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Table of Contents

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Introduction........................................... 1-1General Information...................................... 1-1Principles Of Operation .................................... 1-1Temperature Effects....................................... 1-3Polyhalide Complex Formation ............................... 1-4Sample Requirements..................................... 1-4

Instrument Description................................... 2-1Component Descriptions ................................... 2-1

Instrument Preparation................................... 3-1Unpacking The Instrument................................. 3-1Mounting The Monitor.................................... 3-2Plumbing.............................................. 3-3Power Supply ............................................ 3-4Recorder/Alarm Outputs................................... 3-4

Instrument Setup ....................................... 4-1Pre-Operation........................................... 4-1Flow Cell Block......................................... 4-2Sample, Reagent and Air Pumps .............................. 4-3Fluidics Panel........................................... 4-4Electronics Connectors .................................... 4-4Electrical Connections..................................... 4-5

Instrument Start-Up..................................... 5-1Reagent Preparation ...................................... 5-1Start-Up Operation....................................... 5-2

Calibration ............................................ 6-1Chemical Standards....................................... 6-1Preparing Standards Using the Calibration Kit ................... 6-2Preparing Standards Using Standard Reagents .................... 6-3Calibration Procedure for Two Decade Measurements ............. 6-4High Range Calibration Procedure for Two Decade Measurements .... 6-6Grab Sample Analysis..................................... 6-8Regulatory Compliance.................................... 6-9Continuous Online Operation ............................... 6-9Calibration Procedure for Four Decade Measurements ............. 6-9

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Maintenance........................................... 7-1Required Materials....................................... 7-1Weekly Maintenance...................................... 7-2Monthly Maintenance..................................... 7-2Quarterly Maintenance.................................... 7-3Yearly Maintenance....................................... 7-8Instrument Shutdown..................................... 7-8

Electronics Assembly..................................... 8-1Theory Of Operation ..................................... 8-1Input Stage............................................. 8-1Output Stage............................................ 8-2Voltage To Current Converter (E to I Converter) ................. 8-2Quick Electronics Performance Check ......................... 8-3Electronics Calibration Procedure ............................. 8-3

Customer Services....................................... 9-1Troubleshooting......................................... 9-1Assistance ............................................. 9-4Warranty .............................................. 9-4Wiring Diagram......................................... 9-5Ordering Information..................................... 9-6Specifications ............................................ 9-8

Chapter 1 Introduction

General Information The Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 chlorine monitor is designed for thecontinuous measurement of total residual chlorine in water within theconcentration range of 0.001 to 10 ppm. The instrument will respondto changes in chlorine concentration in this range within 90 seconds andexhibit full response in less than 10 minutes. Outputs are compatible withstandard recorders and alarms.

The chemistry employed in the monitor is the EPA approved iodometricmethod for total residual chlorine, where iodide added to the sample streamreacts with any chlorine present and is converted to iodine. The iodineis sensed directly by a combination solid-state electrode. Refer to thePrinciples of Operation and Regulatory Compliance sections for details.

Unique systems for sample stream handling and reagent purificationcombine with the advanced stare of electrode technology to providereliability and concomitant sensitivity which are not possible with othermethods. A unique fluid handling design, incorporating thoroughly testedcomponents, makes the Orion 1770 chlorine monitor a low maintenance,yet highly accurate instrument for continuous, online chlorinemeasurements even for samples containing appreciable suspended solids.

The Orion 1770 chlorine monitor has been designed for monitoringchlorine in dirty water, i.e. water without pre-filtration. Continuousmonitors often fail, not because of inherent limitations in the sensors orchemistries employed, but because of fouling by suspended particulatesand biological growth. When measuring substances such as chloride, thefouling problem can sometimes be solved simply by pre-filtration of thesample. Sample filtration, however, cannot be used when monitoringreactive species such as chlorine. Organic material and biogrowth tendsto deposit onto the filter. When sample flows through this coating,the concentrated material exerts a chlorine demand and the chlorineconcentration in the filtered sample can be very much lower than is actuallypresent in the unfiltered sample.

Principles of Operation

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770) Chlorine Monitor User Guide -1-1

In the Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 chlorine monitor, the sample streamenters the inlet block and the flow is directed at high velocity parallel tothe inlet screen. Less than 1% of this flow is taken through the screeninto the monitor. As a consequence of the low flow that goes through thescreen as compared to the bypass flow, the surface of the screen is subjectto considerable shear which effectively keeps its surface dean. This designallows the monitor to be used on unfiltered samples.

After entering the inlet line, the sample is pumped to the flow cell block.lodometric reagent, having passed through a purification column toremove any background iodine that might have formed during storage, isdelivered to the block by a separate reagent pump. Sample and reagent arecombined within the flow cell block and agitated by a stream of air. Thereagent, which contains sufficient acid to produce a pH between 3.0 and4.0 (depending upon the alkalinity of the sample), also contains iodide.The turbulent mitue is directed out of the flow cell block, through amixing loop and, under these conditions, any total residual chlorine reactscompletely in the mixing loop with iodide to.-form iodine:

Cl2 + 2I -- 12 + 2C1-

The concentration of iodine formed is equal to the sample chlorineconcentration before reaction.

After the formation of iodine in the mixing loop, the sample stream returnsto the flow cell block where ft is directed against a sensing electrode. Theturbulence in the mixing loop and agitation against the electrode not onlypromote mixing but, equally important, prevent fouling of the electrode bysuspended solids.

The electrode contains a platinum (redox) sensing element and an iodidesensing element. The platinum element develops a potential that dependsupon the relative concentration of iodine and iodide ion in solution:

E1= Eo + (S/2) log [123 / [I']2

E1 = Eo + (S/2) log [12] - S log [I-]

where:E1 = potential developed by platinum elementE0 = a cell constantS = monovalent electrode slope (58 mV/decade at 20 °C)[123 = iodine concentration (moles/liter)[E-] = iodide ion concentration (moles/liter)

1-2 1-2 Thermo Scientific Orlon 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide

The iodide sensing element develops a potential that depends upon theiodide ion concentration in solution:

E2= o - S log [I-I]

where:E2= potential developed by iodide sensing element

Eoi = a constant

The monitor measures the difference between the potentials developed atthe two sensing elements:

E = 1- E= Eo11 + Sf2 log ['21

where:B = potential at monitorEoii= Eo - Eoi= aconstant

The electrode, because of the combination of platinum and iodide sensingelements, measures only the iodine concentration, which is equal to thetotal residual chlorine in the sample prior to reaction with the iodidereagent. After suitable calibration, the potential is converted by analogelectronics to read directly at the monitor as chlorine concentration in ppm.The instrument is calibrated by using iodate solutions of known equivalentresidual chlorine concentration, instead of employing hypochlorite orchlorine water, which are unstable. A three-way valve allows standardinstead of sample to be pumped through the monitor.

There are two additional factors, temperature and polyhalide complexformation, which could influence t~he potential developed at the electrodeand subsequently affect the indicated chlorine concentration. They arenot important operationally in that they have been fully considered in thedesign of the monitor, but, nonetheless, are worth nothing.

As is true of any electrochemical process, the electrode response isdependent upon the sample temperature, i.e. the electrode potentialdeveloped at a constant iodine concentration will vary slightly dependingon sample/electrode temperature. Also, the chemistry of the iodine systemhas a relatively large temperature coefficient. However, temperaturecompensation circuitry has been incorporated into the electronics thatwill automatically compensate for the overall temperature coefficient. TheATC circuitry is keyed by a thermistor located in a tee connection on thedischarge leg from the flow cell block

Temperature Effects

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide13 1-3

Polyhalide ComplexFormation In the presence of excess iodide, iodine will react with iodide to givetni-iodide ion, 13". Because 13- does not participate equally in the redoxpotential at the platinum element, not all of the iodine produced bythe reaction with chlorine will generate a potential at the electrode. Ifthe iodide concentration is significantly different between calibrationand monitoring, there is a possibility of error. In the Thermo ScientificOrion 1770 chlorine monitor, the reagent flow and subsequent iodideconcentration are controlled to within + 5%. Even in the worst casesituation, where the chlorine concentration is at the high end of themeasurement range, a 10% variation in iodide concentration will produceonly a 2% variation in monitor readings. When measuring at the ppb level,the monitor is essentially completely insensitive to variations in the relativeflow of sample/standard and reagent.

Formation of the complexes I2CI- and I2Br- should also be considered,particularly where measurements are made in seawater. For reasonsanalogous to those discussed for Iy- formation, these complexes are notequivalent to 12 in the potential measured by the potentiometric electrode.Formation of I2C1- or I2Br- would not be expected to affect results obtainedby amperometric titration since both are readily reduced by the standardtitrants. However, either might affect continuous amperometric methodsbecause the complexes would be expected to have different diffusion andelectrode reduction properties from '2. Concentrations of up to 0.5MCl- and 0.01 M Br will not affect the Orion 1770 measurements. Forhigher concentrations, the Orion 1770 is calibrated with halide added tothe standards or by direct calibration from the amperometric titration ofan actual sample. Details are available by contacting Technical Support.Within the United States call 1.800.225.1480 and outside the UnitedStates call 978.232.6000 or fax 978.232.6031. In Europe, the Middle Eastand Africa, contact your local authorized dealer.

Sample Inlet Connection- The instrument is supplied with a 3/4" N-PThose adapter to be used with a 3/4" ID hose. A recommended alternativeis to use a 3/4" smooth bore plastic pipe with an external shutoff valve andunion.

Sample Requirements

Flow Rate- minimum of 2 liters / minute.

Sample Pressure- 2 to 20 psi.

Temperature- 0 to 45 °C.

Alkalinity- 0 to 500 ppm as CaCO3.

I-4 1-4 Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide

Chapter 2 Instrument Description

Component Descriptions49- - - - - -..... .1•..... •....4

5-16 -....

15 -....17-

19 -....20 -.....21 -....22 -....

25 -....

24 -.....31 -....

30 -....

33 -....34 -....'

36 -....

.35 -....39--38 -....

40 -....

~_

~.

_.

~_,

2-' @ . . . . .. . . . . . .

•' ", '° iil I •- ..........

L, ., "Q , ._ :. : _.__•_-_

-....10-....11

-....13-....12-....14-....26

-....18-...27

-...28-....29

-....32

-....41-....42

-43

-....46-....45

©

÷. Ir .,lid ........................... I ........... J ....

-_ • 0 ;

-....47

Figure 1- Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide2- 2-1

Note: The numbers in the descriptions refer to Figure 1.

Monitor enclosure (1)- Fiberglass housing that contains all the monitorcomponents that require protection from the elements.

Electronics housing (2)- Houses the electronics assembly for the monitor.

Monitor scale (3)- Reads directly in concentration from 0.001 ppm to 10ppm Cl2 using a four-decade logarithmic scale.

Onloff switch (4)- Controls power to the electronics assembly.

Pilot light (5)- Indicates that the on/off switch is in the on position andthat power has reached the electronics box.

Fuse holder (6)- Protects the electronics assembly.

Transformer enclosure (7)- Contains the switches and fuses for the mainpower, sample pump, reagent pump and air pump. It also houses the 24 Vtransformer that powers the three pumps and cooling fan.

Main power switch (8)- Lighted push-button switch that provides powerto the monitor. When in the on position, line voltage is supplied to theelectronics housing, 24 VAC is supplied to the monitor enclosure coolingfan and 24 VAC is supplied to the pump switches.

Sample pump switch (9)- Lighted push-button switch for monitorsample pump.

Reagent pump switch (10)- Lighted push-button switch for the reagent

pump.

Air pump switch (11)- Lighted push-button switch for the air pump.

Main fuse holder (12)- Holds the fuse for the entire monitor.

Pump fuse holders (13)- Holds fuses for the sample, reagent, and air

pumps.

Electrical connectors (14)- Provides 24 VAC connection from thetransformer enclosure to the sample, reagent and air pumps.

Calibration control (15)- Adjusts the needle reading on the monitor face,used only in the calibration procedure.

Slope control (16)- Adjusts monitor span to compensate for variations inelectrode slope, used only in the calibration procedure.

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide2-2

Function switch (17)- Three-position switch that establishes mode ofmonitor operation. In the test position, it provides an offset potential forelectronics check, in the calibrate position, it is used during the calibrationprocedure. In the normal position, it is used during sample measurement.

Thermistor connector (18)- Connects the thermistor that senses sample

temperature.

Ground pin connector (19)- Connects fluid ground to the electronics.

Electrode connector (20)- Connects the chlorine sensing electrode of themonitor to the electronics.

Electrode (21)- Solid-state chlorine sensing electrode.

Electrode holder (22)- Positions chlorine electrode in the flow cell block.

Thermistor assembly (23)- Senses sample temperature at the electrode forautomatic temperature compensation of electrode response,

Flow cell block assembly (24)- Assembly in which reagent and air aremixed with the sample and houses the electrode and thermistor assemblies.

Ground pin assembly (25)- Provides a fluid ground for the electronics.

Air Pump (26)- Delivers stream of air to the sample line, which promotesmixing of sample and reagent keeps particulate matter suspended andscrubs the electrode.

Sample pump (27)- Pumps a constant volume of sample from the inletblock to the flow cell block.

Reagent pump (28)- Pumps a constant volume of reagent through thereagent purification column into the flow cell block.

Check valve (29)- Check valve in air line tubing protects electricalcomponents in the event of air pump failure.

Reagent purification column (30)- Removes traces of iodine in iodidereagent.

Mixing loop (31)- Provides thorough mixing of sample and reagent.

Discharge tube (32)- Exit line from the flow cell emptying into the wasteline.

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide 3Z-a

Three-way valve (33)- Allows switching from sample to standard duringcalibration.

Waste line (34)- Pipe connecting the discharge tube to the waste sink.

Inlet block (35)- Full sample flow is delivered to the monitor via theblock. A small percentage of the delivered sample is pumped to themonitor while most of the sample flow goes to waste.

Grab sample valve (36)- Valve for obtaining a grab sample of the wholesample.

Bypass screen holder (37)- Assembly holding the bypass screen in theinlet block and through which sample is delivered to the monitor.

Waste sink (38)- Receptacle for the gravity drain of unused sample andfor discharge from the monitor.

Sample inlet (39)- Accepts sample for analysis.

Drain fitting (40)- For gravity, atmospheric pressure drain, 1" ID tube.

Standards bottle vented cap (41)- For connecting standards bottle to

monitor.

Standards bottle mounting bracket (42)- Holds the standards bottle inplace.

Standards bottle (43)- For standard solution used only when calibratingthe monitor or for running grab samples.

Reagent carboy cover (44)- Vented cover with tubing connection for

reagent.

Reagent carboy (45)- Five gallon carboy holding a one month supply ofacid iodide reagent.

Fluidics panel (46)- Panel that inlet block, waste sink, etc are attached.

Reagent shelf (47)- Supports the reagent carboy off the floor.

Power connector (48)- Contains three wires for connection to a singlephase 115 V _+ 10 VAC, 5 0/60 Hz power source. Other line voltagecapabilities available. Conduit connection is 1/2" male.

Recorder/alarm connector (49)- Contains leads for 0 to 5 VDC or 4 to20 mA signals for external recorder and/or alarm. Conduit connection is1/2" male.

2-4 2-4 Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide

Chapter 3 Instrument PreparationUnpacking the Instrument The monitor has been shipped as an assembled unit, with the enclosure,

flukdics panel and reagent shelf attached to a U~nistrut frame. The frame issecured to the plywood pallet by four bolts, two located above the top ofthe enclosure and two below the fluidics panel.

1. Cut the three plastic straps holding the cardboard carton to theplywood pallet. See Figure 2.

remove remove

7~J~-I -Icut

Figure 2- Unpacking the Monitor

Nate: Plastic straps holding cardboard carton to plywood pallet areunder tension. Stand clear when cutting.

2. Remove cardboard cover anid sleeve surrounding the monitor.

3. To remove monitor from the pallet, use a wrench to hold the nut underthe pallet and a second wrench to loosen the bolts.

Thermno Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide -3-1

Mounting the Monitor See Figure 3.

1. Select a site for the instrument that allows it to be permanently boltedin an upright position. The height of the instrument should allowfor gravity drain operation and ease of viewing the monitor face. Themonitor should be sheltered from the weather. Direct sunlight on themonitor will quickly oxidize the reagent, affecting instrument accuracy.

2. Using anchors capable of supporting the monitors weight,approximately 160 pounds with reagent carboy filled, secure themonitor to the wall by the frame.

3. Electrical power and provision for adequate sample delivery to themonitor must be provided by the user.

4. During operation, the ambient temperature should not exceed 45 °C orfall below 0 °C. For best accuracy; the ambient temperature should beless than 40 °C.

5. A minimum of 8 inches is required above the top of the unit forinstallation of electrical power and the electrical disconnect switch.

6. Allowing a minimum of 3 feet to the left of the monitor will permiteasy access to the inlet screen or its replacement.

H- 2~-1 7-~trin

7

Figure 3- Mounting the Monitor

3-2 3-2 Therrno Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide

Plumbing Note: The numbers in the descriptions refer to Figure 1.

Plumb the plant sample line to the monitor sample inlet block, 39. Theinlet block is provided with a 314" NPT hose adaptor. It is acceptable tosimply connect 3/4" ID hose or tubing to the sample source. Similarly, thedischarge from the waste sink is provided with a hose adaptor that canl berun to a floor drain with 1" ID tubing or hose. See Figure 4.

Figure 4-- Plumbing with Tubing

Because many types of flexible tubing are susceptible to biofouling andclogging, it is preferable to plumb directly to the monitor with rigid pipesuch as smooth bore Schedule 40 or 80 PVC. A 3/4" line containing aunion and full flow ball valve can be plumbed directly to the inlet block.Similarly, 1-1/2" rigid PVC pipe can easily be installed in place of the1" ID tubing. See Figure 5. In the long run, such an arrangement willrequire much less maintenance than most types of flexible tubing.

Figure 5- Plumbing with Pipe


Power Supply A 115 VAC _+ 10 VAC, 60 Hz must be supplied to the monitor (220 VAC,50 Hz units are also available). Although the unit draws only a little over1.3 amp, it is suggested that it be connected to either a separate circuit or acircuit that is not otherwise subject to intermittent large current drains.

Electrical hook-up is accomplished on the right top of the monitor. A 1/2"male conduit nipple is provided for junction or switchbox installation. Thevoltage shown on its label must be the same as your line voltage. Removethe protective cap (used in shipping) from the conduit nipple. Connectblack to hot, white to neutral and green to ground. It is suggested that anexternal onloff switch be installed between the line supply and monitor.

Note: If the monitor is exposed to weather or directly subjected tomoisture, power connections must be in a weatherproof junction box orcustomer safety problems may develop.

Recorder/Alarm Outputs 1. If a recorder or alarm will be used, remove the protective cap from theleft 1/2" conduit nipple on top of the monitor.

2. If a 0 to 5 VDC signal is desired, connect the yellow lead to the positiveterminal and the orange to the negative or zero terminal using wire nutsat the connections. Tape or cover the blue wire.

3. If a 4 to 20 imA output is desired, connect the blue lead to the positiveterminal, orange to the negative or zero terminal, and tape or cover theyellow wire. Both outputs may be used simultaneously.

4. If the monitor is exposed to the weather or is directly subjectedto moisture, the recorder/alarm connections must be within aweatherproof junction box. Otherwise, damage to the electronics mayresult and performance would be adversely affected.

3-4 3-4Thermno Scientific Orion 17/70 Chlorine Monitor User Guide

Chapter 4 Instrument SetupPre-Operation The monitor does not require any further assembly except for connecting

the reagent carboy. The instrument was thoroughly checked beforeshipment but the components should be inspected before startup to ensurethat nothing was disrupted in transit.

The monitor is composed of three basic assemblies: the monitor enclosure,fluidics panel and reagent shelf. The monitor enclosure contains theelectronic and electrical components that require protection from theelements. These consist of an electronics housing; a transformer enclosure;sample, reagent, and air pumps; and the flow cell block.

Affixed to the fluidics panel are the sample inlet block, waste sink,standardization bottle and three-way valve.

The reagent shelf holds the five-gallon carboy of acid iodide reagent. Muchof the pre-operation check is to ensure that pipe and tubing fittings aresufficiently tight to prevent leaks, particularly on the suction lines of thepumps where they are difficult to detect. Pipe and tubing fittings shouldbe firmly finger-tight. If a wrench is used to snug-up the connections, becareful not to overtighten and strip the threads.

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide -4-1

Flow Cell Block Note: The numbers in the descriptions refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7.

Electrode position- The electrode is held in the flow cell block by an 0-ring in the electrode holder, 1, at the top of the block. The position of theelectrode in the block is set by bottoming the electrode cap, 2, against theelectrode holder. It is important that the electrode is pushed as Tar as it willgo in the holder.

Thermistor- Check that the thermistor assembly, 3, is secure in the topof the 3/8" tee, 4, located on the right side of the flow cell block. Thethermistor assembly is secured by the compression nut on the tee. If loose,push the thermistor assembly all the way in and tighten the top nut.

Ground wire- Check for tightness the screw that holds the ground lead,5, onto the ground pin assembly, 6, located on the left side of the flow cellblock.

Mixing loop- Check the two fittings, 7, connecting the mixing loop tothe flow cell block for tightness.

Sample line- Check the three connections, 8, of the sample line at theflow cell block for tightness.

Air line- Check the compression fitting, 9, from the air line to the flowcell block for tightness. Check that the tubing connections to the checkvalve, 10, are tight.

Reagent purification column- Check that the reagent inlet fitting, 11,and the compression nuts on the reagent purification column, 12, and thereagent line to colurmn adapter, 13, are tight.

7.

Figure 6- Top View ofFlow Cell Block

Figure 7- Side and BottomView of Flow Cell Block

4-2 4-2 Therrno Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User 8uide

Sample, Reagent andAir Pumps

Note: Beginning in 1992, both sample and reagent pumps were upgraded.Both pumps should pump left to right. Refer to Figure 8.

Figure 8- Sample and Reagent Pumps

The sample and reagent pumps are positive displacement pumps, variablein both flow rate and flow direction. Although these were set beforeshipment, it should be ensured that the settings are correct. The samplepump should be set so the blue pointer is at 2.8 on the scale leading rightfrom center, giving a flow rate of 13 mL/nminute ±+ 1 mL. The reagentpump should be set at 1.5 to the left of center, giving a flow rate of 0.4 roL/minute ± 0.05 mL. The black plastic knob located on the left side of thebase of the pumps is used'to make adjustments to the flow. Loosen/tightenknurled metal nuts holding pointer secure before and after adjustments.

Check that the suction and discharge tube fittings are tight on both pumps.Also check that tube fittings on the reagent purification column are tight.

Ensure that the air line tubing is tightly sealed onto the nipple of the airpump. Also, check that the tubing to and from air line check valve is tightand that check valve is pointing towards fitting on flow cell.

Therrmo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide 34-3

Fluidics Panel Check that all the tube fittings on the three-way valve, the inlet block, thereagent carboy and the standards bottle cap are tight. Ensure that the grabsample valve located on the inlet block is turned off.

Electronics Connectors Note: The numbers in the descriptions refer to Figure 9.

Figure 9- Side and Bottom View of Flow Cell Block Legend

Electrode connection- The electrode is connected by a BNC-type (SH-V)connector, 1, into a jack, 2, on the underside of the electronics housing.

Make sure that the connection is tight.

Thermistor connection- The thermistor assembly is connected to theelectronics housing by a three-pin connector, 3, to a threaded jack, 4, onthe underside of the housing.

Ground wire- Make certain that the ground pin, 5, is in the pin jack, 6,on the underside of the electronics housing.


Electrical Connections Note: The numbers in the descriptions refer to Figure 10.

Figure 10- Pump Connectors

Pump connectors- The air, sample and reagent pumps are powered at theswitchbox by connectors, 1, 2, and 3 respectively, located on the undersideof the transformer enclosure.

Cooling fan- The monitor enclosure cooling fan is powered through aconnection on the lower right side of the transformer enclosure.


4-6 Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide

Chapter 5 Instrument Start-Up

Reagent Preparation Note: Reagent preparation requires Cat. No. 177011, which contains a1 liter bottle of concentrated acid and a 50 miL bottle of reagent powder.

It is recommended that adding contents of the acid reagent container to5 gallon carboy be performed at a sink, preferably under a hood, usingprotective gloves.

Fill the 5 gallon carboy to about two-thirds with distilled water. Add thecontents of the acid reagent container and stir using a plastic rod. Add thecontents of the powder bottle and fill to the indicated line with distilledwater. Use the plastic rod to mix thoroughly. Check that all bulkheadconnections on cap are tight and replace on bottle. See Figure 11.

Figure 11- Reagent Preparation

If distilled water is not available, tap can be used if it has been treated forthe removal of iron and manganese to the extent required for good drinkingwaters and the water in the carboy is allowed to stand overnight beforeaddition of the reagents.


Start-Up Operation 1. Loosen the knurled nuts on the reagent pump and set the blueindicator all the way to the right. This obtains maximum flow forpriming and wetting the pump head. Retighten knurled nuts. SeeFigure 8.

2. Turn on the main power switch, 8.

3. Turn on sample flow through inlet block. A flow rate between 1/2 to 5gallons per minute is satisfactory.

4. Briefly turn on and off the sample and reagent pumps at thetransformer by pressing their switches sequentially while observingpiston shaft movement. Ensure each shaft is moving smoothly in thecylinder head before leaving pump power on. If a piston seems to bestuck, contact Technical Service for details on freeing the piston toavoid possible pump head damage.

5. Turn on air pump at transformer by pressing its switch.

6. After reagent is observed flowing through the loosened purificationcolumn (in about 10 minutes), loosen the knurled knobs on the reagentpump and set the flow indicator to the point marked on the pump(approximately 1.5 to the left of center). Retighten the knurled knobs.At this setting, the flow rate from the reagent pumps is 0.4 mL/minute,_+ 0.05 mL/minute.

Note: It is only during the initial start-up when the pump is dry thatit is preferable to set the pump first for maximum flow and then backdown to the position marked.

7. Open the electronics housing and turn on the power switch.

8. Set the slope control to the midrange position.

9. Set the function switch to the test position.

10. With the calibrate knob, adjust the monitor setting to read 0.05 ppm.This will electronically bring the monitor into the approximate rangesuitable for calibration.

11. Turn the function switch to the normal position. Check for fluid flowand any air or fluid leaks, proper pump operation, and good drainagefrom the tee into the drain cup.

12. Allow the monitor to run on sample (preferably chlorinated) for at leastone hour. A stable reading should be observed which is close to theactual chlorine content of the sample. After this, the instrument can bemore accurately calibrated by using the calibration standards.


Chemical Standards

Chapter 6 Instrument CalibrationCalibration is effected using standards with a known chlorine equivalentand setting the monitor to the known value. During calibration, the three-way valve is used to switch flow from the sample to the standards line. Twostandards are used in order to adjust the electronics for the actual slope inmuch the same manner that two buffers of different pHI are required tocalibrate a pH meter.

Chlorine solutions are unstable and are not suitable for use as standards.Therefore, stock solutions of potassium iodate, which are stable andreact with iodide to produce iodine are used. Standards prepared arestoichiometrically equivalent to the chlorine concentrations indicated.

These calibration instructions incorporate steps which accommodatethe electronics of the system, and must be followed exactly for propercalibration. The recommended calibration refill kit, Cat. No. 177013,contains reagents for calibration at 0.1 and 1.0 ppm Cl2. Standardsshould be chosen to bracket the expected sample concentration and canbe prepared by serial dilution of the stock iodate solution described inthe Preparing Standards section. The choice of standards is especiallyimportant in the range of 0.001 to 0.01 ppm C12, where the linearity ofelectrode response may be more affected by contaminants in the system.


Preparing Standards The calibration refill kit, Cat. No. 177013, includes two bottdes of standardUsing the Calibration Kit A and two bottles of standard B (Cat. No. 177014), five bottles of iodidestandard (Cat. No. 177041), five bottles of acid standard (Cat. No.177042), and fif-t-y 5 mL pipette rips. Each calibration refill kit containsenough items to carry our twenty calibrations.

The calibration equipment kit, Cat. No. 177015, includes one 5 mL fixedvolume automatic pipette, fifty 5 mL pipette tips, one 500 riL wash bottle,and two 1000 mL unbreakable volumetric flasks. (Always use unique flasksfor Standard A and Standard B.)

To Prepare Each Standard

1. In a 1000 mL volumetric flask, piper 5 mnL of standard A, 5 mL ofiodide standard and 5 mL of acid standard.

Note: Do nor add any distilled water at this point or reaction will norbe complete.

2. Stopper the flask and swirl for two minutes to allow compete reaction.

3. Dilute to the mark with distilled water.

4. Ensure complete mixing by inverting the flask at least 20 times whileshaking it.

5. Label the flaskc 0.1 ppm Cl2.

6. To prepare the 1.0 ppm Cl2 standard, repeat steps 1 through 5,replacing standard A with 5 mL of standard B and label this flask: 1.0ppm Cl2.

You now have two standards, one equivalent to 0.1 ppm and the otherequivalent to 1.0 ppm total residual chlorine. For the best accuracy;calibration should be started immediately after the standards have beenprepared. Even carefully stoppered standards should be discarded after onehour.


Preparing Standards To calibrate the monitor in a range other than 0. 1 to 1.0 ppm Cl2, or toUsing Standard Reagents prepare the standards yourself, the following solutions should be used:

2.5 M acetic acid- Place approximately 75 mL of distilled water in a10O0 mL volumetric flask. Add 14.37 mL glacial acetic acid and dilute tothe mark with distilled water. Shake to mix.

0.1 M sodium iodide- Weigh out 1.50 g of reagent-grade sodium iodide.Place in a 100 mL volumetric flask and dilute to the mark with distilledwater. Shake to mix.

Potassium iodate stock solution (equivalent 2,000 ppm Cl2)- Weighout 2.0 12 g of reagent-grade potassium iodate, place it in a 1000 mLvolumetric flask and dilute to the mark with distilled water. Shake to mix.

Note: For ease of calibration, the concentration chosen for one standardshould be exactly ten times the other.

To prepare each standards

1. By serial dilution of the potassium iodate stock solution, prepare asolution whose concentration is 200 times the calibration value desired.This solution will be further diluted to the calibration value afterreaction with the acid and iodide in step 4.

2. In a 1 liter volumetric flask, combine 5.0 mL of the 0.1 M sodiumiodide solution, 5.0 mL of the 2.5 M acetic acid solution and 5.0 mL ofthe iodate solution prepared from the stock solution in step 1.

3. Stopper the flask and swirl for two minutes to allow complete reaction.

4. Dilute to the mark with distilled water.

5. Ensure complete mixing by inverting the flask at least 20 times whileshaking it. Label the flask with its equivalent chlorine concentration.

6. Prepare a second standard following steps 1 through 5. The equivalentchlorine concentration of this standard should be 10 times that of thefirst.

Note: For best accuracy; calibration should start immediately after thestandards have been prepared. Even carefully stoppered standards should bediscarded after one hour.

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide 36-3

Calibration Procedure for This procedure is for two decade monitor scale measurements betweenTwo Decade Measurements 0.001 ppm and 0.1 ppm, 0.01 and 1.0 ppm, or 0.1 and 10 ppm ranges.


0 0'

00

Figure 12- Electronic Controls

1. Set the function switch, 3, to the calibrate position.

2. Set the slope knob, 2, to the mid-range position.

3. Prepare two standards ten fold concentration unaits apart, ideallybracketing expected sample concentration range. Due to the possibilityof iodide oxidation to iodine, preparation of standards below 0.01 ppmis not recommended.

4. Remove the empty standards bottle by holding the cap from aboveand unscrewing the bottle. See Figure 13. Do not touch the flill tube;make certain it is not fouled in any way.

Figure 13-- Removing Standards Bottle


5. Position the flask containing the lower concentration standard in placeof the empty standards bottle.

6. Turn the handle of the three-way valve to the right, pointing towardsthe flask. See Figure 14.

standard position sample position

Figure 14-- Three-way Valve Positions

7. Wait u~ntil a steady reading is obtained on the monitor. This is mosteasily seen if a recorder has been connected to the monitor; but ifa recorder is not used, allow at least 100 niL of the standard to ranthrough.

8. After a steady reading is obtained, adjust the monitor to read full scaleleft (lowest reading), regardless of the actual standard concentration,using the calibrate knob.

9. Remove the flask and, without touching the fill tube, shake off anydrops adhering to the tube. Cap the flask for later use.

10. Position the flask containing the ten times higher concentrationstandard as in step 4.

11. After the steady reading is obtained, determine if the monitor readscenter scale, regardless of the actual standard concentration. If it doesnot, turn the slope knob, 2, until the monitor reads center scale. Thecalibration procedure up to this point is used to adjust the monitorspan to accommodate variations in the electrode slope. Normallythe dot on the slope knob will be in the 10 to 3 o'clock position aftercalibration.

12. Reset the function switch, 3, to the normal position. Adjust thecalibration knob to the actual concentration and remove the standard.

13. After slope adjustment and calibration, put the function switch, 3, tothe test position. Record the reading. The test position is generallyplus or minus one decade from center scale after calibration. Put thefunction switch back to the normal position.

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide 6-5

14. Turn the three-way valve to the left, so that the monitor is drawingsample from the inlet block. The monitor is now calibrated and set forcontinuous, unattended operation.

15. Recalibration will be necessary should the chlorine electrodes bechanged or the reagent replaced. Refer to the calibration notes in theMonthly Maintenance section.

16. The standard bottle and tubing should be flushed with deionized waterafter each calibration to prevent iodine absorption into the plastic.

Note: These scale ranges and others are provided on a custom special orderbasis. Contact Technical Support if you have any questions on calibrationof these nonstandard ranges.

High Range Calibration This procedure is for high range two decade monitor scale measurementsProcedure for Two between 2 and 10 ppm.

Decade MeasurementsFor better accuracy on high range chlorine measurements between 2 and10 ppm, standards should be prepared by serial dilution of commerciallyavailable 5.25% sodium hypochiorite (household bleach such as Clorox).

1. Prepare a 1 ppm standard using standard B in Cat. No. 177014 asdescribed in the Preparing Standards Using the Calibration Kitsection.

2. Prepare a higher concentration standard by pipetting 2 mL. ofhypocdorite into a 1 liter volumetric flask and dilute to the mark withdeionized water. This gives a stock solution of approximately 100 ppm.Prepare an approximate 10 ppm standard by further dilution in a 1liter flask using a 100 mL aliquot of this stock solution. The accuracyof this standard can be checked by an amperometric titrator or anystandard method of chlorine determination. The actual concentrationneeds only to be in the 4 to 10 ppm range.


4. Set the slope knob, 2, to the actual concentration previously determinedin step 2, multiplied by the full scale left reading (0.001 on a standard4 decade monitor). For example, if the standard is determined to be 5ppm, then adjust the slope control for a monitor reading of 0.005 ppm.

5. Remove the empty standards bottle by holding the cap from aboveand unscrewing the bottle. See Figure 13. Do not touch the fill tube;make certain it is nor fouled in any way.


6. Position the flask containing the lower concentration standard in placeof the empty standards bottle.


8. Wait until a steady reading is obtained on the monitor. This is mosteasily seen if a recorder has been connected to the monitor; but ifa recorder is not used, allow at least 100 mL of the standard to runthrough.

9. After a steady reading is obtained, adjust the monitor to read full scaleleft (lowest reading), regardless of the actual standard concentration,using the calibrate knob.

10. Remove the flask and, without touching the fill tube, shake off anydrops adhering to the tube. Cap the flask for later use.

11. Reset the function switch, 3, to the normal position.

12. Use the calibrate knob, 4, to set the monitor to the actual higherstandard concentration. The calibration procedure is now complete.

13. After slope adjustment and calibration, put the function switch, 3, tothe test position. Record the reading on the monitor. The test readingis generally plus or minus one decade from center scale after calibration.Put the function switch back to the normal position.

14 Turn the three-way valve to the left, so that the monitor is drawingsample from the inlet block. The monitor is now calibrated and set forcontinuous, unattended operation.

Note: Since chlorine standards are inherently unstable, they should beprepared and used as quickly as possible.

Note: The electrode slope for higher concentration calibrations between2 to 10 ppm should be approximately 20 mV due to tti-iodide formation.The slope knob position may be lower than the normal 10 to 3 o'clock

range.

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide6- 6-7

Grab Sample Analysis In relatively clean water, such as potable water, chlorine demand andsecondary chlorine reactions are usually limited to the production ofinorganic chioramines. These compounds comprise the fraction whichhas traditionally been defined as bound residual chlorine. The chemicalstandards used for calibration react with iodide in the same way as boundresidual chlorine and free chlorine.

On the other hand, saline waters, waters with high organic nitrogencontent, and waters with high labile organic content can have a verydifferent type of chlorine demand. For this reason, analytical methodswhich are completely equivalent in potable water sometimes give disparateresults in dirty water. Because a continuous monitor is often used todemonstrate regulatory compliance, it is imperative that the instrumentgive results in agreement with the analytical method used by theregulatory agency For this reason a grab sample valve has been includedin the inlet block of the monitor. After the slope and calibration usingchemical standards has been completed, the instrument can be checkedfor agreement with whatever value a referee method might produce on anactual sample.

1. Collect 200 mL of sample into a graduated cylinder from the grabsample valve. See Figure 15.

Figure 15- Collectig Sample from Grab Sample Valve

2. Record the monitor reading while collecting the grab sample.

3. Quickldy analyze the grab sample and determine its concentration. TheThermo Scientific Orion 977OBNWP chlorine ion selective electrodemethod is recommended, since its chemistry is exactly the same as themonitor and is approved for NPDES compliance monitoring. If thevalue obtained in the lab differs significantly from that displayed by themonitor, the monitor should be recalibrated. For small variations, thecalibration knob can be offset to agree with the lab value, assuming thisis the true reading.


Regulatory Compliance

Continuous Online Operation

Calibration Procedure forFour Decade Measurements

To meet the requirements of the US EPA, either of the following must becompleted on a daily basis:

1. Run either standard A or standard B through the monitor as describedin the Calibration Procedure for Two Decade Monitor ScaleMeasurements section.

2. A grab sample must be taken each day and run by an EPA approvedlaboratory method.

If the results are outside the instrument specification of_+ 10%, then acomplete recalibration must be performed.

Based on individual operating experience, it may be possible that lessfrequent checking is necessary. Contact your local regulatory agency forfurther information on the tests and data that would be required.

After calibration, make sure the three-way valve is back to the left in theoperation position. The monitor is now ready for continuous onlineoperation that need be attended only in accordance with the routinemaintenance schedule.

This procedure is for four decade monitor scale measurements.



2. Set the slope knob, 2, to the mid-range position.

3. Remove the empty standard bottle by holding the cap from above andunscrewing the bottle. See Figure 13. Do not touch the fil1 tube andmake sure that it is clean.

4. Position the flask containing the lower concentration standard in placeof the empty standards botdle. Usually this is the 0.1 ppm standard.


