistance - Isotherms - Kinetics - Microcellular radio systems - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Combustible materials - Critical temperatures - Decomposition performance - Endothermic melting - Moisture absorption - Non-isothermal DSC - Nonisothermal reactions -

Thermal decomposition kineticsClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.003


<RECORD 95>

Accession number:20181905139076Title:Researoh Progress on Fracture Mechanical Behaviors of PBXAuthors:Dong, Tian-Bao (1); Wei, Xing-Wen (1); Zhang, Wei-Yao (1); Gan, Hai-Xiao (1) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621900, China Corresponding author:Wei, Xing-Wen([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:1-7Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:In terms of the commonly used experimental methods, mesoscopic fracture modes, macroscopic fracture mechanics and dynamical fracture, the research works on the fracture mechanical behaviors of PBX at home and abroad were reviewed. The macroscopic and mesoscopic-fracture features and characterization methods of PBX were introduced. The effects of mesostructure, mechanical feature, temperature and loading rate on the fracture behavior of PBX were discussed. It is pointed out that the research on PBX mesocrack initiation and extension, macroscopic fracture initiation mechanism and the crack extension behavior under dynamical loading of PBX should be carried out, and the composite fracture criterion fitted the characteristics of PBX should be established. With 51 references. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:51Main heading:Fracture mechanicsControlled terms:Private telephone exchanges - Superconducting materialsUncontrolled terms:Characterization methods - Dynamical fracture - Experimental methods - Macroscopic fractures - Mechanical behavior - Mechanical feature - Polymer bonded explosives - Solid mechanicsClassification code:708.3 Superconducting Materials - 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment -

931.1 MechanicsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.001


<RECORD 96>

Accession number:20181905139021Title:Thermal Behaviors of the Main Components in Nano-based Fuel Air ExplosiveAuthors:Zhou, Jing (1); An, Jing (1); Ding, Li (1); Zhao, Sheng-Xiang (1); Fang, Wei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Ding, Li([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:31-35Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The thermal behaviors in non-oxidizing environment and closed environment of isopropyl nitrate(IPN), high-density liquid fuels (HLF) and nanometer aluminum powder (nano-Al), as the main components in nano-based Fuel Air Explosive (FAE), were investigated by using DSC and DSC/TG-FTIR-MS coupled technique. The influence of nano-Al powder on the thermal behaviors of the main components in FAE was compared. The results show that the decomposition process of the main components in FAE is mainly divided into two stages: endothermic gasification and exothermic decomposition. IPN and HLF are the main energy source of FAE. The decomposition products of IPN can react with HLF and produce heat. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:13Main heading:FuelsControlled terms:Decomposition - Explosives - PyrolysisUncontrolled terms:Decomposition process - Decomposition products - Endothermic gasification - Exothermic decomposition - Fuel air explosive - High density liquids - Nano- al - Oxidizing environmentsClassification code:802.2 Chemical ReactionsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.005

Funding Details: Number; Acronym; Sponsor: 21473130; NSFC; National Natural Science

Foundation of China - Number; Acronym; Sponsor: 21473131; NSFC; National Natural Science Foundation of China


<RECORD 97>

Accession number:20181905139022Title:Analysis of the Influence of Different Atmospheres on the Characteristics of Ignition and Combustion of Aluminum PowderAuthors:Yang, Jian-Gang (1); Hu, Chun-Bo (1); Deng, Zhe (1); Zhu, Xiao-Fei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermal-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an; 710072, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:3Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:36-40Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the improving effect of fluidization gas on the performances of ignition and combustion for powder propellant, the characteristics of ignition and combustion for aluminum powder were investigated under different atmosphere conditions using the experimental method of CO<inf>2</inf> laser igniter coupled with fiber optic spectrometer. The ignition temperature of aluminum powder under different atmospheres were calculated by measuring temperature method of fitting the spectral signal. The results show that the ignition delay of aluminum powder with the size of 1μm under N<inf>2</inf>O and air atmosphere is 10 and 359ms, respectively, and the transition time from successful ignition to full combustion is 829 and 1579ms, respectively, indicating that the heterogeneous reaction rate of aluminum surface in ignition stage and combustion stage is faster in N<inf>2</inf>O than in air. The ignition temperature of aluminum powder with the size of 1μm in N<inf>2</inf>O and air is 1550-1650 and 1450-1500K, respectively, which are almost the same, but they are obviously lower than the ignition temperature of 2300K of millimeter level aluminum powder, indicating that the particle size has an important effect on the ignition temperature of aluminum powder. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:18Main heading:IgnitionControlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Carbon dioxide lasers - Fluidization - Laser

applications - Particle size - Rocket engines - Surface reactionsUncontrolled terms:Aluminum powders - Experimental methods - Fiber-optic spectrometers - Fluidization gas - Heterogeneous reactions - Ignition delays - Ignition temperatures - Measuring temperatureClassification code:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 521.1 Fuel Combustion - 654.2 Rocket Engines - 744.2 Gas Lasers - 744.9 Laser Applications - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical OperationsNumerical data indexing:Size 1.00e-06m, Temperature 1.45e+03K to 1.50e+03K, Temperature 2.30e+03K, Time 1.00e-02s, Time 1.58e+00s, Time 3.59e-01s, Time 8.29e-01sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.03.006


<RECORD 98>

Accession number:20181905139083Title:Study on Preparation and Properties of TATB/HMX Cocrystal ExplosiveAuthors:Hou, Cong-Hua (1); Liu, Zhi-Qiang (1); Zhang, Yuan-Ping (1); Chen, Yun-Ge (1); Zhang, Shi-Min (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:44-49Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The TATB/HMX cocrystal explosive was prepared by solvent-nonsolvent method under ultrasonic assistance. The influence factors for the forination of TATB/HMX cocrystal were studied. The theoretical density and detonation velocity of TATB/HMX cocrystal explosive were calculated. Its characterization and thermal analysis were carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and its impact sensitivity was tested. The results show that the optimum process conditions of preparing TATB/HMX cocrystal are: [Emim]Ac/DMSO as composite solvent, feed ratio of TATB and HMX as 3:7, temperature as 80℃ and stirring rate as 500r/min. The results show that compared with the raw materials, the structure of TATB/HMX cocrystal molecules changes. The particle size is about 2μm and the morphology is hexagonal. The thermal stability of the cocrystal

explosive is better than that of HMX. The characteristic drop height increases by 74cm compared with the raw HMX, revealing that the impact sensitivity is significantly reduced. Its theoretical density is 1.891g/cm3 and theoretical detonation velocity is 8.758km/s, showing that it has good detonation performance. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Differential scanning calorimetry - HMX - Particle size - Scanning electron microscopy - Solvents - Thermoanalysis - Thermodynamic stabilityUncontrolled terms:Co-crystals - Detonation performance - Impact sensitivities - Non-solvent methods - Optimum process conditions - TATB - Ultrasonic assistance - X ray diffractometersClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 801 Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.89e+03kg/m3, Rotational_Speed 5.00e+02RPM, Size 2.00e-06m, Size 7.40e-01m, Velocity 8.76e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.008


<RECORD 99>

Accession number:20181204915694Title:Synthesis, Characterization and Performances of Five Energetic Ionic Salts Based 4, 6-Dinitro-benzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxideAuthors:Huo, Huan (1); Zhai, Lian-Jie (1); Bi, Fu-Qiang (1, 2); Li, Ya-Nan (1); Jia, Si-Yuan (1); Wang, Bo-Zhou (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Wang, Bo-Zhou([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:36-42Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Using 1, 3, 5-trinitro-2-chloro-benzene and hydrazine hydrate as primary material, 4, 6-dinitrobenzo- triazol-3-ium-1-oxide(DNBTO) was synthesized via one step reaction of substitution

and cyclization with a yield of 55.3%. Five energetic ionic salts, 4, 6-dinitrobenzo-triazol-3-ium-1-oxide hydroxylammonium salt (HA-DNBTO), 4, 6-dinitrobenzo-triazol-3-ium-1-oxide triaminoguanidinium salt (TAG-DNBTO), 4, 6-dinitrobenzo- triazol-3-ium-1-oxide guanylureaium salt (M-DNBTO), bis(4, 6-dinitrobenzo-triazol-3-ium-1-oxide) 3, 6-dihydrazino-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine salt (DHT-DNBTO) and bis(4, 6-dinitrobenzo- triazol-3-ium-1-oxide) oxalylhydrazinium salt (OH-DNBTO), were designed and synthesized by acid-base neutralization and ion exchange etc. reactions and their structures were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The thermal behaviors for DNBTO and its five energetic ionic salts were studied by DSC and TG-DTG.The physicochemical and detonation properties of DNBTO and five energetic ionic salts were calculated by Gaussian 09 program and VLW equation. The results show that the peak temperatures of exothermic decomposition reaction at 10℃/min for DNBTO, HA-DNBTO, TAG-DNBTO, M-DNBTO, DHT-DNBTO and OH-DNBTO were 201.3, 213.0, 209.9, 240.5, 133.7, 197.7℃, respectively, revealing that M-DNBTO has a better thermal stability. The densities of DNBTO and five energetic ionic salts are between 1.59-1.69g/cm3, the detonation velocities are between 6783.6-7681.3m/s, and DHT-DNBTO has the highest enthalpy of formation, which is 1081.4kJ/mol. HA-DNBTO has better detonation property than other DNBTO-base energetic ionic salts. The detonation velocity and pressure of HA-DNBTO are 7681.3m/s and 25.5GPa, respectively. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:11Main heading:Ion exchangeControlled terms:Cyclization - Detonation - Nitrogen compounds - SaltsUncontrolled terms:Acid-base neutralizations - Detonation properties - Detonation velocity - DNBTO - Enthalpy of formation - Exothermic decomposition - Ionic salts - Organic ChemistryClassification code:802.2 Chemical ReactionsNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.59e+03kg/m3 to 1.69e+03kg/m3, Percentage 5.53e+01%, Pressure 2.55e+10Pa, Velocity 6.78e+03m/s to 7.68e+03m/s, Velocity 7.68e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.006


<RECORD 100>

Accession number:20181204915690Title:Progress of Study on Desensitization Techniques and Sensitivity Mechanisms of Composite Modified Double-base PropellantsAuthors:Chen, Jing (1); Wang, Han (1); Liu, Meng (1); Wu, Xiong-Gang (1); Fan, Xue-Zhong (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Fan, Xue-Zhong([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao Xuebao

