iaea international atomic energy agency. iaea photo: v. friedrich outline learning objectives...
TRANSCRIPT
IAEAInternational Atomic Energy Agency
USNRC IRRS TRAININGLecture 2
IAEA Safety Standards as the Basis for the IRRS Process (Part 1)
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Photo: V. Friedrich
Outline
• Learning Objectives
• Development and Structure of the IAEA Safety Standards
• Safety Fundamentals
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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Learning objectives
After finishing this lecture the trainee will:
• be aware of the structure of the IAEA safety Standards
• have an insight into the principled set by the Safety Fundamentals
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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DEVELOPMENT & STRUCTURE- History- Hierarchy and Structure
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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History – IAEA statute
Under Article III.A.6 of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized:
“To establish or adopt, in consultation and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies concerned, standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property.”
In 1958, the IAEA published its first Safety Standard, Safety Series No. 1,
Safe Handling of Radioisotopes.
Over the years, some 200 publications were issued in the Safety Series.
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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History – Safety Series (1)
1958 1961 1962
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
All kinds of documents related to safety, no structure
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History – Safety Series (2)
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
All kinds of documents related to safety: fundamentals (silver),standards (red), guides (green), reports (brown/purple), practices (blue)
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History – Safety Series (3)
2006
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
Three safety fundamentals merged into SF-1
Safety= protection of people and the
environment against radiation risks, and the safety of facilities and activities that give rise to radiation risks
= safety of nuclear installations + radiation safety + safety of radioactive waste management + safety in the transport of radioactive material(reflected in the numbering system)
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Endorsementby Commission on Safety Standards
MemberStates
Establishment by the IAEA’s
Director General or BoG Publication
Outline and work planprepared by the Secretariat
Review by the committees and Commission on Safety Standards
Drafting or revising of safety standard
by the Secretariat and consultants
Reviewby the safety
standards committee(s)
Development
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Development step-by-step
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Hierarchy
Safety Fundamentals
Safety Requirements
Safety Guides
Safety reports, TECDOCs …
Principles for protecting people and environment Requirements
to be applied to meet the principles (shall)
Recommended ways of meeting the requirements (should)
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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Under developmentUSNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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Fundamental Safety Principles (1)
Fundamental safety objective:
To protect people and the environment from harmful effects of
radiation
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
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Fundamental Safety Principles (2)
Principle 1: Responsibility for safetyThe prime responsibility for safety must rest with the person or organization responsible for facilities and activities that give rise to radiation risks.
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
Principle 2: Role of government
An effective legal and governmental frame-work for safety, including an independent regulatory body, must be established and sustained.
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Fundamental Safety Principles (3)
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
Principle 3: Leadership and management for safety
Effective leadership and management for safety must be established and sustained in organizations concerned with, and facilities and activities that give rise to, radiation risks.
Principle 4: Justification of facilities and activities
Facilities and activities that give rise to radiation risks must yield an overall benefit.
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Fundamental Safety Principles (4)
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
Principle 5: Optimization of protection
Protection must be optimized to provide the highest level of safety that can reasonably be achieved
Principle 6: Limitation of risks to individuals
Measures for controlling radiation risks must ensure that no individual bears an unacceptable risk of harm
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Fundamental Safety Principles (5)
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
Principle 7: Protection of present and future generations
People and the environment, present and future, must be protected against radiation risks
Principle 8: Prevention of accidents
All practical efforts must be made to prevent and mitigate nuclear or radiation accidents
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Fundamental Safety Principles (6)
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
Principle 9: Emergency preparedness and response
Arrangements must be made for emergency preparedness and response for nuclear or radiation incidents
Principle 10: Protective actions to reduce existing or unregulated radiation risks
Protective actions to reduce existing or unregulated radiation risks must be justified and optimized
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Photo: V. Friedrich
USNRC IRRS Training - IAEA Safety Standards (I)
This activity is conducted by the IAEA, with funding by the European Union. The views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission