i1-[ontospace] ontologies for spatial communication john bateman, kerstin fischer, reinhard moratz...
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I1-[OntoSpace]Ontologies for Spatial Communication
John Bateman, Kerstin Fischer, Reinhard Moratz
Scott Farrar, Thora Tenbrink
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I1-[OntoSpace]
user
Rolland
Pioneer
Provision of natural dialogic interaction concerning user tasks in a spatial context
presentation of spatial information communication of spatially-situated actions
Focusing on RE-USABILITY of components and EXTENSIBILITY of approach
producing NON-TASK SPECIFIC solutions
Motivation
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Difficulties
different perceptual systems of human and robot: necessity of mediation
discourse situation influences linguistic choices
determining factors as yet unknown
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Two problem areas for investigation
Complexity of negotiating spatial relations Variability of reference systems Discoursal negotiation processes Situational factors
Unfamiliarity of interaction situation Communication with an artificial interlocutor Choice of linguistic expressions No knowledge about robot‘s functionalities
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Reference systems
Intrinsic: Localisation of object by reference to the intrinsic
properties of another entity, e.g. speaker‘s front: “The ball is in front of me”
Relative: Presence of relatum required:
“The ball is in front of the table” Group-based reference if one of several similar objects is
referred to: “The leftmost ball”
Absolute: the earth‘s cardinal directions (north, south)
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Perspectives
Speaker-centered: Intrinsic: “The ball is in front of me” Relative: “From my point of view, the ball is to the right of the
table” Absolute: “to the north of me”
Listener-centered: Intrinsic: “The ball is in front of you” Relative: “From your point of view, the ball is to the right of the
table” Absolute: “to the north of you”
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Our approach
Elicitation of data in experimental settingsanalysis of linguistic choices in relation to situational parameters (spatial settings and tasks; robot appearance and behavior)
Integration in a single functioning system modeling of dialogue mechanisms achieving flexibility of interpretation by modularity
Ontology mappingFlexibility of mapping mechanisms required: the discourse model informs how the domain model concept is to be subordinated in a given context
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I1-[OntoSpace]
user
Empirical Investigation
linguistic negotiation alignment, shaping,
grounding
conceptualization of spatial agents register, conceptualization, shaping
spatial configurations group-based, routes and landmarks,
consistency and frames
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I1-[OntoSpace]speech recognition agents
speech recognition output interface
where is the beer?
analysis component
(CG based: stringsemantic representation)
dialog
manager
generation component
speech synthesis agents
string with speech synthesis markup
in the fridge!
Architectural overview (I1/I3)
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I1-[OntoSpace]speech recognition agents
speech recognition output interface
where is the beer?
analysis component
(CG based: stringsemantic representation)
dialog
manager
generation component
speech synthesis agents
string with speech synthesis markup
in the fridge!
Architectural overview (I1/I3)
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I1-[OntoSpace]analysis
componentdialog
manager
generation component
Architectural overview (I1/I3)
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I1-[OntoSpace]analysis
componentdialog
manager
generation component
Architectural overview (I1/I3)
conceptual
linguistic frame of referencelinguistictasks
non-linguistictasks
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Inter-ontology mediation: Close relationship but not identity
conceptual
linguistic frame of referencelinguistictasks
non-linguistictasks
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I1-[OntoSpace]
SPATIAL REPRESENTATIONS LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATIONS
Solution method pursued
Achieving interaction between system modules using ONTOLOGIES
DOMAINS
ONTOLOGIES
inter-ontology mediation
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I1-[OntoSpace]
SPATIAL
SPACE-INTERVAL SPACE SPACE-POINT
ZERO-D-LOCATION
THREE-D-LOCATION
ONE-OR-TWO-D-LOCATION
Mann, Matthiessen, Bateman, Moore, Kasper, Arens (1985)
Upper Model Ontology(small extract)
in
on
at
Chat-80 ontology (small extract)
Warren and Pereira
GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURE
AREA POINT LINE
BRIDGE
TOWN
inter-ontology mediation
?
on the bridge * on the town along the bridge * along the town across the bridge * across the town at the bridge at the town* in the bridge in the town
Task-dependent mediation required
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I1-[OntoSpace]
I1: Targetted results
development of a comprehensive spatial ontology development of linguistic ontology for handling linguistic
tasks representation of all ontologies in OWL and CASL
specifications specification of principles and methods for inter-ontology
mappings specification of discourse-history and robot-
conceptualisation conditionalistions of the mappings
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Interest areas
spatial ontology linguistic ontology ontology formalisation
dialogic linguistic HRI contextual conditioning of linguistic
interaction and linguistic form
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I1-[OntoSpace]
Distribution of labour with respect to dialog functionality
• Human Language Technology
• Computational Dialogue Components
• Empirical investigation of dialogue properties
• Development of spatial and linguistic ontologies
I3-[SharC]
I1-[OntoSpace]
• Ontology specification and processing
I4-[SPIN]