Volume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:7-16Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Starting from the safety problems faced by high-value weapon platform tactical missiles, the research progress in the desensitizing techniques and sensitivity mechanisms of composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellant energetic components was summarized. From the aspects of modifying/replacing desensitization techniques of energetic filler, desensitization technique of energetic plasticizers and comprehensive desensitization technique etc., the matching technique approach between energy and sensitivity of CMDB propellant was summarized. The research work on the sensitivity mechanism of energetic component and multi components in recent years was introduced. The sensitivity mechanism and prediction method of CMDB propellant were summarized. The research trend show that the new insensitive materials and novel desensitization technique should be further applied to CMDB propellants and the sensitivity prediction method should be combined with the theoretical calculation to improve the development efficiency and comprehensive properties of CMDB propellants. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:100Main heading:Composite propellantsControlled terms:Fillers - Forecasting - Plasticizers - Propellants - Reinforced plastics - SolventsUncontrolled terms:CMDB propellant - Composite-modified double-base propellants - Comprehensive properties - De-sensitization techniques - Energetic plasticizer - Sensitivity mechanisms - Sensitivity prediction - Theoretical calculationsClassification code:803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 817.1 Polymer Products - 951 Materials ScienceDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.002


<RECORD 101>

Accession number:20181905139090Title:Effect of Projectile Rotation Rate on Lateral Effect of PELE Penetrating Reinforced Concrete TargetAuthors:He, Jun (1); Xu, Li-Zhi (2); Cheng, Chun (2); Zheng, Shao-Jun (3); Du, Zhong-Hua (2); Jiang, Hong-Zhang (3) Author affiliation:(1) Anhui Technical College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhu;

Anhui; 241000, China; (2) School of Machinery Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China; (3) Heilongjiang Xinnuo Robot Automation Technology Co. Ltd., Harbin; 150060, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:81-85Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of projectile rotation rate on the lateral effect of penetrator with enhanced lateral effects (PELE)penetrating reinforced concrete target, the numerical simulation of PELE penetrating reinforced concrete target with different rotation rates was performed under the condition of three impact target velocities of 600, 700 and 800m/s, and the simulation model under the conditions of different impact target was verified by testing method. The results show that the error of opening size between the simulation results and the experimental ones is less than 5%, showing that the simulation model can accurately simulate the process of PELE penetrating reinforced concrete target. With increasing the rotation rate, more rotation rate kinetic energy lost translates into the energy that used to break the reinforced concrete target and make the opening size of reinforced concrete target increase. Under the same impact target velocity, opening size is improved by (8±2)% when the rotation rate increases from 10000r/min to 25000r/min. Therefore, increasing projectile rotation rate is beneficial to improve the opening size of the PELE penetrating reinforced concrete target. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:10Main heading:Reinforced concreteControlled terms:Kinetic energy - Kinetics - Numerical methods - Projectiles - RotationUncontrolled terms:Lateral-Effect - Opening sizes - PELE - Penetrator with enhanced lateral effects - Rotation rate - Simulation model - Target velocity - Testing methodClassification code:412 Concrete - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 931.1 MechanicsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+00%, Rotational_Speed 1.00e+04RPM to 2.50e+04RPM, Velocity 7.00e+02m/s, Velocity 8.00e+02m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.015


<RECORD 102>

Accession number:20181905139001Title:Modification of HMX particles by wet milling and study on its mechanical sensitivitiesAuthors:Xiao, Chun (1); Zhu, Qing (1); Xie, Xiao (1); Zheng, Bao-Hui (1); Li, Shang-Bin (1) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621900, China Corresponding author:Zhu, Qing([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:21-24Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The modified HMX crystals with different sizes were obtained by wet milling modification. Their morphologies were characterized by a refractive index matching method and the mechanical sensitivities were measured. The effect of milling speed on the particle diameter of HMX was discussed. The mechanical sensitivities of HMX before and after modification were analyzed and the effect of wet milling on mechanical sensitivities of HMX was also analyzed. The results show that when the milling speed is 0.524m/s, the particles size of HMX is the smallest of 43.1μm, the friction sensitivity of modified HMX decreases by 60%, and impact sensitivity decreases by 68%. And the smaller the size of milled crystal, the higher the characteristic drop height. The influencing mechanism of the particle sizes and internal defects on the mechanical sensitivities is mainly that crystal size decreases and internal defects reduce after milling, the probability of generation and propagation of hot spots in the crystal is decreased when subjected to external forces. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:7Main heading:Milling (machining)Controlled terms:Defects - Grain size and shape - Particle size - Refractive indexUncontrolled terms:Crystal size - Friction sensitivities - Impact sensitivities - Influencing mechanisms - Internal defects - Mechanical sensitivity - Refractive index matching - Wet millingClassification code:604.2 Machining Operations - 741.1 Light/Optics - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%, Size 4.31e-05m, Velocity 5.24e-01m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.004

<RECORD 103>

Accession number:20181905139052Title:Preparation and Characterization of NEPE Propellant SolAuthors:Nie, Hai-Ying (1); Yang, Qiu-Qiu (1); Huang, Zhi-Ping (1); Liu, Zhi-Guo (1); Wei, Xue-Mei (1) Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang; Hubei; 441003, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:84-87 and 93Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The crude sol of nitrate ester plasticizer polyether (NEPE) propellant was prepared by means of ether immersion and chloroform Soxhlet extraction, and the further purification of sol was performed by three ways such as the ether repeated small washing method, chromatography and dialysis. The chemical composition of sol was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation-diode array detector. The results show that the NEPE propellant sol is composed of segments of polyurethane and non reactive polyethylene glycol from the curing reaction of polyethylene glycol with muti-isocyanate.The cost for dialysis is low, the obtained sol is pure and the impurity content is less than 10-5.The molecular weight range of NEPE propellant sol is mainly concentrated in 10000~41800Da, which accounts for about 80% of the total sol. After aging, higher molecular polymer in propellant sol is relatively less. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8Main heading:SolsControlled terms:Characterization - Chlorine compounds - Chromatography - Dialysis - Ethers - Infrared spectroscopy - Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Polyethylene glycols - Polyethylenes - PropellantsUncontrolled terms:Chemical compositions - Curing reactions - Diode array detectors - Impurity content - Molecular polymers - NEPE propellant - Preparation - Soxhlet extractionClassification code:804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 8.00e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.016

<RECORD 104>

Accession number:20181905139051Title:Quantum Chemical Calculation of Forming N-nitrosodimethylamine in the Oxidation of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine by OzoneAuthors:Wang, Li (1); Yao, Xu (2); Yin, Dong-Guang (3); Fan, Chun-Hua (1); Gao, Wen-Liang (4); Tan, Shi-Yu (4) Author affiliation:(1) Rocket Propellant Detection and Protection Center of General Equipment Department, Beijing; 100101, China; (2) Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi'an; 710025, China; (3) Taizhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Taizhou; Zhejiang; 318000, China; (4) Chemical Engineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing; 400044, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:79-83Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Using density functional theory (DFT)-B3LYP method, the theoretical study on the correlative reaction mechanism of forming N-nitrosodimethylamine (DMNA) in the oxidation process of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine(UDMH)by ozone was performed. The molecular configurations of various reactants, transition states, intermediates and products were optimized. The energy analysis and tracking of reaction path were carried out. The results show that UDMH is firstly oxidized into an intermediate named 1, 1-dimethyldiazene, and then the intermediate is oxidized into DMNA. The reaction heat of the two steps reaction obtained by calculated is 97.53 and 217.74 kJ/mol, respectively. The reaction is easy to carry out. According to the energy data, the probable reaction mechanism of DMNA generation can be predicted. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:Density functional theoryControlled terms:Oxidation - Ozone - Quantum chemistry - Steel beams and girdersUncontrolled terms:Correlative reactions - DMNA - Molecular configurations - N-nitrosodimethylamine - Quantum chemical calculations - Reaction mechanism - UDMH - Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazineClassification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 922.1 Probability Theory

DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.015


<RECORD 105>

Accession number:20181905139002Title:Optimization of synthetic method of 2, 6-diamino-pyrazine-1-oxideAuthors:Wang, Jin-Min (1); Du, Yang (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China Corresponding author:Du, Yang([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:25-27 and 44Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:2, 6-Diamino-pyrazine-1-oxide(DAPO) was synthesized by two-step reactions of nitrosylation and cyclization, using iminodiacetonitrile as starting material. The total yield of DAPO was 66.6%. Its structure was characterized by 1H NMR, IR and MS. The effects of catalyst, dosage of sodium hydroxide and initial temperature etc factors for cyclization reaction on the total yield of DAPO were investigated. Triethylamine used in traditional synthesis method was replaced by sodium hydroxide as the catalyst. The optimum process conditions of preparing DAPO via cyclization reaction were determined as∶ONN(CH<inf>2</inf>CN)<inf>2</inf>∶NH<inf>2</inf>OH·HCl∶NaOH=1.0∶0.6∶1.0 (mass ratio), the initial temperature was 5-10℃, the reaction time was 30min, then, the reaction temperature was 20℃, the reaction time was 2h. The results show that compared with the method of triethylamine as catalyst, the yield of synthesizing DAPO by cyclization reaction is significantly increased from 57.0% to 78.7% with sodium hydroxide as catalyst. According to the synthetic process of DAPO, the cyclization mechanism of DAPO is proposed: nucleophilic addition occurs between hydroxylamine and N-nitrosobis(cyanomethyl)amine, generating the condensation product of N-nitroso-bis(cyanomethyl)amine, this compound cyclizes with hydroxylamine under the effect of alkali, and the final product DAPO is obtained. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:8

Main heading:CyclizationControlled terms:Addition reactions - Amines - Catalysts - Reaction kinetics - Sodium hydroxideUncontrolled terms:2, 6-diamino-pyrazine-1-oxide - DAPO - Iminodiacetonitrile - Organic Chemistry - Synthetic optimizationClassification code:802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic CompoundsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 5.70e+01% to 7.87e+01%, Percentage 6.66e+01%, Time 1.80e+03s, Time 7.20e+03sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.005


<RECORD 106>

Accession number:20181905139006Title:Numerical simulation and safety evaluation of ultrasonic washing for RDXAuthors:Jiang, Yun-Yun (1); Wu, Peng-Fei (2); Bai, Li-Rong (3); Han, Bo (1); Wang, Jin-Bo (1); Bai, Li-Xin (2) Author affiliation:(1) China Wuzhou Engineering Group Corporation Ltd., Beijing; 100053, China; (2) Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100190, China; (3) Shandong Institute of Coal Technology, Zibo; Shandong; 255120, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:1Issue date:February 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:45-48Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:A numerical simulation model for the collapse of cavitation bubble in the process of RDX ultrasonic washing was established and theoretical analysis was performed from the microscopic point of view. Some potential initiation risks of bubble collapse such as high temperature, shock wave and instantaneous energy release were studied. The results show that the existence space of the bubble is small and the lived time is very short(10-9s magnitude). In the collapse process of bubble, the pulse temperature is high but does not meet the initiation conditions; though the pulse pressure is high, the shock wave decays rapidly in water, and the heat will be quickly absorbed by water; the bubble collapse energy obtained by theoretical calculation is several orders of magnitude smaller than the minimum ignition energy of RDX. The ultrasonic washing technology used to clean RDX particles is safe. © 2017, Editorial

Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:WashingControlled terms:Accident prevention - Bubble formation - Cavitation - Computer simulation - Ignition - Numerical models - Shock wavesUncontrolled terms:Cavitation bubble - High temperature - Microscopic points - Minimum ignition energy - Orders of magnitude - Safety evaluations - Theoretical calculations - Ultrasonic washingClassification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 631.1.2 Gas Dynamics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921 Mathematics - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; RelativityDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.01.009


<RECORD 107>

Accession number:20181905139045Title:Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Dipotassium 1, 1'-Dinitramino-5, 5'-azobitetrazolateAuthors:Li, Ya-Nan (1, 2); Zhang, Sheng-Yong (1, 2); Shu, Yuan-Jie (1, 2); Liu, Ya-Jing (1, 2); Wang, Bo-Zhou (1, 2); Bi, Fu-Qiang (1, 2); Zhai, Lian-Jie (1, 2) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:52-56Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Dipotassium 1, 1'-dinitramino-5, 5'-azobitetrazolate (K<inf>2</inf>DNAABT) was synthesized using hydrazine hydrate and cyanogen azide as starting materials via the reactions of cyclization, condensation, oxidation coupling, acidolysis, nitration and neutralization. The structure of target compound was characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal behavior of K<inf>2</inf>DNAABT was investigated by DSC and TG. Based on crystal density and calculated heat of formation, the detonation parameters of K<inf>2</inf>DNAABT were predicted by EXPLO5 program software. The results show that the decomposition peak temperature of

K<inf>2</inf>DNAABT is 194.27°C, the crystal density of K<inf>2</inf>DNAABT is 2.11g/cm3, its heat of formation is 617.0kJ/mol, detonation velocity is 8367m/s and detonation pressure is 31.5GPa, showing that it has good heat stability and excellent detonation performance, and is expected to be used as green alternative for lead (II) azide. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:16Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Condensation reactions - Crystal structure - Hydration - Hydrazine - Lead compounds - Single crystals - ThermochemistryUncontrolled terms:1, 1'-dinitramino-5, 5'-azobitetrazolate - Cyanogen azide - Hydrazine hydrate - K2DNAABY - Organic ChemistryClassification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 933.1.1 Crystal LatticeNumerical data indexing:Mass_Density 2.11e+03kg/m3, Pressure 3.15e+10Pa, Temperature 4.67e+02K, Velocity 8.37e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.009


<RECORD 108>

Accession number:20181905139077Title:Research Progress on Chemical Recognition of Aging of HTPB PropellantAuthors:Fan, Lin (1); Hu, Si-Hai (1); Wu, Yao-Guo (1); Yao, Hai-Rui (1); Zhou, Bo (1); Xin, Xu (1) Author affiliation:(1) Department of Applied Chemistry, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an; 710072, China Corresponding author:Wu, Yao-Guo([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:8-14Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Taking HTPB propellant as an example, the research progress of chemical identification on aging of propellant at home and abroad was reviewed from several aspects of changes in chemical compositions of its oxidizing agents, adhesives, chemical function composition and so on, and in structural characteristics of carbon carbon double bond, hydroxyl, epoxy, molecular

weight and so on, and the dehydration phenomenon, oxidation crosslinking reaction etc. caused by these changes as identification criteria. The further research problems of developing the comprehensive uses of chemical changes and their effects, the research of spatial location changes of chemical composition and the application of nondestructive testing technology were pointed out and the future prospects were also proposed. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:38Main heading:CrosslinkingControlled terms:Carbon - Chemical bonds - HTPB propellants - Nondestructive examination - Physical chemistryUncontrolled terms:Carbon-carbon double bonds - Chemical compositions - Chemical identification - Chemical recognition - Crosslinking reaction - Identification criterion - Non destructive testing - Structural characteristicsClassification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products GenerallyDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.002


<RECORD 109>

Accession number:20181204915692Title:Ballistic Testing and Thermal Behavior of Cast Double-base Propellant Containing BuNENAAuthors:Maraden, Ahmed (1); Stojan, Petr (2); Matya&scaron;, Robert (1); Zigmund, Jan (3) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Energetic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Czech Republic; (2) OZM Research, s.r.o., Blížňovice 32, Hrochuv Týnec; 538 62, Czech Republic; (3) Explosia a.s., Semtín 107, Pardubice; 530 02, Czech Republic Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:6Issue date:December 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:23-28Language:EnglishISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Preparation of cast double-propellant grains depends on the ability of nitrocellulose powder to swell and coalesce into a coherent mass when treated with a suitable solvent. The cast double-base process has been developed into a highly versatile technique for manufacturing solid

rocket charges. Propellants manufactured by this process provide a wide range of energies and burning rates. Successful preparation of cast double-base propellant grains has been performed using compatible casting liquid with the casting powder. BuNENA was used as an energetic plasticizer for manufacturing of casting powder. Burning rate measurements have been performed using closed bomb SV-2 to investigate the burning behavior along a wide range of operating pressure. Plateau burning had been detected in pressure range (50-70)×105 Pa for the composition included BuNENA. DTA and TGA thermal analysis were conducted to evaluate the thermal behavior of the prepared cast double-base propellants. Results from DTA were used to calculate the apparent activation energy. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:35Main heading:Differential thermal analysisControlled terms:Activation energy - Explosives - Manufacture - Plasticizers - Propellants - Reinforced plastics - Rockets - ThermoanalysisUncontrolled terms:Apparent activation energy - Ballistic testing - Burning behavior - Burning rate - Double-base propellant - Energetic plasticizer - Operating pressure - Thermal behaviorsClassification code:537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 801 Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 817.1 Polymer ProductsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.06.004


