icao car/sam atn/gnss seminar

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ICAO CAR/SAM ATN/GNSS SEMINAR Presentation GNSS 4.2 by H. Cabler

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Presentation GNSS 4.2 by H. Cabler. ICAO CAR/SAM ATN/GNSS SEMINAR. Modernization History. Need for GPS Modernization recognized by US as GPS entered Full Operational Capability (1995) Recognized growing importance of GPS to both sectors - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

ICAO CAR/SAM ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

Presentation GNSS 4.2

by H. Cabler

Presentation GNSS 4.2

by H. Cabler

Page 2: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

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Need for GPS Modernization recognized by US as GPS entered Full Operational Capability (1995) Recognized growing importance of GPS to both sectors National Policy imperative to enhance GPS as single world

standard Better, more reliable civilian service Need to rethink GPS architecture for the future

Multiple studies indicated diverse set of needs New signals, Higher Power, Greater Accuracy Greater focus on dual-use nature System Integrity, Survivability, and Prevention of hostile use Better Spectrum Management

Modernization History

Page 3: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

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Background

1996 Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) and 1998/99 Vice Presidential announcements committed US to modernization and improvement path Selective Availability (SA) turned to zero NLT 2006 Two new civil signals and new military signals Free world-wide use

Move from studies to action initiated in FY 2000 SA Set to zero in May 00 directed changes to existing and future satellites IIF program terminated at 12 satellites and GPS III development

began

Modernization Now in Full SwingModernization Now in Full Swing

Page 4: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

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GPS IIA/IIR

GPS III

GPS IIR-M, IIF

IIR-M: Improved on all IIA capabilities and added

• 2nd Civil Signal on L2• New L1 & L2 M-CodeIIF: IIR-M capability and:• Add 3rd Civil Signal on L5

• Standard Service (~100 m)• Precise Service (~16 m)• Two Nav frequencies L1: Civil (C/A) & Precise code, Navigation L-2: P-code Nav

GPS-III:• Increased power (+20dB)• Increased Accuracy• Greater Availability• Controlled Integrity• Greater Survivability

Basic GPS

L2C on L2

Full Civil RqmtsAdd’l Capabilities

New Civil Signal – L5

GPS Modernization at a Glance

Increasing System Capabilities

Increasing Civil/Defense Benefit

SA Setto 0

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New Civil Signals

Many consider setting SA = 0 as the 1st step in modernization

New Signals can be considered the 2nd/3rd Steps Civil Users Currently Limited to One GPS Signal

C/A-code at L1 frequency (1575.42 MHz)

Adding a Second Civil Signal C/A-type code at L2 frequency (1227.60 MHz)

Adding a Third Civil Signal P-type codes at L5 frequency (1176.45 MHz)

Higher power signal, intended for precision navigation

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SA Set to Zero on 2 May 2000

Selective Availability (SA) = Intentional Degradation President decided to discontinue SA to aid peaceful civil users Civil user accuracy dramatically increased on 2 May 2000

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Block IIR Modernization

Pre-Modernization/IIR

Heritage SignalsL1 C/AL1, L2 P(Y)

On Orbit Life~10.6 Years MMD*

Post Modernization/IIR-M

Modernized Signals Flexible, Higher Power L1 C/A, L2C** (or C/A) L1, L2 P(Y) L1, L2 M-Code)

On-Orbit Life ~8.6 Years MMD

* Design Life/MMD analysis completed Nov 01.** L2 Second Civil signal design supports varying code length and data structure

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Block IIF Modernization

Pre-Modernization

Heritage SignalsL1, L2 C/AL1, L2 P(Y)

Design Life15 Years

* L2 Second Civil signal design supports varying code length and data structure** L5 Third Civil signal at -154dBw

Post Modernization

Modernized Signals Flexible, Higher Power L1 C/A, L2C* L1, L2 P(Y) L1, L2 M-Code L5 Third Civil**

Design Life 12 Years 10 Year MMD

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Second Civil Signal (L2C) - Block IIR-M Satellites First launch in 2003, then every satellite thereafter Provides a redundant signal for civil users

Improved continuity in case L1 signal reception is lost Improved accuracy via dual-frequency ionosphere correction Wide-lane for extremely-precise local area differential GPS

Third Civil Signal (L5) - Block IIF Satellites First launch in 2005, then subsequent satellites thereafter Provides redundant dual-frequency capability for civil users

Improved continuity in case L1 or L2 signal reception is lost Improved accuracy via triple-frequency ionosphere correction Tri-lane for ultra-precise local area differential GPS

New Civil Signal Roll-Out

Page 10: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

10SAASM M-Code

SystemMilestones

Space Segment

1801 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19FY

Modernized (IIR-M/IIF) Launches

Heritage Launches

GPS-IIIFOC

GPS-IIIIOC

GPS III Launches1st IIR-M 1st IIF

GPS III Launches

L5IOC

L5FOC

EMD

1st GPS-III SV1st

L5 SV1st

L2C SV

1st GPS III

New Capability Schedule

L2CIOC

L2CFOC

Page 11: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

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Second Civil Signal

Third Civil Signal

1 ON 3menu

2

Rockwell

4 5 6

7 WPT

8 POS

9 NAV

CLRMARK

0 OFF

NUM LOCK

FIX FOM 1N 42* 01” 46.12”W 091* 38’ 54.36”EL + 00862 ft

ZEROIZE

The GPS IIISystem

• Relook at Entire GPS Architecture to:– Achieve long term GPS performance goals– Reduce long term total ownership costs

