ibm software group © 2005 ibm corporation university of toronto soa overview ibm websphere software...

IBM Software Group

© 2005 IBM Corporation

University of Toronto SOA Overview

IBM WebSphere Software Platform for Integration

Glen McDougall,

IBM Canada Ltd.

Version=__01.UofT_SOAOverview_GlenMcDougall_2006Jan03_0900AM.ppt

IBM Software Group




SOA Evolution & Trends

Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

IBM Software Group | WebSphere software

_ © 2005 IBM Corporation3

As Patterns Have Evolved, So Has IBM

Flexibility

Point-to-Point connection between applications

Simple, basic connectivity

Messaging Backbone

EAI connects applications via a centralized hub

Easier to manage larger number of connections

Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)

Integration and choreography of services through an Enterprise Service Bus

Flexible connections with well defined, standards-based interfaces

Service Orientated Integration

SOA builds flexibility on your current investments. . . The next stage of integration



What are the barriers to business flexibility and reuse?

Lack of business process standards

Architectural policy limited

Point application buys to support redundant LOB needs

Infrastructure built with no roadmap

IBM Software Group




SOA Business Drivers




What is the top focus of businesses?

75% of CEOs place a high or very high priority on the ability to respond rapidly

Only 1 in 10 CEOs believe that their organization has the ability to be very responsive to react to changing market conditions

Source: IBM Global CEO Survey, Feb 2004

“'We are being told that flexibility in business will be more important than operational efficiency. Overall, 62 per cent of respondents believe that we might be arriving at another age where we see the demise of some forms of business because they could not adapt fast enough.”

–Bryan Glick, Computing 21 Sep 2004



Revenue growth with cost containment

Key competency: responsiveness

Critical success factor:enable effectiveness of people and processes

Source: CEO Study of 456 WW CEOs, IBM Corp. 2004

What’s on the minds of 450 of the world’s leading CEOs?

Source: Operating Environment Market Drivers Study, IBM Corp. 2004

Aligning IT and business goals to grow revenue and contain costs

Building responsiveness and agility into the organization through IT

How can IT help enable people and teams to be more effective

CEO needs CIO challenges



Consistent imperatives ….

… Increase customer satisfaction Dassault Aviation reduced concept-to-runway

development time by 30%

British Petroleum decreased user-provisioning time from 5 days to 10 minutes

… Grow faster

Bekins increased revenue by $75M through integration with business partners to serve a new market

PineBank increased customer traffic by 300% and revenues by $8M

… Spend less

Kookmin Bank should save $250 million from reduction of duplicate processes

Volkswagen realized a 20% productivity gain

Flexibility

Efficiency

Responsiveness



Why SOA now?

To keep pace with global competition: “We are taking apart each task and sending it

… to whomever can do it best, … and then we are reassembling all the pieces” from Thomas Friedman’s ‘The World is Flat’

The standards and technology are finally in place, with broad industry support

Availability of best practices for effective governance

The necessary software to get started is available today



What differentiates SOA from claims like this in the past?

Broadly adopted Web services ensure well-defined interfaces.

Before, proprietary standards limited interoperability

Standards

Business and IT are united behind SOA (63% of projects today are driven by LOB)*

Before, communication channels & ‘vocabulary’ not in place

Organizational Commitment

SOA services focus on business-level activities & interactions

Before, focus was on narrow, technical sub-tasks

Degree of Focus

SOA services are linked dynamically and flexibly

Before, service interactions were hard-coded and dependent on the application

Connections

SOA services can be extensively re-used to leverage existing IT assets

Before, any reuse was within silo’ed applications

Level of Reuse

*Source: Cutter Benchmark Survey



SOA for business flexibility and reuse

More Flexibility

More Speed

More Efficiency

Better Services

Better Information

Increased Revenue

Reduced Cost

Lower Risk

IBM Software Group




SOA Concepts




An On Demand Business is an enterprise whose business processes —

integrated end-to-end across the company and with key partners,

suppliers and customers — can respond with speed to any customer

demand, market opportunity or external threat.