<RECORD 110>

Accession number:20181905139043Title:Synthesis and Characterization of 4,5-Bis(tetrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole and Its Energetic SaltsAuthors:Zhang, Yan-Fang (1); Xiong, Hua-Lin (1); Lin, Qiu-Han (1); Cheng, Guang-Bin (1); Yang, Hong-Wei (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China Corresponding author:Yang, Hong-Wei([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:41-46Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry Corporation

Abstract:4,5-Bis(tetrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole was synthesized by diazotization coupling reaction and [2+3] azo cycloaddition reaction and seven types of energetic nitrogen-rich salts were synthesized via. metathesis reactions using 4,5-dicyano-1,2,3-triazole as raw material. The structures of compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR.Their thermal behaviors were studied by DSC. Theoretical densities and standard enthalpies of formation of each compound were calculated based on B3LYP/6-311G** method, and the detonation velocities and detonation pressures of compounds were estimated by EXPLO5. The results show that eight types of compounds have better thermal stability. Their enthalpies of formation are between 647.4 kJ/mol and 1579.4kJ/mol.Their detonation velocities are between 7652m/s and 8389m/s.The detonation pressures are higher than 20 GPa except for compound 2. The amounts of gas production of other compounds are greater than 800L/kg under the standard condition, except for compounds 1,7 and 8, which are potential gas generators. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:17Main heading:DetonationControlled terms:Chemical bonds - Cycloaddition - Enthalpy - Gas generators - Nitrogen compounds - SaltsUncontrolled terms:Energetic ion salts - High-nitrogen compound - Organic Chemistry - Tetrazoles - TriazoleClassification code:522 Gas Fuels - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical ReactionsNumerical data indexing:Pressure 2.00e+10Pa, Specific_Volume 8.00e-01m3/kg, Velocity 7.65e+03m/s to 8.39e+03m/sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.007


<RECORD 111>

Accession number:20181905139055Title:Research Progress in the Safety of Foreign Naval AmmunitionAuthors:Fan, Shi-Feng (1); Dong, Ping (2); Li, Xin (3); Liang, Zheng-Feng (3) Author affiliation:(1) Naval Equipment Department, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) The 8th Institute of Shanghai Academy of Space Flight Technology, Shanghai; 200233, China; (3) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:101-106

Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The research progress in naval ammunition security of NATO led by the USA, mainly including the ammunition safety development history, ammunition safety test method, evaluation and assessment of reaction grade and the factors affecting the safety of ammunition, was reviewed. On this basis, the research ideas and research achievements in the ammunition safety design in USA were detaily introduced, mainly including explosive and charge design, structural design of ammunition, and packaging structure design. Finally some suggestions on the safety of China's naval ammunition were put forward, with 36 references. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:35Main heading:AmmunitionControlled terms:Safety testing - Structural designUncontrolled terms:Charge designs - Evaluation and assessment - Packaging structure - Research achievements - Safety design - Safety developmentClassification code:404.1 Military Engineering - 408.1 Structural Design, General - 914.1 Accidents and Accident PreventionDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.019


<RECORD 112>

Accession number:20181905139041Title:Preparation of PbSnO<inf>3</inf>@rGO Nanocomposite and Its Effect on the Thermal Decomposition of CL-20Authors:Zhang, Jian-Kan (1); Zhao, Feng-Qi (1); Xu, Si-Yu (1); Yang, Yan-Jing (1); Ran, Ying-Jiu (2) Author affiliation:(1) Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) Xi'an North Qinchuan Group Co., Ltd, Xi'an; 710043, China Corresponding author:Zhao, Feng-Qi([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:33-36Language:ChineseISSN:10077812

CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:PbSnO<inf>3</inf>@reduced graphene oxide (PbSnO<inf>3</inf>@rGO) nanocomposite was prepared using a hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD and SEM. The catalytic effects of reduced PbSnO<inf>3</inf>-TDI (r-PbSnO<inf>3</inf>-TDI) and prepared PbSnO<inf>3</inf>@rGO on the thermal decomposition of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtane (CL-20) were analyzed by DSC method. The results show that rGO as substrate supported PbSnO<inf>3</inf> can effectively solve the problem of aggregation of PbSnO<inf>3</inf> nanoparticles and greatly improve the dispersion of nanoparticles. PbSnO<inf>3</inf>@rGO has good catalytic activity on the thermal decomposition of CL-20. PbSnO<inf>3</inf>@rGO makes the decomposition peak temperature of CL-20 reduce by 1.32℃, the apparent decomposition heat of CL-20 increase by 250J/g and apparent activation energy of the thermal decomposition of CL-20 decrease from 222.4kJ/mol to 181.1kJ/mol. Compared with r-PbSnO<inf>3</inf>-TDI, PbSnO<inf>3</inf>@rGO shows better catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of CL-20. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:12Main heading:Tin compoundsControlled terms:Activation energy - Catalyst activity - Decomposition - Graphene - Lead compounds - Nanocomposites - Nanoparticles - Pyrolysis - ThermolysisUncontrolled terms:Apparent activation energy - Catalytic effects - Dispersion of nano particles - Hydrothermal methods - Peak temperatures - Photocalalyst - Reduced graphene oxidesClassification code:761 Nanotechnology - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 933 Solid State PhysicsNumerical data indexing:Specific_Energy 2.50e+05J/kgDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.005