• Ensure GPS III is Synergized with:– Military and Civil Needs/Systems– Possible augmentation opportunities

• Build Best GPS for the Next 30 Years

• Relook at Entire GPS Architecture to:– Achieve long term GPS performance goals– Reduce long term total ownership costs

• Ensure GPS III is Synergized with:– Military and Civil Needs/Systems– Possible augmentation opportunities

• Build Best GPS for the Next 30 Years

GPS III System Vision

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GPS III Addresses MultipleGPS Needs

Significantly Increased Integrity Crucial for anticipated civil aviation uses Also important for military use

High level of Signal Availability Equally important to both military and civilian

Significantly Increased Accuracy Driven by evolving nature of warfare and civil uses

Additional GPS needs: Future flexibility, nav related messaging, reprogramability

These Needs not able to be addressed without significant architectural change

These Needs not able to be addressed without significant architectural change

Page 13: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

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GPS III Integrated Approach

GPS Originally Designed without benefit of an Established User Base

Civil Users Previously Solicited for Suggested Changes to Existing System to Meet their Needs

GPS III has Novel Approach for Integrating Needs of the DoD, DOT, FAA… Just completed System Architecture and Requirements Definition

phase gathered and identified future requirements Interagency Forum for Operation Requirements created to identify and

assemble new requirements for GPS Civil and military requirements to be approved in totality by joint

committee Coast Guard Navigation Center soliciting requirements via website

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Other Civil Missions (over 140 total)

Other Civil Missions

Stressing Civil Missions

• Category IIIB/C instrument landing at approved airport• Precision automatic highway vehicle guidance (including collision avoidance),

including in urban canyon conditions• Mobile personal systems wireless communications synchronization for advanced

performance signaling protocols• Computing/communications network synchronization• Electric power grid synchronization• Precision construction equipment guidance• Construction surveying• Crustal motion monitoring• Weather monitoring (tropospheric water content)• Scientific instrument synchronization• Open loop antenna pointing for mobile satcomm users, other instrument pointing• Hiker navigation• Civilian spacecraft position and attitude determination for sensor pointing

Stressing Civil Missions

. ..

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GPS III Increased Capability

Assured Delivery of GPS Signals

Higher Power Military & Civil Signals

Higher Accuracy Service for All Users

Increased Integrity Inherent in GPS

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GPS III Assured Delivery

Dual-Use GPS is more than just Adding Civil Signals Assuring availability and continuity of signals

Realization that GPS is considered a Critical Part of Worldwide Infrastructure

Availability/Continuity Key Factors in GPS III Design Crosslink architecture Number of orbital planes Number of satellites Sparing strategy Replacement strategy Control segment

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GPS III Increased Accuracy

Augmented and standalone missions identified that require more accuracy than modernized GPS

Signal-in-space improvements must keep pace with those in users equipment Advanced technology clocks Inter-satellite ranging Improved ephemeris and orbital models Age of Data reduction and more timely updates via

crosslinks

Page 18: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

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GPS Accuracy

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

SIS

Ps

ue

do

Ra

ng

e E

rro

r (m

ete

rs 1

-σ)

1996TodayWith AII (2005)IIF (2010)GPS III (2015)

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GPS III Increased Integrity

Aviation applications one of key drivers GPS III architectural changes

Improved monitoring and reporting Planned interfaces between GPS and augmentations

Potential for meeting broad array of civil and military needs via GPS alone

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Sufficient Means of Navigation?

Sufficient to be used anywhere, anytime Without precluding use of other systems or

augmentations Without requiring use of other systems or

augmentations Except for most demanding applications (LAAS)

With assured delivery Availability and continuity (and higher power)

With high accuracy With high integrity

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Ground Augmentation

By itself, GPS III will have very good Accuracy and Integrity Good enough for most navigation applications

Ground Augmentation Gives Major Improvements For Ultra High Accuracy

~1 m with Local Area Differential GPS (LADGPS) ~1 cm with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK)

For Ultra High Integrity 1-1x10-9/operation or even better is achievable

Precision Landing Needs High Accuracy/Integrity Prime example of GPS ground augmentation system usage

Civil: Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)

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Challenges

Maintaining a healthy constellation while adding system capabilities Constellation sustainment strategies Operational Control Segment (OCS) upgrades Testing / validating new signals - design and

operations Transition to modernized OCS

Spectrum Protection International Cooperation

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International Cooperation

Need a strategic view for US interaction with Galileo Work the policy and technical issues on how these

two system can coexist and leverage one another Opportunity is now for us to begin working to ensure

a single, integrated Navigation service Improves civil aviation, interoperability, and spectrum

protection Will save money if done properly

GPS III Acquisition effort is the right place to push for this to happen

Page 24: ICAO CAR/SAM  ATN/GNSS SEMINAR

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Summary

GPS Modernization activities well underway GPS Modernization offers superb opportunity to

satisfy both military requirements and civil needs GPS III exploring complementary DoD/civil augmentation

opportunities

Working through challenges GPS III Architecture – Working hard toward a

robust, supportable, flexible, international capability for the next 30 years