6. Wait until a steady reading is obtained on the monitor. This is mosteasily seen if a recorder has been connected to the monitor, but ifa recorder is not used, allow about 100 mL of the standard to runthrough.

Therrmo Scientifi Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide 5-6-9

7. After a steady reading is obtained, adjust the monitor to read 0.00 1ppm, regardless of the actual standard concentration, using the calibrateknob.

8. Remove the flask and, without touching the f'ill tube, shake off anydrops adhering to the tube.

9. Position the flask containing the ten times higher concentrationstandards as in step 4.

10. After a steady reading is obtained, determine if the monitor reads0.01 ppm, regardless of the actual standard concentration. If it doesnot, turn the slope knob, 2, until the monitor reads 0.01 ppm. Thecalibration procedure up to this point is used to adjust the monitorspan to accommodate variations in the electrode slope. Normallythe dot on the slope knob will be in the 10 to 3 o'clock position aftercalibration.

11. Reset the function switch, 3, to the normal position.

12. Use the calibrate knob, 4, to set the monitor to the actual higherstandard concentration. The calibration procedure is now complete.

13. After slope adjustment and calibration, put the function switch, 3, tothe test position. Record the reading on the monitor. The test readinggenerally is between 0.01 and 1.0 ppm after calibration. Put thefunction switch back to the normal position.

14. Turn the three-way valve to the left, so that the monitor is drawingsample from the inlet block. The monitor is now calibrated and set forcontinuous unattended operation.

15. Recalibration will be necessary should the chlorine electrodes bechanged or the reagent resupplied. Refer to the calibration notes in theMonthly Maintenance section.

16. The standard bottle and tubing should be flushed with deionized waterafter each calibration to prevent iodine absorption into the plastic.

6-10 6-10 Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User guide

Chapter 7 MaintenanceRequired Materials

Consumables Kit Cat. No. 177050, includes enough supplies for one year of continuous use.

Hardware Kit Emergency supplies for critical applications requiring minimal analyzer

downtime.

Customers with multiple analyzers should also consider stocking one set ofthe following:

* Electronics assembly (115 V), Cat. No. 801601-AolIf other than standard four decade range, customer must specily.

* Sample pump assembly, Cat. No. 216245-A01

* Reagent pump assembly, Cat. No. 216246-Aol

• Air pump, Cat. No. 702608-AOl

* Thermistor assembly, Cat. No. 801591-A0l

* Transformer assembly, Cat. No. 900196-A0l

Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide 7-7-1

Weekly MaintenanceElectronics Check

Leak Check

Verify Monitor Reading

Monthly MaintenanceElectrode

The stability of thle electronics should be checked once a week. This isdone by putting the function switch to the test position and comparingthe value to that recorded when last calibrated. It should be found thatthis value remains very stable between calibration periods. If it does not,refer to the Troubleshooting section. After this check, return the functionswitch to the normal position.

Look for leaks at any of the fittings and tighten as required.

Take a grab sample for analysis according to the procedure in the GrabSample Analysis section. Minor variations can be corrected by adjustingthe calibration control knob.

Rub a polishing strip, Cat. No. 948201, that is packaged with the 100020electrode on the end of the electrode according to the polishing stripinstruction card. Polishing will remove any deposits on the electrodesensing membrane caused by sediment or biofouling. Improved responsetimes and higher electrode slope will result after polishing a dirty electrode.Wait at least one hour after electrode polishing prior to recalibration.

Reagent Five gallons of reagent are sufficient for a little over one month ofoperation. Reagent must be made monthly. The consumables kit, Cat.

No. 177050, contains sufficient supplies for one year of operation.

Calibration The monitor should be calibrated monthly at the same time that reagent ischanged, but some situations require more frequent calibrations. After theinstallation of a new electrode, the monitor should be recalibrated 48 hoursafter the initial calibration. It will be found that for most applications,there will be little, if any, difference. Some waters with a very high organiccontent might show an initial shift in calibration point which will thenremain stable after a day or two of operation.


Quarterly MaintenanceInlet Screen Under normal operating conditions the inlet screen, Cat. No. 170014,

should be replaced every three months. If the water sample has a highconcentration of suspended organic solids, as found in a primary treateddomestic waste, the inlet screen should be changed on a more frequentbasis of once every month or two. The consumables kit contains four inletscreens and tools to assist in its removal. Because the screens are made ofTeflon, they can be easily cleaned. Extremely dirty samples may depositorganic materials in the plumbing, causing chlorine demand. Monitorreadings may then be lower than actual. Contact Technical Support forassistance in dealing with samples of this nature.

To change the screen (see Figure 16):

1. Stop sample flow to the inlet block, switch off sample and reagent

pumps.

2. Loosen the compression nut, 1, at the bypass screen holder, 2.

3. Remove the nut and line from the fitting on the bypass screen holder.

4. Remove the bypass screen holder by unscrewing the large knob.Remove the Teflon ilret screen, 3, which is visible in the inlet block,with the tool provided.

5. Place a new screen into the block, taking care that it is seated properly.

6. Replace the bypass screen holder, and reconnect the sample inlet line.

7. *When changing the screen, it is advisable to replace the 1/4" ODpolyethylene tubing from the inlet block to the three-way valve, thecheck valve and also the Teflon tubing from the common port ofthe three-way valve to the flow cell block. Cut the tubing to lengthsquarely with a razor blade or sharp tool.

Figure 16- Inlet Screen Replacement

Therrno Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide7- 7-3

Tubing Tubing that is exposed to sample with reagent should normally be changedquarterly at the same time as the bypass screen. In addition to the bypassscreen, the tubing may also have to be changed more frequently if thesample is heavily loaded with suspended solids. The supplies list containsreplacement tubing and fittings, Cat. No. 170013. Be sure that the white,translucent Teflon tubing is used to replace sample and standard tubescontaining iodine solution. Iodine is absorbed by ot~her plastic tubingmaterials, affecting monitor accuracy.

Reagent Purification Column Cat. No. 170012, the reagent purification column should be changedquarterly or when its metal granules are mote than one half depleted.Oxidized reagent, brown from iodine color, will quickly exhaust thiscolunn. The consumables kit, Cat. No. 177050, contains four reagentpurification columns. With the reagent and sample pump switched off,back off the fittings at both ends of the column. To attach a new columnsimply reverse the removal procedure.

Note: Reagent Purification Column contains cadmium which is toxic.Dispose of columns as you would other toxic materials in accordance withlocal and federal ordinances.

Start-Up Start the monitor according to the Instumlent Start-Up section.

Pump Seals Check the tubing on discharge side of samrple and reagent pumps for airbubbles. If no air bubbles at the pump inlet are visible, but air is notedin discharge, the pump seals need replacement. Occasional bubbles fromminor leaks or degassing will not affect monitor. A drop or two of liquiddetergent on pump's piston shaft will help wet new seals and prevent airin-leakage.

To replace pump seals:

1. Remove the pump head from the pump motor spindle. See Figure 17.Disconnect the plumbing at the inlet and outlet of pump head. Brieflyturn the power to the pump on and off until the piston drive pin stopsat the 9 and 10 o'clock position in the spindle assembly (looking upfrom base of pump). Adjust the black plastic adjustment knob until thepointer is on scale left of center. Loosen the two knurled nuts securingthe pump head. Lif the base of pump head way from threadedadjustment rod and draw gently away from spindle assembly


until white piston shaft extends about 1.25 inches (3 cm) from pumphead cylinder nut. Carefully lift head while slipping piston drive pinout of radial bearing.

Figure 17- Pump Head

2. Loosen and remove cylinder nut, 2, and at the same time remove thepiston, 1, gland washer, 3, and seals, 4, 5, and 6. Discard the old seals.

3. Extreme care must be taken when installing the new seals so as not todamage the seal lip. Keeping the cylinder nut, 2, and gland washer, 3,in their places around the piston, 1, replace the first seal, 4 as follows:

i. Place the seal at the base of the piston with the lip facing away fromthe cylinder nut.

ii. Use care not to distort the lip and gently pull the seal over the baseof the piston while rotating the piston with your fingers. This ismost easily done if you use the leading edge of the notch, 7, in thepiston base to carefully widen the hole while rotating the piston.

iii. Check that the seal is fitrmly on the piston, then rotate the pistonthrough the seal until the piston is past the lip of the seal. The seallip should seat snugly and uniformly around the piston shaft.

iv. Remove the widened seal from the piston shaft by first placing twofingers around the piston shaft, between gland washer, 3, and thefirst seal, 4, and second by rotating the piston as you pull the pistonback through the seal.


v. Reverse the orientation of the seal so the lip of the seal is pointingtowards the cylinder nut.

vi. Slowly and carefully, work piston through the lip of the seal byusing the leading edge of the piston notch to grip the lip of the seal.Rotate the piston while working it through the lip. Once the lipsurrounds the piston shaft, rotate the piston shaft through the sealuntil the seal is about midway up the shaft. The first seal, 4, is nowin place.

vii. Check to make sure that the seal lip is not damaged or distorted andthat it fits around the piston shaft with uniform snugness.

4. Replace the second seal, 5, in the same manner as described in steps Athrough C. Move the seal to a position dose to that the first seal, 4.Replace the third seal, 6, in the same manner as second seal, 5.

5. When all three seals are properly oriented, first seal, 4, lip up, secondand third seals (5 and 6), lips down on the piston shaft, wet the piston,and the three seals, and the cylinder hole with deionized water or non-abrasive liquid hand soap. Rotate the piston into the cylinder hole untilall three seals are resting directly on top of each other while touchingthe top of the cylinder, 8.

6. Position the gland washer atop the seals and screw the cylinder nutback in place. Firm up the nut with channel-lock pliers or wrench,depending on the type of cylinder nut your pump head has (i.e.,knurled or hexagonal flats).

7. Reinstall the pump head on its motor base.

8. Disconnect plumbing at inlet and outlet of pump head. Briefly turnthe power to the pump on and off until the piston drive pin stops atthe 9 and 10 o'clock position in the spindle assembly (looking up frombase of pump). Set the black plastic adjustment knob until the pointeris at on scale left of center. Lightly lubricate piston drive pin and radialbearing in spindle assembly with a good quality grease. Extend thepiston 1.25 inches (3 cm) from the cylinder nut and carefully insertthe drive pin into the bearing. Slide the pump head into positionon the base making sure that the pointer end fits into the plastic sloton the threaded adjustment rod. Adjust the blue pointer position tothe correct scale setting. The pointer setting is 2.8 right of center forsample pump and reagent pump is 1.5 to the left of center. Retightenknurled nuts securing the pump head.


9. Plug the suction port with an appropriate plug (1 /4" plastic dowel) andtighten the fitting. Turn the pump on for 10 seconds anid then it turnoff. This seats the seals.

10. Reconnect the plumbing and check for air and fluid leaks. Recalibratethe pump to its proper flow rate.

Motors Motors do not require periodic lubrication.

Air Filter Replacement The monitor enclosure is cooled by an exhaust fan located on the upperright hand side. Cooling air is drawn in through a louvre located on thebottom left of the monitor. The cooling air passes through a carbon filterto remove dust and airborne oxidants. The filter, Cat. No. 170020, thatis included in the consumables kit should be replaced quarterly or morefrequently as environmental conditions warrant.

1. Loosen the knurled screw holding the filter clamp in place. Rotate thedlamp out of the way.

2. Remove the filter by holding the end nearest the clamp, first pulling intowards the center of the enclosure and then straight out.

To install new filter.

i. Insert one end of the carbon filter into the rear bracket. Then pressthe front end of the filter in until it contacts the gasket.

ii. Rotate the clamp so that it holds the filter and tighten the knurledclamp screw.

Note: Remember to perform monthly maintenance after quaererlymaintenance procedures are completed.

Therrno Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User Guide 7-7-7

Yearly Maintenance i. Replace the sensing electrode.

2. Check the electronics calibration. Refer to the Electronics CalibrationProcedure section.

3. Replace the air pump, Cat. No. 702608-A0l.

4. Replace 0-rings and grommets as required, Cat. No. 212859-SO01.

5. Perform the quarterly and monthly maintenance procedures.

Instrument Shutdown Note: The numbers in the descriptions refer to Figure 1.

To shutdown the monitor for less than three days.

1. Press the main power switch, 8. This will discontinue power to thepumps and the electronics.

To shutdown the monitor for more than three days:

1. Remove the standards bottle, 43, from the instrument and fill it withdeionized water to flush sample lines.

2. Remove the reagent carboy cover, 44, and place the dipstick into thedeionized water from the previous step.

3. Let the instrument run for one hour to flush all the reagent from thereagent pump. This is done to prevent failure of the pump head due tocrystailization of the reagent.

4. Press the main switch, 8. This will discontinue power to the pumpsand electronics.

5. Remove the reagent carboy cover and dipstick from the deionized waterand return it to the reagent carboy.

6. Remove electrode and let it hang by its connector to stay dry.

7. If instrument is to be shut down more than a few weeks, discard thereagent.

7-8 7-8 Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 Chlorine Monitor User tuide

Theory of Operation

Chapter 8 Electronics AssemblyThe Thermo Scientific Orion 1770 amplifier is designed to convert thesmall voltage signal developed by the sensing (chlorine) electrode intoa voltage of sufficient magnitude and power to drive the panel monitoras well as any external voltage and current recorders. In addition, theamplifier is designed to compensate for the temperature sensitivity of theelectrode.