<RECORD 113>

Accession number:20181905139091Title:Dynamical Mechanism for Reducing Burning Rate of Solid PropellantAuthors:Wu, Shi-Xi (1); Miao, Nan (1); Yao, Nan (1); Li, Zhong-You (1); Tang, Cheng-Zhi (1); Pang, Ai-Min (1) Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang; Hubei; 441003, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017

Publication year:2017Pages:86-91Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Based on the Langmuir adsorption theory and proton transfer mechanism of AP decomposition, the conservation of matter between solid and gas phases was utilized to determine the concentrations of NH<inf>3</inf> and HClO<inf>4</inf> in the gas phase for AP decomposing at different rates. Combining the gas concentrations with the reactions occurring on the solid-gas interfaces, a dynamic mechanism is proposed to elucidate the effects of changes in pressure on propellant burning rates, and physical processes had been deduced.According to experiments of AP/burning rate inhibitor (CaCO<inf>3</inf> or NH<inf>4</inf>C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>), results of both TG-DSC and burning rate test were compared. The results show that this mechanism can explain the processes that negative burning-rate catalysts act to effect the burning rates and pressure exponents. CaCO<inf>3</inf> can decrease the thermal decomposition temperature of AP.So it is useful for controlling the pressure cxponents of propellants at high pressure.Nevertheless, NH<inf>4</inf>C<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> do not have this effect. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:19Main heading:Phase interfacesControlled terms:Calcite - Calcium carbonate - Chlorine compounds - Decomposition - Gases - Pressure effects - Solid propellantsUncontrolled terms:Ammonium perchlorates - Burning rate - Burning rate catalyst - Dynamical mechanisms - Langmuir adsorption theory - Propellant burning rate - Proton-transfer mechanism - Thermal decomposition temperatureClassification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.1 MechanicsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.016


<RECORD 114>

Accession number:20181905139050Title:Numerical Simulation of Interference Self Forging Projectile from Linear Shaped ChargeAuthors:Ruan, Guang-Guang (1); Wang, Feng-Ying (1); Yue, Ji-Wei (1); Shi, Jun-Lei (1) Author affiliation:(1) School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao Xuebao

Volume:40Issue:2Issue date:April 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:75-78Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To study the effect of linear shaped charge on the interference of self forging projectile at different angles, the whole process of interference self forging projectile from linear shaped charge at different angles (0°, 30°, 60°and 90°) and penetrating into No.45 steel plate after the self forging projectile was intercepted was numerically simulated by finite element software ANSYS/ls-dyna.The three stages of physical change in the process of penetrating the No.45 steel plate of self forging projectile with the jet head of shaped charge before meeting, meeting process and after meeting were analyzed through the Lsprepost postprocessing software. The optimum interferencing angle of interferencing the self forging projectile from linear shaped charge was determined through the comparative analysis of deflection distance, broken degree, penetration ability etc. after the self forging projectile is interference.The results show that the linear shaped charge can effectively interfere with self forging projectile, and the interference angle has a great influence on the effect of interference. In the range of 0° to 90°, the effect of interference is best when the interference angle is 60°. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:7Main heading:ForgingControlled terms:Computer simulation - Numerical models - Projectiles - Shaped charges - Wave interferenceUncontrolled terms:Comparative analysis - Finite element software - Interference angle - Linear shaped charges - Penetration - Penetration ability - Physical changes - Whole processClassification code:535.2.2 Metal Forming Practice - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921 MathematicsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.02.014


<RECORD 115>

Accession number:20181905139069Title:Effect of Fluoride Coating on Catalytic Reaction Efficiency of Magnesium Aluminum Alloy with WaterAuthors:Huang, Hai-Tao (1); Xie, Wu-Xi (1); Liu, Yun-Fei (1); Bao, Yuan-Peng (1); Zou, Mei-Shuai

(2); Wang, Chuan-Hua (2) Author affiliation:(1) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China; (2) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:73-77Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:To improve the reaction efficiency of aluminum in the Al/Mg alloy with water, the surface coating of Al/Mg alloy powder was performed with fluoride. The reaction products of the alloy powders with high temperature water were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and laser particle size analyzer. The effect of different proportions of fluoride on the catalytic reaction efficiency of Al/Mg alloy with water at high temperature was compared and studied. The results show that the particle size of reaction products of Al/Mg alloy coated fluorides decrease and the dispersity was obviously improved. The combustion products in solid state mainly include MgO, Al<inf>2</inf>MgO<inf>4</inf> and Al, meaning that Al does not react completely. The reaction efficiency of aluminum in alloy powder coating with fluorides was significantly improved, in which, the reaction efficiency of alloy powder coating with 2% Viton and 2% organic fluoride is up to 89.7%, which is 14.6% higher than that of the uncoated sample. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:15Main heading:Aluminum alloysControlled terms:Aluminum coatings - Aluminum compounds - Catalysis - Coatings - Efficiency - Fluorine compounds - Magnesia - Magnesium alloys - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Powder coatings - Powder metals - Reaction products - Scanning electron microscopyUncontrolled terms:Alloy powder - Fluoride - High-temperature water - Hydro-reactive metals - Reaction efficiencyClassification code:541.2 Aluminum Alloys - 542.2 Magnesium and Alloys - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 813.2 Coating Materials - 913.1 Production Engineering - 951 Materials ScienceNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.46e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 8.97e+01%DOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.014

