ibs354 pp chapter 10 module 12
TRANSCRIPT
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Understanding Understanding Intercultural Intercultural Communication Communication Second Second EditionEdition
Chapter 10
What are the Challenges in Developing an Intercultural-Intimate Relationship?
Stella Ting-Toomey & Leeva C. Chung
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
PowerPoint Slides Designed by Alex Flecky and Noorie Baig
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MENUMENU
I. Developing Intercultural-Intimate Relationships: Invisible Challenges
II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Factors
III. Intercultural-Intimate Conflict: Obstacles and Stumbling Blocks
IV. Raising Secure Bicultural Children
V. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-Ables
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Individualistic Orientation
I-identity relationship expectations
Couple’s privacy, autonomy
Voluntary, personal commitment
Low-context emotional expressions
“Fall in love,” passionate love
Collectivistic Orientation
We-identity, ingroup relationship pressures
Ingroup’s (we) connection, concerns
Structural commitment, family and social reactions
High-context emotional expressions
Value companionate (friendship, loyalty) love
I. Developing Intercultural-Intimate I. Developing Intercultural-Intimate Relationships: Invisible ChallengesRelationships: Invisible Challenges
A. Cultural-Ethnic Membership Values
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactorsA. Perceived Physical Attractiveness
Physical attractiveness critical to initial attraction; cultural differences regarding what is attractive. • For example, U.S. individuals attracted to: high
energy, enthusiasm.; Korean individuals attracted to: high integrity, concern for others.
B. Perceived Similarity• Similarity–attraction hypothesis: cognitive
consistency • Intergroup–interpersonal attraction: attitudinal
issues
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactorsC. Cross-Cultural Self-disclosure
Comparisons• Self-disclosure: intentional process of
revealing exclusive information about ourselves to others that other individuals do not know.
• Social penetration theory: interpersonal information progresses from superficial nonintimate to more deep-layered intimate self-disclosure.
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactorsC. Cross-Cultural Self-disclosure Comparisons: Discussion
Check out similarities and differences….• Where did you learn your self-disclosure
tendency?• Do you come from a high-disclosive family or
a low-disclosive family?• What topics do you consider as quite “Public”?• What topics do you consider as quite “Private”?
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactors
C. Cross-Cultural Self-disclosure Comparisons: Johari Window:
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactorsMedia Activity: Fools Rush In film clip
Discussion:• Can you relate to this clip? • How do the cultural value dimensions impact
the development of your particular intimate relationship?
• How did Alex and Isabel handle the dialectical tensions of autonomy and connectedness?
• How did they differ in terms of disclosing to their parents about Isabel’s pregnancy?
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactorsD. Online Disclosure of Affection
Do you stay in touch with your Facebook friends by “liking” their posts, photos, or statuses?
E. Third-Party Matchmakers: Online and Mobile Dating
Five phases of online dating:1. Attention2. Recognition3. Interaction4. Face-to-face meeting5. Resolution
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactorsF. Intercultural/Interracial
Romantic Relationship Development
Interracial couples’ four stages of “racial” awareness and awakening:
• Racial awareness• Coping• Identity emergence • Relationship maintenance
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II. Intercultural-Intimate II. Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Attraction: Facilitating Relationship Attraction: Facilitating FactorsFactors
Some Intercultural-Intimate Relationship Research
• Generation is predictor of interethnic relationships.
• Individuals with assimilated, bicultural, or marginal identities have greater tendency to date outgroup members.
• The “Romeo and Juliet” effect: The more the families are against
relationship, the more the couple wants to rebel against parents, thus finding each other more attractive.
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III. Intercultural-Intimate Conflict: III. Intercultural-Intimate Conflict: Obstacles and Stumbling BlocksObstacles and Stumbling Blocks
A. The Encounter: Prejudice and Racism
Intercultural-intimate conflict: Antagonistic friction or
disagreement between two romantic partners caused, in part, by cultural or ethnic group membership differences. Have you observed prejudice or racism toward interracial couples? What occurred?
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III. Intercultural-Intimate Conflict: III. Intercultural-Intimate Conflict: Obstacles and Stumbling BlocksObstacles and Stumbling Blocks
B. Countering Racism and Prejudice: Coping Strategies:
1. Ignoring or dismissing2. Normalizing3. Withdrawing4. Educating5. Confrontation6. Prayer7. Humor
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IV. Raising Secure Bicultural IV. Raising Secure Bicultural ChildrenChildrenA. Bicultural Identity Struggles:
Four identity forms of bicultural children:
1. Majority-group identifiers2. Minority-group identifiers3. Synthesizers4. Dissaffiliates
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• Work out identity plan early – communicate with your partner (e.g., religious faith, language, customs).
• Listen to your children’s identity experiences.• Provide cultural enrichment opportunities.• Be truthful about prejudice & racism issues.• Nurture & support different identity facets.• Provide safety net & maturation challenges.
Realize that children will grow up & choose their own identity paths….
IV. Raising Secure Bicultural IV. Raising Secure Bicultural Children: Children: Some suggestions: Some suggestions:
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IV. Raising Secure Bicultural IV. Raising Secure Bicultural ChildrenChildren
B. Cultivating a Secure Multifaceted Identity
To help bicultural individuals:
• Know values and beliefs of each group.• Positive attitude toward both groups.• Confidence that one can live effectively
within both groups without compromising one’s individual identity.
• Be grounded.
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In managing diverse intimate relationship issues, here are some helpful do-ables:
• Pay attention to culture-based challenges.• Be mindful that individualists and
collectivists may hold different expectations.
• Be sensitive to your partner’s family reaction issues.
• Be flexible in learning your partner’s communication styles.
V. Intercultural Reality Check: V. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-AblesDo-Ables
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Parting Thoughts…Parting Thoughts…
Living on borders and in margins, keeping intact one’s shifting and multiple
identity and integrity,
is like trying to swim in a new element, an “alien” element.
~ Gloria Anzaldua