The Orion 1770 amplifier can be divided into three sections:

1. Input stage, consisting of Qi, ZiA, ZiB and ZiG

2. Output stage, consisting of Z2

3. Voltage to current conversion stage, consisting of Z5, Z6, and Q2.

Refer to the electrical schematic for the location of these items.

The voltage developed by the sensing (chlorine) electrode, in response tochanges in the chlorine concentration, is buffered by a high impedance,unity gain amplifier consisting primarily of the dual FET Qi andoperationial amplifiers ZiA and ZiB. The 100 megohm resistor in serieswith each electrode lead and the gate of each FET serves to balance theimpedance seen by the amplifier. The common mode component of theoutput of ZiA and ZiB is eliminated by ZiG, leaving the electrode signal,which is then amplified by a factor of 20. Further power gain is achievedby Q3 which, in conjunction with ZiC, acts as a current booster.

The calibrate control operates on ZiA and B to provide sufficient voltageoffset to accommodate the variations normally found among chlorineelectrodes.

Input Stage


Output Stage The output stage consists of operational amplifier Z2 together with slopecontrol, slope trim pot R20, temperature compensation circuitry (Ti, R50and R51), and the panel monitor, M, with its trim control R28.

The signal from the emitter of Q3 in the input stage arrives at Z2 via theslope control and R20.

The gain of the output stage can be varied, by means of the slope control,over a sufficiently wide range to compensate for the slight variations insensitivity normally found among chlorine electrodes.

Temperature compensation is achieved in the output stage by feeding athermistor derived temperature dependent voltage into the amplifier. Thethermistor is located in the electrode block in order to more precisely trackthe electrode temperature. The thermistor switched out in the calibrateand test positions.

The overall gain of this stage is designed to provide 5.00 V at the output(intersection of R26 and R27) for a fulil scale deflection of the panelmonitor. D3 protects the monitors from reverse polarity, as might occurunder open circuit or fault conditions

The E to I converter consists primarily of Z5, Z6, and Q2. It is designedto convert the 0 to 5 V output of the output stage to 1 to 5, 4 to 20 or 10to 50 mA signal range (depending on the value chosen for R47) for externalrecorders or controllers. The voltage to current conversion is carriedout by Z5; regulation and control of the current by Z6. Q2 operates inconjunction with Z5 as a current booster, capable of providing up to50 mA.

Voltage To CurrentConverter (E to I Converter)


Quick ElectronicsPerformance Check

1. Set the function switch to the test position. If the monitor has beenproperly calibrated, the monitor reading normally should be ±+ onedecade of center scale. The slope knob dot should be between 10 to 3o'clock.

2. Using the calibration control knob, set the monitor needle to read fullscale left. Adjust the calibration control knob to set the monitor needleto read fulil scale right. Failure to read on scale or failure to controlthe monitor needle movement over the full range using the calibrationcontrol indicates an electronics failure.

3. Adjust the calibration control knob to set the monitor needle tocenter scale. Allow the monitor to run for a minimum of 30 minutes.Check the recorder trace (or observe the monitor carefully) and watchfor signs of drift or noise. Any noticeable variation in the reading isunacceptable.

4. Set the slope knob to the full counterclockwise position (0% slope).Using the calibration control knob, set the monitor needle to read fulilscale right. Check the amplifier's slope control by rotating the slopeknob to its fulil clockwise position (100% slope). The monitor needleshould now read less than fulil scale.

This procedure is for four decade monitors only and requires the use ofthe electronic test kit, Cat. No. 180029, and details complete operationalcheckout and recalibration. Refer to the electronics schematic, if necessary.If any problems arise, or for non standard (two decade) ranges, contactTechnical Support.

ElectronicsCalibration Procedure

Setup 1. Follow the start-up instructions packaged with the electronic test kit,Cat. No. 180029.

2. Connect the positive (+) lead of the electronic test kit in place of theelectrode on the base of electronics using SHV adaptor cable supplied.

3. Set the junction box switch to the low impedance mode.

4. Connect the positive (+) lead of the DVOM to yellow output signalwire, and the negative (-) lead to the orange wire. Both wires arelocated in left conduit elbow on the electronics enclosure.


Procedure 1. Mechanical zero adjust-

* Turn the electronics power off

* Adjust the screw beneath the monitor face until the needle points to0.00 1 ppm (full scale left).

2. Gain adjust/slope span check-

* Turn the electronics power on.

* Tarn the function switch to the calibrate position. Turn the slopepot R29 to fully clockwise position.

* Input +532 mV using the electronics test kit, Cat. No. 180029.Adjust the calibration pot P32 until E~our equals 0.00 V on theDVOM. The monitor panel should read exactdy 0.00 1 ppm.

* Input +660 mV using the electronics test kit. Adjust R20 until Eou.equals 5.00 +- .03 V on the DVOM.

* Turn the slope pot R29 to the fully counterclockwise position.

* Input +532 mV using the electronics test kit. Increase the mVinput until the monitor panel reads exactly 0.01 ppm. Thedifference between the new mV input anid +532 mV must be19±+-3.0OiV.

Nate: Older revision electronics had different P21 and R29 values andwill fail this test. These units should be updated.

3. Monitor adjust-

* Input +660 mV using the electronics test kit and turn the slopepot R29 clockwise until Eo,• equals 5.00 ±+ .03 V on the DVOM.Adjust R28 until the monitor panel reads 10.0 ppm (fulil scaleright).

* Input +596 mV using the electronics test kit. The E0 ut should equal2.50 -+ .08 V on the DVOM. Check that monitor panel reads0.10 ppm _+.01.

* If necessary; split the difference of the two steps by adjusting R28.


4. Test voltage check-

- Turn the slope pot R29 to the fu~lly clockwise position. Input +532mV using the electronics test kit. Adjust the calibration pot R32until the DVOM reads 0.00 V.

*Turn the function switch to the test position. Adjust R48 until theDVOM reads 2.50 ± .08 V. Check that the monitor panel reads0.1 ppm ± .02 ppm.

5. lout check-

* Reconnect the positive (+) lead of the DVOM to the blue outputsignal lead in the electronics left conduit elbow.

* Switch the DVOM to a current range sufficient to accommodate a4 to 20 nA signal.

* Turn the function switch to the calibrate position. Set the slope potR29 to the 2 o'clock position. Input +532 mV using the electronicstest kit.

* Check that the Io~ on the DVOM reads 4.0 ± 0.2 mA. Input +589mV using the electronics test kit.

* Check that the lou on the DVOM reads 12.0 _+ 0.3 mA. Input+646 mV using the electronics test kit.

* Check that the Iou on the DVOM reads 20.0 ± .5 mnV

6. Temperature compensation check-

" Remove the thermistor connector from the base of the electronics.

*Measure the resistance across pins labeled 3 and 1 on the thermistor

connector.

*Resistance should be the following (approximate values):

Temperature Resistance

0°C 50K•2

20 0oC 30 Kf

50 0 C 1OK•2

* Replace the thermistor if it is defective.


Chapter 9 Customer Services

TroubleshootingSymptom- Monitor Readings

Off Scale or NoisyThe monitor will read below the minimum 0.00 1 ppm value if the chlorineconcentration in the sample is below this value. It is to be expected thateven the purified iodide reagent will contribute between 0.1 and 0.5 ppb ofbackground iodine and therefore 0.001 to 0.01 ppm is the lowest decaderange that is meaningful for sample measurement. For this reason, a lowerrange has not been included on the scale. A reading to the left of 0.001ppm does not mean a negative reading or a value below zero.

However, a measured value below 0.00 1 ppm can be obtained in the eventof the following malfuanctions:

1. The calibration knob was not reset after the slope adjustmentprocedure. If the calibration knob was not set after the slope wasadjusted, the instrument will read a value much lower than the truevalue. Recalibrate the monitor and determine if the sample still readsbelow 0.001 ppm.

2. An electronics or electrode malfunction can cause the monitor to readoff scale.

* Turn off all pumps.

* Check that the BNC-type connector of the electrode is tight in thejack. Loosen the connector and retighten it.

* Verifly that the electronics is operating properly by performing theQuick Electronics Performance Check procedure.

*If the electronics seem okay, set it the slope knob to the 2 o'clockposition. Set the function switch to the test position and adjustthe monitor to read 0.05 ppm using the calibration knob. Themonitor is now electronically calibrated close to expected chemicalcalibration results.

Note: This procedure only applies to standard 0.001 to 10 ppm scaleranges. Contact Technical Support for checking other ranges.


Symptom- Reagent FlowInterrupted

*Attach a 0.1 ppm standard (see Calibration) and run standardthrough monitor. If the electrode is good, the monitor readingshould be on scale, ideally reading 0.1 ppm _+ one decade ofconcentration.

*If a stable reading is obtained, it suggests that the calibrate knobposition may have been moved since the last calibration. Recalibrateinstrument and check periodically over the next two days.

*If reading is off scale or unstable, replace electrode with spare (Cat.No. 100020). Repeat steps B and F. See Reagent Flow Interrupted ifthe problem persists

If the reagent flow to the monitor is interrupted, the reading may becomeerratic. The correct flow rate should be approximately 0.35 mL perminute. Check the flow rate by measuring the discharge flow rate of pump.The pump head pointer should be set at 1.5 to the left of center.

To check for a reagent flow problem:

1. Determine if there is reagent in the carboy. Refill! it if necessary.

2. Check that the pump is running. If not, check the fuse andconnections. If the pump 'still does not function, replace the pump.

3. Check for leaks at the reagent pump discharge port. If large amountsof air are noted, it is possible that the pump seals are worn and needto be replaced. See the Quarterly Maintenance section for pump sealreplacement instructions

Note: Check that the fuses for both sample and reagent pumps are 5 amp.Older monitors used 3 amp fuses that are too small for the newer pumps.

Large voltage fluctuations in the supply line can cause erratic monitoroutput. If instrument noise may be caused by line voltage fluctuations, anelectrician should be called.

Symptom- Large VoltageFluctuation


Symptom- Sample Flaw 1. Check that the pump fuse is 5 amp and operating properly.Interrupted2. Check that the inlet sample block flow rate is at least 0.5 gallon (2

liters) per minute or excessive air will be drawn in by the sample pump.

3. Check the sample pump. The flow rate at discharge should be 10 to 15mL per minute when the pump head pointer is set 2.8 right of center.

4. If excessive air is observed at the sample pump discharge, make sure thefittings are tight and replace the pump seals, Cat. No. 212857-A0l,if necessary. See the Quarterly Maintenance section for pump sealreplacement instructions

Symptom- Insufficient Monitor noise or drift due to inadequate mixing may be caused byMixing insufficient air agitation in the mixing loop.

1. Remove the air connection at the flow cell block.

2. Put the end of the air line into a glass beaker of water. Ifa vigorousstream of bubbles is not observed, remove the check valve and testthe air stream again. If an adequate air stream is observed, replace thecheck valve, Cat. No. 203278-001. If the air stream is still insufficient,replace the air pump, Cat. No. 702608-AG01. Refer to Figure 18.

Figure 18- Air Pump Replacement


Symptom- MonitorGrounding Issue1. Set the fimction switch to the test position and watch the monitor

reading. If the reading is steady, the amplifier is not faulty.

2. Check the ground pin connections to make sure they are secure at bothends.

3. Check the ground cable for continuity using a volt-ohm meter.

4. Be sure the monitor is grounded properly through the incoming ACpower line

After troubleshooting all components of your measurement system, contactTechnical Support. Within the United States call 1.800.225.1480 andoutside the United States call 978.232.6000 or fax 978.232.6031. InEurope, the Middle East and Africa, contact your local authorized dealer.For the most current contact information, visit www.thermo.com/water.

For the most current warranty information, visit www.thermo.com/water.

Assistance

Warranty


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Ordering Information Cat. No.177001

Description...Total residual chlorine monitor, includes chlorineelectrode and user guide, 115 V

177003 Total residual chlorine monitor, includes chlorineelectrode and user guide, 220 V

177050 Consumables kit, for one year of operation, includestwelve sets of acid reagent concentrate and reagentpowder (Cat. No. 177011), one calibration refill kit(Cat. No. 177013), four reagent purification columnsand fittings (Cat. No. 170012), four tubing kits (Cat.No. 170013), one set of sample inlet screens (Cat.No. 212856-SOI1), two sets of pump seals (Cat. No.212857-A0l), one set of fuses (Cat. No. 212858-S01),two grommet and 0-ring kits (Cat. No. 212859-SO01),four check valves (Cat. No. 203278-001), four carbonfilters (Cat. No. 170020), one set of JACO fittings (Cat.No. 212860-S01), one set of GALTEK fittings (Cat.No. 170022) and electrode polishing strips (Cat. No.948201)

100020 Chlorine electrode177011 Reagent acid concentrate, 30 day supply, includes

900 mL of acid concentrate and 54 g of reagent powder(requires dilution with deionized water to produce 5gallons)

177014 Standard A and B kit, indludes potassium iodateconcentrate for preparing standards equivalent to 0.1ppm and 1.0 ppm total residual chlorine, four bottles.Must be mixed with Cat. No. 177041 and 177042,purchase solutions separately

177041 Iodide solution for standards, 5 x 60 mL bottles

177042 Acid solution for standards, 5 x 60 mL bottles

177013 Calibration refill kit, for twenty calibrations, includesstandard A and B kit (Cat. No. 177014), iodide solution(Cat. No. 177041) and acid solution (Cat. No. 177042)

177015 Calibration equipment kit, for use with calibrationrefill kit, (Cat. No. 177013), includes 2 x 1000 mLvolumetric flasks, 1 x 500 mL wash bottle, 1 automaticpipette and 50 pipette tips (204798-001)


'Cat. No. Description

170012 Reagent purification colurmn and fittings

170013 Tubing kit

212856-SO01 Sample inlet screen kit

702608-A0l Air pump assembly

212857-A01 Pump seals (one set)

212858-SO01 Spare fuses (one set of two)

212859-SO01 Grommet and 0-ring kit

203278-SO01 Check valve

170020 Carbon fiter

212860-SO01 JACO fitting set

170022 GALTEK fitting set

216477-001 Reagent pump head

216476-00 1 Sample pump head

216245-Aol Sample pump assembly, includes labels, connectors andcable to housing

216246-A02 Reagent pump assembly, includes labels, connectors andcable to housing

215891-00121589 1-002

801 568-A0 1

801 578-A0 1

203337-001

502812-002

203667-00 1

80159 1-A0 1

801601-A01

801601-A03

203486-001

203287-001

900196-A0l

7025 95-A0 1

901491-001

Sample pump

Sample

pump

Rea gent pumpFlow cell assembly

Inlet block assembly

5 gallon reagent container

Fill tube, reagent

Fill tube, standard bottle

Thermistor assembly

Electronics assembly, 115 VAC*

Electronics assembly, 220 VAC*

Bulb (transformer box switches)

Fan

Transformer enclosure assembly

Three-way valve assemblyStandard bottle

* If other than standard four decade range, customer must specify.


Specifications Measurement RangeLimit Of Detection

Accuracy-

Reproducibility

System Response TimeSample Requirements

0.001 to 10 ppm0.001 ppm

+_ 10% of reading or _± 3 ppb, whichever is

greater

-± 5% of reading or _+ 1.5 ppb, whichever is

greater

Full response within ten minutes

Flow: 2 liters per minute minimumPressure: 2 to 20 psigAlkalinity: 0 to 500 ppm as CaCO3

Temperature: 0 to 45 °C

Ambient temperature: 0 to 45 °CMaximum humidity: 98%

Wall mounting

0 to 5 VDC into 100 K(2 (minimum) load4 to 20 mA into 300 (2 (maximum) loadOutputs proportional to log ofconcentration

115/220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 150 watts(voltage to be specified when ordering)

5 feet x 25 inches x 13 inches

73 kg (160 Ibs) with filled reagent carboy

EnvironmentalRequirements

Mounting

Outputs

Power Requirements

Size

Weight

* Specifications subject to change without notice


Thermo Fisher ScientificEnvironmental Instruments

Water Analysis Instruments

166 Cummings CenterBeverly, MA 01915 USATel: 978-232-6000Toll Free: 800-225-1480Doam. Fax: 978-232-6015Int'l. Fax: 978-232-6031

www.thermo.com/water

255050-001 Rev.A 1107

RegisLerodQ .,__•qalty System

IS~o°•2°

I

Appendix EPhase 2 Bench-Scale Decay Data

Sample Temperature Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration(0

C) (M/D/Y 24:00) (minutes) .(jig/L) (% Initial)1/28/2013 14:22 0 195 100%1/2812013 14:28 6 136 70%1/28/2013 14:34 12 109 56%1/28/2013 14:41 19 94 48%1/28/2013 14:45 23 86 44%

35.81/821145308421/2812013 14:58 36 84 43%1/28/2013 15:04 42 80 43%1/28/2013 15:104 48 81 42%

_______________ 1/28/2013 15:16 54 88 45%1/28/2013 15:36 0 123 100%1/28/2013 15:42 6 101 82%1/28/2013 15:48 12 87 71%1/28/2013 15:54 18 73 59%

3591/28/2013 15:59 23 68 55%

1/28/2013 16:05 29 66 54%1/28/2013 16:11 35 72 59%1/28/2013 16:17 41 66 54%1/'28/2013 16:.23 47 82 67%1/28/2013 16:29 53 88 72%1/28/2013 16:49 0 111 100%1/28/2013 16:54 5 86 77%1/28/2013 17:00 11 87 72%1/28/2013 17:07 18 65 47%

35.7 1/28/2013 17:12 23 64 28%1/28/2013 17:18 29 64 27%1/28/2013 17:24 35 65 28%1/28/2013 17:29 40 70 37%

_______________ 1/28/2013 17:35 46 70 41%2/25/2015 12:44 0 144 100%2/25/2013 12:51 7 116 81%2/25/2013 12:56 12 112 78%2/25/2013 13:02 18 97 67%2/25/2013 13:10 26 84 58%

37.3 2/25/2013 13:15 31 75 52%2/25/2013 13:21 37 65 45%2/25/2013 13:27 43 59 41%2/25/2013 13:32 48 62 43%2/25/2013 13:37 53 56 39%2/25/2013 13:43 59 60 42%2/25/2013 14:04 0 208 100%2/25/2013 14:12 8 182 88%2/25/2013 14:19 15 184 88%2/25/2013 14:24 20 144 69%2/25/2013 14:30 26 131 63%2/25/2013 14:38 34 110 53%2/25/2013 14:44 40 105 50%2/25/2013 14:49 45 100 48%2/25/2013 14:54 50 104 50%2/25/2013 15:00 56 98 47%2/25/2013 15:23 0 160 100%2/25/2013 15:29 6 151 94%2/25/2013 15:36 13 121 76%2/25/2013 15:42 19 111 69%2/25/2013 15:47 24 101 63%

3712/25/2013 15:53 30 100 63%2/25/2013 15:59 36 83 52%2/25/2013 16:05 42 86 54%2/25/2013 16:10 47 77 48%

_______________ 2/25/2013 16:17 54 70 44%


Sample Temperature .. Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration(0c) (MD/Y 24:00) (minutes) (jsgq.) (% 3nitial)

3/25/2013 12:04 0 234 100%3/25/2013 12:12 8 182 78%3/25/2013 12:18 14 155 66%3/25/2013 12:25 21 129 55%

33.1 3/25/2013 12:31 27 110 47%3/25/2013 12:36 32 127 54%3/25/2013 12:42 38 106 45%3/25/2013 12:48 4-4 106 45%3/25/2013 12:53 49 99 42%3/25/2013 12:58 54 73 31%3/25/2013 13:23 0 185 100%3/25/2013 13:28 5 89 48%3/25/2013 13:35 12 185 100%3/25/2013 13:41 18 133 72%3/25/2013 13:45 22 63 34%3/25/2013 13:51 28 69 37%3/25/2013 13:55 32 57 31%3/25/2013 14:00 37 47 25%3/25/2013 14:05 42 45 24%3/25/2013 14:09 46 45 24%3/25/2013 14:13 50" 45 24%3/25/2013 14:18 55 41 22%3/25/2013 14:43 0 123 100%3/25/2013 14:48 5 81 66%3/25/2013 14:52 9 68 55%3/25/2013 14:57 14 60 49%

3393/25/2013 15:01 18 55 45%3393/25/2013 15:06 23 48 39%

3/25/2013 15:10 27 42 34%3/25/2013 15:13 30 43 35%3/25/2013 15:18 35 29 24%3/25/2013 15:22 39 35 28%4/24/2013 12:03 0 300 100%4/24/2013 12:12 9 167 56%4/24/2013 12:17 14 114 38%4/24/2013 12:21 18 94 31%4/24/2013 12:27 24 79 26%

3844/24/2013 12:32 29 75 25%4/24/2013 12:37 34 63 21%4/24/2013 12:43 40 62 21%4/24/2013 12:47 44 61 20%4/24/2013 12:52 49 60 20%4/24/2013 13:22 0 162 100%4/24/2013 13:27 5 83 51%4/24/2013 13:32 10 68 42%4/24/2013 13:37 15 59 36%4/24/2013 13:42 20 46 28%

38.84/4211342542%4/24/2013 13:52 30 40 25%4/24/2013 13:57 35 38 23%4/24/2013 14:01 39 37 23%

4/24/2013 14:06 44 34 21%4/24/2013 14-26 0 119 100%4/24/2013 14:30 4 71 60%4/24/2013 14:36 10 55 46%4/24/2013 14:44 18 40 34%4/24/2013 14:49 23 35 29%4/24/2013 14:54 28 30 25%4/24/2013 14:59 33 31 26%4/24/2013 15:04 38 27 23%4/24/2013 15:10 44 28 24%4/24/2013 15:16 50 27 23%


Sample Temperature .Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration(0C) CM/D/Y 24:00) (minutes) (pg/,g.) (% Initial)

5/31/2013 11:17 0 197 100%5/31/2013 11:22 5 131 66%5/31/2013 11i27 10 105 53%5/31/201311i:33 16 92 47%

3525/31/2013 11:38 21 86 44%3525/31/2013 11:44 27 75 38%

5,/31,/2013 11:49 32 66 34%5/31/2013 11:55 38 59 30%5/31/2013 12:00 43 51 26%5/31/2013 12:04 47 49 25%__________

5/31/2013 12:31 0 22105/31/2013 12:37 6 160 66%____________

5/31/2013 12:44 13104%5/31/2013 12:50 19 84 35%____________

5/31/2013 12:55 24 77 32%____________

5/31/2013 13:00 29 6 85/31/2013 13:05 34 61 25%_________ ________________

5/31/2013 13:09 38 58 24%____________

5/31/2013 13:13 42 5 3________________ 5/31/2013 13:18 47 4 9

5/31/2013 13:40 ___ 0 108 100%__________

5/31/2013 13:45 5 75 69%_____________

5/31/2013 13:49 9 52 48%_

5/3112013 13:54 14 434%3615/31/2013 13:59 19 3 43615/31/2013 14:03 23 32 30%____________

5/31/2013 14:07 27 2 65/31/2013 14:11 31 26 24%5/31/2013 14:15 35 22 20%5/31/2013 14".20 40 20 19%6/24/2013 11:53 0 127 100%6/24/2013 11:59 6 89 70%6/24/2013 12:04 11 68 54%6/24/2013 12:10 17 53 42%6/24/2013 12:14 21 47 37%

39.7 6/24/2013 12:19 26 43 34%________ _______________

6/24/2013 12:24 31 3 16/24/2013 12:28 35 36 28%_____________

6/24/2013 12:33 40 32 25%_________ ________________

6/24/2013 12:38 45 3 46/24/2013 12:43 50 29 23%____________

6/24/2013 13:09 0 248 100%_______________________6/24/2013 13:16 719806/24/2013 13:22 13 136 55%________________________

6/24/2013 13:28 19 86 35%________ _______________

3576/24/2013 13:36 27 6 56/24/2013 13:41 32 54 ____________22%

6/24/2013 13:46 37 4619%6/24/2013 13:51 42 45 18%6/24/2013 13:55 46 40 16%6/24/2013 14:04 55 45 18%6/24/20 13 14:23 0 292 100%6/24/2013 14:30 7 129 44%6/24/2013 14:35 12 101 35%6/24/2013 14:41 18 81 28%6/24/2013 14:47 24 69 24%

36.16/421145335196/24/2013 15:00 37 56 19%6/24/2013 15:07 44 44 15%6/24/2013 15:11 48 44 15%

_______________ 6/24/2013 15:15 52 42 14%


Sample Temperature •Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration

C'C) (M/D/Y 24:00) (nimnest) (pigL) *(% Iniial)

7/22/2013 11:22 0 130 100%7/22/2013 12:27 5 91 70%7/22/2013 11:32 10 68 52%7/22/2013 11:38 16 58 45%7/22/2013 11:'43 21 53 41%

3707/22/2013 11:47 25 45 35%3707/22/2013 11:53 31 41 32%

7/22/2013 11:58 36 38 29%7/22/2013 12:03 41 34 26%7/22/2013 12:07 45 33 25%7/22/2013 12:11 49 30 23%

_______________ 7/22/2013 12:16 54 29 22%7/22/2013 12:41 0 123 100%7/2212013 12:'47 6 88 72%7/22/2013 12:52 11 73 59%7/22/2013 12:58 17 63 51%7/22/2013 13:03 22 51 41%

36.8 7/22/2013 13:08 27 47 38%7/22/2013 13:14 33 44 36%7/22/2013 13:19 38 42 34%7/22/2013 13:24 43 35 28%7/22/2013 13:29 48 33 27%7/22/2013 13:34 53 32 26%

_______________ 7/22/2013 13:38 57 31 25%7/22/2013 13:55 0 137 100%7/22/2013 14:00 5 95 69%7/22/2013 14:06 11 73 53%7/22/2013 14:11 16 62 45%7/22/2013 I4:I7___ 2250 36%7/22/2013 14:23 28 45 33%7/22/2013 14:29 34 39 28%7/2212013 14:34 39 36 26%7/22/2013 14:39 44 34 25%7/22/2013 14:44 49 31 23%7/22/2013 14:49 54 26 19%