<RECORD 116>

Accession number:20181905139078Title:Thermal Analysis of Interaction of Na<inf>2</inf>·cis-BNT and G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT with Some Energetic ComponentsAuthors:Chen, Xiang (1); Zhang, Cong (1); Yan, Biao (1); Pei, Jiang-Feng (2); Ma, Hai-Xia (1) Author affiliation:(1) College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an; 710069, China; (2) Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an; 710065, China Corresponding author:Ma, Hai-Xia([email protected])Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:4Issue date:August 1, 2017Publication year:2017Pages:15-22Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:The compatibility of sodium and guanidinium salts of bis(3-(5-nitro-1, 2, 4-triazole))(Na<inf>2</inf>·cis-BNT, G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT) with cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine(RDX), cyclotetramethyle-netetranitroamine(HMX) and 3, 3-diazidomethyl oxetane-glycidyl azide polymer(BAMO-GAP), and the thermal behaviors of the mixture system were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry-derivative thermogravimetry (TG-DTG). The effect of sample preparation methods (grinding method or solvent method) on the compatibility of mixed system was preliminarily explored. The results show that there are some differences in compatibility results of the mixed system obtained by dry method and wet method for Na<inf>2</inf>·cis-BNT and G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT, When the binary systems are prepared by grinding method, the Na<inf>2</inf>·cis-BNT/RDX system is compatible, Na<inf>2</inf>·cis-BNT/HMX system is slightly sensitive, which is suitable for short-term use, while G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT/RDX system is sensitive and G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT/HMX system is incompatible. When the binary systems are prepared by solvent method, the mixtures of Na<inf>2</inf>·cis-BNT with RDX, HMX, BAMO-GAP and G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT with BAMO-GAP are compatible, but the mixtures of G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT/RDX and G<inf>2</inf>·trans-BNT/HMX are sensitive, which are not suitable for use. The sample preparation methods have an influence on the compatibilities of HMX based mixtures for its heterogeneous thermal decomposition process. Therefore, when the compatibility is determined by DSC, the mixing method of the sample prearation needs to be clearly explained and the final judgment shall be combined with other methods. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.

Number of references:13Main heading:Binary mixturesControlled terms:Calorimeters - Decomposition - Differential scanning calorimetry - Explosives - Grinding (machining) - Reaction kinetics - Solvents - Systems (metallurgical) - Thermoanalysis - Thermogravimetric analysisUncontrolled terms:Compatibility - Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) - Derivative thermogravimetry - Glycidyl azide polymer - Grinding methods - Sample preparation methods - Solvent method - Thermal decomposition processClassification code:604.2 Machining Operations - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 944.5 Temperature Measuring Instruments - 944.6 Temperature MeasurementsDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.04.003


<RECORD 117>

Accession number:20181905139059Title:Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer on One-dimensional Time-to-Explosion TestAuthors:Wu, Song (1); Chen, Jun (1); Li, Ming-Hai (1) Author affiliation:(1) Institute of System Engineering, CAEP, Mianyang; Sichuan; 621900, China Source title:Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and PropellantsAbbreviated source title:Huozhayao XuebaoVolume:40Issue:5Issue date:2017Publication year:2017Pages:39-44Language:ChineseISSN:10077812CODEN:HUXUFPDocument type:Journal article (JA)Publisher:China Ordnance Industry CorporationAbstract:Aiming at the main heat trasfer problems involved in the heating process, the complex heat transfer model of air layer and the thermal decomposition heat release numerical model of explosive were established, respectively. The effects of system emissivity and convective heat transfer coefficient of air on the thermal ignition delay time of RDX, HMX, HTPB explosive samples when heating by oil bath and air bath at 473K were calculated and analyzed. The results show that the ignition time of RDX by oil bath and air bath under the temperature of 473K are 151.7s and 3372.6s, respectively, showing that under the same temperature and explosive, the thermal ignition delay time under oil bath heating was far less than that under air bath heating. As air bath heating, the ignition delay time increases with the decrease of the emissivity under the same temperature and explosive. The ignition delay time of RDX, HMX and TATB increase by

180.1%, 168.9% and 169.3% respectively when the emissivity decreases from 0.9 to 0.1. The thermal ignition delay time increases with the decreases of the convective heat transfer coefficient under the same temperature and the same emissivity. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Explosives & Propellants. All right reserved.Number of references:9Main heading:IgnitionControlled terms:Decomposition - Electromagnetic wave emission - Explosives - Heat convection - Heat transfer coefficients - Heating - Numerical modelsUncontrolled terms:Air baths - Convective heat transfer Coefficient - Emissivity - Heat transfer model - Ignition delay time - Oil baths - Simulation of heat transfer - Thermal ignitionClassification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 921 MathematicsNumerical data indexing:Percentage 1.69e+02%, Percentage 1.80e+02%, Temperature 4.73e+02K, Time 1.52e+02s, Time 3.37e+03sDOI:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2017.05.007

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