I- U.S. joins the fightI- U.S. joins the fight

A. Protecting Allied shipping1. Develop Convoys- large group

of merchant ships traveling togethera)Escorted by fast allied

destroyersb)Ship losses fall dramatically

A. Protecting Allied shipping1. Develop Convoys- large group

of merchant ships traveling togethera)Escorted by fast allied

destroyersb)Ship losses fall dramatically

B. American Expeditionary force 1917

1.1st forces to go overseasa. Largely for moraleb. Led by John J. Pershing

1. insist they remain under American command

B. American Expeditionary force 1917

1.1st forces to go overseasa. Largely for moraleb. Led by John J. Pershing

1. insist they remain under American command

C. Allied setback in Russia1. New Bolshevik ruler Vladimir

Lenin pulls Russia outa)Communist gov’t

1)Economic +political system that eliminates private property +social classes

b)Signs Treaty of Brest- Litousk w/ Germany for peace in exchange for 30% of Russia’s territory

c)Allows Germany to pull all forces to W. front (France)

C. Allied setback in Russia1. New Bolshevik ruler Vladimir

Lenin pulls Russia outa)Communist gov’t

1)Economic +political system that eliminates private property +social classes

b)Signs Treaty of Brest- Litousk w/ Germany for peace in exchange for 30% of Russia’s territory

c)Allows Germany to pull all forces to W. front (France)

D. Germany attacks1. Seeing the opportunity Germany

pushes into France a)Nearly reaches Paris

2. American troops arrive in mass and push Germany back

3. U.s. resupply + reserves defeat tired Germans in battle and moralea)Germany forced to request

armistice1)A halt in fighting that allows for

peace talks

D. Germany attacks1. Seeing the opportunity Germany

pushes into France a)Nearly reaches Paris

2. American troops arrive in mass and push Germany back

3. U.s. resupply + reserves defeat tired Germans in battle and moralea)Germany forced to request

armistice1)A halt in fighting that allows for

peace talks

E. Turning the tide1. American + French troops

counter attack rear Chateau- Thierrya)U.S. Marines takes heavy

lossesb)Succeed in driving Germans

back

E. Turning the tide1. American + French troops

counter attack rear Chateau- Thierrya)U.S. Marines takes heavy

lossesb)Succeed in driving Germans

back

F. Battle of Argonne Forest1. Allied forces push from North

Sea to stalemate at Verduna. Germans were weakened by

influenza and lack of supplies due to British blockade

2. Germany’s defenses crumble

F. Battle of Argonne Forest1. Allied forces push from North

Sea to stalemate at Verduna. Germans were weakened by

influenza and lack of supplies due to British blockade

2. Germany’s defenses crumble

II- The ArmisticeII- The Armistice

A. Germany realizes their cause is lost1. Request armistice (cease fire to make

for peace talks)

A. Germany realizes their cause is lost1. Request armistice (cease fire to make

for peace talks)

B. Allies• Pull back troops• Cancel Brest-

Litousk• Surrender all U-

boats• War reparations

against Germany• Divide Central

Power colonies among allies

B. Allies• Pull back troops• Cancel Brest-

Litousk• Surrender all U-

boats• War reparations

against Germany• Divide Central

Power colonies among allies

Wilson- 14 points: peace treaty w/out victory

• Arms reduction• Freedom of the

seas• National self-

determination • League of Nations• Removal of Kaiser

Wilson- 14 points: peace treaty w/out victory

• Arms reduction• Freedom of the

seas• National self-

determination • League of Nations• Removal of Kaiser

C. Treaty of Versailles1. severe treatment of

Germanya. stripped of colonies

b. reparations (payments to cover war damages)

c. limit on size & type of German military

C. Treaty of Versailles1. severe treatment of

Germanya. stripped of colonies

b. reparations (payments to cover war damages)

c. limit on size & type of German military

2. League of Nationsa. organization of countries designed to ensure peace1. settle disputes and punish countries who break peace

D. League of Nations in America1. Congress rejects Wilson & the Leaguea. will limit America’s ability to act unilaterally

2. League of Nationsa. organization of countries designed to ensure peace1. settle disputes and punish countries who break peace

D. League of Nations in America1. Congress rejects Wilson & the Leaguea. will limit America’s ability to act unilaterally

2. Wilson goes on long speaking tour to gain support

a. suffers stroke3. U.S. never joins the league

a. severely limits its power

** Cartoon p.726**

2. Wilson goes on long speaking tour to gain support

a. suffers stroke3. U.S. never joins the league

a. severely limits its power

** Cartoon p.726**

E. Other treaties1. Wilson’s policy of self-

determination was seen in other treaties

a. Austria-Hungary split (map p. 725)

b. Serbs of Serbia join w/others to

form Yugoslavia

c. Poland declares independence

www.phschool.com mvp-7214

E. Other treaties1. Wilson’s policy of self-

determination was seen in other treaties

a. Austria-Hungary split (map p. 725)

b. Serbs of Serbia join w/others to

form Yugoslavia

c. Poland declares independence

www.phschool.com mvp-7214

III Post War AmericaIII Post War America

A- Influenza1. troop movement caused spread

a. 500,000 deaths in U.S. in 1918, 1919

b. killed more worldwide than the war

A- Influenza1. troop movement caused spread

a. 500,000 deaths in U.S. in 1918, 1919

b. killed more worldwide than the war

B- Labor Issues1. return of soldiers led to high unemployment

2. prices raise and unions demanded higher wages

a. in 1919, 4 million workers went on strike

B- Labor Issues1. return of soldiers led to high unemployment

2. prices raise and unions demanded higher wages

a. in 1919, 4 million workers went on strike

C- Red Scare1. many thought Communist “Reds” were behind labor issues

a. in Russia, Lenin had called for a worldwide revolution of workers

2. Between 1919 & 1920 a Red Scare, or fear of Communism spread

a. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer ordered immigrants suspected of radical view deported

1. known as “Palmer Raids”

C- Red Scare1. many thought Communist “Reds” were behind labor issues

a. in Russia, Lenin had called for a worldwide revolution of workers

2. Between 1919 & 1920 a Red Scare, or fear of Communism spread

a. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer ordered immigrants suspected of radical view deported

1. known as “Palmer Raids”