Name __________________________________________ Date ______________________ Period ___________

World War I & II Guided Notes, pp.333-338

I. Europe at War, pp.333-336 (please use old textbook or online textbook pages under WWI resources)

a. The World at War1. World War I started because of the assassination of which two Austro-Hungarian monarchs? _______ _________________________________________________ Date of assassination: ________________

2. Who was responsible for carrying out these assassinations? __________________________________

3. Why did Russia support Serbia? ________________________________________________________

b. World War I Alliances 4. What is the purpose of joining an alliance? _______________________________________________

5. What is an alliance? _________________________________________________________________

6. The Central Powers included 1) _________________________, 2) _________________________, 3) ________________________ (Ottoman Empire), and 4) ______________________________.

7. The Allies included 1) __________________ (dropped out in 1917), 2) _____________________, 3) ________________, 4) _______________ (joined in 1915), and the 5) ____________ (joined 1917).

8. Why did Russia drop out of WWI in 1917? _______________________________________________

9. How many civilians and soldiers died because of WWI? ___________________________________

10. *Reflect: How did the Industrial Revolution make this huge loss of life possible? ________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

11. During WWI, what were war dogs trained to do? 1) ________________________________, 2) __________________________, and 3) ___________________________________

12. Which alliance won? ___________________________

c. Europe after WWI

13. What were some of the problems that people faced in countries from both sides after the war was over? ____________________________________________________________________________

14. Who was held chiefly responsible for the damage of the war? ________________________

15. What was the country in question #14 forced to sign in 1919? ________________________ ______________________________________

Serbians were unhappy that Austria-Hungary took over Bosnia and Herzegovina (instead of Serbia).

16. What was the most devastating condition of this treaty that would help give rise to Hitler and the Nazi party? __________________________________________________________________________________________

d. A New Map of Europe 17. What happened to Austria-Hungary after WWI? ____________________________________________

II. World War II, pp.336-3381. What was Germany still paying for by the 1930s? ______________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Using prior knowledge or researching on your iPad, what major economic downturn devastated the global economy in 1929? _______________________________________________________

3. Who was elected as the German chancellor in 1933? _____________________________________

4. What party was this person a member of? _____________________________________________(Better known as the _______________________________________)

5. This party believed in fascism. Define fascism: _________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ * (Pronounced: fash-iz-uh m)

a. Hitler and the Nazi Party 6. What two things did fascists practice an extreme form of? 1) _____________________________

and 2) ______________________________ *Fascists also had racist beliefs.

7. Who did Hitler blame for Germany’s problems? ________________________________________

8. His Nazi followers seized ____________________________ and began to send _____________, along with _________________________, ________________________________, and others to concentration camps (which were either forced labor camps or death camps).

9. What do we call the time period in which millions of people were deliberately killed by Hitler and the Nazi Party? _______________________________

10. What event started World War II in 1939? ____________________________________________ *WWII lasted from 1939 until ______________ (*look at WWII Alliances chart on p.336)

11. By June 1940, Hitler’s army had swept through _________________________________, and conquered the following 6 countries:

1) ____________________________ 4) ____________________________

2) ____________________________ 5) ____________________________

3) ____________________________ 6) ____________________________

Nazi swastika

He and his party manipulated the elections by burning down the Reichstag (the German equivalent of the White House) and blaming it on the Communists so that his party would win by a landslide.

*Other groups that he targeted were gypsies, communists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, the disabled, etc.*Use of propaganda within Germany helped Nazis to openly persecute these groups.

An estimated 11 million people died during this time. Hitler targeted anyone he felt did not contribute to the “greater good of society.”

12. What country did Germany invade a year later? ___________________________________a. Who was the fascist dictator of this country at the time? _______________________

______________

13. In which city did Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in July of 1942? ________________________

14. How many years did Anne Frank, her family, and 4 others hide out in the attic? ___________________

b. WWII Alliances

15. Axis Powers: 1) ________________________ 2) ________________________ 3) ________________________

16. Allied Forces: 1) ________________________ 2) ________________________ (until June 1940) 3) ________________________ (formerly Russia) 4) ________________________ (joined in 1941)

17. What event prompted the U.S. to enter WWII? _______________________________________________

a. What date did this event happen? ___________________________________________________

c. Europe after WWII

18. By the end of the war, which three Allied countries occupied Western Europe (and the western part of Germany)? ___________________, _____________________ and the _________________________

19. Which Allied communist country occupied Eastern Europe (and the eastern part of Germany)? _________________________________

*These 3 countries allied together because they were all led by what kind of autocratic leaders?

___________________________________ *Hint: Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and

Hideki Tojo.

The motivation behind the attack was that the U.S. and China were allies with each other at the time. Japan was at war with China to conquer more land, but got 90% of its oil supply from the U.S., which was a conflict of interest in the

alliance between China and the U.S. As a result, the U.S. threatened to freeze Japan’s assets and place an oil embargo on them if they did not cease their attempts to conquer China (which also could have lead to the U.S. going to defend

China). Japan, however, wanted to continue its war efforts and felt that the only real threat from the U.S. was the U.S. Pacific Fleet located in Hawaii, and knew that China had oil to compensate for the U.S.’s oil embargo. To alleviate the

threat, they attacked the U.S. naval base, only to have “awakened a sleeping giant.”

*Please note: The two countries had signed a non-aggression pact in 1939 just days before the war started, but Hitler betrayed that pact, which caused this country to switch alliances to the Allied Forces.

*The attic was concealed behind a bookshelf so that Nazis couldn’t see the entrance to their hideout. Anne and her family, except for her dad, died in a concentration camp. Anne and her sister died of typhus in Bergen-

Belsen in Germany, while the others died in Auschwitz, which is located in Poland.

20. What is the name of the defense alliance established by the U.S., Canada, and the countries of Western Europe? __________________

a) What do the initials stand for? __________________________________________

21. What did this defense alliance agree to do? ____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________

22. What key factor separated the Soviet Union from Western Europe and the U.S. after the war was over? _________________________________________________________

d. The Marshall Plan

23. What act did the U.S. Secretary of State George C. Marshall create? ________________________________ _________________________________________ (also known as the Marshall Plan)

24. What three types of aid did this plan provide to the countries of Western Europe?

1) __________________________________2) __________________________________3) __________________________________

25. The Marshall Plan may have also prevented what two things? 1) __________________________________ and 2) ____________________________________

Research the following questions on your iPad to find out key events, dates, etc. for World War II.

26. On which two Japanese cities did the U.S. drop atomic bombs?

1) ____________________________ and 2) ____________________________

27. What does V-E Day stand for? ____________________________________________

a) Date of V-E Day: ___________________________________

28. What does V-J Day stand for? ____________________________________________

b) Date of V-J Day: ___________________________________

Extra credit options (2 points per answer)

29. What happened to Benito Mussolini after Italy surrendered? ___________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

30. What happened to Hideki Tojo after Japan surrendered? ______________________________________

* This is why communism spread throughout Eastern Europe and trickled down into Asia. * This is also why the Berlin Wall was eventually built in Germany in 1961 – to keep people from fleeing from Germany’s communist east to Germany’s democratic west. It was guarded by armed soldiers and barbed wire before the wall was built. * Trivia: Which U.S. president called for the wall to be torn down? _______________________________

*This major difference is what gave rise to the Cold War, which lasted from 1947- 1991.

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31. What happened to Adolf Hitler as Germany was about to surrender? _____________________________

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