Business Design

Technology Infrastructure

Business and IT processes

Becoming an On Demand Business

Optimizeapplication infrastructure

Integratepeople, processes, and information

Extend your reach

Alignbusiness models and strategic objectives



Four Characteristics of On Demand

Integration Providing the linkage between people, processes, and data

Open Supporting a strong commitment to standards for OS, Language and Web Services/SOA

Virtualized Providing a flexible Build-time and Runtime environment for developing and running applications across a highly distributed IT architecture

Autonomic Self regulating … self healing … self maintaining



SOA: Service Oriented Architecture

• An approach for building distributed systems that allows tight correlation between the business model and the IT implementation.

• Characteristics: Represents business function as a service

Shifts focus to application assembly rather than implementation details

Allows individual software assets to become building blocks that can be reused in developing composite applications representing business processes

Leverages open standards to represent software assets



What is a service?

A repeatable business task – e.g., check customer credit;

open new account

SOA Definitions

What is service orientation?

A way of integrating your business as linked services

and the outcomes that they bring

What is service oriented architecture (SOA)?

The IT architectural style that supports

service orientation

What does SOA mean to business?

Business flexibility

Improved customer service

Lower costs and greater revenue



SOA Concepts

What is a service? A coarse grained, self-contained entity that performs a distinct business function

What is a service description? A standards based interface definition that is independent of the underlying implementation

What is service discovery? Use of a service registry to access service interface descriptions at buildtime or runtime

How do services interact? Through loosely-coupled, intermediated connections

What is service choreography? Control of the execution sequence of services in ways that implement business processes

How are SOA solutions created and enhanced? Using tools and middleware according to SOA principles



Flexible & Adaptable business models & supporting IT architectures …are required today for business survival

ComposableServices

(SOA)

ComposableProcesses

(CBM) ComponentBusiness Modeling

Flexible Business Models

Transformation, Business Process Outsourcing,Mergers, Acquisitions & Divestitures

Requires

Flexible IT Architecture

Software Development

Integration InfrastructureManagement

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Development Infrastructure Management

Enables

On Demand Operating Environment



Three Key Concepts for the Foundation for On Demand

Build –Model Driven ArchitectureA style of enterprise application development and integration based on using automated tools to build system independent models and transform them into efficient implementations1

Run –Service Oriented ArchitectureAn approach for designing and implementing distributed systems that allows a tight correlation between the business model and the IT implementation

Manage –Business Performance ManagementAn approach to systems management that tightly links IT concerns with business process concerns

1 Source: Booch, et al, “An MDA Manifesto”, published in the MDA Journal, May 2004



“Wrapped” Services & Implementations

ESB

Process Container

SOA & Business Process Choreography Services Animation

GUI

StateProcess

‘Coarse-Grained’ – Long Running, Interruptible, Compensation Transaction network

ExternalB2B

Async JMS

WebService

Legacy,Package

UOW2

UOW2

‘Fine-Grained’ – Short-Running, non-Interruptible, ‘ACID’ XA Transaction

UOW1

SyncJCA

UOW1



A single solution, with multi-platform APIs (JMS and MQI) Easy to use message centric interface Network independent Faster application development

Assured message delivery• Exactly Once, Transactional

Loosely-coupled applications Asynchronous messaging Parallelism, Triggering

Scalable & Robust•Publish\Subscribe or Point to Point•Clustering, Large Messages

Pervasive

BB

AA

Messaging Fundamentals



Message Broker -Transforms messages ‘in flight’Delivers messages to the right place and in the right format.• Examine the content of a message• Transform the content

• Augment the message• Warehouses the message• …and assure Transactional delivery!.

Message Broker

InputNode

Appl.A

Q1

Original Message Appl.

B

Q2Reformatted/ Reshaped Message

Content accessed from database

Database Content

+OutputNodes

Augment message

Appl.C

Q3

AugmentedMessage

TransformationNode

Transform messageTransform

Database Node

Augment

WarehouseNode

WarehousedMessage

Warehouse



Business Modeling and Monitoring Solution

Optimize

Process Requirements

Existing Components

Business ProcessBusiness ProcessManagement InfrastructureManagement Infrastructure

Manage Execution

Participate

Monitor Analysis

Services

InteractionGlue

Process Modelingand Analysis

Deploy



MDA: Model Driven ArchitectureKey Concept: An integration of best practices in Modeling, Middleware,

Metadata and Software Architecture Based on standard Models, Metadata Models, and Model

Transformations

Model Driven: (UML, MOF, CWM…) Platform Independent Business Models (PIM) Platform Specific Models (PSM) Mappings : PIM <==> PSM, PSM<==> PSM (Relative

term!)

Metadata Driven: (MOF, XSD, XMI)

Key Benefits: Improved Productivity for Architects, Designers,

Developers and Administrators Lower cost of Application Development and Management Enhanced Portability and Interoperability Business Models and Technologies evolve at own pace

on platform(s) of choice

www.omg.org/mda



What are the core elements that SOA brings together?

Coming together under Service Oriented Architecture

Skills - assistance, and best practices

Flexible, robust infrastructure that reuses existing IT assets

Applications

Industry know-how and best practices linked to business



The SOA Lifecycle .. For Flexible Business & IT

Gather requirements

Model & SimulateDesign

DiscoverConstruct & TestCompose

Integrate peopleIntegrate processesManage and integrate information

Manage applications & services

Manage identity & compliance

Monitor business metrics

Financial transparencyBusiness/IT alignmentProcess control



Custom Apps.

IBM SOA Foundation

Software

Skills &Support

Leveraging existing IT Infrastructure

Introducing the IBM SOA Foundation

Provides What You Need to Get Started with SOA

Supports complete lifecycle with a

modular approach

Extends value of your existing investments,

regardless of vendor

Scalable; start small and grow as fast as

the business requires

Extensive business and IT standards

support; facilitating greater

interoperability & portability

IBM SOA Foundation: Integrated, open set of software, best practice, and patterns

CICS IMS

IBM Software Group




SOA Reference Architecture




SOA Middleware Enables On Demand Flexibility Through a Set of Integration and Infrastructure Capabilities

Integrate people, processes and information

Extend your reach

Optimize application infrastructure

Process Integration

Information Integration

PeopleIntegration

Application Integration

Application Infrastructure

Accelerators



People Integration

Interact with information, applications and business processes at any time from anywhere

Cut cost of customer service

Systems and applications users need are not all integrated nor easy to use

Mobile workers do not have access to information and applications they require in the field

Customer service centers costs are high because time is spent on routine tasks, rather than value add inquiries

Customer Benefits Customer Challenges

Easy interaction with multiple processes and applications from a single access point

Secure mobile access to business applications and information

Automation of routine call center functions while improving customer experience and convenience

Mobile Access Voice\Conversational Access

Enterprise Portal



Process Integration

Optimize and integrate business processes to keep them in line with strategic goals

Process Modeling and Simulation

Process Automation BAM & Process Management

Inability to streamline business processes, meet regulations, at low cost.

Need to integrate people and applications in the business process

Unable to monitor, control & continuously improve business operations


Model, simulate and optimize business processes

Choreograph process activities across the organization

Monitor and manage process performance




Access and manage information that is scattered throughout the enterprise and across the value chain

Global Data Synchronization Heterogeneous Information Integration

Both structured and unstructured information are spread across one or more enterprises in a variety of databases, packaged applications, master files, mainframes, etc.

Information gathering and review processes to coordinate multiple channels leveraging multiple customer touch points are lengthy

Business processes to access and manage product information span departments and/or enterprises


Manage and synchronize product reference information across the enterprise

Centralize structured and unstructured information from disparate sources for easy access and use by users such as merchandisers

Create a consistent, unified view of diverse data and content

Multi-channel Commerce




Assure reliable and flexible information flow between diverse applications and organizations

Applications are not integrated in a flexible and reliable method across the enterprise, reducing business responsiveness

Differences between many internal and partner applications must be managed

Maintaining point to point or custom written integration interfaces is cost and time prohibitive


Reliably and seamlessly exchange data between multiple applications

Manage differences between multiple applications and business partners

Adopt an enterprise wide, flexible, service oriented approach to integration

Application Connectivity Application and Partner Mediation Enterprise Integration Backbone

Suppliers Customers




Modernizing the User Interface Building a Robust, Scalable, Secure, Application Infrastructure

Build, deploy, integrate and enhance new and existing applications

Extending Legacy Applications into Web Infrastructure

High turnover and training costs due to antiquated applications

Unable to extend the business logic in legacy applications into new applications being developed

Unable to meet customer and competitive demands on infrastructure performance, scalability, and manageability


Quickly web-enable green-screen applications Adapt legacy applications for use in new java

environments Deliver operational efficiency and enterprise

Quality of Services (QoS) for a mixed-workload infrastructure



Cut cost of customer service

Lack of experience / expertise leading to greater project risk, time and cost

Inefficient, disparate processes without re-usable components

Rising development costs with each new business functionality request


Accelerators

Pre-built capabilities and solution expertise to speed WebSphere implementations

Pre-built capabilities reduce deployment time, effort and costs

Proven technology, architecture and best practices to decrease project risk

Buy vs. Build: out of the box capabilities save 7-10 times over customer built

Pre-Built Sell-Side Processes

Pre-Built Supply Chain Integration

Pre-BuiltIndustry Specific Middleware

IndustryMiddleware



Robust Integration & Infrastructure Capabilities Connected in an Open, Flexible Manner

Process Integration


PeopleIntegration



Accelerators

Modular product portfolio built on open standards

Simple to develop, deploy and manage

Integrated role-based tools for development

& administration

Functionally rich, adopted incrementally

Business Performance Management

Business Driven Development

Infrastructure Management

…utilizing common install, administration,

security and programming model



SOA Reference Architecture

Ap

ps

&

Info

As

se

ts

Business Innovation & Optimization Services

Dev

elo

pm

ent

Ser

vice

s

Interaction Services Process Services Information Services

Partner Services Business App Services Access Services

Integrated environment for design & creation of

solution assets

Manage & secure

services, applications & resources

Facilitates better decision-making with real-time business information

Enables collaboration between People,

Processes & Information

Orchestrate and automate business

processes

Manages diverse data and content in a unified

manner

Connect with trading partners

Build on a robust, scaleable, and secure services environment

Facilitates interactions with existing information &

application assets

ESBFacilitates communication between services

IT S

ervi

ceM

anag

emen

t

Infrastructure Services

Optimizes throughput, availability and performance

ModelAssemble Deploy Manage



SOA Reference ArchitectureComprehensive services in support of your SOA

Build

Deployment

Asset Mgmt.

Ad hoc compositionUser Integration

Device Integration

Service ChoreographyBusiness Rules

Staff

Partner ManagementProtocol

Document Handling

ComponentDataEdge

Object DiscoveryEvent Capture

Security

Policy

IT Monitoring

Business Modeling

Workload Management

Business Dashboards

High AvailabilityVirtualization

Business Monitoring

Service Enablement


Dev

elo

pm

ent

Ser

vice

s

Interaction Services Process Services Information Services

Partner Services Business App Services Access Services

ESB

IT S

ervi

ceM

anag

emen

t

Infrastructure Services

Interoperability Mediation Registry

Master Data Management

Information IntegrationData Management



How Application Server, ESB, and Process Engine fit together

“ApplicationServer”

“Clustered Application Server”

“Enterprise Message Bus (ESB)& Message Broker”

“Process Engine”

App Server

Clustering

Mediation

Choreography

IBM Software Group




Moving to SOA




Connections

Interactions

CompositeApplications

On Demand Transformation

On Demand Transformation

Effectiveness

Efficiency

Tasks

Automate

Integrate

Connect

Optimize

Business Domain IT Domain

Getting To SOA



Moving to Services-Oriented Solutions

Service Layer How do you connect

sales to customers?

.NETLinux

J2EE Unix

OS/390

MQ

DB2

Technology Layer Hardware, Network How do you connect J2EE

to .NET?

Finance

PeopleSoft

SAP

SiebelDir

Outlook

Application Layer Applications, Components,

Software How do you connect SAP to

Siebel?

Business Process Layer Cross Functional End-to-

end Sales Order Process

CustomerEmployee

SalesProduct

Source: CBDi Forum, http://www.cbdiforum.com



SOA in Practice

Business Process

Function Service

OrderRequest

Not In Stock

Allocate Stock

Check Inventory

ATP/Delivery

Validate Request

ValidateProduct Request Process Action

Process Action

Customer Records

Business Transaction

Stock OutAction (Staff Activity)

In Stock

Valid

Invalid

ProductInformation

InventoryMgmt

Order System

Authorization Service Order Service

Billing Service Product Service

Billing System

- may be long running- multiple valid process states- alternative workflows for non-normal conds and/or compensation for exception management

- short term, non-interactive- one change of business state or STP- consumes one or more function service- targeted level of service reuse- loose coupling very important- may require compensating transactions

- collaborations to implement a single FS- collaborating apps encapsulated via FS(s)



SOA Solution Abstraction Layering. . . Leveraging the SOA Reference Architecture

Atomic Service Composite Service Registry

ConsumersChannel B2BS

erv

ice

Co

ns

um

er

B2C

Business ProcessComposition; choreography; business state machines

ServicesAtomic and Composite

Service Components

Operational Systems

Se

rvic

e P

rov

ide

r

PackagedApplication

CustomApplication

OOApplication

Inte

gra

tion

(En

terp

rise

Se

rvic

e B

us

)

Qo

S L

ay

er (S

ec

urity

, Ma

na

ge

me

nt &

Mo

nito

ring

Infra

stru

ctu

re S

erv

ice

s)

Da

ta A

rch

itec

ture

(me

ta-d

ata

) & B

us

ine

ss

Inte

llige

nc

e

Go

ve

rna

nc

e



RESULT Greater Business Responsiveness

Allows for dynamic selection, substitution, and matching

Enables you to find both the applications and the interfaces for re-use

Decouples the point-to-point connections from the interfaces

Enables more flexible coupling and decoupling of the applications

Loose Coupling is enabled by an “ESB”

Turn this…

Service Service Service Service

Service ServiceService Service

Interface InterfaceInterface

Interface InterfaceInterfaceInterface

…into this.

Service Service Service Service

Service ServiceService Service

Enterprise Service Bus

Interface InterfaceInterface

Interface InterfaceInterfaceInterface

IBM Software Group




SOA Governance




SOA Foundation is more than just software

Governance and Process SOA Center of Excellence Rational Unified Process (RUP) IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL)

Best Practices SOA-Related IP

Patterns Redbooks

Engagement Experience

Education Introduction to Value and

Governance Model of SOA Web services for managers Technologies and Standards for

SOA Project Implementation Design SOA Solutions and Apply

Governance

Software

Skills &Support

IBM SOA Foundation



SOA requires effective IT Governance

Increasing Share Price Professional investors are willing to pay premiums of 18-26% for stock in firms with high governance

Increasing Profits “Top performing enterprises succeed where others fail by implementing effective IT governance to support their strategies. For example, firms with above-average IT governance following a specific strategy (for example, customer intimacy) had more than 20 percent higher profits than firms with poor governance following the same strategy.”

Increasing Market Value “On average, when moving from poorest to best on corporate governance, firms could expect an increase of 10 to 12 percent in market value.”

“Effective IT Governance is the single most important predictor of value an organization generates from IT.”

MIT Sloan School of Mgmt.

Source: MIT Sloan School of Mgmt.



What do you really mean by SOA Governance …

Governance comes from the root

word “Govern”. Governance is the

structure of relationships and

processes to direct and to control

the SOA components in order to

achieve the enterprise’s goals by

adding value while balancing risk

versus return

The governance model defines:What has to be done? How is it done?Who has the authority to do it? How is it measured?

Processes

People

Technology

Services

The focus of SOA is the Services Model



Apply the SOA Governance processes to the end-to-end management of the service lifecycle

Funding

Service Domains

Categorization of Services

Roles and responsibilitiesS

ervi

ces

Ow

ners

hip

and

Dom

ains

Service Oriented Development Lifecycle

Operational Life-cycle

Managem

ent

Service management

SLA

Capacity and Performance

Security

Monitoring

Identification and Maturity of Services

Service Assembly and Deployment

Change Management

Governance



Leading practices in SOA Governance

Funding Maintain Top Leadership Commitment Establish an appropriate funding model Plan and budget for refactoring of services

Processes Leverage existing processes Plan and adapt for reuse in an incremental fashion Model the business – Align IT Establish the SOA Vision and Roadmap and measure progress

Organization Assess Maturity and impact of change Chose an overall governance approach – Central or Distributed Understand and staff roles for proper governance



Common organizational SOA Governance Roles

Business Sponsorship The Executive Sponsor Business process Owners Service Domains Owners

Coordination The Executive Steering Committee The Architecture Review Board Business Unit Committees

Advice and Compliance SOA Operations Board SOA Center of Excellence



SOA a strategic initiative for application development and integration at an Enterprise Level

Line of business (LoB) level, or across a set of related projects

Single project implementation at IT group level.. “Testing the waters” … Gradual adoption approach

SOA Scope

End state

Enterprise Control - Virtual or

dedicated roles

LoB / IT coordination

IT Centric

Organization

IT Industry Architecture governance

maturity

Business driven

services scope

Leverage existing IT

development processes

Process

Shared costs of

Charge-back structure

IT budget allocated

and funded by LoB

Embedded in project

budget

Funding

SOA Governance can be tailored to the scope of the SOA initiatives in the organization



SOA CoE

Mobilize the

SOA CoE

Establishing SOA Center of Excellence Accelerate mobilization of SOA

Services

People

Technology

Processes

Develop SOA Vision, Goals

Organization, Technology &Asset Assessment

Develop Organization &Governance for SOA CoE

Create SOA Artifacts and Best Practices

What is our Future State?

Where are we?

Where are we going?

How do we get there?

A company of the Allianz GroupA company of the Allianz Group

IBM Software Group




SOA Benefits




Business Value of a Service-Oriented Architecture

Flexibility Develop flexible business models enabled by increased granularity of business processes (“services”)

Support an On-Demand business for globalization, outsourcing, mergers

Speed Combine and reuse pre-built service components for rapid application development and deployment in response to market change

Efficiency Integrate historically separate systems, facilitate mergers and acquisitions of enterprises

Reduce cycle times and costs for external business partners by moving from manual to automated transactions

Services & Info Offer new services & information to customers without having to worry about the underlying IT infrastructure

Revenue Create new routes to market, new value from existing systems, growth

Risk Improve visibility into business operations

Cost Eliminate duplicate systems, build once and leverage Reusable assets cut costs



SOA Middleware Solution -Expected Business & IT Benefits

Standardized\Componentized SOA Integration Architecture with One SOA Service interface to access backend applications or shared data

A “Flexible, Extendable, Technology-Agnostic, Future-Proof” IT Infrastructure Open Standards:

J2EE, XML, Web Services (SOAP, WSDL), Mainframe & Legacy Transports

Improved Agility, Responsiveness, and “On-Demand” Business Efficiencies Minimized Cycle-Times for Changes and Reduced Time to Value Higher Reuse through composite application creation Reduced Costs and Low Total Cost of Ownership Timely access to Processes, and High-Quality Data with fewer errors Improved Customer Service Enhanced Ease Of Use and Productivity Extended Application value Simpler & Stronger Security (LDAP-based) Higher System Availability, Scalability & Throughput, with Fast Response Time Robust Middleware from Proven Market Leader

IBM Software Group




SOA Summary




Infrastructure Management Services

Business Application

Services

ProcessServices

Information Services

Development Services

Interaction Services

Partner Services App & Info

Assets

Connectivity Services


Business Flexibility enabled by SOA & WebSphere

SAPAdapter

OracleAdapter DB

AccessDB

Access

FederatedQuery

App EJBs

Portal

Business Innovation & Optimization improves Composite Applications

Business dashboard

Community Manager IT impact

on processes

IBM Software Group




ENDGlen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

ibm software group © 2005 ibm corporation university of toronto soa overview ibm websphere software...

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