Infrastructure as a ServiceThe Past, Present and The Future

Frank Zhang (Xin Zhang)Founder of ZStackEmail: xing5820@gmail.com WeChat: zhangxin315866ZStack QQ group: 410185063

Cloud is not everything

IaaS

PaaS

SaaS

• Infrastructure as a Service• Compute, Storage, Networking• AWS, Google Cloud Platform, Azure, OpenStack,

ZStack

• Platform as a Service• MySQL, Mangodb, RabbitMQ, Java, Node.js• CloudFoundry, OpenShift

• Software as a Service• Email, IM, Facebook, Twitter• Almost every application can be SaaS

SERVICE is the key

Traditional IT ( the past ~ 1998)

Pre-virtualization Era

Enterprise Virtualization( 1998 ~ 2006)

Virtualization Era

Infrastructure as a Service( 2006 ~ present)

IaaS Era

VMWare is still considered as a virtualization provider rather than an IaaS provider

• Refuse to embrace Amazon’s IaaS model

• Fragmented production line

• Legacy burden

IaaS is evolved from traditional technologies, not an accidental invention

Public Cloud

Private Cloud

Public clouds have gotten huge success, private clouds are still struggling for the market

• Public clouds creates a new ecosystem and a new business model

• Private clouds are trying to replace a well-established ecosystem

• Public clouds can’t dominate the world

Formed in 2009. Acquired by HP in 2014 with ~100 million.Sad story

Formed in 2008. Sponsored by OpenNebula System. Silently alive

Formed in 2008. Acquired by Citrix in 2010 with ~ 200 million. Citrix embraces OpenStack again in 2015. Sad story

Formed in 2010. Endorsed by ~ 200 companies. The most successful IaaS project

OpenStack is the winner and lone player in the open source IaaS Field

• The community contains almost all big IT company names you can think

• More than ~3400 code developers• More than ~4600 mailing-list

participants• More than ~19,000 IRC participants• More than ~51,000 twitter followers• More than ~17,000 registered

community members in OpenStack foundation

• More than ~4500 attendees in Atlanta summit

• About ~2 million lines of code

OpenStack is viewed as the most successful open source project

• Rackspace, the founder of OpenStack, quitted public IaaS area in 2014

• HP, contributing the most codes to OpenStack, quitted public IaaS area in 2015

• Nebula, the famous OpenStack startup, shutdown in 2015 after exhausting ~ 40 million funding

• CloudScaling, Piston, BlueBox, and MetaCloud get acquired• Gartner said:

Don’t be blinded by OpenStack marketing hype (2012) Why vendors can’t sell OpenStack to enterprises (2013) Reflections on the OpenStack Atlanta summit (2014) Is OpenStack a Success? (2015) OpenStack is a science project (2015)

No OpenStack based products really get success

Community success is not a business success

Simple Stable

Flexible Scalable

All customers want is a real product

But that is not easy …

Product

Service Providers Enterprises

• Infrastructure is similar to public cloud

• Run by experienced DevOps team

• Applications are cloud-friendly and cloud-aware

• Willing to adopt premature open-source projects

• Strong ability to customize the product for own business

• Infrastructure is similar to enterprise virtualization

• Run by regular IT operators• Application are legacy and

highly replying on the underlying infrastructure

• Want mature commercial products

• Need cloud-provider to provide an entire solution

Key to a success product: understanding customers’ requirements

• Simply copy the AWS model• Don’t embrace the traditional IT

ecosystem• Don’t know how to make a complex,

distributed integration system• Architecture reset is not easy• Distracted by hardware manufactories• Committed too many unreasonable

features• Product is developer-driven, not

customer-driven• The market is not ready

Pioneers failed not because they lack talents, but because they lack experiences

People usually think technique doesn’t matter, but it does matter

• Founded by Frank Zhang(Xin Zhang) and YongKang You in 2015

• The first release was on April 6th, 2015

ZStack aims to solve problems by a well-designed product

• One-installation in 5 minutes• Seamless upgrade in 3 minutes• Full-API delivery• SQL-like query in APIs with

more than 4 million query conditions

• Self-managed, not external HA or monitoring methods needed

Simplicity: the first step to get you customers

• Stability is guaranteed by the architecture• Adding or removing features won’t impact

existing code• Rollbackable workflows guarantee the

system consistency• Test-driven development

~ 700 integration test cases ~ 200 system test cases ~ 8 model-based test cases

Stability: the only way to keep your customers

• Full-pluggable architecture• Configurable workflows• Language independent out-of-process

plugin• Key-value database exposed by APIs

Flexibility: key to win the future

• Asynchronous architecture• Stateless-services architecture• Lock-free architecture• Able to server tens of thousands of

concurrent APIs• Manage millions of VMs by a single

management node• Tested with 30K concurrent APIs creating

one million VMs with simulator• Tested with 1K concurrent APIs creating 1K

VMs on 3 physical machines, completed in ~4 minutes

Scalability: what all clouds will ask for

Checkout 16 blogs for the architecture details on http://zstack.org/blog

The question you still need to answer: where is the market? How large is it?

Enterprise IT3.4 trillion

Cloud Computing127 billion

IaaS 34 billion

• Cloud computing is still a small portion of the global enterprise market

• Gartner: IaaS as the fastest-growing segment of the market: 47.3% (2013), 32.8% (2014), 29.1% (expected, 2015 ~ 2019)

• ReportsnReports.com: 42.91% (expected, 2015 ~ 2019)

• Private clouds will be the new engine of IaaS growth

We all know the opportunity is huge, but you need to find an entry point

• Container is not a new technique, but a new usage model

• Container is considered as PaaS rather than IaaS• Container blurs the boundary between IaaS and PaaS• Users of container are different people from users of

IaaS• The emergency of container is not for the traditional

enterprise IT but for web giants and service providers• It’s hard to anticipate how it will impact the traditional

enterprise IT

Containers are not replacing IaaS

Traditional way of application deployment is installing applications into operating systems

The future is all about enterprise-application store and datacenter operating system

Missing this opportunity will miss the next 20 years of enterprise IT

Thank you!

Questions?