IBPSA Project 1: BIM/GIS and Modelica framework for building and community energy system design and operation:

Ongoing developments, lessons learned and challenges

Michael Wetter1, Christoph van Treeck2, Lieve Helsen3,4, Alessandro Maccarini5, Dirk Saelens3,4, Darren Robinson6, Gerald Schweiger7

1Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA;

2RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany;

3University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium; 4EnergyVille, Waterschei, Belgium;

5Aalborg University, Denmark;

6University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;

7Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria

Motivation

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• Smart Energy Systems - several use cases benefit from using models: • Op<mal design,• op<mal control, • diagnosis & fault detec<on

• Ergo 1: We need models throughout the building delivery stages and continuing into the operational phase

• Ergo 2: This lead to new requirements for building and urban simulation tool

3

Control engineersOptimal control

Control design

Commissioning Provider Asses and verify the performance

Urban planners and researcher Future smart energy systems

Mechanical engineers

Design and assess supervisory control sequences in simulation

Use a verified specification to communicate their design intent to the control engineers

Motivation

4

Fostering joint developments• Tools, frameworks, tool-chains, tools, frameworks, tool-chains, tools, frameworks, tool-chains, tools, frameworks, tool-chains

LBNL Berkeley KU Leuven RWTH Aachen UDK Berlin

IBPSA 1

The vision of IBPSA Project 1

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[…] is to create open-source so1ware that builds the basis of next genera:on compu:ng tools for buildings and districts

Drag and drop preconfigured, modifiable and scalable components

Buildings

Districts

HVAC

Controls

Why Modelica and theFunctional Mock-up Interface

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• There is an urgent need for automated model creation for optimization [10-12]

Modelica

• Previous studies have reported that the time spending for

model development is significantly high (up to 80%) [1-5]

• 70% of project costs are consumed by model creation and calibration [6-8]

Declarative language• Allow acausal modelling

! = #(%, ', '̇, ))

Multi-domain modelling

Object-oriented

Visual component modelling

Fully implicit (DAE) modelling

8

! = #(%, ', '̇

, ))

Modelica Optimica

Prod Xn

minimize&(() *(+

(,- ., 0 . , 1(.) 2.

3. .. 5 ., 0̇ . , 0 . , 7 . , 1 . = 0

:;(0 . , 1 . ≤ 0:=(0 . , 1 . = 0

Scalability?

11

Co-Simulation

12

co-simulation Novel IdeasICT

Novel Ideas

ICT

Monolithic simulation: the entire system is modelled and simulated in a single tool

Co-Simulation: established tools for the respective subsystems are coupled

94%

6%

Hybrid

FMI

HLA

68%

16%

11%5%

Discrete EventSystemC

DEVS

HLA

FMI

In your opinion, is there a widely accepted standard for […]

What standard do you use for […]?

90%

10%

Continuous Time

FMI

S-Functions

39%

31%

17%

13%

Discrete Event

FMI

HLA

DEVS

SystemC

93%

7%

Continuous Time

FMI

S-Functions

94%

6%

Hybrid

FMI

HLA

Continuous Time Discrete Event Hybrid

14

IBPSA Project 1…ongoing developments

15

The IBPSA Project 1 [2017 - 2022]

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WP 1:

Modelica library for design and operation [LBNL Berkeley – Michael Wetter]

Model Predictive Control [KU Leuven – Lieve Helsen]

WP 2City District Information Modeling [TU Graz – Gerald Schweiger]

BIM [RWTH Aachen – Christoph van Treeck]

WP 3 DESTEST [KU Leuven – Dirk Saelens]

ApplicaQon [Aalborg University – Alessandro Maccarini]

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WP 1: Modelica library & MPC

• Robust, validated and well documented library of Modelica models thatserve as the core of Modelica libraries

• The IBPSA library also becomes part of the redesign of EnergyPluscalled "Spawn of EnergyPlus”

• Development of an open source library for MPC

• Development of the BOPTEST framework: Test cases & Benchmark

Ongoing developments

LBNL Berkeley

KU Leuven

RWTH Aachen

UDK Berlin

IBPSA 1

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WP 2.1: Data Modeling & BIM

• Exchange requirements and country-specific data mapping approaches

• Participation in development of the CityGML schema and EnergyADE for specific simulation tools

• Transform building information models to building performance simulation

• Advanced space boundary algorithms for model topology analysis and model generation

Ongoing developments

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WP 3.1: Appliocation & DESTEST

• Validated models of urban energy systems by defining specific district energy cases

• Comparison and benchmarking of different tools and libraries

• Demonstrate capabilities enabled by the use of Modelica for building and district energy systems

Ongoing developmentsA

B

C

D

E

F

G

HI

Conclusion

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• We want to develop and demonstrate the next-generation computational tools to analyze and optimize buildings and districts.

• The developments are based on open standards for data modeling (IFC and CityGML), for modeling of physical and control systems (Modelica) and for exchange of simulators (FMI).

• Collaborative development

https://ibpsa.github.io/project1/