iaea assistance to emerging nuclear countries
TRANSCRIPT
IAEA assistance to
emerging nuclear countries
Milko Kovachev Nuclear Infrastructure Development Section
World Nuclear Spotlight Poland
20-21 November 2018
Energy access
~1 B people no access to electricity
2.7 B people rely on biomass
1 B people no health care
due to energy poverty
International Ministerial Conference on
Nuclear Power in the 21st Century
3
• Abu Dhabi, UAE,
30 October – 1 November 2017
• Ministers, high-ranking officials
and experts from 68 States and
6 international organizations
• ~700 participants
https://www.iaea.org/events/nuclear-power-conference-2017/programme
Status & Prospects?
4
Concluding Statement of the Conference
(first one in an embarking country)
5 https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/cn-247-president-statement.pdf
Trend 1:
Nuclear Power as a Clean Energy Option
“For many countries, nuclear power is a
proven, clean, safe, and economical
technology. And for many countries, it
can play an increasingly important role
in achieving energy security, reducing
the impact of volatile fossil fuel prices,
and mitigating the effects of both
climate change and air pollution.”
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Nuclear power 2018 – PRIS snapshot
Trend 2:
Public Opinion a Key Variable
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“The pace of construction of new
nuclear power plants will need to be
stepped up if the world’s future energy
needs, as well as climate change goals,
are to be met. It is difficult to see other
low-carbon energy sources growing
sufficiently to take up the slack if
nuclear power use fails to grow.”
The Industry outlook
Trend 3:
Geographical and Technological Shift
• Centre of expansion in nuclear
power has shifted from Europe and
North America to Asia
• Developing countries are
embarking on nuclear power
• Advanced water cooled reactors
with innovative safety features are
being deployed
• Several small modular reactors
preparing for near-term deployment
10
Renewed interest in nuclear
power starting early 2000s
About 30 countries consider
nuclear power for first time
Today:
4 newcomers have already
started construction
2 newcomers are close to
commissioning
4 new operating countries are
emerging
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Expanding nuclear power geography
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
CHINA
INDIA
RUSSIA
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
BANGLADESH
BELARUS
JAPAN
PAKISTAN
SLOVAKIA
UKRAINE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
ARGENTINA
BRAZIL
FINLAND
FRANCE
TURKEY
# of Reactors Under Construction, 2018
Trend 4:
Need for Policy Integration
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• Investors need clarity and certainty from policy makers
• Governments can provide clear and consistent policy
support for existing and new nuclear power capacity (e.g. by incorporating nuclear power into clean energy incentive schemes and
encouraging its development in addition to other clean forms of energy.)
(OECD/IEA)
2006
2007
10 Years IAEA Milestones Approach for
Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development
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The Story
2007 2015
Milestones Approach
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• Milestones Approach: A phased and comprehensive nuclear power programme management guide creating an enabling environment for successful project
• Time is of key importance
– Phase 1 “Consider”: Understanding and commitment
– Phase 2: “Prepare” Building institutions, legal and regulatory framework
– Phase 3: “Construct” Project contracting, licensing, construction and preparation for commissioning
• Without having a proper institutional, legal and regulatory framework and competent human resources, it is impossible to have sustainable nuclear power programme and successful project
Milestones approach and INIR Service
2007-2018 2007, 2015 (Rev.1) 2008, 2016 (Rev.1) 2009, 2011 (Rev.1), 2017 (Rev.2)
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Observation from INSAG-27:
“…the only mechanisms at present that can look across the totality of the
system are the IAEA Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review service and...”
INIR Missions 2009-2018 1. Jordan (Phase 1) 2009
2. Indonesia (Phase 1) 2009
3. Viet Nam (Phase 1) 2009
4. Thailand (Phase 1) 2010
5. UAE (Phase 2) 2011
6. Bangladesh (Phase 1&2) 2011
7. Jordan follow-up 2012
8. Belarus (Phase 1&2) 2012
9. Viet Nam (Phase 2) 2012
10. Poland (Phase 1) 2013
11. South Africa (Phase 2) 2013
12. Turkey (Phase 2) 2013
13. Jordan (Phase 2) 2014
14. Viet Nam follow-up 2014
15. Nigeria (Phase 2) 2015
16. Kenya (Phase 1) 2015
17. Morocco (Phase 1) 2015
18. Bangladesh follow-up 2016
19. Poland follow-up 2016
20. Kazakhstan (Phase 1) 2016
21. Malaysia (Phase 1) 2016
22. Ghana (Phase 1) 2017
23. Niger (Phase 1) 2018
24. UAE (Phase 3) 2018
25. Saudi Arabia (Phase 2) 2018
26. Sudan (Phase 1) 2018
27. Philippines (Phase 1) 2018 (planned) 16
Poland
Indonesia
Thailand
Viet Nam UAE
Jordan
South Africa
Belarus
Turkey Morocco
Nigeria
Kenya
Ghana
Kazakhstan
Malaysia
Sudan
Saudi
Arabia
Niger
Bangladesh
Thank you!
@IAEANE
www.iaea.org/nuclearenergy
INIR Missions to Poland
INIR Phase 1 Mission
conducted in 2013
Follow-up mission
conducted in 2016
All recommendations and
suggestions of main INIR mission completed
INIR Phase 2 Mission requested in 2017
Timing of INIR Phase 2 Mission is subject of
preparation of Self Evaluation Report
Newcomers Programme Status
PROGRAMME STATUS 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
First nuclear power plant started construction/under construction
2 2 2 2 3 4
First nuclear power plant ordered
1 1 2 3 2 1
Decided to introduce nuclear power and started preparing the appropriate infrastructure
6 7 6 4 5 4
Active preparation for a possible nuclear power programme with no final decision
5 5 6 7 6 7
Considering nuclear power programme
19 18 11 12 12 13
Expressed interest in nuclear power in official statements
13 12 17 21 21 21
Assistance from the IAEA
• IAEA assistance is small but strategic
• Wide range of IAEA products and services to support the introduction or expansion of nuclear power:
– Publications; e-Learning modules; networks
– Technical workshops; technical meetings
– Training courses; fellowships; scientific visits
– Expert missions
– Advisory and peer review services (INIR, SEED, IRRS, EPREV, ISSAS, IPPAS, Pre-OSART)
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