_______________ 7/22/2013 14:53 58 28 20%8/12/2013 11:29 0 138 100%8/12/2013 11:34 5 87 63%8/12/2013 11:39 10 64 46%8/12/2013 11:44 15 48 35%8/12/2013 11:,48 19 44 32%

4078/12/2013 11:53 24 37 27%4078/12/2013 11:58 29 33 24%

8/12/2013 12:02 33 32 23%8/12/2013 12:06 37 28 20%8/12/2013 12:11 42 27 20%8/12/2013 12:15 46 22 16%

________________ 8/12/2013 12:19 50 25 18%8/12/2013 12:36 0 131 100%8/12/2013 12:41 5 83 63%8/12/2013 12:46 10 68 52%8/12/2013 12:51 15 53 40%8/12/2013 12:55 19 44 34%8/12/2013 13:00 24 40 31%

4038/12/2013 13:05 29 35 27%8/12./2013 13:09 33 32 24%8/12/2013 13:13 37 30 23%8/12/2013 13:17 41 27 21%8/12/2013 13"22 46 25 19%

_______________ 8/12/2013 13:27 51 23 18%8/12/2013 13:41 0 138 100%8/12/2013 13:47 6 107 78%8/12/2013 13:52 11 66 48%8/12/2013 13:57 16 52 38%8/12/2013 14:02 21 43 31%8/12/2013 14:06 25 39 28%

40.88/221 1412932%8/12/2013 14:16 35 32 23%

8/12/2013 14:20 39 25 18%

8/12/2013 14-24 4327 20%8/12/2013 14:28 47 22 16%

_________________ 8/12/2013 14:32 51 24 17%


Sample Temperature D~ate and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration-(0C) (M/uDJY 24:00) (minutes) (s~g/L). (% Inta)

9/23/2013 11:06 0 87100%9/23/2013 11:11 5 5563%912312013 11:16 10 38 ____________44%

9/23/2013 11:22 16 2933%9/'23/2013 12:28 22 2428%

4269/23/2013 11:32 26 2326%9/23/2013 11:37 31 18 ___________21%

9/23/2013 11:42 36 1 09/23./2013 11:46 40 16 18%_________ _______________

9/23/201.3 11:50 44 16 18%____________

4179/23/2013 12:44 29 16 18%____________

9/23/2013 12:49 34 !6 18%_________ ________________

9/23/2013 12:154 39 163 100%________________________

9/23/2013 12:28 43 83 51%____________

9/23/2013 13:03 48 60 37%_________ ________________

9/23/2013 13:07 5251319/23/2013 13:31 20 41 25%_________ ________________

4179/23/2013 13:37 25 34 21__________ ______________

9/23/2013 13:42 11 32 20%_________ ________________

9/23/2013 13:46 15 30 8%9/23/2013 13:51 20 25 15____________3%

4179/23/2013 13:56 25 22 ___________3_2%

9/23/2013 14:01 30 21 13___________2%

9/23/2013 14:05 34 .21 __________ 13%9/23/2013 14:11 40 123 ___________180%

9/23/2013 14:15 44 17%9/23/2013 14:19 48 57 4___________ 6%9/23/2013 14:236 52 47 38%_________ ________________

10/15/2013 10:519 70 37 30%___________

37.2 10/15/2013 10:54 325 33 27%_________ ______________

9_______________ 1/15/2013 11:09 57 27 22%___________

10/15/2013 12:06 341621

90/31/2013 14:2402 8

10/15/2013 12:35 45 21 17%__________

10/15/2013 12:39 49 20 16%________ _______________

10/15/2013 12442 54 20 16%___________

10/15/2013 13:43 0 130 100%__________

10/15/2013 13:48 5 80 62%___________

10/15/2013 13:53 10 53 41_____________

10/15/2013 13:58 15 43 33%____________

10/15/2013 14023 2193 837210/15/2013 14073 24 24 17%40610/15/2013 14:14 2 2972 216%

10/15/2013 14:17 34 19 214%

10/15/2013 14:23 40 20 14%

10/15/2013 14:09 44 17 12%10/15/2013 14:31 48 151 110%

_______________ 10/15/2013 14:35 52 16 12%


Sample Temperature Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration.(0C) (MI/DY 24:00) (minutes) (igtL.) (%"Initial)

11/18/2013 11:10 0 __ 53____100%____11/18/2013 11:16 6 114 75%____________________________11/18/2013 11:22 12 93 61%________ _______________

11/18./2013 11:28 18 75 49%__________11/18/2013 11:33 23 63 41%_________ ________________

40.2 11/1812013 11:38 28 50 33%_________ ________________

11/18/2013 11:43 33 42 27%_________ ________________

11/18/2013 11:48 38 41 27%_________

11118/2013 11:53 43 35 23%___________11/18/2013 11:57 47 3 111/18/2013 12:02 52 3 0

________________ 11/18/2013 12:07 57 2 9

11/18/2013 12:44 0 171011/18/2013 12:50 6128211/1812013 12:57 13106%11/18/2013 13:02 18 90 57%____________

11/18/2013 13:08 24 71 45%_________ ________________

11/18/2013 13:13 29 65 41%____________40711/18/2013 13:19 35 60 38%____________

11/18/2013 13:23 39 5 231/38/2013 13:28 44 48 31%_____________________

11/18/2013 13:32 48 4 811/18/2013 13:37 53 4 6

________________ 11/18/2013 13:43 59 ___ 9_____25%_____

11/18/2013 14:28 0 161011/18/2013 14:33 5129711/18/2013 14:39 II887111/18/2013 14:44 16 74 64%_________ ________________

31/18/2013 14:49 21 6 4

40411/18/2013 15:00 32 4 1

12/17/2013 11:25 07 199 100%

12/17/2013 11:36 11 4328%12171/2013 11:415 16 32 28___________3%

1217/82013 11:46 21 3 30%32912/17/2013 11:525 27 2980%

12/17/2013 11:56 31 20 4%12/17/2013 12:00 35 23 2%12/17/2013 12:05 40 19 3%12/17/2013 12104 45 18 3%12/17/2013 12145 49 17 2%12/17/2013 12:20 3 55 18%12/17/2013 13:09 35 358 100%12/17/2013 13:14 5 101 64%12/17/2013 13:19 10 735 46%12/17/2013 13251 16 65 417%12/17/2013 13:30 21 535 34%12/17/2013 13:35 26 458 28%

12/17/2013 13:40 31 40 25%12/17/2013 13:45 36 37 23%12/17/2013 13:49 40 531 20%

32612/17/2013 13:54 45 30 19%12/17/2013 13:59 50 28 18%12/17/2013 14:045 55 26 26%12/17/2013 14:50 40 131 100%12/17/2013 14:55 45 830 51%12/17/2013 15:00 10 64 39%12/17/2013 15:05 15 21 31%12/17/2013 15:11 21 453 280%12/17/2013 15:16 26 834 2%

32312/17/2013 15:21 310 30 8%12/17/2013 15:26 36 29 318%12/17/2013 15:31 41 23 14%12/17/2013 15:36 46 21 213%12/17/2013 15:41 51 19 12%

12/17/2013 15:46 56 19 12%

Appendix B3Phase 2 Bench-Scale Decay Data

Sample Temperature -Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration(CC) . (M/D/Y 24:00) (minutes) (rtgIL) (________________)" _

1/28/2014 11:29 0 320 100%1/2812014 11:36 7 109 34%1/28/2014 11:41 12 99 31%1/28/2014 11:46 17 83 26%1/28/2014 11:51 22 74 23%

3551/28/2014 11:56 27 67 21%1/28/2014 12:01 32 57 18%1/28/2014 12:06 37 50 16%1/28/2014 12:12 43 46 14%1/28/2014 12:16 47 39 12%1/28/2014 12:21 52 39 12%1/28/2014 12:25 56 33 10%1/28/2014 13:16 0 183 100%1/28/2014 13:21 5 89 49%1/28/2014 13:27 11 63 34%1/28/2014 13:31 15 52 28%1/28/2014 13:36 20 43 23%

3631/28/2014 13:41 25 40 22%3631128/2014 13:46 30 31 17%

1/28/2014 13:51 35 28 15%1/28/2014 13:56 40 24 13%1128/2014 14:02 46 22 12%1/28/2014 14:08 52 20 11%1/28/2014 14:13 57 21 11%1/28/2014 14:47 0 .245 100%1/28/2014 14:53 6 100 41%1/28/2014 14:58 11 81 33%1/28/2014 15:03 16 65 27%1/28/2014 15:08 21 57 23%

3621/28/2014 15:13 26 47 19%3621/28/2014 15:18 31 40 16%

1/28/'2014 15:23 36 36 15%1/28/2014 15:28 41 32 13%1/28/2014 15:33 46 31 13%1/2812014 15:38 51 28 11%1/28/2014 15:42 55 27 11%2/27/2014 10:33 0 80 100%2/27/2014 10:39 6 44 55%2/27/2014 10:44 11 35 44%2/27/2014 10:48 15 27 34%2/27/2014 10:53 20 22 28%2/27/2014 10:58 25 16 20%

35.82/721 1103112%2/27/2014 11:104 37 16 20%2/27/2014 11:15 42 15 19%2/27/2014 11:20 47 15 19%

2/27/2014 11:'24 51 14 18%_______________ 2/27/2014 11:28 55 14 18%

2/27/2014 11:55 0 106 100%2/27/2014 12:00 5 71 67%2/27/2014 12:05 10 52 49%2/27/2014 12:10 15 44 42%2/27/2014 12:15 20 38 36%

3702/27/2014 12:20 25 32 30%3702/27/2014 12:25 30 30 28%

2/27/2014 12:30 35 25 24%2/27/2014 12:35 40 22 21%2/27/2014 12:40 45 18 17%2/27/2014 12:44 49 17 16%2/27/2014 12:48 53 17 16%2/27/2014 13:30 0 152 100%2/27/2014 13:35 5 90 59%2/27/2014 13:40 10 72 47%2/2712014 13:45 15 56 37%2/27/2014 13:49 19 49 32%2/27/2014 13:54 24 39 26%

3692/27/2014 13:59 29 39 26%2/27/2014 14:04 34 37 24%2/27/2014 14:09 39 32 21%2/27/2014 14:14 44 29 19%2/27/2014 14:18 48 26 17%

_______________ 2127/2014 1426 56 26 I7%


Sample Temperature Date and Time. Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration(0C) (M/DJY 24:00) (minutes) (gig/L) (% Initial_)

3/27/2014 10:59 0 265 100%3/27/2014 11:04 5 125 47%3/27/2014 11:10 11 107 40%3/27/2014 11:15 16 91 34%3/27/2014 11:22 23 81 31%3/27/2014 11:27 28 61 23%3/27/2014 11:31 32 63 24%3/27/2014 11:37 38 54 20%3/27/2014 11:42 43 48 18%3/27/201411:47 48 4-4 17%3/27/2014 11:51 52 41 15%3/27/2014 11:55 56 42 16%3/27/2014 12:12 0 212 100%3/27/2014 12:18 6 143 67%3/27/2014 12:23 11 92 43%3/27/2014 12:29 17 91 43%3/27/2014 12:34 22 68 32%3/27/2014 12:39 27 65 31%3/7204124.377 73/27/2014 12:451 39 53 25%

3/27/2014 12:55 43 45 21%3/27/2014 13:00 48 42 20%3/27/2014 13:04 52 43 20%3/27/2014 13:09 57 39 18%3/27/2014 13:33 0 176 100%3/27/2014 13:39 6 100 57%3/27/2014 13:45 12 80 45%3/27/2014 13:49 16 65 37%3/27/2014 13:54 2I 59 34%

3363/27/2014 14:01 28 31 18%3363/27/2014 14:05 32 43 24%

3/27/2014 14:11 38 35 20%3/27/2014 14:15 42 35 20%3/27/2014 14:19 46 28 16%3/27/201414:24 51 27 15%3/27/2014 14:28 55 25 14%4/'24/2014 10:01 0 191 100%4/24/2014 10:07 6 169 88%4/24/2014 10:13 12 140 73%4/24/2014 10:20 19 110 58%4/24/2014 10:25 24 87 46%4/24/201410:30 29 83 43%4/24/2014 10:35 34 74 39%4/24/2014 10:41 40 71 37%4/24/2014 10:48 47 62 32%4/24/2014 10:53 52 51 27%4/24/2014 10:58 57 51 27%4/24/2014 11:01 60 50 26%4/24/2014 15:05 0 244 100%4/24/2014 15:11 6 139 57%4/24/2014 15:16 I1 115 47%4/24/2014 15:22 17 104 43%4/24/2014 15:28 23 81 33%

3624/24/2014 15:36 31 71 29%3624/24/2014 15:42 37 64 26%

4/24/2014 15:47 42 56 23%4/24/2014 15:52 •47 52 21%4/24/2014 15:56 51 47 19%4/24/2014 16:01 56 43 18%4/24/2014 16:05 60 43 18%4/24/2014 16:40 0 204 100%4/24/20141I6:46 6 119 58%4/24/2014 16:51 11 100 49%4/24/2014 16:56 16 87 43%4/24/2014 17:02 22 70 34%4/24/2014 17:07 27 64 31%

