ic engines ppt lecture no 8,9,10

7/24/2019 IC Engines Ppt Lecture No 8,9,10

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TypesAlternative Fuels

BIRLA INSTAND

Lecture N

Dr. Ravi InAssistant Professor in M

Email id: raviinder@

f Fuelsnd Performance of

TUTE OF TECHNOLOGYSCIENCE, PILANI

. 8, 9 and 10

er Singhechanical Engineering

ilani.bits-pilani.ac.in


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ONVENTIONAL

Fuels

Solid Fuels

Gaseous Fuels

Liquid Fuels

UELS


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hemical Structure of

Paraffin [Cn H2n

Olefin [Cn H2n ]

Aromatic series

etroleum

2 ]

2n[Cn H2n-6 ]


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Petroleum Refining

Crude petroleum as obtained fro

and certain impurities such as woil is separated into gasoline, ke

process of fractional distillation.

the fact that the boiling pointsincrease with increase in molecul

Thermal Cracking

Catalytic Cracking

rocess

oil wells contains gases

ter, solids etc. The crudeosene, fuel oil etc. by the

This process is based on

of various hydrocarbonsar weight.


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Important Qualities of SI E

Volatility

Starting and Warm up

Operating Range Perfor

Crankcase Dilution

Antiknock Quality

Gum Deposits

Sulphur Content

gine Fuels

ance


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CI Engine Fuels

Knock Characteristics

Volatility

Starting Characteristics

Smoking and Odor

Corrosion and Wear

Handling Ease


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Alternate fuels

Solid fuels

Liquid fuels

Alcohol

Ethanol

Alcohol for SI

Reformulated GWater Gasoline

Alcohol for CI

ngines

asoline for SI EngineMixture for SI Engines

ngines


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Alcohol

Disadvantages

It can be obtained from a numbmanufactured.

It is a high octane fuel with an

It produces less overall emissi Alcohols have low suphur con

Advantages

Alcohols have a low energy cvalue of the fuel is almost itself.

Produces more aldehydes.

Corrosive Alcohols fuelled engines

characteristic due to low vapor pr

Alcohols have poor ignition c Alcohols have almost invisi

dan erous when handlin fuel.

er of sources, both natural and

i knock index numbers.

ns compared to gasoline.ent in the fuel.

ntent or in other words the calorifi

has poor cold weather startin

ssure and evaporation.

aracteristics in general.ble flames, which is considere


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Spark Assisted Dies

Alcohols and coal de

penetrate as alternativLow cetane nu

Vegetable Oil

High kinematic viscoHigh rate of wear

pumps

l

ived fuel will also

fuels.ber Ignition

ityand failure in fuel


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Biodiesel

Biodiesel is a general nameorganic feedstock.

Biodiesel can be made frooils:

sunflower

palm oil

soy recycled cooking oils

Germany and France are th

for methyl esters from

a wide range of vegetable

largest EU producers


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BIODIESEL AND T

Use of 100% biodiese

cycle CO2 emissions b

But, this is not common

Use o 5% en re ucto 2.5%.

Biodiesel is biodegrada

E ENVIRONMENT

would reduce life-

40 to 50%.

s CO2 em ss ons y 2

le


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Bioethanol

A 5% blend ofBio eth

vehicle modifications,warranty.

u st tute orether) in petrol (octane

Flexible Fuelled Vehiclconcentrations of bio et

Ford, Volvo and Saabbio ethanol and 15%

nol does not require

or affects manufacturers

et y tert ary utynhancer)

es, FFV, can use higheranol

sell FFV (blend of 85%etrol)


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Hydrogen is another alt

Engines.

the "forever fuel" that we can neverthe "forever fuel" that we can never

Gaseous Fuels

a er energy y rogen

Hydrogen + oxygen wa

rnative fuel tried for IC

run out of run out of

oxygen

er + energy


14/19

MaMa

CompCompofof

ompromprNaturNatur

SystSyst

oror

nentsnentsaa

esseessel Gasl Gas

emem


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WhatWhat isis LPGLPG anan LPGLPG EnEn

Auto LPG or Liquefied

name for mixtures of hyand butane) which exis

conditions and can be c

applying moderate pressu Energy content similar to

Inherently clean burning c

gines?gines?

Petroleum Gas is a generic

rocarbons (mainly propanes as vapor under ambient

anged into liquid state by

es.asoline

haracteristics


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BIOBIO GASGAS ININ ANAN INTERNALINTERNAL COMCOM

Biogas is produced by means of

digestion. It is a process whereby or

microbiological activity and, as the

which takes place in the absence of ainaturally at the bottom of ponds and

gas or methane, which is a combustibl

Methane

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Hydrogen

Hydrogen sulphide

Oxygen

USTIONUSTION ENGINEENGINE

process known as anaerobic

anic matter is broken down by

name suggests, it is a process

r. It is a phenomenon that occursmarshes and gives rise to marsh

e gas.

CH4 5075

CO2 2550

N2 010

H2 01

H2S 03

O2 00


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Producer GasProducer Gas

Blast Furnace GBlast Furnace G Coke Oven GasCoke Oven Gas

s s


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PERFORMANCE OF INTERNPERFORMANCE OF INTERN

Testing could be do

Fully functional chaunknown for many fue

,fully developed charac

Long life effects are

Commercial establi

for some fuels is fully

L COMBUSTION ENGINES L COMBUSTION ENGINES

e for different fuels.

acteristics are still.

, .eristics of IC engines.

still unknown.

hment of IC engines

functional.


19/19

ThaTha k Youk You

ic engines ppt lecture no 8,9,10

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