i can distinguish the types of validity distinguish the types of reliability identify if an example...
TRANSCRIPT
I Can I Can
• Distinguish the types of validity
• Distinguish the types of reliability
• Identify if an example is objective or subjective
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Validity
When a test measures what it claims to Face Validity
A basic form of validity which determines if a measure appears (on the face of it) to measure what it is supposed to measure.
Content Validity
Each test item is representative of the subject that the test covers
Does a test measure your knowledge or mastery of a topic?
Criterion Validity
The performance of the test taker is measured against a specific learning goal.Does it meet the criteria?
If we find out there is a high correlation between student grades in high-school and their success in college we would say there is high criterion-related validity
Item Analysis
This is done to examine how a test is related to learning objectives
For example…Creating the MCAS test
This is done to examine how a test is related to learning objectives
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Reliability A test that yields
the same results over time
Test-Retest ReliabilityPeople get the same score when
they take the test more than once
Split-Half Reliability A measure of the reliability in
which a test is split into two parts and an individual’s score on both parts are compared
Inter-Rater ReliabilityMeasures how similarly two
different test scorers would score the same
test
The administration of the test and the scoring guidelines are the same for each student
The results can then be used to draw conclusions about the test takers with respect to the test objectives.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
The Normal Distribution of IQ ScoresThe Normal Distribution of IQ Scores
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200100
Few
Many
Num
ber
of P
erso
ns
IQ
Nor
mal
Ran
ge
Normal Range : Scores falling near the middle of a normal distribution
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Types of TestsTypes of Tests1. Objective Tests1. Objective Tests Can be scored easily by Can be scored easily by
a machinea machine
true/false, multiple true/false, multiple choice, anything you choice, anything you can scantroncan scantron
2. Subjective Tests2. Subjective Tests
IndividualsIndividuals are asked to write answers rather are asked to write answers rather than choose from a set of possible answersthan choose from a set of possible answers
Subjective tests are more challenging and
expensive to prepare, administer and evaluate correctly, but they can be more valid.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ethics and Standards in TestingEthics and Standards in Testing
Ethical concerns related to testing involve:--The confidentiality of the test results
--How to report the results
--How to use the test to compare individuals
--The impact of tests on society as a whole