3634/24/2014 17:12 32 60 29%4/24/2014 17:18 38 51 25%4/24/2014 17:22 42 43 21%4/24/2014 17:25 45 40 20%4/24/2014 17:32 52 37 18%

_______________ 4/24/2014 17:36 56 36 18%


Sample Temperature .Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration¢(C) (M/fD/Y" 24:00) ,(minutes) (jig/L) (% Initial)

5/29/2014 10:42 0 168 100%5/29/2014 10:47 5 145 100%5/29/2014 10:53 II 95 66%5/29/2014 10:59 17 77 53%5/29/2014 11:04 22 64 44%5/29/'2014 11:09 27 63 43%

40.25/9211113153%5/29/2014 11:13 36 52 36%

5/29/2014 11"22 40 42 29%5/29/2014 11:26 44 36 25%5/29/2014 11:31 49 42 29%

_____________ 5/29/2014 11:35 53 35 24%5/29/2014 13:29 0 163 100%5/29/2014 13:34 5 86 53%5/29/2014 13:39 10 65 40%5/29/2014 13:44 15 60 37%5/29/2014 13:'48 19 50 31%

4085/29/2014 13:53 24 43 26%4085/29/2014 13:58 29 28 17%

5/29/2014 14:03 34 31 19%5/29/2014 14:08 39 27 17%5/29/2014 14:12 43 26 16%5/29/2014 14:17 48 25 15%5/'29/2014 14:22 53 23 14%5/29/2014 14:54 0 188 100%5/29/2014 14:59 5 72 38%5/29/2014 15:04 10 51 27%5/29/2014 15:09 15 46 24%5/29/2014 15:14 20 35 19%

3975/29/2014 15:19 25 33 18%5/29/2014 15:24 30 31 16%5/29/2014 15:29 35 28 15%5/29/2014 15:33 39 25 13%5/29/2014 15:38 44 22 12%5/29/2014 15:43 49 20 11%5/29/2014 15:48 54 20 11%6/17/2014 10:29 0 120 100%6/17/2014 10:35 6 95 79%6/17/2014 10:42 13 76 63%6/17/2014 10:47 18 65 54%6/17/2014 10:53 24 52 43%

3916/17/2014 10:58 29 45 38%6/17/2014 11:03 34 39 33%6/17/2014 11:07 38 38 32%6/17/2014 11:13 44 36 30%6/17/2014 11:18 49 32 27%6/17/2014 11:23 54 31 26%6/17/2014 11:27 58 30 25%6/17/2014 11:44 0 346 100%6/17/2014 11:51 7 111 32%6/17/2014 11:57 13 114 33%6/17/2014 12:03 19 105 30%6/17/2014 12:08 24 89 26%6/17/2014 12:16 32 77 22%6/17/2014 122.2 38 68 20%6/17/2014 12:27 43 71 21%6/17/2014 12:32 48 53 15%6/17/2014 12:36 52 47 14%6/17/2014 12:40 56 42 12%6/17/2014 12:44 60 43 12%6/17/2014 13:40 0 249 100%6/17/2014 13:46 6 141 57%6/17/2014 13:51 11 111 45%6/17/2014 13:57 17 97 96/17/2014 14:01 21 86 35%6/17/2014 14:07 27 69 28%6/17/2014 14:11 31 62 25%6/17/2014 14:17 37 59 24%6/17/2014 14:22 42 50 20%6/17/2014 14:27 47 47 19%6/17/2014 14:33 53 39 36%

_______________ 6/17/2014 14:37 57 37 15%

Appendix BPhase 2 Bench-Scale Decay Data

•Sample Temperature - Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration(C) ,(MAY/Y 24:00) (minutes) (Uig') (%Intal)"

7/812014 10:19 0 82 100%7/8/2014 10:25 6 50 61%7/1820141I0:30 11 29 35%7/812014 10:35 16 20 24%7/1/2014 10:41 22 16 20%7/8120141I0:48 29 15 18%

4227/8/2014 10:54 35 12 15%7/812014 10:59 40 1 77/812014 11:03 44 12 15%_____________7/812014 11:0.8 49 14 17%_________ ________________

7/8/2014 ii:12 53 12_ 14%4287/8/2014 11:28 30 133_____________100____________

7/8/2014 12":04 36 63 47__________1%

7/812014 12:09 41 420%7/8/2014 12164 48 322%7/812014 12:20 52 24_____________ 10%7/8/201412:252 57 14 14%7/812014 12:59 30 1001%7/8/2014 13:04 6 1521%7/812014 13:09 41103 10___________2%

7/8/2014 13:14 18 2501%7/8/2014 13:18 19 1 17%7/8/2014 13:23 2457___________ 14 1%

4297/8/201413285 29 133 __________ 10%7/812014 13:34 36 564%7/812014 13:41 42 34 26___________1%7/812014 13:147 48 270%7/812014 13:52 53 23 17___________ %

________________ 7/8/2014 13:56 57 18 14%_________ ________________

78/1920149:10:2 09 14 11%_________ _______________

78/192014 913:5 36 15 11%________ _______________

78/192014 93:20 10 13 10%_____________

78/19201491:26 16 13 10%_________ ________________

78/192014 9:1:5 21 10 8%__________ _______________

78/192014 9356 2613103988/19/2014 9:40 30 117 100%_____________________

8/1912014 9:45 35 84 72%_____________________________8/1912014 9:50 40 6 38/19/2014 9:56 46 50 43%____________

8/19/2014 10:02 21 22 16%_______________ 8/19/2014 90:07 57 21 18%

8/19/2014 10:40 30 139 100%8/19/2014 10:45 35 103 74%8/1912014 10:50 10 81 17%8/19/2014 10:56 16 59 421%8/19/201411:02 521 52 39%

811912014 11:06 26 40 29%4098/19/2014 11:33 31 137 270%

8/1912014 11:5 45 132 23%8/1912014110:5 49 24 57%8/19/2014 10:54 14 23 17%

8/19/2014 14:38 21 127 100%8/19/2014 14:43 26 73 57%8/19/201414:49 11 3193 27%8/1912014 l14:5 16 39 31%8/1912014 14:59 21 34 27%8/19/2014 15:04 26 30 24%

4138/19/201415-:09 31 26 20%8/19/2014 1:1:3 35 23 18%8/19/2014 15:18 40 120 160%

8/1912014 15:24 46 20 16I%8/19/2014 14:29 21 16 23%8/19/2014 15:34 56 39 24%


•.Sample Temperature Date and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration""(0C) ' (M/D/Y 24:00) (minutes) ".(/sg/L) (% Initial)

9/18/2014 10:32 0 102 100%9/18/2014 10:37 5 74 73%9/18/2014 10:42 10 54 53%9/18/2014 10:48 16 47 46%/9/18/2014 10:53 21 36 35%

43.0 9/18/2014 10:59 27 31 30%9/18/2014 11:05 33 26 25%9/18/2014 11:10 38 36 35%9/18/2014 11:19 47 18 18%9/18/'2014 11:23 51 17 17%9/18/2014 11:28 56 14 14%

_____________ 9/18/2014 11:32 60 15 15%9/18/2014 13:10 0 122 100%9/18/2014 13:15 5 7I 58%9/18/2014 13:20 10 47 39%9/18/2014 13:25 15 37 30%9/18/2014 13:30 20 32 26%

43.5 9/18/2014 13:36 26 26 21%9/18/2014 13:45 35 25 20%9/18/2014 13:50 40 17 14%9/18/2014 13:55 45 16 13%9/18/2014 14:00 50 14 11%9/18/2014 14:05 55 16 13%9/18/2014 14:10 60 14 11%9/18/2014 15:02 0 136 100%9/18/2014 15:08 6 80 59%9/18/2014 15:13 11 56 41%9/18/2014 15:17 15 45 33%9/18/2014 15:22 20 34 25%9/18/2014 15:27 25 32 24%9/18/2014 15:32 30 27 20%9/18/2014 15:37 35 24 18%9/18/2014 15:42 40 21 15%9/18/2014 15:46 44 21 15%9/18/2014 15:50 48 19 14%

_______________ 9/18/2014 15:55 53 20 15%10/9/2014 9:18 0 133 100%10/9/2014 9:24 6 86 65%10/9/2014 9:30 12 36 27%10/9/2014 9:36 18 27 20%10/9/2014 9:41 23 19 14%10/9/2014 9:47 29 17 13%

41.110921953411%10/9/2014 9:57 39 15 11%10/9/201419:57 34 15 11%10/9/201I4 10:06 48 14 11%

10/9/2014 10:10 52 13 10%_____________ 10/9/2014 10:15 57 14 11%

10/9/2014 11:02 0 156 100%10/9/2014 11:07 5 71 46%10/9/2014 11:12 10 46 29%10/9/2014 11:18 16 32 21%10/9/2014 11"22 20 26 17%10/9/2014 11:27 25 20 13%

41.1109211133111%10/9/2014 11:38 36 16 10%

10/9/2014 11:42 40 17 11%10/9/2014 11:46 44 14 9%10/9/2014 11:51 49 16 10%

_____________ 10/9/2014 11:56 54 14 9%10/9/2014 13:07 0 136 100%10/9/2014 13:13 6 72 53%10/9/2014 13:17 10 49 36%10/9/2014 13:23 16 32 24%10/9/2014 13:28 21 26 19%10/9/2014 13:33 26 20 15%10/9/2014 13:38 31 17 13%10/9/2014 13:45 38 15 11%

*10/9/2014 13:49 42 16 12%10/9/2014 13:53 46 13 10%10/9/2014 13:58 51 15 11%10/9/2014 14:02 55 13 10%


Sample Temperature Dlate and Time Elapsed Time TRO Concentration TRO Concentration

("C) "•(M/D/Y 24:00) " (minutes) (pg/L) (% Initial) "

1111912014 12:25 0 180 100%11/19/2014 12:34 9 68 38%11/19/2014 12:40 15 54 30%11/19/2014 12:46 21 44 24%11/19/2014 12:52 27 33 18%

34.6 11/19/2014 12:57 32 29 16%11/1912014 13:02 37 24 13%11/1912014 13:06 41 24 13%11/1912014 13:10 45 22 12%11/1912014 13:15 50 21 12%11/191/2014 13:19 54 19 11%11/19/2014 13:23 58 17 9%11/1912014 14:25 0 156 100%11/19/2014 14:31 6 62 40%11/1912014 I4:35 10 37 24%11/1912014 14:39 14 32 21%11/1912014 14:44 19 20 13%

35511/1912014 14:50 25 20 13%11/1912014 14:59 34 19 12%11/19/2014 15:03 38 16 10%11/1912014 15:07 42 17 11%11/19/2014 15:11 46 14 9%11I/1912014 15:15 50 16 10%11/1912014 15:19 54 15 10%11/19/2014 16:01 0 138 100%11/19192014 16:05 4 70 51%11/1912014 16:14 13 43 31%11/19/2014 16:18 17 31 22%11/1912014 16:23 22 24 17%

35311/1912014 16:27 26 19 14%11/1912014 16:31 30 17 12%11/1912014 16:36 35 19 14%11/19/2014 16:40 39 16 12%11/19/2014 16:44 43 18 13%11/1912014 16:48 47 15 11%11/19/2014 16:52 51 19 14%12/10/2014 9:11 0 162 100%12/1012014 9:17 6 90 56%12/10/2014 9":23 12 65 40%12/10/2014 9:30 19 51 31%12/10/2014 9:34 23 38 23%12/1012014 9:38 27 30 19%12/10/2014 9:43 32 30 19%12/10/2014 9:48 37 25 15%12/1012014 9:53 42 28 17%12/10/2014 9:58 47 22 14%

12/1012014 10:02 51 24 15%12/1012014 10:06 55 22 14%12/1012014 11:14 0 138 100%12/1012014 11:20 6 75 54%12/1012014 11:27 13 55 40%12/1012014 11:31 17 44 32%12/101201411I:36 22 . 36 26%12/1012014 11:41 27 30 22%

35812/10120141I1:46 32 30 22%12/1012014 11:51 37 24 17%12/10/2014 11:56 42 24 17%12/1012014 12:00 46 21 15%12/10/2014 12:04 50 21 15%

_______________ 12/1012014 12:08 54 19 14%12/1012014 13:06 0 136 100%12/1012014 13:14 8 72 53%.12/1012014 13:21 15 52 38%12/1012014 13:26 20 31 23%12/1012014 13:32 26 30 22%12/1012014 13:36 30 22 16%

36.0 1/021 34 42 812/1012014 13:45 39 21 15%

12/1012014 13:49 43 22 16%12/1012014 13:54 48 19 14%12/10/2014 13:58 52 21 15%

________________ 12/1012014 14:02 56 20 15%

Notes:1.

0C indicates degrees Celsius.2. M/D/Y" indicates Month/Day/Year.3. TRO indicates Total Residual Oxidant_4. Isg0. indicates micrograms per liter.4. NR indicates not recorded.

i ..i,•..•.i.•.i-•i•.i..•..i•i = •ii,•..•i• ..• • ..i•i ...e = 1- e=...

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